В‚ГЊГ‹Za,(ГЉaZГЊa,)ГѓZВјВ‹,В№ГЃ{ВµZВ‡ Г„В В‡Г‚eГЃ[MВћ]ZГЂВ»ГЉВёГЊВёveГЉВЊГ…ГЃВ„aГЉВёВёВјВ·YВѕГЊ]Г„В»ZГЂВёВђВ§ Available online at: www.waterdevelop.com IBWRD Vol. (II)вЂ“ No. (04)- S.N. (07)- Autumn 2014 1st ArticleвЂ“ P. 1-12 ISSN 2345 - 5012 International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development An Investigation of Influencing Factors on the Optimal Management of Agricultural Water by Using System Approach Masoud Samian1*, Karim Naderi Mahdei2, Heshmatollah Saadi3, Hamid Balali4, Reza Movahedi5 , Mousa Aazami6 1 Ph.D. Student of Agricultural Extension and Education, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran ([email protected]) 3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran ([email protected]) 4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran ([email protected]) 5 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran ([email protected]) 6 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran ([email protected]) * Corresponding Author ([email protected]) Article History Revised: Jun. 30, 2014 Received: May 16, 2014 Accepted: Jul. 13, 2014 Reviewed: Jun. 05, 2014 Published: Dec. 16, 2014 Abstract The main objective of this study is to examine the factors influencing the optimal management of agricultural water in the city of Hamedan. 148 farmers who are farming in the city of the Hamedan where randomly selected as the research sample. The Data was collected via questionnaire and interview. The accuracy of the indicators and the items of the questionnaire or the face validity were confirmed by the specialists of the course. The methodology used in this study was based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches including dynamic simulation using Vensim software and analytical- descriptive methods. In data analysis, different statistical methods were used (KMO value is equal to 0.848 and Bartlett amount equals 3315 that was significant at 0.01 level of significance). The results showed that from farmers' points of view, the optimal management of water is analyzable and identifiable via four factors. These factors explain more than 79.21 percent of the total variance. Finally, some pieces of advice are recommended to achieve the optimal development of water resources in Hamedan. Keywords: Agricultural Water, Optimal Management, Factor Analysis, Systems Thinking Approach ГЉВјfВ€ГЊВ‡{ВЂВ°Г‹ГЃВЃYГѓ{ZВЁfВ‡YZ]Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ [M Г„ГЂГЊГ†] dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» ВЂ] ВЂiRВ» В¶В»YГ‚ВџГЉВ‡ВЂ] ГЉВјВњВџYГЉВ‡Г‚В» ,Г‰|uГ‚В»ZВ“,ГЉВ·Г”]|ГЊВјu,Г‰|В В‡Г„В·YdВјВЊu,ГЉГ‹|Г†В»Г‰{ZВїВєГ‹ВЂВЇ,ВЅZГЊВ»ZВ‡{Г‚В В€В» ([email protected]) В–]YГѓ|ВїZВґВї,ВЅY|ВјГ…,ZГЂГЊВ‡ГЉВёВџГ‚]ГѓZВґВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГѓ|В°ВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeГѓГЃВЂВі ,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeГ‰ВЂfВЇ{Г‰Г‚nВЊВїY{ ([email protected]) ВЅY|ВјГ…,ZГЂГЊВ‡ГЉВёВџГ‚]ГѓZВґВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГѓ|В°ВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeГѓГЃВЂВі ,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГ„В В‡Г‚eZГ‹{ZfВ‡Y ([email protected]) ВЅY|ВјГ…,ZГЂГЊВ‡ГЉВёВџГ‚]ГѓZВґВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГѓ|В°ВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeГѓГЃВЂВі ,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeZГЊВЊВїY{ ([email protected])ВЅY|ВјГ…,ZГЂГЊВ‡ГЉВёВџГ‚]ГѓZВґВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГѓ|В°ВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeГѓГЃВЂВі,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ{ZВђfВ«YZГ‹{ZfВ‡Y ([email protected])ВЅY|ВјГ…,ZГЂГЊВ‡ГЉВёВџГ‚]ГѓZВґВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГѓ|В°ВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeГѓГЃВЂВі ,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeZГ‹{ZfВ‡Y ([email protected])ВЅY|ВјГ…,ZГЂГЊВ‡ГЉВёВџГ‚]ГѓZВґВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГѓ|В°ВЊВїY{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»MГЃlГ‹ГЃВЂeГѓГЃВЂВі,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГ„В В‡Г‚eZГ‹{ZfВ‡Y //Г‰ГЃY{xГ‹Ze //ZВЊfВїYxГ‹Ze //dВ§ZГ‹{xГ‹Ze //В‰ВЂГ‹~axГ‹Ze Г„В·ZВ¬В»ZВЊfВїYГ„rzГ‹Ze //sГ”ВЏYxГ‹Ze International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development (IBWRD), Vol. (II)вЂ“ No. (04)- S.N. 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(07)- Autumn 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD В‚ГЊГ‹Za,(ГЉaZГЊa,)ГѓZВјВ‹,В№ГЃ{ВµZВ‡ Г„В В‡Г‚eГЃ[MВћ]ZГЂВ»ГЉВёГЊВёveГЉВЊГ…ГЃВ„aГЉВёВёВјВ·YВѕГЊ]Г„В»ZГЂВёВђВ§ [M dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» Г„ГЂГЊВ»ВЃ { ВЂiRВ» ВѕГЊВїYГ‚В« \Г‹Г‚Вђe |Вї|В¬fВ В» () ГЃ{ ВЅYГ‚ГЂВџ Г„] ,ВЃГ‚nВ»ВЅГЃ|]Г‰ZГ…ГѓZq ВЂВЁu ВЃY dВ·ГЃ{Г‰ВЂГЊВіГ‚Вёm ГЃ sВЂ/В�В» Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ Г‰Z/Г…[M dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» d/Г†m { ВЂiRВ» Г„ВЁВ·RВ» Г‰ВЂГ‹~adГЊВ·ГЃRВ€В» В‚ГЊВї ГЃ (Pereira et al., 2002ВЃYВ¶В¬ВїГ„] |ГЂfВ€Г… ВЃY Y [M Вћ]Z/ГЂВ» ГЃ Z/Г…ВµZВїZВЇ Г‰Y|Г†ВґВї ГЃ ВљВЁudГ†m ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ ГЃ ГѓZ//ВђВџ .|/ ГЂВїY{ГЉ//В» [M dГ‹ВЂГ‹|//В» ВЂ//В»Y { ВЂiR//В»Г‰Z//Г…Г„//ВЁВ·RВ» Г„/qZaВ®/Г‹ ГЉВ“YY Г‰ZГЊ]M ВЅZВ»|ВїY Г„В В·ZВ�В» Z] (ВЅYZВ°ВјГ… ВЅ{Y{ dВЇZ//ВЊВ» |//ГЂВїZВ» ГЉГ‹Z//Г…Г„//ВЁВ·RВ» ,ВЃ{ Г„//qZaВ®//Г‹ ВЂ//ГЊВЈ ГЃ Г„В°^В‹ Г‰Y{Г„ВґВї ГЃ [M ВћГ‹ВЃГ‚e { ВЅZВі|ГЂГЂВЇВҐВЂВђВ» ГЃ ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ ВЃY Y ВЅГ“ГЃR/В€В» ВҐВЂ/В— ВЃY Гѓ|/В‹ Г„ГЊ/ВЏГ‚e dВЊВЇ Г‰Г‚ВґВ·Y Г‰YВЂmY ГЃ ВЂ/ВЇ} ВЃ{ |В‡ ГЉВ“YY Г‰ZГЊ]M ВЅZВ»|ВїY ВЉГ‹YВ‚В§Y ВЂ] ВЂiRВ» Г‰ZГ…Г„ВЁВ·RВ» В№|/Вџ (Regner et al., 2006) cZ/В¬ГЊВ¬ve В…Z/В‡Y ВЂ/] .|/ГЂГЂВЇГЉ/В» ВЌГ‚/Вђy { ВЅYВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ Г‰YВЂ/] В№ВЃГ“ Г‰Z/Г…В‰ВЃГ‚В»MГ‰ВЃZВ‡ВєГ…YВЂВ§ dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» d/ГЊВ¬В§Г‚В» Г„/ГЂГЊВ»ВЃ { ВєГ†В» cГ”В°ВЊВ»ВЃY Г‰ZГЊ]M dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» Г‰|ГЂ]В¶В°В‹ ГЃ tГЊВ�В€e ВЅY|В¬В§ , ГЉВјВ‡ZВ¬В·YГ‚]YВЂГЊВ» .dВ‡Y [M В®/Г‹ { ГЉ/ВџYВЃ cГ“Г‚/ВђvВ» dВЊВЇ { ВќГ‚ГЂe ,ГЉВ“YY \В‡ZГЂВ»ZВї В‰ВЃГ‚/В»M В№|/Вџ В‚ГЊВїГЃВµГ‚ВђvВ» ВЂГ… ГЉ]MВЃZГЊВї Г„] Г„mГ‚e В№|Вџ ,Г„ВџВ‚В» Гѓ{ZВЁf/В‡Y cГЃВЂ/В“Г„/ГЂГЊВ»ВЃ{Y ВЅYВЂ/][M ГЃ ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ lГ‹ГЃВЂe ГЃ { [M Г„/ГЂГЊГ†] ВҐВЂ/ВђВ» ГѓY { {Г‚mГ‚В» Г‰ZГ…ВЉВ·Zq ,[M ВЃY Г„ГЂГЊГ†] Г„/ВЇ {Y{ ВЅZВџ}Y В‚ГЊВї () ВYГ‚] .|ГЂВЇГЉВ» ВЅZГЊ] Г„ВџВ‚В» tВ�В‡ Г‰ZГ…В¶В°ВЊe Г‰YВЂ] ГѓВ„Г‹ГЃ Г„] dВ·ГЃ{ ГЉГЂВ§ Г‰ZГ…dГ‹ZВјuВЃY Г‰Y{Г‚yВЂ] Z//] Z//Г…ВЅM Г„//ВЇ YВЂ//q -d//В‡Y Г‰ГЃВЂ//В“ ZГЊ//В€]В®//qГ‚ВЇ ВЅYВЂ//][M Г‰Z/Г…Вєf/В€ГЊВ‡ Г‰ZГ…Г„ГЂГ‹В‚Г… ВѕГЊВ»PeГ„ГЂГЊВ»ВЃ { Г‰{ZГ‹ВЃ ZГЊВ€] Г‰ZГ…ВЉВ·Zq .|ГЂfВ€Г… Г„mYГ‚В» Г‰ZГЊ]M ВѕГ‹Г‚Вї Z/] ВЉГ…ГЃВ„/a Вѕ/Г‹Y ,В©Г‚/В§ ВќГ‚/В“Г‚В» dГЊВјГ…Y ГЃ cГЃВЂВ“ Г„] Г„mГ‚e Z] { Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ [M Г„/ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» ВЂ] ВЂiRВ» В¶В»YГ‚Вџ В¶ГЊВёve ВҐ|Г… ,|ГЂfВ€Г… ГЃГ„]ГЃ ГЉ]MВєВЇ В¶В°ВЊВ»Z] Г„ВЇ ГЉВ¬В—ZГЂВ» { Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ [M Г„ВЇdВ‡YВЅMdГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»ВѕГ‹YВЃYВҐ|Г…ГЃ|В‡ГЉВ» ВЂВњВї Г„] ВЂeГ‰ГЃВЂВ“ .{ГЃMdВ‡{Г„] В¶В«Y|u ГЉ]M Вћ]ZГЂВ» ВЃY Y Гѓ{ВЃZ] ВЂjВЇY|u ВЅYГ‚f] \/В В°В»ВЂfВ»ВЂ/Г…ВЃYВЂ/В“ZuВµZu{Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇcYВЃГЃZВ»MВЄ^В— |Г‹MГЉВ»dВ‡{Г„]ВµГ‚ВђvВ»В№ВЂВі ,ВЉz]ВѕГ‹Y{ГЉВ§ВЂВђВ»[M \/В В°В»ВЂ/fВ»ВЂ/Г…Г‰YВЃY{В№ВЂВіГ‚/ВёГЊВЇ ,ВЅMГЉВїZГ†m{Y|ВїZfВ‡YГ„ВЇ Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ{[McZ/ВЁВёeВЂ/ВґГ‹{Г‰Г‚/В‡ВЃYdВ‡YГЉВ§ВЂВђВ»[M Z/]Г„/ВЇd/В‡YГ‰Z/ГЊ]M{ГЉВ§ВЂ/ВђВ»[MВєnu|ВЏ{{ГЃ|u В№ВЃГ“Г‚/ВЊВЇd/ГЊВ ВјmВЉГ‹YВ‚/В§YГЃ[MВћ]ZГЂВ»dГ‹{ГЃ|vВ»Г„]Г„mГ‚e {Г‚/В»Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇВЉ/z]{ГѓВ„/Г‹ГЃГ„/][MГ‰ГЃГѓВЂ/Г†]Г„ВЇdВ‡Y .(Panahi et al., 2009{ВЂ/ГЊВіYВЂ/В«{|/nВ»sГ”/ВЏYГЃГЉВ‡ВЂ] Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ [M dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» ВЂ] ВЂiRВ» Г‰ZГ…Г„ВЁВ·RВ»dyZГЂВ‹ В®В‹ ВЅГЃ|] [M ВЉ//z] { ГЉfГ‹ВЂГ‹|//В» Г‰Z//Г…ZВ°Г…Y Г„//Г‹YYГ„//ГЂГЊВ»ВЃ |//ВїYГ‚eГЉ//В» {Y Z/Г…Г„/ВЁВ·RВ» Вѕ/Г‹Y ,() Г‰В‚Г‹В‚Вџ .|ГЂВЇ ВєГ…YВЂВ§Y Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ Г‰Г‚/ВґВ·Y) ГЉ/В°Г‹В‚ГЊВ§ ,ГЉfГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» Г‰ZГ…Г„ВЁВ·RВ» cГ‚ВЏ Г„] Г„fВ‡{ ВѕГ‹|ГЂq ,(ГѓВЂ/ГЊВЈГЃ Г‰Z/ГЊ]M В‰ГЃ ,ГЉ/ВјГЊВёВ«YВ–Г‹YВЂВ‹ ,cZВ В�В« {Y|В e ,dВЊВЇ ,(ГѓВЂ/ГЊВЈГЃZГ…Гѓ{ZГ†Вї Г„] ГЉВ‡ВЂfВ‡{В¶В°ВЊВ» ,Г„ВјГЊ] ,cYZ^fВџY) Г‰{ZВђfВ«Y |//В»M{ ,В¶//ВЁВ°e Z//] ,ВЅZВґГ‹Z//В€ВјГ…ГЉВ§ВЂ//ВђВ» Z//fВ§) ГЉВџZ//ВјfmY Г‰YВЂmY В№|Вџ ,[M Вћ]ZГЂВ» dГЊВ°В·ZВ»)Г‰{ZГ†Вї ,(ГѓВЂГЊВЈГЃ Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇВЂГЊВЈ ,(ГѓВЂ///ГЊВЈГЃ [M Вћ///^ГЂВ» ВЅ{Г‚///] Г‰YГѓZ///mY,cYВЂ///В¬В» ГЃ ВѕГЊВїYГ‚///В« cZ/В В·ZВ�В» { ,() ГѓZ/ГЂaГЃY{ ВѕГЊ/ГЂrВјГ… .|/ГЂВЇГЉВ» Г‰|ГЂ]ВєГЊВ€В¬e В¶//В»ZВџ \//В·ZВ« { Г‰ВЃГЃZ//ВЊВЇ cГ“Г‚//ВђvВ»Г„//ВјГЊ] В¶//В»ZВџ Г„//] {Г‚//y В¶/В»ZВџ \/В·ZВ« { ГЉ/fВ·ГЃ{ Г‰Z/Г…ГѓZВґf/В‡{ ВѕГЊ/]ГЉВґГЂГ…ZВјГ… ,Г‰{ZВђfВ«Y ГЃГЉВїZ/В€uY .{Y{ ГѓZ/В‹Y dВ·ГЃ{ ГЉfГ‹ZВјu Г‰ZГ…dВ‡ZГЊВ‡Г„] ГЃ Г‰{ZГ†Вї ВЉГ‹YВ‚/В§Y { Y В‰ВЃГ‚/В»M ГЃ lГ‹ГЃВЂ/e Г„ВЁВ·RВ» ВЉВ¬Вї ,() Г‰|В·Zy В‚/ГЊВї () ВЅZ/ГЊ]ZfГ…ВЃ .|ГЂВїY{ГЉВ» ВЂiRВ» Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ [M Г‰ГЃГѓВЂГ†] ВЂ/ВґГ‹{ВҐY|/Г…YВЃYГЉyВЂ]dВ‡YГѓ|ГЊВ‡ В№ZnВїYГ„] ВЅY|ВјГ…ВЅZfВ‡ВЂГ†В‹ ВЅZВ»|/ВїY ВЅ{Г‚/] ВѕГЊГ‹Z/a d/ВёВџ Y Г‰Z/ГЊ]M dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» В№|/Вџ Г„ВЁВ·RВ» Вћ]ZГЂВ»Г„ГЂГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»ВЂ]ВЂiRВ»Г‰ZГ…ВЂГЊВ¤fВ»Г‰|ГЂ]dГ‹Г‚В·ГЃYГЃГЉГ‹ZВ‡ZГЂВ‹п‚· ВЂ/ГЊВіВє/ВЊqГ‰Z/ГЊ]M ВЅZВ»|/ВїY ВЉГ‹YВ‚В§Y ГЃ Г‰ZГЊ]M dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» {Г‚^Г†] ВЃY|ГЂeZ^ВџВЂВ“ZuВЄГЊВ¬ve ВЅYY{ВЂ]ГѓВЂГ†]ГѓZВі|Г‹{ВЃY[M Вћ]ZГЂВ» dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» ВЂ] ВЂiRВ» Г‰|ГЊВёВЇ Г‰ZГ…ГѓВЃZВ‡ В¶ГЊВёve ГЃ ГЉГ‹ZВ‡ZГЂВ‹п‚· [M { В‰ВЃГ‚/В»M ГЃ lГ‹ГЃВЂe Г„ВЁВ·RВ» ВЉВ¬Вї {Y{ {ZВ¬fВџY ,Г„fВ€ВїY{ Г‰ZГЊ]M ГЃ lГ‹ГЃВЂ/e ВЉВ¬Вї Г„] {Г‚y cZВ В·ZВ�В» { ВєГ… () ГЉВ‹ВЂВ§ .dВ‡Y sГ”/ВЏY ГЃ Г„В /В‡Г‚e ,ВЅZВџYВЃ ГЉГ…ZВіM ВЉГ‹YВ‚В§Y ГЃ Г‰ZГЊ]M В‰ВЃГ‚В»M Г‰ZГ…В‰ГЃ Г‰ВЂГЊВіZВЇ Г„] ,[M ВћГ‹ВЃГ‚e ГЃ ВµZВ¬fВїY ВЅ|В» Г‰ZГ…Г„В°^В‹ Г„/ГЂГЊГ†] dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» ГЃ Г‰Z/ГЊ]M ВЅZВ»|/ВїY ВЉГ‹YВ‚В§Y { Г‰ZГЊ]M |Г‹|m ВЅYZ//В°ВјГ…ГЃГЉ//ВЈГЃВЂВ§ ,Zf//В‡Y ВѕГЊ//ВјГ… { .|//ГЂВЇГЉ//В»ГѓZ//В‹Y [M 1. Burak International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development (IBWRD), Vol. (II)вЂ“ No. (04)- S.N. (07)- Autumn 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD В‚ГЊГ‹Za,(ГЉaZГЊa,)ГѓZВјВ‹,В№ГЃ{ВµZВ‡ Г„В В‡Г‚eГЃ[MВћ]ZГЂВ»ГЉВёГЊВёveГЉВЊГ…ГЃВ„aГЉВёВёВјВ·YВѕГЊ]Г„В»ZГЂВёВђВ§ ВЂ/Г… Z/iM Г„/] ВЅ{ВЂ] ГЉaГЃГ„В В·ZВ�В»{Г‚В»ВќГ‚В“Г‚В»dГ†m{\В‡ZГЂВ» [MВћ]ZГЂВ»Г„ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»ВЌГ‚Вђy{ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇcYВЂВњВїГЉВ‡ВЂ] ,[Г‚qZ/q ,ГЉВјf/В€ГЊВ‡ВЂВ°ВЁe .|ГЂВЇГЉВ» ZВЁГ‹Y ГЉВјГ†В» ВЉВ¬Вї ZГ…ГЉГ‹ZГ‹Г‚a ZГ…ВЅM ГЉВ»ZВјe ВѕfВ§ВЂВі ВЂВњВї { Z] Вµ|В» { ГЉВ‡ВЂ] {Г‚В» Г‰ZГ…ВЂГЊВ¤fВ» ВЃY В®Г‹ Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇГЃВ‰ВЃГ‚/В»M,|/ГЊВ·Г‚eГ‰ZГ…ГЉВіВ„Г‹ГЃВЃYГЉyВЂ]Г„]Г„mГ‚eZ] ГЃd//В‡YГ„В·P//В€В»В®//Г‹dyZГЂ//В‹Г‰YВЂ//]ГЉ//В¬В�ГЂВ»ГЃВЅГ‚ВїZ//В«,В‰ГЃ ВЂ//]{YГ„В·P/ В€В»ВЅMГЉ//^ГЊВЇВЂeГЃГЉ//ВёГЊВёve,Г‰YГ„//Г‹В‚neГ‰Z//Г…Г„//^ГЂm ZГ…В‰ГЃГЃ{YГ‚В» . 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Survey Research 2. Face Validity 3. Reliability 4. Factor Analysis International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development (IBWRD), Vol. (II)вЂ“ No. (04)- S.N. (07)- Autumn 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD В‚ГЊГ‹Za,(ГЉaZГЊa,)ГѓZВјВ‹,В№ГЃ{ВµZВ‡ Г„В В‡Г‚eГЃ[MВћ]ZГЂВ»ГЉВёГЊВёveГЉВЊГ…ГЃВ„aГЉВёВёВјВ·YВѕГЊ]Г„В»ZГЂВёВђВ§ ВЅ{ВЂ/ВЇ {ГЃ|В€В» ГЉВ‡ВЂ] {Г‚В» Г„В В»Zm ГѓZВі|Г‹{ ВЃY ,{Г‚В‹ГЉВ» Г„ВњuГ”В» В®qГ‚ВЇВ№Y{ВѕГЊВґВїZГЊВ»ГЃ/ZГЊВ В»ВҐYВЂvВїYZ]В…OВ±В‚] Г„/ГЂГЊГ†] dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» ВЂ/] |/ВїYГ‚eГЉВ» Г„ВЇ dВ‡Y Г‰ВЂГЊВ¤fВ» ВѕГ‹ВЂeВєГ†В» (/ Г‰Z/Г…В‰ГЃ{Г‚/В»{cZ/ВџГ”В—Y\/В€ВЇГ‰YВЂ]Г„В В·ZВ�В»{Г‚В»{YВЂВ§Y Z//ГЊВ В» ВҐYВЂ//vВїY ГЃ/ ВѕГЊВґВїZ/ГЊВ») ВќYВ‚//В»ВЃZ//nВ»ВЂ/ГЊВЈ Г‰Z//Г…ГѓZ/q Г„/ВЇ d/В‡Y Вѕ/Г‹Y dГЊВ В«YГЃ .{Y~Вґ] ВЂГЊiPe ВЅY|ВјГ… ВЅZfВ‡ВЂГ†В‹ { [M cZВ»|ВЏ ВЂГЊyY Г‰ZГ…ВµZВ‡ { ВЅZfВ‡ВЂГ†В‹ { ВЃZnВ» ВЂГЊВЈ Г‰ZГ…ГѓZq ВЂВЁu Вћ]Z/ГЂВ» Г‰Y|Г‹Za ГЃ Гѓ{Г‚ВјВї {YГЃ ГЉГЂГЊВ»ВЃВЂГ‹ВЃ Г‰ZГ…[M Вћ]ZГЂВ» ВЂ] Г‰{ZГ‹ВЃ ВЂ/ВњВї ВЃY В¶/]ZВ¬В» { .d/В‡Y Г„/fyY|ВїY ГѓВЂВ—Z/zВ» Г„/] Y ГЉ/]M ВЂWZy} ГЃ [MВµZ/В¬fВїYГЉВё/ВЏYГ‰Z/Г…ВµZ/ВїZВЇВЂГЊ/В€В»ВЅ{ВЂ/ВЇГѓZ/eГ‚ВЇ ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ {Y{ [M Y|/Г‹Za dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» ГЃ Г„/ГЂГЊГ†] Гѓ{ZВЁfВ‡Y { Y ВЂГЊiPe ВѕГ‹ВЂeВєВЇ ВЃY{|//nВ»Гѓ{ZВЁf//В‡Y .(/ Z//ГЊВ В» ВҐYВЂ//vВїY ГЃ / ВѕГЊВґВїZ//ГЊВ») {Г„/ВїYВЂГЊВіdz/В‡ВѕГЊВїYГ‚/В«{Г‚/mГЃ,ГЉВ§ZВ“YГЃГѓ|В‹В¦ВёeГ‰ZГ…[M ВЃYГ„/ВјГ‹ВЂm~/yY,|/ГЂГ…{ГЉ/В»|/Г…Y[MГ„/ВЇГЉВїYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ{Г‚В» |ГЂf/В€Г… ГЉГ‹Z/Г…ВЂГЊВ¤fВ» ВЂ/ВґГ‹{ ВЃYГѓВЂГЊВЈГЃВЃZnВ»ВЂГЊВЈВЅZВі|ГЂГЂВЇdВ‹Y{ВЂ] ВЃY Г„/ГЂГЊГ†] Гѓ{ZВЁf/В‡Y ГЃ dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» Г„] |ГЂВїYГ‚eГЉВ» ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ ВЂВњВї ВЃY Г„ВЇ ВµГЃ|/m { ВЅYГ‚/eГЉВ» Y ZГ…ВЂГЊВ¤fВ» ВЂГ‹ZВ‡ dГЊВ В“ГЃ .|Вї{ВЂВі ВЂnГЂВ» [M .{Г‚ВјВї Гѓ|Г…ZВЊВ» () ВЃY|/ВЏ{ВѕГЊ/ГЂrВјГ…dВ‡YГѓ{Г‚]/ZГЊВ В»ВҐYВЂvВїYZ]В…O Г„/]|/ВЏ{,kГЃВЂ/В»Г„]|ВЏ{,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГѓ{YГ„]Г‰ZГЊ]M ,Z/Г…Г„Г‹Z/В€ВјГ…Г„/]В‚/ГЊВї|/ВЏ{ГЃГ‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇcZ/В¬ГЊВ¬veВ‚ВЇYВЂВ» dГЊВ°В·ZВ»{Г‚В»{ВѕГЊГЂrВјГ…|ГЂГЂВЇГЉВ»Г„В mYВЂВ»ZГ…Г„ВїZВ‡ГЃcГ”nВ» {ГЃ|/uГ„/ВЇ{Г‚/]cГ‚ВЏВѕГ‹YГ„]ВЄГЊВ¬velГ‹ZfВїГ‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГЉВ“YY ,ГЉ/ВЏГ‚Вђyd/ГЊВ°В·ZВ»Г‰YY{Г„В В·ZВ�В»{Г‚В»{YВЂВ§YВЃY|ВЏ{ ВЂ/ВґГ‹{Г‰ZГ…ГѓГ‚ГЊВ‹Г‰YY{ГЉВ¬]ZВ»ГЃГѓZmY|ВЏ{,ГЉВїГЃZВ e|ВЏ{ Г‰Z//Г…В…Г”//ВЇ{ Г„//В В·ZВ�В»{Г‚//В»{YВЂ//В§YВЃY|//ВЏ{ .|//ВїYГѓ{Г‚//] ВѕГЊ/ВјГ…ВЃY|/ВЏ{ .|/ВїYГѓ{Г‚/ВјВїdВЇВЂ/В‹Гѓ|В‹YВ‚ВіВЂ]ГЉnГ‹ГЃВЂe [MГ„ГЂГЊГ†]ВҐВЂВђВ»ГЃ[MdГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»Z]В–êВЂВ»Г‰ZГ…В…Г”ВЇ{{YВЂВ§Y |ВїYГѓ{ВЂВЇdВЇВЂВ‹Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ dГ‹Г‚В·ГЃY \В€u ВЂ] [M Г„ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» ВЂ] ВЂiRВ» Г‰ZГ…ВЂГЊВ¤fВ» . 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ВµГЃ|m (CV) cYВЂГЊГЊВ¤e\Г‹ВЂВ“ ZГЊВ В»ВҐYВЂvВїY Г‰YГ„êВѕГЊВґВїZГЊВ» / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ВЋyZВ‹ dГ‹Г‚В·ГЃY ГЉВ§ZВ“YГЃГѓ|В‹В¦ВёeГ‰ZГ…[MВЃY{|nВ»Гѓ{ZВЁfВ‡Y ВќYВ‚В»ВЃZnВ»ВЂГЊВЈГ‰ZГ…ГѓZqВЅ{ВЂВЇ{ГЃ|В€В» |ГЂГ…{ГЉВ»|Г…Y[MГ„ВЇГЉВїYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ{Г‚В»{Г„ВїYВЂГЊВіdzВ‡ВѕГЊВїYГ‚В«{Г‚mГЃ ВЃZnВ»ВЂГЊВЈВЅZВі|ГЂГЂВЇdВ‹Y{ВЂ]ВЃYГ„ВјГ‹ВЂm~yY cYГ‚ГЂВ«ГЉ]ГЃГ‰Г“ГЃsГ”ВЏY |ГЂГЂВЇГЉВ»Гѓ{ZВЁfВ‡Y|Г‹|mГ‰ZГ…В‰ГЃВЃYГ„ВЇГЉВїYВЃГЃZВЊВЇВЄГ‹Г‚ВЊe / Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ[MdГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»Г„ГЂГЊВ»ВЃ{dВ·ГЃ{Г‰Y~ВіГ„Г‹ZВ»ВЂВ‡ВЉГ‹YВ‚В§Y / ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇГ„]cГ”ГЊГ†В€edyY{ВЂa / ВµZВїZВЇ{[MВѕfВ§|Г…ВЃYГ‰ВЂГЊВіГ‚ВёmГЃZГ…ВЂГ†ВїВЅ{Г‚ВјВїГЉВїГ‚f] / ГЉВ‹ВЃГ‚В»MГ‰ZГ…В…Г”ВЇ{dВЇВЂВ‹Г„]ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇВЄГ‹Г‚ВЊe / [MВћ]ZГЂВ»ВЃYГ„ГЂГЊГ†]Гѓ{ZВЁfВ‡YcГЃВЂВ“Г‚ВњГЂВ»Г„]ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇВ‰ВЃГ‚В»M / Г‰Y{ВЅYГ‚z]McZГЊВёВјВџВ№ZnВїY / / / [MГ‰ZГ…ГѓZqГ‰ГЃГ‚fГЂВЇ\ВђВї [MdГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»Г„ГЂГЊВ»ВЃ{ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇdВЇZВЊВ»ВЅ{ВЂ] Г“Z] ZВЊВ§dveГ‰ZГЊ]MГ‰ZГ…В‰ГЃВЃYГѓ{ZВЁfВ‡Y / Г‰ZГЊ]MВѕГ‹Г‚ВїГ‰ZГ…ВєfВ€ГЊВ‡|Г‹ВЂydГ†m{ГЉfВ·ГЃ{Г‰ZГ…В№YГЃВЉГ‹YВ‚В§Y / dВЊВЇГ‰Г‚ВґВ·YВЂГЊГЊВ¤e / / / ВћВ«Г‚В»Г„]Г‰ZГЊ]M ГЉВ°ВЊyГ„]В№ГЃZВ¬В»cГ“Г‚ВђvВ»ВЃYГѓ{ZВЁfВ‡Y ГЉВ»{ВЂВ»Г‰ZГ…ГѓГЃВЂВіZГ‹ВЅГ‚ВїZВЇВ¶ГЊВ°ВЊe International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development (IBWRD), Vol. (II)вЂ“ No. (04)- S.N. 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(07)- Autumn 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD В‚ГЊГ‹Za,(ГЉaZГЊa,)ГѓZВјВ‹,В№ГЃ{ВµZВ‡ Г„В В‡Г‚eГЃ[MВћ]ZГЂВ»ГЉВёГЊВёveГЉВЊГ…ГЃВ„aГЉВёВёВјВ·YВѕГЊ]Г„В»ZГЂВёВђВ§ + + ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇГ„]cГ”ГЊГ†В€edyY{ВЂa + [MdГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»Г„ГЂГЊВ»ВЃ{Г‰Y~ВіГ„Г‹ZВ»ВЂВ‡ВЉГ‹YВ‚В§Y + Г‰ {ZВђfВ«YВ¶В»YГ‚Вџ + В® qГ‚ВЇГ‰ZГ…ВѕГЊВ»ВЃ{ВЅ|В»Г‰ZГ…В‰ГЃВЃYГѓ{ZВЁfВ‡Y + ГЉ fВ·ГЃ{Г‰ZГ…В№YГЃВЉГ‹YВ‚В§Y ++ .Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ[MГ„ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»ВЂ]Г‰{ZВђfВ«YВ¶В»ZВџcYВЂiYГ‰Г‚В¬Вёu-ГЉВёВџВµ|В».В¶В°В‹ + + |/ГЂГЂВЇГЉВ»Гѓ{ZВЁfВ‡Y|Г‹|mГ‰ZГ…В‰ГЃВЃYГ„ВЇГЉВїYВЃГЃZВЊВЇВЄГ‹Г‚ВЊe + ГЉВџZВјfmYВ¶В»YГ‚Вџ + ГЉВ»{ВЂВ»Г‰ZГ†Г…ГЃВЂВіZГ‹ВЅГ‚ВїZВЇВ¶ГЊВ°ВЊe + + ГЉВ“YYВЅ{ВЂВЇГ„qZbВ°Г‹ .Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ[MГ„ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»ВЂ]ГЉВџZВјfmYВ¶В»ZВџcYВЂiYГ‰Г‚В¬Вёu-ГЉВёВџВµ|В».В¶В°В‹ ВЂ/] Y ВЂГЊiP/e ВѕГ‹ВЂ/eВє/ВЇ [MВµZ/В¬fВїYГЉВёВЏYГ‰ZГ…ВµZВїZВЇВЂГЊВ€В»ВЅ{ВЂВЇ ВЃY{|//nВ»Гѓ{ZВЁf//В‡Y {Y{ [M Y|//Г‹Za dГ‹ВЂГ‹|//В» ГЃ Г„//ГЂГЊГ†] Гѓ{ZВЁf//В‡Y {Г„/ВїYВЂГЊВіdz/В‡ВѕГЊВїYГ‚/В«{Г‚/mГЃ,ГЉВ§ZВ“YГЃГѓ|В‹В¦ВёeГ‰ZГ…[M ВЃYГ„/ВјГ‹ВЂm~/yY,|/ГЂГ…{ГЉ/В»|/Г…Y[MГ„/ВЇГЉВїYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ{Г‚В» |ГЂf/В€Г… ГЉГ‹Z/Г…ВЂГЊВ¤fВ» ВЂ/ВґГ‹{ ВЃYГѓВЂГЊВЈГЃВЃZnВ»ВЂГЊВЈВЅZВі|ГЂГЂВЇdВ‹Y{ВЂ] ВЃY Г„/ГЂГЊГ†] Гѓ{ZВЁf/В‡Y ГЃ dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» Г„] |ГЂВїYГ‚eГЉВ» ВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇ ВЂВњВї ВЃY Г„ВЇ .|Вї{ВЂВі ВЂnГЂВ» [M ,ВЂ/В“ZuВЄ/ГЊВ¬ve{Гѓ|/В‹Г„/fВ§ВЂВіZ/ВЇГ„/]ГЉВёВ»ZВџ В¶ГЊВёve lГ‹ZfВї Г‰В‚/ГЊq ВќГ‚/ВјnВ» { Z/Г…Г„/ВЁВ·RВ» Вѕ/Г‹Y Г„/ВЇ {ВЂ/ВЇ ГЉГ‹ZВ‡ZГЂВ‹ Y Г„ВЁВ·RВ» Г„ГЂГЊГ†] dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» ГЉГЂВ Г‹ -Г„fВ€]YГЃ ВЂГЊВ¤fВ» В†ВїZГ‹YГЃ ВЃY |ВЏ{ {ГЃ|u В®Г‹{В‚Вї Г„ВЇ {Y{ ВЅZВЊВї Г„nГЊfВї ВѕГ‹Y .|Вї{Г‚ВјВї ВѕГЊГЊê Y Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ[M [MГ„//ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|//В» ВЂ//] ВЂiR//В» Г‰Z//Г…Г„//ВЁВ·RВ» ВЃY |//ВЏ{ Г„//] Г‰ВЂГЊВіГ„nГЊfВї . В¶/ГЊВёve ГЃ Г‰|/ГЂ]d/Г‹Г‚В·ГЃY ВЉ/z] ГЃ{ { ВЉГ…ГЃВ„a ВЃY В¶ВЏZu lГ‹ZfВї ВЅZf/В‡ВЂГ†В‹{Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ[MГ„ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»ВЂ] ВЂiRВ» Г‰ZГ…Г„ВЁВ·RВ» { Гѓ|/В»M dВ‡{ Г„] lГ‹ZfВї ВЄ^В— .|ГЂfВ§ВЂВі YВЂВ« ГЉВ‡ВЂ] {Г‚В» ВЅY|ВјГ… [MГ„/ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» ВЂ/] ВЂiR/В» Г‰Z/Г…Г„/ВЁВ·RВ» Г‰|/ГЂ]dГ‹Г‚В·ГЃY ВЉz] ВѕГ‹ВЂ/eВє/Г†В» ВќYВ‚В» ВЃZnВ» ВЂГЊВЈ Г‰ZГ…ГѓZq ВЅ{ВЂВЇ {ГЃ|В€В» ,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ ВЅZf/В‡ВЂГ†В‹ { [M Г„/ГЂГЊГ†] dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» ВЂ] |ВїYГ‚eГЉВ» Г„ВЇ dВ‡Y Г‰ВЂГЊВ¤fВ» ВЂ/ГЊВЈ Г‰Z/Г…ГѓZ/q ВЂВЁu Г„ВЇ dВ‡Y ВѕГ‹Y dГЊВ В«YГЃ .{Y~Вґ] ВЂГЊiPe ВЅY|ВјГ… Вћ]Z/ГЂВ» ВЂ/] Г‰{Z/Г‹ВЃ cZВ»|ВЏ ВЂГЊyY Г‰ZГ…ВµZВ‡ { ВЅZfВ‡ВЂГ†В‹ { ВЃZnВ» Y ГЉ]M ВЂГ‹Zy} ГЃ Вћ]ZГЂВ» Г‰Y|Г‹Za ГЃ Гѓ{Г‚ВјВї {YГЃ ГЉГЂГЊВ»ВЃВЂГ‹ВЃ Г‰ZГ…[M ГѓZ/eГ‚ВЇ ВЅYВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ ВЂ/ВњВї ВЃY В¶/]ZВ¬В» { .d/В‡Y Г„fyY|ВїY ГѓВЂВ—ZzВ» Г„] International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development (IBWRD), Vol. (II)вЂ“ No. (04)- S.N. (07)- Autumn 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD В‚ГЊГ‹Za,(ГЉaZГЊa,)ГѓZВјВ‹,В№ГЃ{ВµZВ‡ Г„В В‡Г‚eГЃ[MВћ]ZГЂВ»ГЉВёГЊВёveГЉВЊГ…ГЃВ„aГЉВёВёВјВ·YВѕГЊ]Г„В»ZГЂВёВђВ§ Z/Г†qВЂ/Г…ВЂ/]В¶/В»ZВџВѕГ‹YdВ‡YВЋzВЊВ»Г„ВЇГ‚В—ВЅZВјГ…ГЃ{ВЂ]ГЉВ» cZ/ВџГ”В—Y В¶/ГЊВјВ°e dГ†m Г„ВЇ |ВїYГѓ|ВїZВ» Г„fyZГЂВ‹ZВї ВЃГ‚ГЂГ… Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ {{ВЂ/ВіГЉВ»Г„ВњuГ”В»,{Г‚В‹Г„fВ€Г‹ВЂВґВїВ‚ГЊВїZГ…Г‚fВЇZВ§ГЃВ¶В»YГ‚ВџВЂГ‹ZВ‡Г„] ГЃ ВЅYВЃГЃZ//ВЊВЇВЉ//ВїY{ГЃГЉ//ГЂВ§ ,ГЉВїГ‚ВїZ//В«ГЃГ‰{Z//Г†Вї Г„//ВЁВ·RВ» В¶В»Z//В‹ ГЉВјfВ€ГЊВ‡|Г‹{ВѕГЊВјГ…Z]ВЂВіY.dВ‡YY~ВіВЂГЊiPeГѓ|В‹ГЉГ‹ZВ‡ZГЂВ‹В¶В»ZВџ ГЃ|ГЂf/В€Г…В•ZêY{ВЂВґГ‹|В°Г‹Z]ГЉВ‡ВЂ]{Г‚В»Г‰ZГ…ВЂГЊВ¤fВ»ВЂjВЇYГ„ВЇ .{Y{YВЂВ«ГЉВ‡ВЂ]{Г‚В»ВєГ…ВЃYY|mcГ‚ВЏГ„]YZГ…ВЅMВЅYГ‚eГЉВјВї Вћ]ZГЂВ» [M Г‰ГЃГѓВЂ///Г†] Г‰Z///В¬eY ГЃ dyZГЂ///В‹ () .Гѓ ,Г‰|///В·Zy ГЃ .В№ ,ГЉВїZ///В€uY Г„/fГЊВјВЇ ВЉГ‹Z/ВјГ… ВѕГЊВјГ…{ВЃZ/Г‹ .ГЉГ‹Y~/ВЈ ГЃ ГЉ]M dГЊГЂВ»Y ВѕГЊВ»Pe Г‚ВњГЂВ» Г„] Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ .- ,ВЅYВЂГ‹Y ГЉВЊВ°Г…ВЃ ГЃ Г‰ZГЊ]M ГЉВёВ» ВѕГЊВ»Г‚/В‡ .Z/Г…ZВ°Г…Y ГЃ {Г‚/mГ‚В» dГЊВ /В“ГЃ ,[M ВЅYВЂv] () .В№ ,В‰Г‚ВїГ„ВџВЂm .ВЅY|ВїВЃZВ» ГѓZВґВЊВїY{ ,Г‰ZГЊ]M ВЅZВґfyГ‚В»MВЉВїY{ ВЉГ‹ZВјГ… ГЉВџZ//ВјfmY ГЃ Г‰{Z//ВђfВ«Y cYВЂ//iY ВѕГ‹ВЂ//eВє//Г†В» ГЉ//В‡ВЂ] () .ВЎ ,ГѓZ//ГЂaГЃY{ .cYВЂ//iY Вѕ//Г‹Y ВЉГ…Z//ВЇ Г‰YВЂ//] d//В·ГЃ{ Г‰Z//Г…Вє//В€ГЊВїZВ°В» ZГЊf//В‡{ ГЃ ГЉВ·Z//В‡В®//ВЊy .ВЅYВЂГ‹Y ,ВЅZfВ€qГ‚Вё] ГЃ ВЅZfВ€ГЊВ‡ ВЅZfВ‡Y ,В¶]YВЃ ГѓZВґВЊВїY{ ,[M {Г‚^ВјВЇ В†ВїYВЂВЁГЂВЇ Г„WYY ,ВѕГЊВ»YГЃ Г„В¬В�ГЂВ» { Г‰ZГЊ]M ВЅZВ»|ВїY ВЅ{Г‚] ВѕГЊГ‹Za В¶ВёВџ () ВЎ ,ВЅZГЊ]ZfГ…ВЃ { В…ВЂfВ‡{ В¶]ZВ« ,ВЅYВЂГ‹Y ГЉВЊВ°Г…ВЃ ГЃ Г‰ZГЊ]M ГЉВёВ» Г„fГЊВјВЇ ZГЂГЊВјВ‡ ВѕГЊВјfВЁГ… Г„] Гѓ|В‹ .http://www.irncid.org/seminars/7.htm :dГ‹ZВ‡ ГЃ Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ {Z/ВђfВ«Y Г„Г‹ВЂ/ВЊВї .Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ [M Г‰Y|/Г‹Za () k ,Г‰В‚Г‹В‚Вџ .вЂ“,() ,Г„В В‡Г‚e ВЅZВ»|//ВїY Г„//В€Г‹ZВ¬В» () .s ,Гѓ{YВЃВЌZ//zВёГ‹Y ГЃ .[ ,Г‰|//ВјfВ В» ,.Вќ ,ГѓZ//ВђВџ Г„/ВџГ‚ВјnВ» { .ВЃ{ Г‰Z/ГЊ]M Г„В°^/В‹ Г„/qZaВ®Г‹ВЂГЊВЈ ГЃ Г„qZaВ®Г‹ ГЉВ“YY Г‰ZГЊ]M |ГЊГ†/В‹ ГѓZВґ/ВЊВїY{ ,ГЉВЊВ°Г…ВЃ ГЃ Г‰ZГЊ]M Г‰ZГ…Г„В°^В‹ dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» ГЉВёВ» ВЉГ‹ZВјГ… cГ“ZВ¬В» . dВЊГ†^Г‹{Y ГЉВ·Y ,[M В№Г‚ВёВџ ГЉВ‡|ГЂГ†В» Гѓ|В°ВЊВїY{ ,ВЃYГ‚Г…Y ВЅYВЂВјq ВѕГЊ/В·ГЃY cГ“Z/В¬В» Г„/ВџГ‚ВјnВ» .Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ [M Г„/ГЂГЊГ†] ВҐВЂВђВ» () .Вќ ,ГЉВ‹ВЂВ§ ,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ [M Г„ГЂГЊГ†] ВҐВЂВђВ» ГЃ ГЉВЊВ°Г…ВЃ ,Г‰ZГЊ]M Г‰ZГ…Г„В°^В‹ ГЉВ‡ВЂ] ВЉГ‹ZВјГ… .- Вћ]Z/ГЂВ» dГЊВ /В“ГЃ ГЉВ‡ВЂ] () .В№ ,ГЉВјГ‹ВЂВЇ ГЃ .Y ,ГЉВїZyВѕВ€vВ» ГЃ .ВҐ ,ГЉВЈГЃВЂВ§ ,[M В№Z/ГЊa Г„Г‹ВЂ/ВЊВї ,.ВЂ/ГЊyY Г‰Z/Г…ГЉВ·Z/В‡В®/ВЊy ГЉ/В— [YY{ {ГЃZВ€В§ Г„В¬В�ГЂВ» [M .-,() Вћ]Z/ГЂВ» ВЅ{Г‚/ВјВї ВћГ‹ZВ“ ГЃ ВҐYВЂВ‡Y ВЂ] ГЉВ‹ВЂВґВї () .ВЅ ,Г‰|ГЊu ГЃ .Вќ ,ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ \ГЊeВЂe Г„] ГЉmYВЂzfВ‡Y Г„ВЁВ·RВ» ВѕГ‹Y .dВ‡Y ВЃZГЊВї Г‰ВЂВґГ‹{ ВЉГ…ГЃВ„a Г„] ГЃГ‰{Z/Г†ВїВ¶/В»ZВџ ГЉ/ГЂВ Г‹ -ВµГЃY Г„/ВЁВ·RВ» .|Вї{Г‚] ГЉВџZВјfmYГЃГ‰{ZВђfВ«Y Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ[MГ„/ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В» ВЂ] ВЂiRВ» Г„ВЁВ·RВ» ВѕГ‹ВЂeВєГ†В» ГЉВїГ‚ВїZВ« ВЃYГ„//ВјГ‹ВЂm~//yY |//ГЂВїZВ» ГЉГ‹Z//Г…Г„//Г‹Г‚Ві В¶В»Z//В‹ Г„//ВЇ |//В‹ Г„fyZГЂ//В‹ ,[MГ‰Z/Г…ГѓZ/qГ‰ГЃГ‚fГЂВЇ\ВђВї,ВЃZnВ»ВЂГЊВЈВЅZВі|ГЂГЂВЇdВ‹Y{ВЂ] ГЃ cYГ‚ГЂВ«ГЉ]ГЃГ‰Г“ГЃsГ”ВЏY,ВЃZnВ»ВЂГЊВЈГ‰ZГ…ГѓZqВЅ{ВЂВЇ{ГЃ|В€В» .{Г‚] ГѓВЂГЊВЈ ВѕГЊ/]Г„/ВЇ{Y{ВЅZ/ВЊВїГЉВґf/В€^ВјГ…В¶/ГЊВёveВЃYВ¶ВЏZulГ‹ZfВїВѕГЊГЂrВјГ… Z/]ГЉВїГ‚ВїZ/В«ГЃГ‰{Z/Г†ВїВ¶/В»ZВџГЉГЂВ Г‹-Гѓ|В‹ГЉГ‹ZВ‡ZГЂВ‹В¶В»ZВџВѕГ‹ВЂeВєГ†В» {Г‚/mГЃГ‰Y{ГЉ/ГЂВ В»Г„В�]Y|ВЏ{tВ�В‡{[MГ„ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» ГЃ{Вѕ/Г‹YВѕГЊ]Г„ВЇdВЁВіВЅYГ‚eГЉВ»|ВЏ{ВµZВјfuYГ„]ГЉГЂВ Г‹-{Y{ {Y{{Г‚/mГЃГ‰Y{ГЉ/ГЂВ В»Г„В�]Y[MГ„ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»tВ�В‡ГЃВЂГЊВ¤fВ» Г„/ВЇГ‰{YВЂ/В§YГЉ/nГ‹ГЃВЂeГ‰Z/Г…В…Г”/ВЇ{dВЇВЂВ‹ВЂГЊВ¤fВ»ВѕГЊ]В‚ГЊВїГЃ ВЅYВ‚/ГЊВ»ВѕГЊ/ГЂГЊrВјГ…ГЃ|ВїYГ„fВ§ВЂВіYВЂВ«ГЉnГ‹ГЃВЂeГ‰ZГ…В‰ВЃГ‚В»Mdve tВ�/В‡{[MГ„/ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|/В»tВ�/В‡ГЃГ‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇcZ/ВїZВ°В»Y Y{ГЉ/ГЂВ В»Г„В�]YГ„]Г„mГ‚eZ]{Y{{Г‚mГЃГ‰Y{ГЉГЂВ В»Г„В�]Y|ВЏ{ [MГ„//ГЂГЊГ†]dГ‹ВЂГ‹|//В»ГЃГЉ//nГ‹ГЃВЂeГ‰Z//Г…В…Г”//ВЇ{dВЇВЂ//В‹ВѕГЊ//] Z/e|/]ZГ‹ВЉГ‹YВ‚/В§YZ/Г…В…Г”ВЇВѕГ‹YВЅYВ‚ГЊВ»Г„ВЇ{Г‚ВјВї{ZГ†ГЂВЊГЊaВЅYГ‚eГЉВ» {{ВЂВіВЅZГ‹ZВјВїВЂeВЉГЊ]ВЅMГ‰Y~ВіВЂГЊiPe dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В»ВЂ]ВЂiRВ»В¶В»YГ‚Вџ Г„] ГЉВјfВ€ГЊВ‡ Г‰|Г‹{ Z] ВЂВіY ВЂВґГ‹{ ГЉВ§ВЂВ— ВЃY ,{Г‚/В‹Г„/fyY{ВЂa Г„/В В·ZВ�В» {Г‚/В» Г„/В¬В�ГЂВ» {Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ[MГ„ГЂГЊГ†] -|ГЂf/В€Г…В–êВЂ/В»ВЂВґГ‹|/В°Г‹Г„/]В¶/В»YГ‚ВџВѕ/Г‹Y Г„ВЇ {{ВЂВіГЉВ»Гѓ|Г…ZВЊВ» cГ‚/ВЏГ„/]ГЃВЂВґГ‹|/В°Г‹ВЃY Y|/mYZГ…ВЅMВЅYГ‚eГЉВјВїГ„ВЇГ‰Г‚В—Г„] {Г„/ВЇГ‚/В—ВЅZВјГ…В…ZВ‡YВѕГ‹YВЂ]{Y{YВЂВ«Г„В В·ZВ�В»{Г‚В»Г„ВїZВіY|m ГЃГ‰{Z/Г†ВїВ¶/В»ZВџ,|/В‹Гѓ{Y{ВЅZ/ВЊВїВЉГЊ/aГ‰Z/Г…ВЉz]Г‰ZГ…Y{Г‚ВјВї В¶/В»ZВџВЂ/]В‚/ГЊВїВЅMГЃВЅYВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇВЉ/ВїY{ГЃГЉ/ГЂВ§В¶/В»ZВџВЂ/]ГЉВїГ‚ВїZВ« Вѕ/Г‹YГЃd/В‡YY~/ВіВЂГЊiPeГЉВџZ/ВјfmYВ¶/В»ZВџВЂ]В‚ГЊВїВЅMГЃГ‰{ZВђfВ«Y Г‰Г‚В—Г„]-|ВїY~ВіГЉВ»ВЂГЊiPeВєГ…ВЂ]В¶В°ГЊВ‡В®Г‹cГ‚ВЏГ„]В¶В»YГ‚Вџ Г„/ВџГ‚ВјnВ» .Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ [M ВЅ{Г‚/ВјВї ВҐВЂ/ВђВ» ГЃ |/ГЊВ·Г‚e В¶/uYВЂВ» { Г‚ВЊВЇ [M ,Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇГ‰ZГ…dГЊВ·ZВ В§ВЃYВ¶ВЏZu|В»M{{Г‚^Г†]Z]ВµZjВ»Г‰YВЂ]Г„ВЇ ГѓZВґ/ВЊВїY{ ,Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ Гѓ|В°/ВЊВїY{ ,~] ГЃ ВµZГ†Вї Г„ГЊГ†e ГЃ sГ”ВЏY cZВ¬ГЊВ¬ve Г„В€В‡RВ» {ВѕГ‹Г‚ВїГ‰ZГ…В‰ГЃВЃYГѓ{ZВЁfВ‡YГЃГ„ГЂГЊГ†]ВҐВЂВђВ»ВЂ]{Г‚yГ„]Г‚ВїГ„]В‚ГЊВї ,Г‰ВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ cГ“Г‚/ВђvВ» cZВ Г‹Z/В“ ГЉ/В‡ВЂ] ГЉ/ВёВ» ВЉГ‹Z/ВјГ… ВѕГЊf/В€zВї cГ“Z/В¬В» ВЅMГЃ{Y~/ВіГЉВ»ВЂiYВЅYВЃГЃZВЊВЇГ‰{ZВђfВ«YdГЊВ В“ГЃВЂ]В¶В»ZВџВѕГ‹Y . 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(07)- Autumn 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD В‚ГЊГ‹Za,(ГЉaZГЊa,)ГѓZВјВ‹,В№ГЃ{ВµZВ‡ Г„В В‡Г‚eГЃ[MВћ]ZГЂВ»ГЉВёГЊВёveГЉВЊГ…ГЃВ„aГЉВёВёВјВ·YВѕГЊ]Г„В»ZГЂВёВђВ§ .В№ ,Гѓ{YВЃВµГ”/m ГЃ .s ,Г‰|/ВјvВ» |/uГ‚В» ,.s ,ГЉ/ВјВ§ ГЉВёВ ВїZ^В /В‹ ,.В… ,Г‰ВЃ{Г‚Ві ВЅYВЃГЃZ/ВЊВЇ ВY{Y ВЂ/] Y~/ВіВЂГЊiPe Г‰YГ„/В§ВЂu ГЃ Г‰{ВЂ/В§ В¶В»YГ‚Вџ ГЉВ‡ВЂ] () ГЃ {ZВђfВ«Y Г„Г‹ВЂВЊВї .Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ [M dГ‹ВЂГ‹|В» cГ”В°ВЊВ» Г„] d^В€Вї kВЂВЇ ВЅZfВ‡ВЂГ†В‹ .- ,) ,(Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ ВћГ‹ZГЂВЏ ГЃ В№Г‚ВёВџ) Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ Г„В В‡Г‚e Г‰Z/Г…Г„В°^/В‹ ВЃY Г‰{Y|/В e { Г‰Z/ГЊ]M Гѓ{ВЃZ] ГЉ]ZГ‹ВЃY () .Гѓ ,ГЉВјВ‡ZВ¬В·YГ‚]YВЂГЊВ» ГЉ/ВЊВ°Г…ВЃ ГЃ Г‰Z/ГЊ]M Г‰ZГ…Г„fГЊВјВЇ ZГЂГЊВјВ‡ ВѕГЊВјfВЁГ… cГ“ZВ¬В» Г„ВџГ‚ВјnВ» .ВЅYВЂГ‹Y ГЉfГЂВ‡ :dГ‹Z///////В‡ { В…ВЂf//////В‡{ В¶//////]ZВ« , ГѓZВј///////В‹ Г„//////В·ZВ¬В» ,ВЅYВЂ//////Г‹Y .http://www.irncid.org/seminars/7.htm Г„/ВёnВ» .ВЅYВЂГ‹Y Г‰ВЃГЃZВЊВЇ { Г‰Y|Г‹Za Г„В·PВ€В» () .В‰ ,Г‰|Г…YВЃ ГЃ .ВЎ ,ГЉВЁnВї .-,() ,ВЅYВЂГ‹Y ГЉВ‡ZГЂВ‹Г„В В»Zm Amiri Ardakanei, M. & Zamanei, G. H. 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Conference on Interactional Agricultural Research for Development University of Bonn, Oct. 11-13. International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development (IBWRD), Vol. (II)вЂ“ No. (04)- S.N. (07)- Autumn 2014 All rights reserved for IBWRD