2011 1.pdf - Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet

ISSN 1512-6994
D
EFEKTOLOGIJA
Defectology
Časopis za defektološka,
pedagoško-psihološka i sociomedicinska pitanja teorije i
prakse rada sa djecom,
omladinom i odraslim osobama
ometenim u razvoju
Journal of defectology,
Defektologija 2011; 17 (1): 1-83
educational-psychological and
socio-medical issues of theory
and practice of work with
children, youth and adults with
development disorders
IZDAVAČKI SAVJET ČASOPISA / INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD
prof.dr.sc. Behlul Brestovci (Sveučilište u Zagrebu), prof.dr.sc. Fuad Brkić (Univerzitet u Tuzli),
prof.dr.sc. Andrea Canevaro (Italija), prof.dr.sc. Carolyn Wiles Higdon (The University of Mississippi),
prof.dr.sc. Berit Johnsen (University of Oslo), prof.dr.sc. Milko Mejovšek (Sveučilište u Zagrebu),
prof.dr.sc. Mira Oberman-Babić (Sveučilište u Zagrebu),
prof.dr.sc. Borislav Petrović (Univerzitet u Sarajevu), prof.dr. sc.Nevzeta Salihović (Univerzitet u Tuzli),
prof.dr.sc. Dževdet Sarajlić (Univerzitet u Tuzli), prof.dr.sc. Osman Sinanović (Univerzitet u Tuzli),
prof.dr.sc. Mujo Slatina (Univerzitet u Sarajevu), prof.dr.sc. Husref Tahirović (Univerzitet u Tuzli),
prof.dr.sc. Sadeta Zečić (Univerzitet u Tuzli)
REDAKCIJSKI ODBOR / EDITORIAL BOARD
prof.dr.sc. Fuad Brkić, prof.dr.sc. Behija Ćišić, doc.dr.sc. Mirela Duranović,
dr.sc. Zamir Mrkonjić, doc.dr.sc. Husnija Hasanbegović, doc.dr.sc. Fata Ibralić,
doc.dr.sc. Ranko Kovačević, prof.dr.sc.Nevzeta Salihović, prof.dr.sc. Dževdet Sarajlić,
doc.dr.sc. Mirzeta Suljkić, doc.dr.sc. Ruža Tomić, doc.dr.sc. Medina Vantić-Tajić
GLAVNI UREDNIK / EDITOR IN CHIEF
prof.dr.sc. Dževdet Sarajlić
(e-mail: [email protected])
IZVRŠNI UREDNIK / EXECUTIVE EDITOR
prof.dr.sc. Nevzeta Salihović
IZDAVAČ / PUBLISHER
Univerzitet u Tuzli, Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet/ University of Tuzla, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation
Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet, Univerzitetska br. 1, 75000,Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
Kontakt osoba/ Contact person: dr.sc. Alma Huremović, e-mail: [email protected], tel.: +387 35 320 665; fax: +387 35 320 660
Copyright © 2011, University of Tuzla
ŠTAMPA / PRINT
Ulica Otokara Keršovanija 116, 75000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
Tel/Fax: +387 35 282 022
e-mail: [email protected]
Časopis izlazi dva puta u godini / The Journal is published twice a year
Štampano na beskiselinskom papiru / Printed on acid-free paper
Časopis je indeksiran u Index Copernicus (www.indexcopernicus.com) /
Journal is indexed in Index Copernicus (www.indexcopernicus.com)
Časopis DEFEKTOLOGIJA je upisan u evidenciju javnih glasila Ministarstva obrazovanja, nauke, kulture i sporta RBiH broj 08-265-4/95 (20.05.1995.)/
Registration at Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport RBiH No. 08-265-4/95 (20.05.1995.)
Datum štampanja / Date of print
Juni 2011. / June 2011.
Tiraž / Circulation
100
DEFEKTOLOGIJA / DEFECTOLOGY
GODINA 2011 / VOLUMEN 17 / BROJ 1
YEAR 2011 / VOLUME 17/ No 1
SADRŽAJ / CONTENTS
LEARNING GAMES AND THE FUTURE OF LITERACY ASSESSMENTS FOR THE DYSLEXIA
INDIVIDUAL
1
Ian SMYTHE
INTERVENTION STRATEGIES FOR CHILDREN WITH FLUENCY DISORDERS IN LITHUANIA
7
Darius GERULAITIS, Vilma MAKAUSKIENE, Regina IVOSKUVIENE, Daiva KAIRIENE
PREVALENCA TEŠKOĆA ČITANJA U DJECE OSNOVNOŠKOLSKE DOBI
PREVALENCE OF READING DISABILITIES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN
12
Mirela DURANOVIĆ, Amela IBRAHIMAGIĆ, Jasmina BAJRAMOVIĆ, Nermin TOROMANOVIĆ
AKUSTIČKA ANALIZA GLASA KOD PARCIJALNIH LARINGEKTOMIJA
ACOUSTIC VOICE ANALYSIS AT PARTIAL LARYNGECTOMY
17
Mila BUNIJEVAC, Mirjana PETROVIĆ–LAZIĆ, Siniša MAKSIMOVIĆ
POREMEĆAJI PRILAGOĐAVANJA U ADOLESCENCIJI
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER IN ADOLESCENCE
21
Vesna ŽUNIĆ-PAVLOVIĆ, Ranko KOVAČEVIĆ, Meliha BIJEDIĆ
INDIVIDUALNO/KLINIČKI FAKTORI RIZIKA NASILNIČKOG PONAŠANJA UČENIKA OSNOVNIH I SREDNJIH
ŠKOLA
INDIVIDUAL/CLINICAL FACTORS OF VIOLENT BEHAVIOR OF STUDENTS IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
SCHOOLS
26
Edin MUFTIĆ, Lejla KURALIĆ-ĆIŠIĆ
POVEZANOST STAVOVA O OBRASCIMA PONAŠANJA U SOCIJALNIM SUKOBIMA S RAZINAMA
POREMEĆAJA U PONAŠANJU KOD ADOLESCENATA
RELATIONSHIP OF ATTITUDES ABOUT PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL CONFLICTS WITH THE
LEVELS OF BEHAVIORAL DESORDERS IN ADOLESCENTS
30
Nataša VLAH, Edina VEJO, Meliha BIJEDIĆ, Edin MUFTIĆ
PROCESSES OF SOCIAL INCLUSION IN LITHUANIAN NGO’s FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
RELATIONSHIP OF ATTITUDES ABOUT PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL CONFLICTS WITH
THE LEVELS OF BEHAVIORAL DESORDERS IN ADOLESCENTS
35
Darius GERULAITIS, Liuda RADZEVIČIENĖ, Benas GUDINAVIČIUS
POVEZANOST STAVOVA O OBRASCIMA PONAŠANJA U SOCIJALNIM SUKOBIMA S RAZINAMA
POREMEĆAJA U PONAŠANJU KOD ADOLESCENATA
RELATIONSHIP OF ATTITUDES ABOUT PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL CONFLICTS WITH THE
LEVELS OF BEHAVIORAL DESORDERS IN ADOLESCENTS
41
Alma DIZDAREVIĆ, Milena NIKOLIĆ, Medina VANTIĆ-TANJIĆ, Bahira DEMIROVIĆ, Zinaida ČOLIĆ ĆATIĆ, Arnela BOROVAC-BEKAJ
STAVOVI O DRUŠTVENOM STATUSU GLUHIH U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
ATTITUDES ABOUT THE SOCIAL STATUS OF THE DEAF IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
49
Sadik AHMETOVIĆ
UČESTALOST DEFICITA PAŽNJE I HIPERAKTIVNOG POREMEĆAJA KOD GLUHE I NAGLUHE DJECE
FREQUENCY OF ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER WITHIN CHILDREN AFFECTED BY
HEARING DISABILITY
53
Meliha POVLAKIĆ HADŽIEFENDIĆ, Elvira ČEKIĆ
SPOLNA DISTRIBUCIJA AFAZIJA NAKON MOŽDANOG UDARA
THE FREQUENCY OF APHASIC DISORDERS AFTER A STROKE
Jasmina KLEBIĆ, Nevzeta SALIHOVIĆ, Aida ŠEHANOVIĆ, Rusmir SOFTIĆ
57
VRSTA I UČESTALOST INFEKCIJA U DJECE SA PRIMARNIM IMUNODEFICIJENCIJAMA
TYPE AND FREQUENCE OF INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN WITH PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENSES
62
Belkisa ČOLIĆ-HADŽIĆ, Maida JAHIĆ, Almira ĆOSIĆKIĆ
DENTALNI STRAH, DENTALNA ANKSIOZNOST I FOBIJA: BIHEVIORALNI PRISTUP
DENTAL FEAR, DENTAL ANXIETY AND PHOBIA: BEHAVIORAL APPROACH
67
Pavla RAKOVEC, Nurka PRANJIĆ
UTJECAJ KIRURŠKE PROCEDURE NA EMOTIVNO SOCIJALNI RAZVOJ DJETETA
THE INFLUENCE OF SURGERY PROCEDURE ON THE EMOTIOSOCYAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD
72
Elvira KONJIĆ, Nada MLADINA, Devleta HADŽIĆ, Belkisa HADŽIĆ-ČOLIĆ
UTICAJ FIZIKALNE TERAPIJE NA PROMJENU INTENZITETA BOLA, JUTARNJE UKOČENOSTI I
FUNKCONALNE SPOSOBNOSTI U BOLESNIKA SA REUMATOIDNIM ARTRITISOM
THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY ON CHANGES IN PAIN INTENSITY, MORNING STIFFNESS AND
FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Šahza KIKANOVIĆ, Nedima KAPIDŽIĆ-BAŠIĆ, Asja HOTIĆ-HADŽIEFENDIĆ,Dževad DŽANANOVIĆ
78
LEARNING GAMES AND THE FUTURE OF LITERACY ASSESSMENTS
FOR THE DYSLEXIA INDIVIDUAL
Ian SMYTHE
School of Education, University of Wales Newport, UK
34 Collingwood Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM1 2RZ, United Kingdom
Stručni rad
Proffesional articles
Rad primljen / Received: 03.05.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 01.06.2011.
ABSTRACT
Testing for dyslexia traditionally uses one-to-one testing methods to identify those with difficulties and provide an
outline of their learning needs. A shortage of assessors, costs and a reluctance to accept reports means that support is, at
best, variable. This paper outline an alternative process that, through re-alignment of the objectives will provide a fairer,
quicker, cheaper alternative which will not only enable the needs of all dyslexic individual to be identified but also to
provide a motivating environment that combines assessment with the learning process.
Key words: dyslexia, testing, alternative process.
INTERVENTION STRATEGIES FOR CHILDREN
WITH FLUENCY DISORDERS IN LITHUANIA
Darius GERULAITIS, Vilma MAKAUSKIENE, Regina IVOSKUVIENE, Daiva KAIRIENE
Siauliai University
Visinskio st. 25, Siauliai, Lithuania
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 18.03.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 12.05.2011.
ABSTRACT
The paper presents theoretical and empirical analysis of features typical for the children with fluent speech disorders on
the data of the survey of speech therapists (N=101) in Lithuania. The research also reveals distinctive features between
stuttering and cluttering. On the basis of the authentic research data, the intervention strategies of speech therapy, by
including school and family community members in the education process of children with fluent speech disorders, are
reflected upon.
Key words: cluttering, stuttering, fluent speech disorders, speech therapy.
PREVALENCA TEŠKOĆA ČITANJA U DJECE OSNOVNOŠKOLSKE DOBI
PREVALENCE OF READING DISABILITIES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN
Mirela DURANOVIĆ1, Amela IBRAHIMAGIĆ1, Jasmina BAJRAMOVIĆ2,
Nermin TOROMANOVIĆ3
1
Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet, Univerzitet u Tuzli
Univerzitetska 1, 75000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
2
BOSNAFARM d.o.o. Tuzla
Albina Herljevića 14, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
3
JZU Dom zdravlja Cazin
Indire Pjanić 28, 77220, Cazin, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 20.04.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 20.05.2011.
APSTRAKT
Istraživanje je provedeno s ciljem da se utvrdi prevalenca teškoća čitanja u djece koja pohađaju redovnu osnovnu školu.
Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 1364 djece od trećeg do sedmog razreda. Za procjenu sposobnosti čitanja korišten je
Jednominutni ispit glasnog čitanja (Furlan, 1965) i Lista sa serijama riječi za ispitivanje čitanja (Matanović-Mamužić1982). Na osnovu dobivenih rezultata možemo zaključiti da prevalenca teškoća čitanja iznosi 3.23%, te da su teškoće
učestalije kod učenika muškog spola.
Ključne riječi: teškoće čitanja, prevalenca.
ABSTRACT
This research has been made with aim to establish prevalence of reading disabilities in children from regular elementary
schools. A study was carried out on a group of 1364 children from third to seventh grade. One minute test of reading
aloud (Furlan, 1965) and List with the series of word for testing reading (Matanović-Mamužić-1982) were used for
evaluation of reading ability. On the basis of the results we can conclude that prevalence of reading disabilities
Matanović-Mamužić-1982) is 3.23%, and that this disability is more frequent in male students.
Key words: reading disabilities, prevalence.
AKUSTIČKA ANALIZA GLASA KOD PARCIJALNIH LARINGEKTOMIJA
ACOUSTIC VOICE ANALYSIS AT PARTIAL LARYNGECTOMY
Mila BUNIJEVAC1, Mirjana PETROVIĆ–LAZIĆ2, Siniša MAKSIMOVIĆ3
KBC „Zvezdara”, ORL klinika
Dimitrija Tucovica 161, 11 000 Beograd, Srbija
2
Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Univerzitet u Beograd
Visokog Stevana 2, 11 000 Beograd, Srbija
3
Opšta bolnica „Sveti Vračevi”
Srpske vojske 53, 76 300 Bijeljina, Bosna i Hercegovina
1
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 31.03.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 27.05.2011.
APSTRAKT
Cilj istraživanja je bio da se izvrši analiza akustičke strukture vokala (e) pre i posle vokalne terapije glasa kod ispitanika
sa parcijalnom laringektomijom i da se proveri da li je tromesečna vokalna terapija dala zadovoljavajuće rezultate u
popravljanju akustičke strukture glasa. Primenom kompjuterske multidimenzionalne analize glasa biće omogućena
kvantitativna verifikacija uspeha vokalne terapije. Ova analiza ima za cilj da obezbedi objektivne podatke i služi kao
podrška subjektivnoj proceni glasa. Omogućava komparaciju podataka i koristi se kao pomoć dijagnostici i
rehabilitaciji.
Ključne riječi: akustička analiza, glas, parcijalna laringektomija.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to analyse acoustic voice structure of vowel (e) before and after vocal therapy in patients with
partial laryngectomy, as well as to see whether a three-month therapy gave satisfying results in improving acoustic voice
structure. The Quantitative verification of vocal therapy success will be possible by the use of multidimensional computer
voice analysis. The aim of this analysis is to gather objective information and to support subjective voice assessment. It
enables comparing and contrasting the data and it is used to help with diagnostics and rehabilitation.
Key words: acoustic analysis, voice, partial laryngectomy.
POREMEĆAJI PRILAGOĐAVANJA U ADOLESCENCIJI
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER IN ADOLESCENCE
Vesna ŽUNIĆ-PAVLOVIĆ1, Ranko KOVAČEVIĆ2, Meliha BIJEDIĆ2
1
Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Univerzitet u Beogradu
Visokog Stevana 2, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
2
Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet, Univerzitet u Tuzli
Univerzitetska 1, 75000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 12.04.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 05.05.2010.
APSTRAKT
Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati prilagođenost adolescenata kako bi se utvrdile kritične oblasti na koje bi se moglo
pravovremeno djelovati. Istraživanje je provedeno u deset srednjih škola na području općine Tuzla, na uzorku od 829
ispitanika oba spola. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno po jedno odjeljenje od I do IV razreda. Za procjenu prilagođenosti
adolescenata primijenjen je instrument RAASI (Reynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Inventory) kojim se
procjenjuju eksternalizirani i internalizirani problemi (antisocijalno ponašanje, problemi kontrole bijesa, emocionalne
teškoće, nivo samopoštovanja i socijalna inhibicija). Podaci su obrađeni pomoću SPSS paketa 16.0, korištena je
deskriptivna statistika i t-test. Hipoteza kojom smo pretpostavili da će se adolescenti razlikovati u manifestiranju
problema prilagođavanja u odnosu na spol je potvrđena. Između ispitanika različitog spola otkrivene su statistički
značajne razlike u skorovima na dvije podskale. U odnosu na dječake, djevojčice su imale veće skorove na skali koja
mjeri emocionalne teškoće i manje skorove na skali koja mjeri antisocijalno ponašanje. Rad upućuje na potrebu za
kvalitetnim socijalnopedagoškim dijagnosticiranjem kako bi se utvrdile i prepoznale potrebe i područja za
prognoziranje, projekciju i planiranje intervencija u cilju preveniranja socijalne isključenosti mladih.
Ključne riječi: procjena, prilagođenost, adolescenti, spol.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to examine the adjustment of adolescents to determine the critical areas that could be time to
act. The study was conducted in ten secondary schools in the municipality of Tuzla, on a sample of 829 respondents of
both sexes. The sample was covered by a one division from I to IV grade. To assess adolescents' adaptation applied
instrument RAASI (Reynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Inventory), this evaluated and outsourced internalised
problems (antisocial behaviour, anger control problems, emotional difficulties, self-esteem and social inhibition). Data
were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 package, was used statistic descriptive and t-test. The hypothesis that we have
assumed that the adolescent different manifesting adjustment problems in relation to sex were confirmed. Between
subjects of different sexes were detected statistically significant differences in the two score of subscale. Compared to
boys, girls had higher scores on a scale that measures emotional problems and lower scores on a scale that measure
antisocial behaviour. Work suggests the need for quality socio-pedagogical diagnosis in order to determine and identify
needs and areas of forecasting, projection and planning of interventions aimed at prevention of social exclusion of young
people.
Key words: assesment, adjustment, adolescents, sex
INDIVIDUALNO/KLINIČKI FAKTORI RIZIKA NASILNIČKOG
PONAŠANJA UČENIKA OSNOVNIH I SREDNJIH ŠKOLA
INDIVIDUAL/CLINICAL FACTORS OF VIOLENT BEHAVIOR OF STUDENTS IN
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Edin MUFTIĆ, Lejla KURALIĆ-ĆIŠIĆ
Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet, Univerzitet u Tuzli
Univerzitetska 1, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 18.05.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 02.06.2011.
APSTRAKT
Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi nivo faktora rizika i sagledati postojanje razlika individualno/kliničkih faktora rizika učenika
osnovnih i srednjih škola. Ovim istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 1209 učenika osnovnih i srednjih škola na području 5
kantona Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine uzrasta 13-17 godina. Analizom rezultata su utvrđeni nivoi
individualno/kliničkih faktora rizika učenika osnovnih i srednjih škola kao i postojanje razlike u odnosu na uzrast.
Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da su učenici srednjoškolskog uzrasta u višem nivou rizika od učenika
osnovnoškolskog uzrasta. Ovi učenici više konzumiraju alkohol, probali su drogu i imaju pozitivnije stavove prema
osobama koje koriste drogu, teže kontrolišu ljutnju.
Ključne riječi: nasilje, rizični faktori, procjena rizika
ABSTRACT
The research aims to determine the level of risk factors and examine the existence of individual differences / clinical risk
factors for primary and secondary schools. This survey included 1209 students in elementary and secondary schools in
the five cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, ages 13-17 years. The analysis results were determined
levels of individual / clinical risk factors for primary and secondary schools as well as the existence of differences in
relation to age. Survey results showed that students of secondary school age are in higher risk levels of primary school
pupils. These students consumed more alcohol, tried drugs and have more positive attitudes towards people who use
drugs more difficult to control anger.
Keywords: violence, risk factors, risk assessment
POVEZANOST STAVOVA O OBRASCIMA PONAŠANJA U SOCIJALNIM
SUKOBIMA S RAZINAMA POREMEĆAJA U PONAŠANJU
KOD ADOLESCENATA
RELATIONSHIP OF ATTITUDES ABOUT PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL
CONFLICTS WITH THE LEVELS OF BEHAVIORAL DESORDERS
IN ADOLESCENTS
Nataša VLAH1, Edina VEJO2, Meliha BIJEDIĆ3, Edin MUFTIĆ3
Učiteljski fakultet, Sveučilište u Rijeci
Slavka Krautzeka bb, 51 000 Rijeka, Republika Hrvatska
2
Islamski pedagoški fakultet, Univerzitet u Zenici
Fakultetska 3, 72 000 Zenica, Bosna i Hercegovina
3
Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet, Univerzitet u Tuzli
Univerzitetska 1, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
1
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 31.05.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 07.06.2011.
APSTRAKT
Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi povezanost između razina poremećaja u ponašanju adolescenata i njihovih stavova prema
obrascima ponašanju u socijalnim sukobima. Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 489 učenika Srednje obrtničke škole u Zenici.
Podaci su prikupljani školske 2009./2010. godine. U obradi podataka je pored deskriptivne statistike provedena
univarijatna analiza varijance i dvije diskriminacijske analize. Rezultati su pokazali da adolescenti koji su prepoznati od
svojih razrednika kao rizični, imaju društveno najnepoželjnije stavove o obrascima ponašanja u socijalnim sukobima.
Dobiveni rezultati su korisni za planiranje specifičnih oblika prevencije razvoja poremećaja u ponašanju. Ta se
specifičnost ogleda u učenju o socijalnim sukobima.
Ključne riječi: socijalni sukobi, obrasci ponašanja, razine poremećaja u ponašanju, adolescenti
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between levels of behavioral disorders in adolescents and their
attitudes toward behavior patterns in social conflicts. The sample consisted of 489 students of Trade high school in
Zenica. Data were collected in 2009/2010 school year. The data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics,
univariate analysis of variance and two discriminant analysis. The results showed that adolescents who are identified by
their teacher as a risk, has most unsuitable social attitudes about the behavior patterns in social conflicts. The results
obtained are useful for planning the development of specific forms of prevention of behavioral disorders. This specificity
is reflected in learning about social conflicts.
Key words: social conflict, patterns of behavior, levels of behavioral disorders, adolescents.
PROCESSES OF SOCIAL INCLUSION IN LITHUANIAN NGO’s FOR
PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
Darius GERULAITIS, Liuda RADZEVIČIENĖ, Benas GUDINAVIČIUS
Siauliai University, Lithuania
Visinskio st. 25, Siauliai, Lithuania
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 12.04.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 25.05.2011.
ABSTRACT
Non – governmental organizations are not just reinforcing the sense of sociality, but also permit to develop for the
more universal inherent rights and abilities of a person: to extend the experience of a society while communicating with
the disabled, to create a social wealth with educational activities not for yourself but also and for others. The aim of a
research is to reveal the principles of a social inclusion of disabled but also and to reveal the assumptions in NGO's
activities in Lithuania. The social model instead of a physical disability (also people that are treated as „problematic
ones'“) failings suggested to identify the barriers that are socially contrasting in society (when people are facing
difficulties). It was set up that one assumption of a successful activity of NGO is the ability of disabled to cooperate that
is also determined by peculiarities and motives of inter-communication of disabled, that encourages people for general
activity. By the research there found factors that encourages and relieves the cooperation of disabled: the content of
NGO's activities and social openness and preparation to collaborate of NGO's members that are participating.
Key words: NGO's for people with disabilities, social inclusion, socioeducational activities
EVALUACIJA INKLUZIVNOG OBRAZOVANJE
DJECE S POSEBNIM POTREBAMA
EVALUATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
Alma DIZDAREVIĆ1, Milena NIKOLIĆ1, Medina VANTIĆ-TANJIĆ1,
Bahira DEMIROVIĆ2, Zinaida ČOLIĆ ĆATIĆ3, Arnela BOROVAC-BEKAJ4
1
Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet, Univerzitet u Tuzli
Univerzitetska 1, 75000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
2
Zavod za specijalno obrazovanje i odgoj djece „Mjedenica“ Sarajevo
Mjedenica 34, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina
3
JU OŠ Tušanj Tuzla
Ulica Pašage Mandžića 33, 75000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
4
OŠ Skender Kulenović
Bulevar Mimar Sinana bb, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 01.05.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 30.06.2011.
APSTRAKT
Cilj ovog istraživanja jeste da se izvrši evaluacija inkluzivnog obrazovanja djece s posebnim potrebama kroz procjenu
akademske kompetencije, zatim kroz aktivnosti osiguranja podrške djeci s posebnim potrebama u odnosu na uvjete
obrazovanja, sa pretpostavkom da djeca sa posebnim potrebama koja se školuju u inkluzivnom obrazovanju postižu
veći nivo akademske kompetencije. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 80-ero djece s posebnim potrebama, oba pola,
kalendarskog uzrasta od 8 do 13 godina. Akademska kompetencija učenika sa posebnim potrebama ispitana je
primjenom Dijagnostičke baterija za procjenu (akademskih) postignuća, Inventara za procjenu školske motivacije i
strategija učenja i Skale adaptivnog ponašanja AAMD-II dio. Provedeno istraživanje je bilo u osnovi eksperimentalno,
uz primjenu metode teorijske analize. Na kraju I polugodišta školske 2007./2008. godine identificirano je 40 učenika
sa posebnim potrebama u redovnim školama na području Opštine Tuzla i grada Sarajevo, koji su imali potrebu za
kreiranjem i pisanjem IEP. Nakon toga formiran je uzorak od 40 učenika sa posebnim potrebama u specijalnom
obrazovanju. Uzorci su bili izjednačeni s obzirom na spol, dob i sa obzirom na kategoriju teškoće u razvoju. Možemo
reći da prezentirani rezultati analize varijanse na svim varijablama istraživanja između dvije grupe ispitanika ukazuje da
su kreirani i implementirani IEP za učenike sa posebnim potrebama u inkluzivnom obrazovanju doveli do značajnog
unapređenja njihove akademske kompetencije. Akademska kompetencija kao dio opšte kompetentnosti u procesu
učenja i usvajanja znanja, formiranja pozitivnih stavova i vrijednosti i socijalno prihvatljivog ponašanja preduvjet je
uspješne inkluzije u obrazovanju i jedna je od glavnih pretpostavki socijalnog uključivanja u odrasloj dobi.
Ključne riječi: evaluacija, inkluzivno obrazovanje, djeca s posebnim potrebama.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this research is the evaluation of inclusive education of children with special needs through assessment of
their academic competence, through activities of providing support to children with special needs in relation to
requirements of education, with the assumption that children with special needs, who are educated in inclusive
education, achieve a higher level academic competence. The study included 80 children with special needs, both sexes,
ages of 8-13 years. Academic skills of students with special needs were examined using the Diagnostic Achievement
Battery 3, School Motivation and Learning Strategies Inventory and AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scales-Part II. Research
was conducted on experimental basis, using methods of theoretical analysis. At the end of the school semester
2007/2008 it where identified 40 students with special needs in mainstream schools in the area of Tuzla and Sarajevo,
who had a needs for creating and writing IEP. After that it was formed the sample of 40 students with special needs in
special education. The samples were matched with regard to gender, age, and with regard to the category of disability
We can say that the presented results of analysis of variance on all variables of the research between two groups of
respondents indicating that designed and implemented IEPs for students with special needs in inclusive education have
led to significant improvement of their academic competence. Academic competence as part of a general competence in
the process of learning and acquiring knowledge, forming positive attitudes and values, and socially acceptable behavior
is a prerequisite for successful inclusion in education and is one of the major assumptions of social inclusion in
adulthood.
Key words: evaluation, inclusive education, children with special needs.
STAVOVI O DRUŠTVENOM STATUSU GLUHIH U
BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
ATTITUDES ABOUT THE SOCIAL STATUS OF THE DEAF IN
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Sadik AHMETOVIĆ
Vijeće ministara Bosne i Hercegovine, Ministarstvo sigurnosti Bosne i Hercegovine
Trg BiH 1, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 11.02.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 21.04.2011.
APSTRAKT
U radu je prikazano istraživanje stavova o društvenom statusu gluhih u Bosni i Hercegovini. Primijenjen je uzorak od
211 ispitanika, podijeljenih u dva subuzorka, od kojih je prvi subuzorak činilo 105 osoba oštećena sluha, a drugi 106
čujućih ispitanika. Za ispitivanje je korištena anketa, gdje su se ispitanici, potvrdno ili odrično, izjasnili na postavljene
tvrdnje. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da čujuće osobe imaju pozitivne stavove o društvenom statusu gluhih. Iako su
se njihovi odgovori skoro podjednako raspršili na tvrdnju o društvenom položaju gluhih, oni u većem procentu smatraju
da su gluhe osobe jednako društveno prihvatljive kao i čujuće. Za razliku od njih, osobe oštećena sluha imaju suprotne
stavove. U velikom procentu se izjašnjavaju da gluhe osobe ne mogu imati isti društveni položaj kao čujuće, niti su
jednako društveno prihvatljive. Rezultati Hi-kvadrat testa na primijenjene varijable pokazuju da su razlike u
odgovorima dva subuzorka statistički značajne. Neusaglašeni stavovi subuzoraka i negativni odgovori osoba oštećena
sluha mogu biti indikator objektivno lošeg društvenog statusa gluhih. Zbog toga je neophodno, na osnovu egzaktnih
pokazatelja o učinkovitosti edukacije i profesionalne rehabilitacije ovih osoba, utvrditi stvarno stanje, te ako se ove
indicije potvrde, razviti strategiju za poduzimanje stručnih aktivnosti koje bi doprinijele poboljšanju njihovog
društvenog statusa.
Ključne riječi: gluhe osobe, društveni status, profesionalna rehabilitacija.
ABSTRACT
The paper presents a study of attitudes about the social status of the deaf in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sample of 211
subjects is used, which was further divided into two subsamples, of which the first subsample consisted of 105 persons
with hearing impairment and another 106 hearing subjects. For this experiment we used surveys/questioner to which
responders could reply positively or negatively. The results showed that hearing people have positive attitudes about the
social status of the deaf. Although their responses are almost unanimously scattered to the claim on the social status of
the deaf, those in the higher percentage believe that deaf people are as socially acceptable as hearing. Unlike them, the
hearing impaired have opposing views. Hearing impaired have in a large percentage stated that deaf person do not have
the same social status as a hearing, nor are they are equally socially acceptable. Results of chi-square test applied to the
variables indicate that the differences in the responses two samples statistically significant. Not harmonized positions of
subsamples and negative responses of people with hearing problems can be an objective indicator of poor social status
of the deaf. Therefore, there is a necessity, on the basis of precise indicators on the effectiveness of education and
professional rehabilitation of these persons, to determine the actual situation, and if these indications are confirmed, to
develop a strategy for undertaking professional activities that would contribute to improving their social status.
Key words: deaf, social status, occupational rehabilitation.
UČESTALOST DEFICITA PAŽNJE I HIPERAKTIVNOG POREMEĆAJA
KOD GLUHE I NAGLUHE DJECE
FREQUENCY OF ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
WITHIN CHILDREN AFFECTED BY HEARING DISABILITY
Meliha POVLAKIĆ HADŽIEFENDIĆ, Elvira ČEKIĆ
Centar za slušnu i govornu rehabilitaciju Sarajevo
Asima Ferhatovića br. 2, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 04.05.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 09.06.2011.
APSTRAKT
Deficit pažnje/hiperaktivni poremećaj (ADHD) je razvojni poremećaj koji se manifestuje nepažnjom, hiperaktivnošću i
impulzivnošću. Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su: ispitati učestalost ADHD sindroma kod gluhe i nagluhe djece, zatim
ispitati da li postoje razlike u učestalosti ADHD sindroma kod gluhe i nagluhe djece, u odnosu na spol; u odnosu na dob
i u odnosu na stupanj oštećenja sluha. Istraživanje je obuhvatalo 82 ispitanika oštećena sluha uzrasta do 14 godina, koji
pohađaju odgojno-obrazovni proces u Sarajevu i Tuzli. Deficit pažnje/hiperaktivni poremećaj utvrđen je u 14 (17%)
gluhe i nagluhe djece. ADHD poremećaj je češći kod dječaka oštećena sluha (19.1%) nego djevojčica (14.3%), ali ta
razlika nije statistički značajna. Postoji statistički značajna razlika u učestalosti ADHD-a kod ispitanika u odnosu na
dob (p<0.001.). Učestalost je veća u skupini ispitanika od 3-7 godina (53.3%), za razliku od skupine ispitanika od 7-14
godina (9%). Statistički značajna razlika nije pronađena u učestalosti ADHD-a u odnosu na stupanj oštećenja.
Učestalost ADHD-a u skupini gluhih učenika iznosi 10.6%, dok u skupini nagluhih učenika, učestalost je 25.7%.
Ključne riječi: deficit pažnje, hiperaktivnost, impulzivnost, oštećenje sluha
ABSTRACT
Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder that is manifested by lack of attention,
hyperactivity and impulsiveness. The objectives of this study were: to examine the frequency of ADHD within children
affected by hearing disability, to examine whether there are differences in the frequency of ADHD syndrome within
children affected by hearing disability, in relation to sex, in relation to age and in relation to degree of hearing loss. The
survey included 82 students affected by hearing disability under the age of 14 years, attending the educational process in
Sarajevo and Tuzla. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder was found in 14 (17%) children affected by hearing loss.
ADHD is more frequent among boys affected by hearing disability (19.1%), than among girls (14.3%), but this difference
was not statistically significant. The study confirmed that there is a statistically significant difference in the frequency of
ADHD among subjects in relation to the age (p<0.001.). The frequency is higher in the group of subjects under the age of
3-7 (53.3%), in the contrary to the group of subjects 7-14 (9%). There is a not statistically significant difference found in
the frequency of ADHD in relation to the degree of the hearing impairment. The prevalence of ADHD among the group of
deaf students is 10.6%, while it is 25.7% in the group of partly deaf students involved in the study.
Key words: attention deficit, hyperactivity, impulsiveness, hearing impairment
SPOLNA DISTRIBUCIJA AFAZIJA NAKON MOŽDANOG UDARA
THE FREQUENCY OF APHASIC DISORDERS AFTER A STROKE
Jasmina KLEBIĆ1, Nevzeta SALIHOVIĆ1, Aida ŠEHANOVIĆ2, Rusmir SOFTIĆ3
1
Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet, Univerzitet u Tuzli
Univerzitetska 1, 75000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
2
Javna zdravstvena ustanova Univerzitetski klinički centar Tuzla, Klinika za neurologiju
Trnovac bb, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
2
Javna zdravstvena ustanova Univerzitetski klinički centar Tuzla, Klinika za psihijatriju
Trnovac bb, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 12.05.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 10.06.2011.
APSTRAKT
Afazija zahvata više ili manje razara sve razine jezičke sposobnosti oduzimajući čovjeku sposobnost verbalnog
komuniciranja sa okolinom. Cilj ovog rada je bio utvrditi učestalost afazičnih poremećaja neposredno i nakon godinu
dana od moždanog udara (MU) u odnosu na spol. Istraživanje je retrospektivno-prospektivno i obavljeno je u Klinici za
neurologiju u periodu od 01.01.2006 god. do 31.12.2006 god. Ispitivani su pacijenti sa afazijom nakon prvog MU.
Pacijenti su testirani od strane logopeda pomoću Internacionalnog testa za afazije, neposredno na prijemu i godinu dana
nakon MU. Od 72 ispitanika sa afazijom, 35 (48.61%) je muških, a 37 (51.38%) ženskih pacijenata. Godinu dana nakon
MU 20 (27.7%) pacijenata je umrlo, od toga 7 (18.9%) žena i 13 (37.1%) muškaraca. Nije bilo statistički značajne
razlike u prosječnoj životnoj dobi pacijenata sa afazijom u odnosu na spol (p=0.2). U odnosu na tip MU afazija je bila
najučestalija kod ishemijskog MU (88.9%) i to uz veću učestalost kod žena, ali bez statistički značajne razlike
(51.3%:48.6%, p=0.5). Pri prijemu kod žena najučestalija je bila Brocaova (27%), globalna (27%) i anomička (21.60%)
afazija uz statistički značajnu razliku u učestalosti (p<0.001). Nakon godinu dana najučestalija je bila anomička (36.7%)
i Brocaova (16.7%) afazija uz statistički značajnu razliku u učestalosti (p=0.001). Pri prijemu kod muškaraca
najučestalija je bila Brocaova (40%), globalna (31.4%) i anomička (20%) afazija uz statistički značajnu razliku u
učestalosti (p=0.001). Na kontrolnom pregledu najučestalija je bila Brocaova (36.4%), anomička (31.8%) i konduktivna
(13.6%) afazija uz statistički značajnu razliku u učestalosti (p=0.06). Spol značajno ne utiče na učestalost tipa afazičnih
poremećaja nakon moždanog udara. Najučestaliji tipovi afazičnih poremećaja neposredno nakon MU i kod žena i kod
muškaraca su Brocaova i globalna afazija. Godinu dana nakon MU kod žena je najučestalija anomička i Brocaova
afazija, a kod muškaraca Brocaova i anomička afazija.
Ključne riječi: afazija, moždani udar, spol, ishod afazije
ABSTRACT
Aphasia destroys all levels of language competence and thus deprives patients of the ability to communicate verbally.
This research has been made with aim to determine the frequency of aphasic disorders immediately and one year after a
stroke with regard to sex. The research is retrospective - prospective and was performed at the Neurology Clinics in the
period January 1, 2006 - December 31,2006. The patients with aphasia acquired after the first stroke were tested. The
patients were tested by a speech therapist and International Test for Aphasias was used. They were tested immediately
when admitted and one year after the stroke. Out of 72 patients with aphasia, 35 (48,61%) were males, and 37 (51,38%)
were females. One year following the stroke 20 (27,7%) patients died, out of which 7 (18.9%) were females and 13
(37.1%) were males. There was no statistical difference in average age of the patients with aphasia with regard to sex
(p=0.2). With regard to the type of stroke the aphasia was the most frequent at ischemic stroke (88,9%) and with the
higher frequency at women, but with no statistically significant difference (51.3%:48.6%, p=0.5). At admission, Broca's
aphasia (27%), global aphasia (27%) and anomic (21.60%) aphasia were the most frequent at women with the
statistically significant difference in frequency (p<0.001). One year after, the most frequent were anomic aphasia
(36.7%) and Broca's aphasia (16.7%) with the statistically significant difference in frequency (p=0.001). At admission,
Broca's aphasia (40%), global aphasia (31.4%) and anomic (20%) aphasia were the most frequent at men with the
statistically significant difference in frequency (p=0.001). At the check-up the most frequent were Broca's aphasia
(36.4%),anomic aphasia (31.8%) and conduction aphasia (13.6%) with the statistically significant difference in frequency
(p=0.06). Sex does not have a significant influence on the type of aphasic disorder following a stroke. The most frequent
types of aphasic disorders immediately after a stroke at both women and men are Broca's aphasia and global aphasia.
One year after a stroke the most frequent aphasia at women is Broca's aphasia, and at men the most frequent aphasias
are Broca's aphasia and anomic aphasia.
Key words: aphasia, stroke, sex, outcome of aphasia
VRSTA I UČESTALOST INFEKCIJA U DJECE SA
PRIMARNIM IMUNODEFICIJENCIJAMA
TYPE AND FREQUENCE OF INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN WITH
PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENSES
Belkisa ČOLIĆ-HADŽIĆ, Maida JAHIĆ, Almira ĆOSIĆKIĆ
Klinika za dječije bolesti, Univerzitetski klinički centar Tuzla,
Trnovac bb, 75000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 10.03.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 25.05.2011.
APSTRAKT
Cilj rada je bio da se ukaže na specifičnosti infektivnog agensa, intenziteta i frekvence infekcija u djece sa primarnim
imunodeficijencijama. Materijal i metode Studija je retrospektivno-prospektivno, rađena u periodu od 01.01.l997. do
31.12.2007 godine, provedena na Klinici za dječije bolesti Univerzitetsko kliničkog centra Tuzla. Rezultati opisana su
53 pacijenta, oba spola, dobi od 1 mjeseca do 12.7 godina života. Poremećaj nespecifične humoralne imunosti (deficit
C3 komplementa) zabilježen je u 5 (9.3%) pacijenata. Ponavljane infekcije kože sa sepsom (Staphylococcus aureus),
dijagnostikovana je u 3, a u 2 pacijenta je dijagnostikovan meninigitis izazvan sa Neisseria meningitidis. Poremećaj
specifične imunosti imalo je 48 (90.7%) pacijena; sa poremećajem celularne imunosti 1 (1.9%) pacijent, u kojeg su
dominantni simptomi infekcije vezani za sistemsku kandidijazu i CMV, sa teškim tokom i po život opasnim
ponavljanim infekcijama respiratornog i gastrointestinalnog trakta. Poremećaj humoralne imunosti imalo je 47/53
(88.8%) djece. Sa agamaglobulinimejom bilo je 2/47 (3.8%) djece. Hemokulturom i ostalim mikrobiološkim
pretragama izolovani su Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobakter species, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, a zahvaćen je
respiratorni sistem sa sinusitisom, recidivirajućim upalama i abscesom pluća. Selektivnu IgA imunodeficijenciju imalo
je 32/47 (60.4%) djece, a od uzročnika izolovani su Klebsiella spp.u 64.3%, Proteus mirabilis 27,6% i Rotta virus u
8.1% pacijenata. U Hiper IgE sindromu u 7/47 (13.2%) pacijenata dominirale su infekcije respiratornog trakta i kože, a
uzročnici su bili bakterije i virusi (Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobakter species, Pseudomaona aeroginosa i
Cytomegalovirosis (CMV). Hiper IgM sindrom 3/47 (5.7%) i selektivnu IgM imunodeficijenciju imalo je 3/47 (5.7%)
pacijenata, a vrsta i lokalizacija infekcija su bili kao u ostalih poremećaja humoralne imunosti. Ishod liječenja ovisio je
o vrsti imunološkog poremećaja, vrsti patogena, dobu djeteta i prethodnim infekcijama.
Ključne riječi: infekcije, primarne imunodeficijencije, djeca
ABSTRACT
The goal of the study was to indicate on the specificities of an infective agens, intensity and frequency of infection in
children with primary immunodeficiency’s. The study was retrospectively-prospectively conducted in period from
01.01.2007. to 31.12.2007. at The Clinic for Children's Diseases of the University Clinical Center Tuzla. 53 patients have
been described, both sexes, and with the age from 1 month to 12.7 months of life. The deficit of C3 complement was
noted in 5 (9.3%) patients. Repeated skin infections with sepsis (Staphylococcus aureus) in a way of clinical
manifestation, was diagnosed in 3 patients, while in 2 patients we diagnosed meningitis caused by Neisseria
meningitidis. Disorder of cellular immunity was diagnosed in 1 (1.9%) patient, with dominant symptoms of infection
related to the systemic candidiasis and CMV, with heavy process and life threatening, dangerous, repeated infections of
respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Disorder of humoral immunity was diagnosed in 47 (88.8%) children. There were 2
(3.8%) children with agammaglobulinemia. Using the hemoculture and other microbiological searches and tests, we have
isolated Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while the respiratory system was
caught by sinusitis, recidivous inflammations and lung abscess. 32 (60.4%) children had selective IgA immunodeficiency,
and among the causative agents we have isolated Klebsiella enterobacteria in 64.3% patients, Proteus mirabilis in 27.6%
patients and Rotta virus in 8.1 patients. In hyper IgA syndrome, 7 (13.2%) patients had dominant infections of respiratory
tract and skin, and causative agents were the following bacteries and viruses (Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter
species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Cytomegalovirosis (CMV). In hyper IgM syndrome 3 (5.7%) patients, and
selective IgM immunodeficiency 3 (5.7%) patients, type and the infection localization were the same as in the other
disorders of humoral immunity. The result of a treatment depended on the type of immunological disorder, the type of
pathogen, the age of a child and previous infections.
Key words: Infections, Primary immunodeficiencies, children.
DENTALNI STRAH, DENTALNA ANKSIOZNOST I FOBIJA:
BIHEVIORALNI PRISTUP
DENTAL FEAR, DENTAL ANXIETY AND PHOBIA: BEHAVIORAL APPROACH
Pavla RAKOVEC1, Nurka PRANJIĆ2
Stomatološka služba, Dom zdravlja Tuzla sa poliklinikom Mustafa Šehović
Albina Herljevića 1, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
2
Katedra za medicinu rada, Medicinski fakultet, Univerzitet u Tuzli
Univerzitetska 1, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
1
Stručni rad
Proffesional articles
Rad primljen / Received: 29.04.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 26.05.2011.
APSTRAKT
Novija medicinska literatura ukazuje na važnost dentalnog straha, anksioznog poremećaja ili fobije u stomatološkom
tretmanu. Brojni pacijenti iskuse strah i anksioznost prilikom posjete stomatologu. Cilj je ukazati na bihevioralni pristup
problemu dentalnog straha, dentalne anksioznosti i dentalne fobije. Metoda istraživanja bila je komparativna analiza
prethodno publikovanih rezultata vezanih sa sličnom problematikom. Dentalni strah, dentalna anksioznost i fobija ne
podrazumijevaju isti fenomen. Oni su efekat psihološkog stresa koji je pokrenut kliničkim okruženjem i posljedičnom
neugodom povezanom sa stomatološkim tretmanom ili nekim njegovim fazama. Presudno utiču na postizanje kvalitetne
stomatološke zaštite i oralnog zdravlja pacijenta. Etiološki, dentalna anksioznost u stresogenim situacijama kao što je
stomatološki tretman raste zbog straha od bola ili nelagode. Ona raste i u iščekivanje predstojećeg stomatološkog
tretmana zbog prethodnih iskustava, te pokreće akutnu reakciju na stres ili retraumatsku reakciju na stres sa psihičkim i
somatskim manifestacijama. Postoje i uspješno se primjenjuju različite bihevioralne i farmakološke tehnike u
savladavanju dentalnog straha.
Ključne riječi: dentalni strah, stres, anksioznost, bihevioralne tehnike
ABSTRACT
Recent medical literature emphasizes the importance of dental fear, anxiety disorder or phobia in dental treatment. Many
patients experience fear and anxiety during dental visits. The goal is to highlight a behavioral approach to the problem of
dental fear, dental anxiety and dental phobia. The research method applied was a comparative analysis of previously
published results with similar problems. Dental fear, dental anxiety and phobia do not imply the same phenomenon. They
are effects of psychological stress, which is caused by the clinical environment and consequent discomfort associated
with dental treatment or some of its stages. They affect the crucial achievement of the quality of dental care and oral
health of the patient. Etiologically, dental anxiety in stressful situations including dental treatment is increasing because
of fear of pain or discomfort. It increases in anticipation of upcoming dental treatment because of previous experiences,
and runs an acute reaction to stress or re-traumatic reaction to stress with mental and somatic manifestations. A variety
of behavioral and pharmacological techniques to cope with dental fear exists and is being successfully implemented.
Key words: dental fear, stress, anxiety, behavioral techniques
UTJECAJ KIRURŠKE PROCEDURE NA
EMOTIVNO SOCIJALNI RAZVOJ DJETETA
THE INFLUENCE OF SURGERY PROCEDURE
ON THE EMOTIOSOCYAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD
Elvira KONJIĆ, Nada MLADINA, Devleta HADŽIĆ, Belkisa HADŽIĆ-ČOLIĆ
Javna zdravstvena ustanova Univerzitetski klinički centar Tuzla, Klinika za dječije bolesti
Trnovac bb, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 19.04.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 13.05.2011.
APSTRAKT
Svako dijete je individua za sebe i ima svoje reakcije u datoj situaciji. Psihodinamski promatrano, dijete misli, osjeća,
želi i fantazira. Sve to utječe na ponašanje. Unutrašnji život djeteta je veoma bogat i važan izvor njegove energije,
akcije i reakcije. Mnogi događaji izvana, iz okoline, utječu na ponašanje i mijenjaju ga. Ova studija prikazuje kako
kirurška procedura mijenja ponašanje djeteta. Frojd je dao podjelu psihičkog sistema: ID je organizirani dio psihičkog
aparata, prisutan je od samog rođenja, utkan u konstituciju osobe, smješten u našem nesvjesnom i predstavlja naše
nagone; EGO je svjesni dio naše ličnosti, naša percepcija, govor, motorika, učenje, memorija, rasuđivanje, akcija i naše
vrijeme; SUPEREGO se odnosi na naše moralne zahtjeve, zabrane društva i idealne težnje. To je naša savjest. Svi ovi
dijelovi našeg psihičkog sistema su u dinamičkoj ravnoteži u kojoj će biti i nakon vanjskih udara. Težnja je da se
uspostavi ravnoteža, koju postižemo najprije rasterećenjem stvorene napetosti, a kasnije njenim potiskivanjem. Ako to
ne uspije javlja se osjećaj opasnosti. Ova studija pokazuje kako kirurška trauma utječe psihički balans djeteta.
Ključne riječi: kirurška trauma, akutni stresni poremećaj, posttraumatski stres poremećaj, dijete
ABSTRACT
Each child is a separate individual and has own reactions in a given situation. Psycho-dynamically observed, child thinks,
feels, wants and fantasizes. All those things influence behavior. Inferior life of a child is very rich and important source of
they energy, action and reaction. Many outside events, events from surrounding influence that behavior and change it.
This study presents how surgery procedures change behavior of the child. Freud divided psychic system on: ID, which is
unorganized part of psychic apparatus and is present from birth and weaved in person's constitutions, placed in our
unconscious and represents our instinct; EGO is conscious part of our personality, our perception, speech, mobility,
learning, memory, reasoning, action and our time; SUPEREGO is related to our moral demands, society prohibitions and
ideal striving. That is our conscience. All these parts of our psycho-system are dynamical balance, where they want to
stay even after outside attacks. Striving is to establish balance, which we achieve primarily, by unburdening of created
tension, and later by repressing it. If it is not successful, a feeling of danger is created. This study presents how a surgery
procedure influences on the balance psycho-system of the child.
Key words: surgery trauma, acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, child
UTICAJ FIZIKALNE TERAPIJE NA PROMJENU INTENZITETA BOLA,
JUTARNJE UKOČENOSTI I FUNKCONALNE SPOSOBNOSTI
U BOLESNIKA SA REUMATOIDNIM ARTRITISOM
THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY ON CHANGES IN PAIN INTENSITY,
MORNING STIFFNESS AND FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY
OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Šahza KIKANOVIĆ1, Nedima KAPIDŽIĆ-BAŠIĆ1, Asja HOTIĆ-HADŽIEFENDIĆ1,
Dževad DŽANANOVIĆ2
Univerzitetski klinički centar Tuzla, Klinika za fizikalnu medicinu i rehabilitaciju
Trnovac bb, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
2
Javna ustanova Dom zdravlja Tuzla, Poliklinika za fizikalnu medicinu i rehabilitaciju
Albina Herljevića 1, 75 000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
1
Originalan naučni rad
Original scientific articles
Rad primljen / Received: 12.04.2011.
Rad prihvaćen / Accepted: 05.06.2011.
APSTRAKT
Reumatoidni artritis (RA) karakteriše bol, jutarnja ukočenost i funkcionalna onesposobljenost. Cilj rada je utvrditi uticaj
fizikalne terapije na jutarnju ukočenost i jačinu bola kod bolesnika sa RA te povezanost ovih parametara sa
funkcionalnom sposobnošću. Istraživanje je bilo prospektivno, obuhvatilo je 80 bolesnika sa dijagnostikovanim RA koji
su liječeni u Klinici za fizikalnu medicinu i rehabilitaciju u Tuzli u periodu od januara 2008.godine do januara
2009.godine. Anamnezom i kliničkim pregledom je utvrđena dužina trajanja jutarnje ukočenosti (u minutama),
intenzitet boli (mjeren Visual Analog Scale-VAS), utvrđena je bolna osjetljivost zglobova (Ritchie artikularnim
indexom), a funkcionalna onesposobljenost je utvrđena sa Health Assessment Queestionnaire-HAQ. Fizikalna terapija
je trajala 4 sedmice u toku kojih su bolesnici imali 20 tretmana. Utvrđeno je signifikantno smanjenje boli (p<0.001),
bolne osjetljivosti zglobova (p<0.001), jutarnje ukočenosti (p<0.001), funkcionalna sposobnost je poboljšana, prosječna
vrijednost HAQ-skora na prijemu je iznosila 2.10±0.48; a na otpustu 1.57±0.58. Bol i jutarnja ukočenost su značajno
(p<0.01) korelirale sa funkcionalnom sposobnošću. Određivanje jačine bola i jutarnje ukočenosti iako subjektivno
predstavlja značajne parametre koji daju uvid u aktivnost bolesti, a korelira sa funkcionalnom sposobnošću. Visoka
vrijednost bola i duža jutarnja ukočenost ukazuju na veći stepen funkcionalne onesposobljenosti. Procjenom ovih
parametara mogu se pratiti efekti terapije i sposobnost bolesnika u svakodnevnim aktivnostima.
Ključne riječi: rheumatoid arthritis, bol, jutarnja ukočenost, funkcionalna sposobnost.
ABSTRACT
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by pain, morning stiffness and functional disability. The aim of this study: to
establish the effects of physical therapy on morning stiffness and pain intensity of patients with RA, as well as the
correlation of these parameters with functional capacity. The research was prospective; it included 80 patients diagnosed
with RA who were treated at Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of the UKC Tuzla during the period from January 2008
to February 2009. Duration of morning stiffness (expressed in minutes) and pain intensity (measured by Visual Analog
Scale–VAS) was determined by anamnesis and clinical examination. Joint pain sensitivity was also determined,
measured by Ritchie Articular Index, as well as the functional capacity of the patients by using Health Assessment
Questionnaire–HAQ. Physical therapy lasted for 4 weeks, during which the patients had 20 treatments. There has been a
significant reduction in pain intensity (p<0.001), joint pain sensitivity (p<0.001), and morning stiffness (p<0.001).
Functional capacity of the patients was also improved; on admission, the average HAQ score value was 2,10±0,48, and
on discharge it was 1.57±0.58. Pain and morning stiffness correlated significantly (p<0.01) with functional capacity.
Although determining pain intensity and morning stiffness is highly subjective, it represents important parameters that
provide inside into disease activity, and it also correlates with functional capacity. High value of pain and longer morning
stiffness implicate higher level of functional disability. By the evaluation of these parameters, one can monitor the effects
of the therapy and the abilities of the patients in everyday actions.
Key words: rheumatoid arthritis, pain, morning stiffness, functional capacity.

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