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UPCOMING EVENTS
Pascal English Schools’
Hidden Talents’ Evening
April 16th, Friday @ 7:30pm
University of Cyprus in Nicosia,
Main campus auditorium
Everyone is invited to come support these students who are competing in a talent show against the other
Pascal schools. 15 acts will be showing their talents for 1st, 2nd and 3rd place prizes. Come enjoy the show
and cheer for your classmates!
Singers
Ioanna Georgihiadis 2A
Raphael Georgiou 4B
Gavriella Tsappi 1A
Dancers
Kristiana Chrysaphi 3E
Elizabeth Karagiorgi 5B
Irene Chrystodoulou 5A
Kallistheni Karoulla 5B
EUROPEAN YOUTH PARLIAMENT
8AM-7PM
Sunday March 28th in Nicosia @ the English School
Students participating:
Christiana Charalambous 6B
George Pericleous 6A
Yiannis A Kounnas 6B
Irene Christodoulou 5A
Kallistheni Karoulla 5B
Teachers Mentors:
Mr Elias Kamaratos
Mr Micheal Hielscher
Mrs Angela Apostolou
Mr George Georgiadis
Mrs Thekla Papastavrou
Activities
Team building
Conflict resolution
Communication skills
Problem solving
Committee work
Discuss issues ideas/issues
Brainstorm solutions organize plan to present
General assembly
Present solutions to group
OUR THEATRE
PRODUCTION
Note from the editor
Dear Reader,
Usually the P.E.S. year book opens with a prologue, a passage either a poem or
philosophical saying followed by an interpretation in the editor’s letter, connecting in
some-way the theme of the passage to scholastic life. This year we thought we would do
something a little different.
The observant reader will notice that the page assigned to the poem is simply an empty
page commencing with a repetitive series of full stops, alluding to a continuance, a new
beginning.... It is not for the editors to decipher and convey it’s meaning, but rather to
stimulate the reader’s own ability to ponder what is to follow.
For those that are graduating from P.E.S, it is a time to assess their abilities, ambitions
and motivations for the future. Some graduates will have to serve their country, others
will go off to higher education and others will simply take a break and live a little. For the
many that will remain, continuing their secondary education, it is a time to focus on the
importance of education.
However, it is not, as stated previously, dictum. What is to follow is in the hands of the
individual and not defined by a humble passage. The vastness of the unknown, far
over- shadows that which is known. Having stated this, whatever path is chosen by an
individual, have comfort in the belief that you have gained the knowledge and skills to
direct your own life.
It is time to write your own passage....
Julia Antoniou, IB2
Journey II—Random Distance
Dear Readers,
I look back at the academic year feeling very proud. I am proud of the academic
accomplishments of all of our pupils across the various school subjects that we offer
under the guidance of our dedicated teachers; International Awards for External
Examinations, prizes at various writing competitions—the list is endless. I am proud of
the very rich program of events offered. Our pupils travelled to Athens to visit the New
Acropolis Museum, they visited a vast number of destinations through our clubs and
they visited universities in the UK. I am proud of the accomplishments of our
athletes
that received a large number of medals in track and field and swimming Pancyprian
Competitions. Our U15 football team traveled to Dubai and returned with silver medals.
I am proud of all the assistance we offered to our local community; we provided needy
families with food baskets, assisted a young single mother and her baby to make a
brand new start and took part in fundraisers. I am proud of the university offers that our
Form 6 pupils received; they leave our school ready to excel in tertiary education.
TRIP TO ACROPOLIS MUSEUM
Seven years ago when we started our school, we had a vision of what kind of school we
wanted to set up. We wanted to create a warm, safe, quiet, happy environment where
young people could excel academically and socially. We make that vision reality on a
daily basis and as you read through this yearbook, you will get glimpses of all that I am
proud of.
I look forward to the next academic year with our new school facilities that will make our
school an even more exciting place to learn.
Despina Lioliou
Headmistress
Androulla Kakoulli, IB2
(Diptych)
“TRADITION AND BEYOND”
2ND SCHOOL EXCURSION
Our Second School Excursion,
took place on Wednesday 2nd
March. Form 1 and 2 visited
Koureion and Kolossi before
going to Governor’s Beach for
Lunch. Forms 3—5 went to
Saint Marina Activity Resort
where they had the opportunity
to try rock-climbing, horse-riding,
archery and much more. Form 6
went to the mountains where
they prepared their own “souvla”
and got to go on a hike.
STUDENT COUNCIL
2009-2010
The Staff of Pascal English School Larnaka
Student Council
Easter Games
CLASS PRESIDENTS
EXECUTIVE STUDENT COUNCIL
1A—Paris Zingis
1B—Andreas Fokas
1C—Antonis Siantanis
1D—Andreas Mouzouris
1E—Demetris Solomou
2A—Mariam Venizelou
2B—Stelios Savva
2C—Andrea Mavrolefterou
2D—Irene Michael
2E—Nicholas Psaras
3A—Chelsea Smith
3B—Rayana El-Baba
3C—Fivis Hadjimitsi
3D—Evgenios Mavri
3E—Yiannis Stylianou
4A—Zacharias Kavelis
4B—Kyriaki Hadjiconstanti
4C—Demetris Valiantis
4D—Nicholas Charalambous
5A—Pavlos Georgiou
5B—Kallistheni Karoulla
5C—Marios Karagiorgi
6A—George Pericleous
6B—Christian Charalambous
6C—Ioannis A Kounnas
PRESIDENT— Christian Charalambous
VICE-PRESIDENT—George Pericleous
STUDENT RELATIONS OFFICER— Ioannis Kounnas A
SECRETARY—Kallistheni Karoulla
TREASURER— Irene Christodoulou
MEMBER 1—Paris Zingis
MEMBER 2—Mariam Venizelou
MEMBER 3—Chelsea Smith
MEMBER 4—Nicholas Charalambous
1A
HONORARY MEMBERS
Constantinos Thouppos
Stephanie Diakou
Nicholas Panayi
Our Student Council proved to be very active this
year. Its members organized and promoted a
large plethora of events for Christmas,
Valentine’s Day and Easter. Furthermore, they
managed to raise 1700 Euros for a single mother
and her young 10 month old baby that was
starving.
Blood Donation 2010
President and Vice-President
Promoting Blood Donation
Front row from left: Constantia Papamarkou, Christina Thomaidou Pavlides, Soterios Panayi, Marios Hadjivassiliou,
Despina Lioliou, Costas Costa, Karen Michael, Elias Kamaratos.
Second row: Panny Theodoropoulou, Despina Kaittani, Maria Zingis, Rodoula Anastasiou, Antonis Antonopoulos,
Maria Evangelidou, George Klokkaris, George Georgiadis.
Third row: Panayiota Athanasiou, Martha Socratous, Stella Charalambous, Margarita Theodoulou, Lena Mahdessian,
Eliza Zervou, Anna Shippetaris.
Fourth row: Frangesca Frangou, Eleni Christodoulou, Michalis Ellinas, Christina Karaviotou, Maria Ioannou, Irene
Petrou, Angela Venizelou, Eleni Ioannou, Simon Phillips.
Fifth row: Evey Pistola, Ilianna Tsiapou, Panayiota Demetriou, Georgia Markadji, Thekla Papastavrou, Evanthia
Markides, Elpidoforos Anastasiou, Zena Alambriti, Susan Jordan, Maria Theofilou, Maria Anastasiou, Michael Hielscher,
Andreas Avraam, Maria Kimmitri.
Sixth row: Gregoris Demetriou, Andri Stavrou, Constantina Constantinou, Aspasia Manti, Angela Apostolou, Demos
Kaoullas, Christoforos Alexandrou, Petros Kimitris, Socratis Athanasiou.
Front row from left: Michalis Kavourides, Andreas Evgeniou, Marios Pavlou, Paris Zingis, Eliana Ioannidou,
Tasos Stavrou, Savanna Graham, Rafaella Nicolaidou.
Second row: Mr. Antonis Antonopoulos, Elliot Timm, Antonis Georgiou, Charlie Workman, Andreas Lemesios,
Nicole Georgiou, Anastasia Kappellou, Fiona Pasiadou, Gabriella Tsiappi, Ms. Aspasia Manti.
Third row: Anastasis Kakoullis, Maria Kangeli, Nicoletta Xydia, Natalie Redpath, Demetra Panayiotou, Danae
Palate.
TRIP TO UK
VISIT TO UNIVERSITIES
1B
Haunted towers, chilling weather and a lot of
foreigners, that is what I thought when people talked
of England. Not in my craziest dreams I would
imagine that I would fall in love with the place! Our
trip to England was absolutely fantastic! The weather
is not really as cold as you might think. On the
contrary I thought it was quite the “perfect weather” to
live in!
England is filled with wondrous places to visit! Full of
old, symmetrically identical buildings, land territories
of green, white and pink! The old towers, still
spreading the sense of the old majestic era. It was truly
a magic experience.
Front row from left: Sophia Charalambous, Georgia Elia, Eleni Georgiou, Nicole Costa, Georgos Pavlou,
Constantinos Xydias, Christos Trikomitis.
Second row: Mr. Antonis Antonopoulos, Rafaella Solomonidou, Marina Agathocleous, Kyriaki Mavrou, Stalo
Vassiliou, Andreas Solomonides, Chrysostomos Constantinou, Charalambos Frangou, Ms. Maria Anastasiou.
Third row: Maria Vassiliou, Maria Demetriou, Andria Hadjiyiannakou, Charis Karoullas, Andreas Fokas,
Constantinos Iasonides.
Fourth row: Barbara Paschali, Demetra Kavallari, Louisa Yiangou, Phillip Travkin.
To be honest we did not get much sightseeing
because that was not our original aim but still, even
that little peek we got enhanced me. The
universities were absolutely fantastic. Both students
and teachers were extremely friendly and sociable.
We have visited various types of Universities both
1C
in large cities but also in small towns. We were
taken on campus to see lecture rooms, classrooms,
libraries with awesome resources and study rooms.
One
of
our
major
concerns
which
were
accommodation has also been dealt with as we have
seen the rooms and halls of residence in all seven
Universities we visited.
Front row from left: Panayiota Foukkari, Kleopas Kleopa, Rafaella Spanou, Christos Zorpides, Panayiotis
Pirillos, Elena Alexandrou, Pantelitsa Stavrou.
Second row: Ms. Eleni Christodoulou, Elena Marangou, Anastasis Zinonos, Yiannis Papoulias, Constantinos
Zachariou, Costas Sampson, Alexandros Todirica, Panayiotis Christou, Mr. Antonis Antonopoulos.
Third row: Chrysanthi Shiantani, Eleni Karamanoli, Kalia Avraam, Iliana Kafatari, Nicoletta Sakka, Nicoletta
Vrikki, Georgia Foti, Kyriaki Kadi, Antonis Shiantanis.
Sausages for sale on Tsiknopempti
Mad Scientists at work!!
TRIP TO DUBAI
U15 FOOTBALL COMPETITION
1D
SPONSORED BY
A.THEODOROU DEVELOPERS
Team at airport with Sponsor
Mr. Estathiou
TRIP TO GREECE TO VISIT THE NEW
ACROPOLIS MUSEUM
There was a draw in the school yard for the trip to
Greece, where twenty-five students were drawn from
both the lower and upper school of which three were
runners-up. The aim of the excursion was to educate
and entertain both teachers and students. Woken up
early in the morning of departure, we arrived at the
New Airport of Larnaca at 6:45. When we saw each
other we started whispering and chattering and that
was the time the cameras turned on and we started
taking photos of silly things while we were spending
our time buying gifts and candies for our parents,
siblings, relatives, friends and ourselves because we
knew that this was a one-day excursion. and we wanted
to freeze time by taking photos. Soon it was time to
board the plane, we sat in our seats and then when we
were allowed to stand up, we all started changing seats,
sitting with our friends, playing with the food served,
and once again taking pictures. After our arrival in
Athens, we got on the bus and we winded our way
towards the Acropolis Museum. We finally arrived at
our destination. We got off the bus and we followed
the instructions given to us. We saw some statues of
both men and women and we were given a brief
description of how life was in the past. After
‘traveling’ that long way through the centuries we were
starving! Goody’s was right there waiting for us after
that long, but fun walk through the museum and
souvenir shop. Then we got on the bus again and we
arrived at the airport where we bought our last gifts
and where I forgot my jacket. Unfortunately we had to
return back to Cyprus but we really had a great time in
Athens, a beautiful city with great architecture and rich
culture.
Faviola Zimboulaki 5
Front row from left: Mr. Antonis Antonopoulos, Kyriaki Charalambous, Demetris Michael, Efthymia
Panayiotou, Eleni Alexandrou, Andreas Sophocleous, Anastasia Andronikou, Georgia Georgiou.
Second row: Andreas Mouzouris, Andrea Theodotou, Korina Kyriakou, Demetris Demetriou, Christos
Georgiou, Lenos Prodromou, Lazaros Kyriakou, Ms. Maria Ioannou.
Third row: Stavrinos Constantinou, Leonidas Solomondos, Georgos Kyriakou, Alexandros Efstathiou,
Alexandros Constantinides, Marina Philippou, Nayia Panayi.
1E
Our Champions return with
Silver Medals!!
Our Cheerleaders
Front row from left: Loizos Zinonos, Lazaros Markou, Thea Stavrinou, Maria Christou, Electra Pilides,
Stephanie Spyrou.
Second row: Marios Agathocleous, Marianna Anastasiou, Stylianos Markou, Demetris Solomou, Sophia
Koudelis, Savvas Perdios, Angelos Antoniou, Antonis Stavrou.
Third row: Mr. Antonis Antonopoulos, Constantina Charitonidou, Miranda Apostolou, Maria Pantziarou,
Christina Pilides, Kyriaki Vassiliou, Christiana Nikiforou, Ms. Elina Zervou.
Fourth row: Valentina Savva, Demetris Ioannou, Evros Petrides, Andreas Andreou, Nicolas Constantinou.
2A
Bake Sale
Cypriot Dancing
Front row from left: Ms. Irene Petrou, Eftychhia Xiourouppa, Charis Xiourouppa, Eleni Alambriti, Andreas
Economides, Ioanna Georgiadies, Mariam Venizelou, Andreas Stavrou, Mrs. Angela Venizelou.
Second row: Alexandrina Valeva, Michelle Michael, Stavroulla Antoniou Latouros, Curtis Graham, Antonis
Zakkeos, Giorgos Takkas, Constantinos Porfyriou.
Third row: Kyriaki Hadjiyiasemi, Chrystoforos Thoma, Michalis Xiourouppas, Theodoros Eracleous, Angeliki
Ourri, Zacharias Foka.
Fourth row: Stavri Hadjigeorgiou, Christiana Mitsidi, Marat Valeev, Rafael Matsangos, Charalambos Lappas,
Isabella Panayi, Vasiliki Athanasiou.
HOUSE ACTIVITIES
2009-2010
Karaoke, Socci, Cypriot
Traditions, Band Jamming
Grape Stomping
2B
Loukoumades for Sale
HOUSE CAPTAINS 2009-2010
Apollo—Theodoulos Hadjimatheou,Kyriaki Andreou
Artemis—Hessan Adnani, Eleni Andreou
Demetra—Iacovos Iacovou, Anna Zachariou
Poseidon—George Kyprianou, Julia Antoniou
Front row from left: Sophie Galvin, Lauren Leonti, Antonis Yiallouros, Nicholas Kemitzis, Alexandros
Pavlimbei, Panayiotis Kontos, Lina Francis.
Second row: Ms. Despina Kaittani, Kallia Nathanael, Anna Pashiourtidou, Loukia Liperi, Michalis Mavromatis,
Nicholas Panayi, Paraskevi Michael.
Third row: Joanna Papamichael, Alexandra Hadjikakou, Emma Ogden, Vasiliki Fouli, Yiannis Spanoudes,
Andreas Nicolaou.
Fourth row: Savvas Savva, Panayiotis Anastasiou, Stelios Savva, Miltos Solomou, Panayiotis Ppasias,
Antonis Siantanis.
HOUSE COMMITTEES
Apollo— Michael Hielscher, Susan Jordan
Artemis— Simon Phillips, Aspasia Manti
Demetra—Christoforos Alexandrou, Tina
Constantinou
Poseidon—Elpidoforos Anastasiou, Despina Kaittani
Socci Tournament
2C
Girls’ Basketball Team
First Aid Lesson
Front row from left: Fotoulla Malathoura, Kyriaki Stavrou, Elena Anastasiou, Evdokia Eleftheriou, Irene
Nicolaou, Melina Antoniou, Anna Pitta, Theodosis Charalambous, Andronicos Andronicou, Markos Markou.
Second row: Ms. Irene Petrou, Marina Kalli, Christina Thouppou, Andrea Mavrolefterou, Vicky Konnari,
Stavros Noni, George Mouzouris, Marios Themistocleous, George Papakyriacou, Yiannakis Savvides,
Mrs. Maria Zingis.
Third row: Michalis Nicolaou, Panayiotis Shiambelas, Petros Anastasi, Efthymia Konatzi, Constantinos
Hadjimatheou, Lefteris Sklavos, Theodoros Yiorkas, Andreas Charous, Maria Aresti.
2D
Helping those less fortunate at
Christmas
1ST SCHOOL EXCURSION
Our first school trip took place on Monday,
1st
December. Form 1 pupils relaxed at
Governor’s Beach before visiting the
archaeological site at Chirokitia whereas
Form 2 pupils went on the longer trip to
Agros and specifically to a local
sweet
-making workshop. Years 3 to 6 had fun
bowling at K-Cineplex in Larnaca and shopping at the Mall of Cyprus in Nicosia.
Valentine’s Day Activities
Front row from left: Ms. Irene Petrou, Theodora Kyprianou, Nicoletta Polydorou, Andrea Prastiti, Tonia
Yerolemou, Stella Kakoulli, Stephanie Loucaidou, Marios Kyriacou, Andreas Tsikkos, Mrs. Iliana Tsiapou.
Second row: Katerina Kyriakou, Natalie Loizou, Maria Moyseos, Maria Charalambous, Irene Michael,
Sotiris Alexandrou, Kyriakos Kounnas, Alexandros Nicolaides, Panayiotis Andreou.
Third row: Elina Andreou, Anna Nicolaou, Avgousta Papacosta, Moysis Papamoyseos, Christos Nicolaou,
Vasilis Christou, Georgos Nicolaides, Yiannis Koumi, Andreas Savva.
Effective Home Study
Presentation for Form 1
CAREER’S FAIR
The
Careers
Evening
involved pupils and parents
of years 3, 4 and 5,
teachers, and of course
professionals from a variety of fields.
OPTIONS/IB PROGRAMME
Curriculum options and the
IB
Programmed
were
analyzed and explained on
separate days in October
for Form 3 and 4 students
and parents.
Front row from left: Thanasis Panayi, Kyriaki Theodorou, Georgia Ioannou, Maria Marselli, Kalliopi
Athanasiou, Vasilis Vassiliou, Chrystodoulos Solomou, Kyriakos Christofides, Ms. Evanthia Markides.
Second row: Elena Patsalou, Gavriella Soteriou, Andria Eleftheriou, Elena Efraim, Chrystalla Maouri,
Kyriakos Spyrou.
Third row: Maria Georgiou, Constantinos Constantinou, Anastasia Isaak, Fotoulla Malathoura, Nicolas
Psaras, Demetris Demou, Demetris Christoforou, Constantinos Mallourides.
Overnight Trip for Form 2
to Ayia Napa
3A
Overnight Trip for Form 1 to
Agros
28th October Parade
Front row from left: Mr. George Klokkaris, Eamonn Jordan, Marina Panayiotou, George Sandler, Pailag
Tatarian, George Kazantzis, Andreas Andreou, George Kyriacou, Demetra Georgiou.
Second row: Achilleas Eftychiou, Stella Christou, Jennifer Joannou, Vasilia Koumandari, Stephanie
Porfyriou, Stella Petrou, Hayley Clark, Ben Timm, Ms. Andri Stavrou.
Third row: Stephania Marottou, Andreas Georgiou, Giorgos Iacovou, Varnavas Sisou, Andreas Stylianou,
Christodoulos Michael, Dickran Shadarevian, Stelios Petrou, Lida Ketsbaia, Chelsea Smith.
28TH OCTOBER CELEBRATIONS
As every year we celebrated the
Greek national holiday with choir
songs and inspirational speeches.
On the 28th selected students
successfully represented our
school in the parade.
Track and Field Day
Events’ Photo Gal-
2E
SOLAR CAR CLUB
3B
This year the PES Solar Car Club continued the solar
car project build that was started last year by Mr.
Neophytos Sophocleous and Dr. George Georgiadis.
At this time, the car is almost completed and minor
body work needs to be done in order the finish.
Following this it will be time to get out of school and
onto the racetrack for testing.
Due to unforeseen illness, Mr. Sophocleous has had to
stop teaching at our school in early October.
Nevertheless, his guidance and inspiration has allowed
Mr. Elias Kamaratos, Dr. George Georgiadis, and Mr.
Elpidoforos Anastasiou together with students of Form
6 to continue his vision. Since 1997 Mr. Sophocleous,
having had a long passion for photovoltaic technology,
has been working with his students on furthering
awareness of this renewable energy source in Cyprus
as it specifically applies to solar cars.
In honour and recognition of Mr. Sophocleous’
contribution not only to the solar car project but to the
Pascal (Larnaca) family in general, our car was renamed in February to “NEO 1”.
Front row from left: Mona Noorai, Sophia Tingis, Terpsi Georgiou, Eleni Costa, Rayana El-Baba,
Elena Zacharia, Yiannos Aristides, Sergis Nicolaou, Kleitos Mandritis.
Second row: Efstathios Efstathiou, Stavros Kasapis, Maria Lingi, Sophie Harris, Christina Kotsapas, Sergios
Demetriou, Chrysanthos Stavrou, Ms. Frangesca Frangou.
Third row: Despina Xiourouppa, Marianna Theodosi, Danae Zimboulaki, Anna Zonia, Andri Challouma,
Melinos Ambizas, Pantelis Xiourouppas, Nicholas Hadjittoouli, Andreas Papachristodoulou, George
Alexandrou, Costas Hadjikakou.
Constantia Marangou, IB2
“Busy People—Earth, People and Sky”
In late June 2010 “NEO 1” is due to take part in the first
ever Cyprus Solar Car Challenge organized by the
Cyprus Institute. The Challenge is an endurance race
to see which of the participants can make the most
rounds of the Daytona Go-Cart racetrack, all using the
same fully charged batteries, their solar panels and
their ingenuity.
3C
Whatever the outcome, and we are hopeful of making a
good appearance, we have all learnt from this
experience in more ways than one.
The NEO 1 Team
Savvia Iacovou, IB2
“The Mechanical Invasion of the Human Thought”
Front row from left: Andreas Adamou, Anna Loizou, Chrystalla Antoniou, Irene Athanasiou, Ellie Frangou,
Christina Kekkou, Haris Tofias.
Second row: Maria Sergi, Panayiota Ioannou, Eleni Ioakim, Vasilia Agathocleous, Theodoros Andreou,
Fivos Hadjimitsi, Ms. Lena Mahdessian.
Third row: Mr. George Klokkaris, Antonia Erotokritou, Minas Zachariou, Panayiotis Alexandrou, Constantinos
Pileides.
Fourth row: Christodoulos Georgiou, Timotheos Christoforou, Christos Marangos, Paschalis Paschali,
Vassilis Kyriacou, Petros Konomou.
HIKING CLUB
Footprints in Cyprus –
Historical Himes
3D
The aim of the Hiking Club
was twofold: to teach
students to enjoy the
beauty of nature in Cyprus,
while
simultaneously
visiting sites of geographical, cultural and historical
interest. It also aimed to give students a taste of the
expedition activity, if they chose to do the Duke of
Edinburgh Award.
Amongst other places, this year the club visited the
traditional craft village of Lefkara, climbed the mountain
to the monastery of Stavrovouni, saw the sea caves
and coast at Cavo Greko, and trekked from Panagia
tou Kambou church to the prehistoric settlement at
Choirokoitia.
TENNIS CLUB
Front row from left: Anastasis Kounnas, Evanthia Stavride, Pantelitsa Hadjiantoni, Maria Philippou,
Marisa Avraam, Vasia Parpouna, Ioanna Kyprianou, Irene Theodorou, Ms. Christina Karaviotou.
Second row: Ms. Panayiota Athanasiou, Antonis Koudelis, Charalambos Varnava, Constantina Pafiti,
Anna Skalioti, Panayiotis Panayiotou, Constantinos Kitsiou, Elias Ioannou, Constantinos Gregoriades.
Third row: Michalis Michael, Christos Amirotos, Andreas Marsellis, Demetris Matsoukas, Savvas Parperis,
Constantinos Savvides, Evgenios Mavri, Elias Evangelou.
The aim of the club was to introduce pupils to tennis
and to teach them to play correctly and understand the
game of tennis as well as to teach them some basic
techniques and strategies. In
the long run, we aspire to create a tennis club that can
compete with other schools.
PHOTOGRAPHY CLUB
3E
The photography club in Pascal English School
promoted interest in all aspects
of photography as an art form
accessible to all, and welcomed student members to enjoy photography at all
experience levels.
Our members had the opportunity to visit Finikoudes
beach in Larnaka and take photos of local people while
working, tourists while
shopping, people being in
cafes and people while walking on the beach. Moreover, students, on their second club day, were asked
to bring fashion clothes and get dressed to take pictures in various areas of the school, such as the
school yard, parking place and front entrance.
“Photography is an art in itself that brings about a
timeless jewel that is an epitome of perfection”. The
photography club looks forward to welcome new
members in the new academic year and share the
passion for photography.
Front row from left: Mr. George Klokkaris, Anastasis Michael, Eleni Anastasiou, Constantinos Ploutarchos,
Rafael Kanelis, Theodoros Theodorou, Eleni Kyriacou, Louisa Charalambous, Marina Fitiris, Elena
Papapanayiotou.
Second row: Aristodemos Christoforou, Maria Malathoura, Kyriaki Costi, Andreas Solomou, Kristiana
Chrysaphi, Demetris Hadjiconstantinou, Irineos Papouis, Ms. Maria Theofilou.
Third row: Maria Perdiou, Irene Adamou, Christina Pascali, Yiannis Stylianou, Demetris Kotsonias.
Fourth row: Irene Michael, Alexandra Hadjivassili, Andreas Kyriacou, Neoklis Neokleous, Andreas
Hadjiconstanti, Theofilos Christou, Markos Koutsakos.
SCUBA DIVING CLUB
The aim of the Scuba Club was to learn how to
adapt to the underwater world and how to set
up and use diving equipmen. They were also
taught the basic open water skills.
Scuba diving means rising (or sinking!) to new
challenges. It’s one of these rare activities that
deliver adrenaline and intensity or serenity and
peace. If you seek adventure you will find
plenty. If you love nature you will find plenty. If
you love nature, you’ve come to the right place.
If discovery drives you, welcome to inner space.
Vikings Diving Center, a great diving school,
was approached and all of the lessons were
held there. Students had both theoretical and
practical lessons. Needless to say the latter
was what they enjoyed most!!!!
The club had many interesting moments,
especially during practical skills. One of the
funniest was playing a game underwater,
where they had to throw projectiles at each
other!
4A
SAILING CLUB
THE JAMMING CLUB
The aim of this club was to introduce young
children to the
exciting sport of
sailing in a relatively
secure
environment.
We also focused
on
fostering
team
building
and
building
interpersonal
skills.
The Jamming club was the club for students who
had any musical talent. The club gave them the
opportunity to share their opinions regarding
different genres of music. Together they were given
the chance to play as a group and 'Jam', showing
their musical skills and extend their knowledge. The
Jamming club was another opportunity for choir
rehearsals for upcoming school celebrations. One
important lesson taught in the club was music
improvisation.
The students had the chance to sail boats on all
club days and overall they had a fantastic time as
this was a new experience for many of them.
Our club aimed at
teaching students how to
take care of the horses
and finally ride them. All
of the club days were
spent at Salt Lake Horse
Riding Club where the
beautiful scenery combined with Thalia's warm and
friendly character and made the whole experience
memorable!
THEATRE CLUB
The Theatre Club this
year gave the chance
to our
students to
get a taste of the
background
work
needed
to
put
together a theatrical
production, from make-up artists to workshops on
different techniques used by actors and directors.
The students had a great experience and took
precious memories with them home, memories
that will remain with them forever
MARTIAL ARTS CLUB
Larger than most, the Martial Arts Club went all
out this year, attending Sensei Mike’s ‘K.O
Combats Gym’ in Aradippou. Equipped with
numerous punching bags, weight sets, running
machines and an impressive Olympic sized ring,
Pascal students had the opportunity to train and
get a real taste of how athletes get to professional
standards.
We sweated our way
through various selfdefense techniques,
fitness drills and tactics with the guidance
of our
experienced
coach, Mike Prodromou.
We’d like to
hereby thank him for
his time, energy and facilities which he gave
generously, with no charge at all.
Students appreciated how much hard work,
discipline and commitment is necessary for martial
arts training, specifically in Thai Boxing and Judo.
Unique opportunities were given to students to
throw Club Leaders Mr Demos and Ms Despina
over their shoulders, which did not go wasted!
HORSE RIDING CLUB
Front row from left: Mrs. Panny Theodoropoulou, Alexandros Tingos, Michaella Gennadiou, Christina
Nichola, Andria Mosfili, Georgia Christodoulou, Constantinos Hadjichristou, Zacharias Stylianou.
Second row: Yiannis Apostolou, Georgia Malathoura, Christina Zachariou, Magdalena Flouri, Chrystalla
Havadjia, Maria Demetriou, Irene Kounna, Ms. Maria Evangelidou, Demetris Lappas.
Third row: Konstantin Kldiashvili, Yiannis Vassiliou, Petros Kysela, Papi Petrou, Georgos Orphanides,
Andreas Demetriou, Marios Manoli, Zacharias Kavelis.
THE MOSAICS CLUB
This year, the Mosaics
Club enjoyed time
creating works of art by
decorating
mirrors,
photo frames and tiles.
The outcome was truly commendable. There was a
visit to Helen’s Mosaic studio in Larnaca where the
basic tools and tiles were purchased and we hope
that by the end of the year each student will have
completed their chosen project.
4B
JEWELLERY MAKING CLUB
Diamonds are a girl’s best friend. Everyone knows
that and best of all, the girls in the Jewellery Making
Club!!! This year on our club days the girls made
wonderful
bracelets, beautiful necklaces, trendy
earrings, bookmarks and beautiful accessories for
their
mobiles. They
gained not only the
knowledge, but the
satisfaction as well, to
create
their
own
jewellery with their
own personal touch
and style. The girls’ creations proved that they enjoyed every minute of our meetings together. There
is more to come ladies!
Front row from left: George Kyprianou, Christina Sidorok, Rafael Georgiou, Despo Elia, Doinista Psara,
Michaella Savva, Chrystalla Kounna.
Second row: Ms. Evey Pistola, Lefteris Kleanthous, Katerina Christofi, Theodora Andronicou, Kyriaki
Hadjicosti, Behine Behnejad, Alexandra Shanina, Patricia David, Sophia Lambrou.
Third row: Ioannis Toumazou, Kirill Kldiashvili, Soteris Savva, Rafael Georgiou, Michalis Kyriakou, Michalis
Challoumas, Antonis Michael, Kyriakos Patsalos, Stavros Timotheou, Ms. Maria Evangelidou.
4C
Front row from left: Epiphanios Kounnas, Savina Assioti, Natalie Pouli, Rafaella Vassiliou, Christiana
Michael, Maria Charalambous, Danae Ellina.
Second row: Demetra Kostrikki, Savvas Alambritis, George Zourides, Chrystalla Pavlou, Marios Menelaou,
Michalis Pasialountas, Ms. Martha Socratous.
Third row: Ms. Maria Evangelidou, Anna Pavlou, Christiana Eftychiou, Demetris Valiantis, Alkaios Petrides,
Andreas Zachariou.
Fourth row: George Koumandaris, Georgos Panayiotou, Toumazos Charalambous, Constantinos Demetriou,
Socratis Manentzou.
4D
CHARITY CLUB
DANCE CLUB
The aim of our club was
to make students more
sensitive about issues
concerning our fellow
human beings.
To
encourage students to
offer love and support
and to accept other people who are in different
difficult situations. We
organised visits to various foundations and fund
raising events. Our activities were as follow:
Trip to the foundation of ‘Steliou Ioannou’
Making Christmas decoration
Visit to the hospital in Larnaka and the old age
home ‘Agios Georgios’
Making Easter Candles and sell them for
Charity purposes.
There was an overall benefit to all club members!
The aim of the
club
was
to
develop
the
dancing skills of
the students in
different types of
dances such as
Street
Dance,
Salsa, Latin, and
Greek dances. Students visited Mambo Dancing
School every club day. There, students had the
chance to learn the basic steps of the different
dances. On our last club day students voted which
dance they would like to learn better.
CYPRUS HERITAGE CLUB
Cyprus Heritage Club was the newly born club of
our school. The aim of the club was to give the
pupils a little “taste” of our culture by looking at
cultural and traditional aspects of Cyprus. Our first
visit was at Lefkara village where the students had
the chance to visit the handicraft museum. The
next visit was at Nicosia and Laiki Geitonia. Finally
we visited Mazotos and the new sculptural
museum. The club
had many interesting
moments
especially during
the tours. Overall,
we had a great
time!
ENVIRONMENTAL CLUB
Front row from left: Varvara Stavrou, Elena Papageorgiou, Nicoletta Eracleous, Georgia Sakka,
Andri Constantinou, Loukia Ioannou, Theodora Makri.
Second row: Ms. Maria Evangelidou, Rafaella Kekkou, Stella Issa, Andreas Louca, Georgos Georgiou,
Kyriacos Papacostas, Ms. Panayiota Athanasiou.
Third row: Yiannos Hadjimatheou, Emmanuel Papoulias, Constantinos Pelides.
Fourth row: Alexandros Challoumas, Marios Pavlou, Panos Zaouras, Stelios Vassiliou, Nicholas
Charalambous, Christoforos Zinonos.
Our
club
was
small but we were
all interested in
our environment!
On our club days
we
cleaned
beaches by
removing litter, visited Rizoelia National Park in order
to see
nature in all its natural glory, and learnt
about the feeding habits of the flamingos at
Larnaca Salt Lake.
A special thanks to Mr Costas from Larnaca
Municipality who talked to us both about the
serious litter problem in Cyprus but also explained
all about the flora and fauna found locally.
CYPRUS HERITAGE CLUB
Cyprus Heritage Club was the newly born club of
our school. The aim of the club was to give the
pupils a little “taste” of our culture by looking at
cultural and traditional aspects of Cyprus. Our first
visit was at Lefkara village where the students had
the chance to visit the handicraft museum. The
next visit was at Nicosia and Laiki Geitonia. Finally
we had visited Mazotos and the new sculptural
museum. The club had many interesting moments
especially during the tours. Overall, we had a great
time!
WATER SAFETY CLUB
This year the water safety club comprised 14
students from years 4 and 5 and two co-ordinators;
Petros Kimitris and Aspasia Manti. The aim of our
club was to learn water safety skills in case of an
emergency.
We used two lanes at the outdoor heated pool at
the Larnaca Municipal Athletic Centre GZZ for our
training. The skills learnt included entering water
safely, swimming underwater and rescuing
someone in the pool.
Our training was followed by a brisk walk to the
K-cineplex centre for lunch after an exhausting but
enjoyable day at the pool.
FAITH CLUB
CIVICS
Larnaca Police station.
Students were given a talk
about juvenile delinquency
and they were also given
information about road
safety. They were also given
a tour to different police
departments.
City Hall
At the City Hall the students
were given a talk about how the city works / different
responsibilities of each department/ Plans about
changing Pale Pasha seafront.
Students raised some issues about recycling facilities
in Larnaca
GARDENING
This year Gardening
Club planted with
much success red
soil potatoes, celery,
green onions, coriander,
parsley,
rocket, and carrots.
In addition, to planting and
preparing
the soil for planting
and growing various
vegetables that were
picked and eaten during the Easter fast!. We also
visited the Athalassa Park where we were
familiarized with flora and fauna native to Cyprus and
were given a tour of the nature reserve.
COOKING CLUB
Our students had the opportunity to have hands on
experience in cooking. They were able to prepare
delicious food and deserts with the guidance of their
teachers and a qualified chef from Nicosia. Our
activities were based at school and students were
able to watch fun programs related to cooking and to
demonstrate their knowledge!
Our club aimed to introduce students to the main
faiths of the people of Larnaca by visiting places of
worship in the district. After a presentation of the
buildings to be visited this year and their
significance, the club members boarded the bus for
Faneromeni to see the old and new Faneromeni
churches and catacomb, the Metropolis area to
see Terra Santa church, the Tusla mosque and the
Church of our
Saviour, Kiti to
see
Angeloktisti
church and the
Salt Lake area to
see Hala Sultan
Tekke and have a
picnic.
5A
On other club
days we visited St.
Lazarus church,
the Kebir and
Z a c h o u r i
mosques, St. Helena’s Anglican church and the
International Evangelical church before heading for
Xylotymbou to see St. Marina and Raphael convent and Troulli where we visited St. George monastery.
Front row from left: Eleni Demetriou, Nicole Koutsofta, Nicoletta Petrou, Krystie Joannou, Irene
Christodoulou, Maria Kyriacou, Andri Xiourouppa, Mr. George Georgiadis.
Second row: Ms. Thekla Papastavrou, Andreas Theodorou, Theocharis Panayi, Anastasis Apostolou, Yiannis
Chasapis.
Third row: Leonidas Georgallides, Maria Pavlidou, Christopher Georgiou, Pavlos Georgiou, Andreas
Andreou, Michalis Challoumas.
Fourth row: Georgia Hadjiconstantinou, Marcel Valeev, Spencer Critchley, Joshua Schoffield, Pike Connor,
Jack Petrou.
FILM CLUB
The main aim of the club is to inform students
about filming and help them explore, and at the
same time entertain them. Information regarded
the broader concept of ‘film industry’, and in
particular students learned how and where they
are produced and
they
met some
people
who
usually take part
in filming.
Students had the
opportunity
to
‘explore’ some of
these
aspects
themselves
by
carrying out their
own research on
specific topics and
by visiting places
that had to do with film production, TV broadcasting, as well as presentations of movies either in
class or at cinemas.
5B
Front row from left: Mr. Elpidoforos Anastasiou, Anastasia Matsangou, Panayiotis Artemiou, Irene
Chrysantou, Despo Erotokritou, Andrea Santi, Gabriella Kazamia, Mr. George Georgiadis.
Second row: Irene Loucatzie, Elizabeth Karagiorgi, Kallistheni Karoulla, Kallistheni Symeou, Demetra
Shadarevian, Marios Michael, Theophanis Phokou, Sergios Sergiou, Douglas Carr.
Third row: Illane Papamichael, Kleopas Palate, Valentinos Damianou, Demetris Demetriou A, Georgos
Hadjisavva, Zanettos Fitiris, George Kyriacou, Constantinos Patsalos, Gregoris Pittarides, Alexander Critchley,
Constantinos Pouyioukka, Christos Demetriou.
Clubs
ARCHERY
5C
Our 25 young Robin
Hoods were eager during
our first club Day in
October to start shooting
their arrows.
It was a slow start, first
having to hand out their
new equipment then to
learn the rules of safety
together with the technical
basics of Archery, but once they got going, there was
no
stopping them.
Mr. Elias Kamaratos, Mr. Sotirios Panayi and later in
the year Mr. Gregoris Demetriou all worked very hard
to make our time shooting arrows enjoyable, safe and
productive.Archery club members are asked to attend
Thursday afternoon Archery Club practice in order to
further improve their skills. It paid off because at our
regional (Larnaca-Lefkosia) tournament in February
we came home with 3 cups (Under 12 Category)
Front row from left: Ms. Panayiota Demetriou, Andri Christofidou, Iacovina Iacovou, Myria Toumazou, Sophia
Pericleous, Anthea Koursari, Mr. George Georgiadis.
Second row: Michalis Alambritis, Charalambos Athanasiou, Marios Karagiorgi, Marilena Iacovou, Faviola
Zimbouliaki, Thekli Louca, Marinos Marinou.
Third row: Andreas Ioulianou, Christiana Erotokritou, Demetris Demetriou E, Neophytou Andreas.
Fourth row: Andreas Sophocleous, Anastasis Iacovou, Michalis Andronicou, Demetris Georgiou, Andreas
Patsalos, Christodoulos Monoyios.
6A
ART
For this academic school year, the art club focused on
a variety of fun and creative activities. With just a few
splashes of paint, the magic of colour transformed,
some classroom areas into warmer and stimulating
learning environments. This year’s wall mural theme
was inspired by animal prints of identity.
FIRST AID
First aid - the care given before emergency
medical help arrives - can mean the difference
between life and death. In First Aid Club, students
learnt basic first aid skills such as CPR, guided by
an instructor (MEDIC First Aid training
programs). This was a very useful club and
students participating were
issued with an
internationally acknowledged certificate.
ANIMAL WELFARE
The Animal Welfare
Club was set up to
raise awareness of
the necessity to protect animals and care
for them properly –
both physically and
psychologically.
Throughout this year
the Club visited the
BFAWS Trust at Dhekelia, where the participants
were given a tour of the premises and a
presentation on the history and work of the Trust.
The children had the chance to play with the
animals and were encouraged to participate on a
voluntary basis in helping to walk the dogs and/or
visit them.
The aim of the club is for the participants in the
Club to have learned a little about how to care for
the animals in our environment and have learnt a
sense of responsibility towards our many four-
The second club day set a festive mood for creating a
wonderful selection of Christmas ornaments that were
sold to raise fund donations towards charity. The
Easter crafts were an all time favorite to take home.
Of course, having taken into consideration all the
academic hard work, an
art therapy session with
the drama therapist Roulla
Demetriou lit up face in the
art room.
All art club
students were encouraged
legged friends!
to approach the concept of
art through a different
creative means of self
BOWLING
expression.
Front row from left: Savvia Iacovou, Constantina Marangou, Marina Pasialounta, Natalia DeBenedicts, Haris
Constantinou.
Second row: Mr. Marios Hadjivassiliou, Ms. Maria Kimmitris.
Third row: Constantinos Thouppos, Elena Pitta, Helen Artemi, Stephanie Diakou, Skevi Karaiskaki, Kyriaki
Hadjipapa, Alexandros Pizkitzis.
We had the chance to visit
the two bowling centres of
Larnaca, K-Max and Rock
N’ Bowl. The students were
able to learn the different
bowling techniques and
develop their skills to strike.
They were also able to compete with each other
and with the other teams and at the same time to
build team spirit. At all club days they had lots of
fun!
6B
Σημαντικότητα των μαθηματικών στη ζωή μας
Kατά τη διάρκεια της ανθρώπινης ιστορίας, υπήρξαν και ακόμα υπάρχουν πολλοί
εξαίρετοι μαθηματικοί, όχι μόνο που δίδαξαν τις μαθηματικές θεωρίες σε εμάς, αλλά και που
βρήκαν ή τουλάχιστον προσπάθησαν να βρουν λύσεις σε διάφορα μαθηματικά ερωτήματα που
απασχολούσαν τους ανθρώπους όλων των εποχών. Όλοι αυτοί λοιπόν, φρόντισαν να μας μάθουν
ή αλλιώς να διαδώσουν την αξία των μαθηματικών στην ζωή μας. Αν και αρκετοί άνθρωποι δεν
την γνωρίζουν και θεωρούν πως τα μαθηματικά είναι διάφοροι τύποι και μπερδεμένοι αριθμοί
που κάνουν περίπλοκη την ζωή μας, πιστεύουμε πως πρέπει όλοι μας να μάθουμε την αξία των
μαθηματικών.
Τα μαθηματικά είναι και αυτά μια επιστήμη και είναι απαραίτητα και πολύ σημαντικά
στην ζωή μας. Είναι χρήσιμα σε κάθε τομέα εργασίας, αλλά επίσης μας βοηθούν να
κατανοήσουμε διάφορα γεγονότα της καθημερινής μας ζωής. Πολλά πράγματα πρώτης ανάγκης
πάλι είναι βασισμένα στα μαθηματικά, όπως τα ρούχα που για να ράψεις πρέπει να μετρήσεις
διαστάσεις. Τα Μαθηματικά έχουν τεράστια εφαρμογή στην μηχανική, αστρονομία,
πληροφορική, μετεωρολογία, οικονομικές επιστήμες και σχεδόν σε κάθε πτυχή της ανθρώπινης
δραστηριότητας. Τα μαθηματικά είχαν αναπτυχθεί για να αποτελούν το προϊών της ανθρώπινης
σκέψης και χρησιμοποιήθηκαν στη δομημένη λογική και φιλοσοφία. Άρα όλοι οι άνθρωποι και
ειδικά εμείς οι μαθητές, πρέπει να λάβουμε πιο σοβαρά υπόψη μας τα μαθηματικά. Η εργασία
αυτή μας έδωσε την ευκαιρία να δούμε τα μαθηματικά από μια διαφορετική οπτική γωνιά. Για
παράδειγμα η εικασία του Goldbach, μια εικασία που ταλαιπωρεί εδώ και χρόνια τους
μαθηματικούς, έγινε πολύ εύκολα κατανοητή από εμάς. Έτσι και εμείς αισθανόμαστε τυχεροί
που βρέξαμε έστω και λίγο τα πόδια μας στην βαθιά θάλασσα των μαθηματικών!
Front row from left: Stevie Georgiou, Julia Antoniou, Eleni Andreou, Daniella Kypri, Irene Poupazi, Iacovos
Iacovou.
Second row: Mr. Marios Hadjivassiliou, Mr. Petros Kimmitris.
Third row: Aris Constantinou, Ermioni Yiassoumi, Frosoula Pafitis, Maria Moskofian, Natasa Andreou, Irene
Nicolaou, Stelios Lazarou.
Fourth row: George Kyprianou, Nicholas Panayi, Stelios Constantinou, Michalis Hadjiantonis.
6C
Lito Ellina, 6B
“Coffee Cup Fairytales”
George Kyprianou, IB2
‘The Residue of Today”
Front row from left: Evgenia Theodotou, Tarso Theophanous, Mikaella Anthimou, Chrystalla Kailas, Anna
Anna Zachariou, Androulla Kakoulli, Kyriaki Andreou.
Second row: Mr. Marios Hadjivassiliou, Christina Theodorou, Ioannis Kounnas E, Lito Ellina, Ionanis
Kounnas S.
Leonidas Charalambous, Panayiota Epifaneiou, Mrs. Rodoula Anastasiou.
Third row: Demetris Kounnas, George Exadaktylos, Marios Symeou, Theodoulos Hadjimatheou, Ioannis
Kounnas A.
.
Love
Honest Lovable
Kissing Hugging Believing
Heart
Gift
Knife Gun
Killing Loathing Shooting
Dishonest Horrible
Hatred
Gabriella Soteriou, 2E
LIFE
WONDERFUL
LAUGHING
OXYGEN
BAPTIZING
WATER
CRYING
AMAZING
ENJOYING
GRAVE
BURYING
WEAPON
PRAYING
UNBEARABLE UNFORTUNATE
DEATH
TIME
What is time really?
It’s nothing to me
What is time really?
It’s all that we see
What is time really?
A tick and a tock
What is time really?
Just numbers written on a clock
What is time really?
A sunrise, a sunset
What is time really?
A lucky guess, a bet
What is time really?
The day or the night
Maybe time is really
Just dark and light
Lambros Theodorou, 2E
Jennifer Joannou, 3A
Λόγοι επιλογής αυτού του προβλήματος ανάμεσα σε τόσα άλλα προβλήματα που
απασχόλησαν τους μαθηματικούς
Πρέπει να σας αναφέρουμε πως μας έχει κινήσει ιδιαίτερα την περιέργεια και το
ενδιαφέρον η εικασία αυτή και γι’ αυτό θέλαμε να την διερευνήσουμε καλύτερα και
να μάθουμε περισσότερα πράγματα και πληροφορίες γι’ αυτήν. Το πιο προκλητικό σε
αυτή την εικασία είναι ότι αποτελεί μια τρομακτικά απλή πρόταση, μια πρόταση που
και ο μέσος μαθητής Λυκείου δεν έχει καμιά δυσκολία να κατανοήσει. Μια πρόταση
που όλος ο κόσμος θεωρεί αληθινή αλλά που κανένας δεν μπορεί να αποδείξει την
αλήθεια της! Παραξενευτήκαμε ιδιαίτερα με το γεγονός ότι μία τόσο εύκολη και απλή
θεωρία, που μπορεί να την κατανοήσει οποιοσδήποτε, ακόμα και ένας που δεν κατέχει
και ιδιαίτερες γνώσεις στον τομέα των μαθηματικών, δεν κατάφερε να καταλήξει σε
μία άκρη, σε ένα συμπέρασμα και έχει μείνει άλυτη. Αυτός λοιπόν είναι ο κυριότερος
λόγος για τον οποίο διαλέξαμε αυτό το θέμα και μέσα από τη μελέτη μας, πιστεύουμε
πως πολύ δύσκολα θα αποδειχθεί αυτό, αφού δεν υπάρχει τέλος στους αριθμούς. Έτσι,
δεν μπορούν να δοκιμαστούν όλοι οι θετικοί άρτιοι αριθμοί για να δούμε αν πράγματι
ισχύει αυτό! Παρόλα αυτά, δεν πρέπει να είμαστε απαισιόδοξοι! Ίσως με το πέρασμα
του χρόνου, να βρεθεί μία άλλη, διαφορετική λύση, η οποία να μην συμπεριλαμβάνει
την δοκιμή με όλους τους άρτιους θετικούς ακέραιους αριθμούς.
Μαθηματικά μυθιστορήματα και πως αυτά έκαναν την επιστήμη των Μαθηματικών λιγότερο απρόσιτη στους μη μαθηματικούς
Η Εικασία του Goldbach έγινε γνωστή στο ευρύ κοινό κυρίως μέσα από το βιβλίο
του Απόστολου Δοξιάδη «Ο Θείος Πέτρος και η εικασία του Goldbach». Το βιβλίο
αυτό είναι ένα από τα πρώτα μαθηματικά μυθιστόρημα και έχει να κάνει με ένα παιδί
το οποίο θέλει να γίνει μαθηματικός ακολουθώντας τα βήματα του θείου του, ενός
μαθηματικού που πέρασε όλη του τη ζωή προσπαθώντας να αποδείξει την Εικασία
του Goldbach.
Τα τελευταία χρόνια, έχουν γραφτεί αρκετά λογοτεχνικά βιβλία τα οποία
βασίζονται στα μαθηματικά, γνωστά και ως μαθηματικά μυθιστορήματα. Βιβλία όπως
«Το Θεώρημα του Παπαγάλου», «Πυθαγόρεια Εγκλήματα», «Το τελευταίο παραμύθι
του Μιγκέλ Τόρρες ντα Σίλβα», «Καταραμένα Μαθηματικά», αλλά και πολλά άλλα,
παρουσιάζουν σημαντικά θεωρήματα των μαθηματικών με ένα πολύ απλό τρόπο.
Μέσα από τα μαθηματικά μυθιστορήματα, των οποίων οι συγγραφείς είναι πολλές
φορές μαθηματικοί, γίνεται προσπάθεια να φτάσουν τα μαθηματικά σε όλο τον
κόσμο. Επίσης, μέσα από αυτά γίνεται προσπάθεια, να αγαπήσουν οι αναγνώστες τα
μαθηματικά και να κατανοήσουν ότι δεν είναι σε καμιά περίπτωση, ένα μάθημα
βαρετό και δυσνόητο.
Αξίζει να αναφέρουμε ότι μετά από την τεράστια απήχηση που είχαν κάποια από
αυτά τα μυθιστορήματα στον κόσμο, τα μαθηματικά άρχισαν να αντιμετωπίζονται με
ένα διαφορετικό μάτι. Η πεποίθηση ότι κάποιος θα έπρεπε να είναι διάνοια για να
ασχοληθεί με τα μαθηματικά σταδιακά καταρρίφθηκε. Κάτι τέτοιο μπορεί να
βοηθήσει τους ανθρώπους να κατανοήσουν το πόσο σημαντικά και χρήσιμα είναι τα
μαθηματικά στη ζωή μας.
Maths
αυτήν την θεωρία και έτσι, παραμένει ακόμα μέχρι και σήμερα ανοιχτή. Συνεχίζει
βέβαια να απασχολεί διάφορους μαθηματικούς και αποτελεί θέμα συζήτησης ανάμεσα
σε μαθητές όπως εμάς που την επιλέξαμε ως θέμα της εργασίας μας.
Diamante Poems
Students of Year 5 making a presentation as part of their English lesson
6=3+3
8=3+5
10 = 3 + 7 ή 5 + 5
12 = 5 + 7
14 = 3 + 11 ή 7 + 7
Ο Schnirelman, το 1939, απέδειξε ότι κάθε ζυγός αριθμός μπορεί να γραφτεί ως το άθροισμα
όχι περισσότερων από 300 000 πρώτους αριθμούς, κάτι που φαίνεται μάλλον απομακρυσμένο
από την απόδειξη για δύο πρώτους. Ο Pogorzelski, το 1977, ισχυρίστηκε ότι απέδειξε την
Εικασία του Goldbach, αλλά η απόδειξη του δεν έγινε αποδεκτή. Ο Ρώσος μαθηματικός
Vinogradov, πλησίασε περισσότερο από όλους, μιας και μέσα από τα θεωρήματα που απέδειξε,
βγαίνει το συμπέρασμα ότι η Εικασία του Goldbach ισχύει για σχεδόν όλους τους ζυγούς
αριθμούς. Είναι σημαντικό να τονίσουμε πως την Εικασία του Goldbach, έχουν ενισχύσει
ισχυρότατοι ηλεκτρονικοί υπολογιστές, που έχουν αποφανθεί ότι πράγματι αληθεύει ως τον
17
17
310
10 . Κατά διαστήματα γίνονταν πιο εντατικές προσπάθειες για την απόδειξη της.
αριθμό 3
Από 10 Μαρτίου του 2000 μέχρι τις 20 Μαρτίου του 2002, έγινε μια μεγάλη προσπάθεια για
την εξεύρεση της κατάλληλης αλυσίδας λογικών συλλογισμών που αποδεικνύουν την αλήθεια,
όταν ο εκδοτικός οίκος ‘Faber and Faber’ πρόσφερε το βραβείο του ενός εκατομμυρίου
δολαρίων σε όποιον αποδείκνυε την εικασία του Goldbach, μέσα στο πιο πάνω χρονικό
διάστημα. Δυστυχώς όμως, ούτε με αυτόν τον τρόπο κατάφερε κάποιος να αποδείξει
Kyriaki Hadjipapa, 6A
“Concealed, Revealed”
English
Οι εικασίες για τις οποίες αλληλογραφούσαν ο Goldbach και ο Euler, έχουν συγκεκριμένα
ονόματα, ώστε να μην τις μπερδεύουμε. Η προγενέστερη, δηλαδή αυτή του Goldbach, είναι
σήμερα γνωστή ως τριαδική, ενώ η μεταγενέστερη, αυτή με την οποία απάντησε ο Euler,
χαρακτηρίζεται ως ισχυρή ή δυαδική.
Μετά λοιπόν και από παρέμβαση του Euler, η Εικασία πήρε τη μορφή που έχει σήμερα.
Ο Euler, αφού συμπλήρωσε τη θεωρία, τη δέχτηκε ως ένα πλήρως ορισμένο θεώρημα παρόλο
που δεν κατάφερε να αποδειχθεί πλήρως, αλλά αποδείχθηκε μόνο ως ένα σημείο. Είναι γι’αυτό
ακριβώς τον λόγο που ονομάζεται μέχρι και σήμερα Εικασία. Ένας εξαιρετικός ορισμός της
λέξης «εικασία» δίνεται στο μυθιστόρημα του Ντένι Γκετζ «Το θεώρημα του παπαγάλου».
«Φαντάσου μια ήπειρο, για την οποία η ανθρωπότητα θα είχε τη βεβαιότητα της ύπαρξής της
αλλά δεν θα έβρισκε κανέναν τρόπο πρόσβασης. Αυτό είναι μια μαθηματική εικασία!». Οι
αποδείξεις όλων αυτών των θεωριών, αφού όπως κάθε σημαντικό ή ασήμαντο γεγονός χρειάζεται μια πειστική δικαιολογία για να εξηγηθεί, έτσι και στα μαθηματικά η απόδειξη είναι η
διαδικασία με την οποία η βεβαιότητα για την αλήθεια των αρχικών υποθέσεων ενός
προβλήματος μεταφέρεται αναλλοίωτη στα συμπεράσματα. Όπως είπε και ο Hilbert, μετά από τη
συζήτηση για το θεώρημα της «Μη Πληρότητας», συχνά τίθεται η απορία αν πρέπει ή όχι να
προσπαθούμε για την απόδειξη μιας εικασίας. Σύμφωνα με το θεώρημα της «Μη Πληρότητας»
κάθε υπόθεση ή εικασία που παραμένει αναπόδειχτη μπορεί να είναι και εκ των προτέρων μη
αποδείξιμη.
Σύμφωνα λοιπόν με την Εικασία του Goldbach, όπως καθιερώθηκε να ονομάζεται, κάθε άρτιος (ζυγός) αριθμός μεγαλύτερος του 4, μπορεί να εκφρασθεί ως το άθροισμα δυο πρώτων αριθμών. Με αυτό, εννοούμε πως έστω ένα ζευγάρι αριθμών που είναι άθροισμα του θετικού άρτιου να είναι πρώτοι. Για παράδειγμα, το
Undoubtedly service above self is what all of us have grown up knowing to
be honorable. I always wonder what it is that motivates someone donate a
few coins, and others give up their time and family for voluntary charity
work.
Out of habit I always contribute towards Oxfam and Unicef, donating an
odd five euro doesn't have a profound effect on my life. I didn’t
acknowledge how and where it would be spent until I was sitting with a
group of friends when an old beggar in rags approached our table and
asked for money. As I had previously given money to her I hesitated to
reach for my purse thinking she was a fraud, but made an offering anyway
in the hope that she would leave. After blessing us all, she tottered away
leaving us perplexed. We inevitably discussed her condition and other
innumerable people like her. When we donated money to charities we
wondered, “Did our donations actually reach the needy?”. “Did we need to
receive help in order to give it?”. All these questions troubled me and I
yearned to resolve them.
It is an unquestionable fact that without the charity organizations and
various humanitarian aid millions of people’s suffering would extend to
death. Influential people such as Princess Diana, Oprah Winfrey and
others like them are inspirational leaders who have helped thousands of
children with their donations.
Previous to my conscious awareness of poverty, I was selfish in taking my
fortunate situation. I was unaware of just how much those loose coins I
had and donated could help others.
We are fortunate yet we are often too consumed by our own problems that
are insignificant compared to more severe problems facing others. We
can all experience the exhilaration that altruism brings if we only venture
forth in our mind’s eye and place ourselves in the shoes of those we wish
to help - then maybe we could empathise and realise that we are all
connected as humans and that if we don’t help each other, then we can
never hope to feel the true beauty of giving or receiving that simply defines
our existence.
Stephanie Diakou, 6B
Τα προβλήματα αυτά έγιναν γνωστά πολύ γρήγορα και πολλοί ήταν οι
επιστήμονες που έσπευσαν να ασχοληθούν με αυτά. Αρκετά από τα προβλήματα που
δόθηκαν τότε επιλύθηκαν εντελώς ή εν μέρει ενώ κάποια άλλα παραμένουν άλυτα
μέχρι και σήμερα. Κάποια από τα προβλήματα τα οποία παραμένουν άλυτα μέχρι και
σήμερα είναι:
 Το πρόβλημα των τέλειων αριθμών. Όπως είναι γνωστό, τέλειος είναι ο αριθμός
πού ισούται με το άθροισμα των γνήσιων διαιρετών του. Για παράδειγμα, το 6
αποτελεί τέλειο αριθμό διότι ισούται με το άθροισμα των τριών γνησίων διαιρετών
του 1, 2, 3. Μέχρι σήμερα γνωρίζουμε ότι όλοι οι τέλειοι αριθμοί είναι άρτιοι. Δεν
έχει αποδειχθεί ότι υπάρχουν μονοί τέλειοι αριθμοί ή άπειροι τέλειοι αριθμοί.
 Το πρόβλημα των φίλιων αριθμών. Οι φίλιοι αριθμοί είναι εκείνοι που ο
καθένας τους ισούται με το άθροισμα των γνήσιων διαιρετών του άλλου. Για
παράδειγμα φίλιοι είναι το ζεύγος των 284 και 220 διότι οι γνήσιοι διαιρέτες του 284
είναι οι 1, 2, 4, 71, 142 και δίνουν άθροισμα 220, ενώ οι διαιρέτες του 220 είναι οι 1,
2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 20, 22, 44, 55, 110 που δίνουν άθροισμα 284. Είναι άγνωστο αν αυτοί
οι αριθμοί είναι άπειροι.
 Πρώτοι αριθμοί. Είναι οι αριθμοί που διαιρούνται ακριβώς με το 1 και με τον
εαυτό τους (2, 3, 5, 7, 11...). Γενικά οι πρώτοι αριθμοί είναι αυτοί που «βασάνιζαν»
και συνεχίζουν να «βασανίζουν» τα σπουδαία κεφάλια των μαθηματικών. Μερικά
από τα ερωτήματα είναι: υπάρχουν άπειρα ζευγάρια πρώτων αριθμών που να
διαφέρουν κατά δύο μονάδες – δηλαδή ζευγάρια δίδυμων πρώτων; Υπάρχει πάντα
ένας πρώτος αριθμός ανάμεσα στα τετράγωνα δύο διαδοχικών ακεραίων; Υπάρχουν
άπειροι πρώτοι ρ ώστε να είναι πρώτος και ο 2ρ+1;
Αρκετά είναι τα βιβλία τα οποία γράφτηκαν με αφορμή κάποια από αυτά τα
προβλήματα και πολλοί είναι οι Μαθηματικοί που αφιέρωσαν ολόκληρη τη ζωή τους
στην επίλυση αυτών των προβλημάτων. Αυτό οφείλεται, εκτός άλλων και στο γεγονός
ότι πολλά από τα προβλήματα που έθεσε τότε ο Hilbert ήταν πολύ εύκολα στην
κατανόησή και τη διατύπωσή τους, όπως την Εικασία του μαθηματικού Christian
Goldbach. Για τα προβλήματα που μένουν άλυτα ακόμα και σήμερα το Clay
Mathematics Institute της Μασαχουσέτης προσφέρει ένα μεγάλο χρηματικό έπαθλο.
Όποιος καταφέρει να λύσει ένα από τα 7 προβλήματα της νέας χιλιετίας όπως
ονομάζονται, συμπεριλαμβανομένου και των προβλημάτων του Hilbert, θα πάρει το
μαγευτικό έπαθλο του ενός εκατομμυρίου δολαρίων.
Ιστορικά στοιχεία για την Εικασία του Goldbach
Ο Christian Goldbach, ένας σπουδαίος Πρώσος μαθηματικός, σε μια επιστολή του
στις 7 Ιουνίου του 1743 προς τον επίσης σπουδαίο επιστήμονα Leonard Euler,
αναφέρθηκε πρώτος στην Εικασία αυτή. Ισχυρίστηκε ότι κάθε άρτιος (ζυγός) αριθμός
μεγαλύτερος του 2, μπορεί να εκφραστεί ως το άθροισμα δυο πρώτων αριθμών. Είναι
σημαντικό βέβαια να τονιστεί ότι εκείνη την εποχή, το 1 θεωρείτο πρώτος αριθμός,
κάτι που καταρρίφθηκε κάποιες δεκαετίες αργότερα. Ο Euler, του οποίου τα
ενδιαφέροντα απλώνονταν σε ένα πολύ ευρύ φάσμα, διαισθάνθηκε αμέσως ότι η
πρόταση αυτή έπρεπε να ισχύει αλλά δεν ασχολήθηκε σοβαρά με την απόδειξή της.
Απλά, απάντησε στον Goldbach με μια ισοδύναμη εκδοχή της εικασίας, δηλαδή πως
κάθε άρτιος ακέραιος μεγαλύτερος του 2 μπορεί να γραφτεί ως άθροισμα δυο πρώτων
αριθμών, ενώ ο Goldbach του είχε στείλει μόνο πως κάθε ακέραιος αριθμός μπορεί να
είναι άθροισμα δύο πρώτων.
Maths
Service above Self
Winning essay in this year’s creative writing competition held
between all Pascal Schools
The end
Συντονιστής εκπαιδευτικός: Στέλλα Χαραλάμπους
Εισηγητές: Κυριακή Κωστή
Άννα Ζωνιά
Χαράλαμπος Λαππάς
ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ
Η εργασία αυτή καταπιάνεται με την Εικασία του Goldbach. Με αφορμή την εικασία αυτή,
κάποια Μαθηματικά προβλήματα τα οποία αν και είναι απλά και κατανοητά στη διατύπωση τους
από ένα ευρύ κοινό, εντούτοις παραμένουν μέχρι σήμερα άλυτα. Μέσα από το ιστορικό πλαίσιο
που μελετούμε, αναφερόμαστε σε κάποια από τα σημαντικότερα θεωρήματα των μαθηματικών
όπως για παράδειγμα το θεώρημα της μη πληρότητας αλλά και σε κάποιους από τους
σημαντικότερους μαθηματικούς του 20ου αιώνα. Η εργασία μας χωρίζεται σε τρία μέρη. Στο
πρώτο μέρος παρουσιάζουμε κάποια προβλήματα των μαθηματικών τα οποία ενώ είναι πολύ
απλά στην
κατανόηση τους, εντούτοις απασχόλησαν για πολλούς αιώνες τους μαθηματικούς,
παραμένοντας στην πλειοψηφία τους άλυτα. Στο δεύτερο μέρος αναφερόμαστε στην Εικασία του
Goldbach, παραθέτοντας ταυτόχρονα τους λόγους επιλογής του συγκεκριμένου θέματος. Στο
τελευταίο μέρος, με αφορμή την Εικασία του Goldbach, προσπαθούμε να αναλύσουμε τη
σημασία του να γίνονται τα μαθηματικά προσιτά σε όλους τους ανθρώπους.
Εισαγωγή
Η εργασία αυτή καταπιάνεται με ένα από τα πιο φημισμένα άλυτα προβλήματα των
μαθηματικών, την εικασία του Goldbach. Στο πρώτο μέρος αναφερόμαστε σε κάποια από τα
σημαντικότερα προβλήματα που απασχόλησαν τους μαθηματικούς τον 20ο αιώνα, κάνοντας
ιδιαίτερη αναφορά σε κάποια από αυτά που παραμένουν μέχρι και τις μέρες μας άλυτα. Έπειτα,
παρουσιάζουμε κάποια ιστορικά στοιχεία για την Εικασία του Goldbach. Στο τελευταίο μέρος
της εργασίας μας, και με αφορμή την Εικασία του Goldbach, αναφερόμαστε στη σχέση που
μπορεί να έχουν τα μαθηματικά με τη λογοτεχνία.
Προβλήματα των μαθηματικών
Είναι κανόνας τελικά ότι όταν τα μεγαλύτερα κεφάλια των μαθηματικών συναντιούνται
είναι για να βασανίσουν τα μυαλά των μετέπειτα γενεών βάζοντας άλυτα προβλήματα κατά την
τότε εποχή που περιμένουν υπομονετικά την λύση τους. Όταν το 1900 ο David Hilbert,
κορυφαίος Γερμανός μαθηματικός, παρουσίασε στο 2ο Διεθνές Συνέδριο των Μαθηματικών
‘μαθηματικά προβλήματα του μέλλοντος’, τα οποία όπως ισχυρίστηκε θα απασχολούσαν τους
μαθηματικούς του 20ου αιώνα, ολόκληρη η μαθηματική κοινότητα θορυβήθηκε.
I don’t remember the sun. There is only darkness. It has been like this for
10 years but it is steadily getting worse. Sometimes I can see the moon and I
lose myself in its beauty, the fluffy purple clouds that surround it are incredible,
but then it is swallowed up into a thick, bleak darkness once again.
It is 2173, a long time ago people had predicted THE END but nobody
prepared for it. The people continued polluting the world, some made others
aware of what might be coming and did things to try and stop the green house
gases and pollution but that only prolonged the End.
People are already saying goodbye to loved ones. Hardly anyone wears
bright colours, just black, it is all they know. I don’t have a family. My parents
died in a plane crush, while my brother and I were at a boarding school. Then
Alex (my brother) and I got separated. I can barely remember him, he is just a
lost memory. I feel empty; my heart is never satisfied, it has been too swallowed
up by the darkness.
I have never stayed in a place, with foster parents, for more than a year.
I am like an object. People like me for a while but then something happens and
I am back where I started. I have learned to hide my emotions and don’t give
them the satisfaction of knowing.
One day I was walking to town in the dark, miserable weather, wondering
how much longer this pain and suffering will go on for, when I heard a bus
coming. I glanced at it as it went by, but as I was just about to turn around I
noticed a face. It was pale and had blue eyes just like mine, our eyes locked in
a steady, shocked stare. Then it was gone.
I was numb with shock. My heart was beating painfully fast. I had just
seen Alex. Reality dawned on me and I started chasing the black bus. It had
begun to rain but I didn’t notice. My feet slapped the pavement as I ran faster
than I had ever run before. It turned the corner and my heart gave a huge lurch.
There were many buses identical to the one I had seen. I scanned the buses
but couldn’t see him. Just as I was about to give up hope, a black blur caught
my eye.
I wasn’t sure if it was Alex’s bus but I needed something to hope for.
Desperately, I raced after it. I slipped at a corner and gashed my knee but I
ignored the throbbing pain and continued on my way. My lungs were bursting;
my breath came in short gasps. If the bus didn’t stop soon I would have to.
Then the bus suddenly screeched to a half, people emerged from it. I collapsed
onto the pavement, the pain finally taking control of me. My view was blocked
as a boy in grey uniform stood in front of me. I looked up, tears falling rapidly
down my pale face. He spoke one world “Lucy”, I nodded and smiled up at Alex.
That night, the moon was visible. Once again I looked up hypnotized by
its beauty. The smoky purple clouds were dancing around the moon and my
heart was singing with joy, finally filled with love it needed. My head rested
against Alex’s shoulder, he looked down at me and smiled. The world was
coming to an end but at least, if it happened, I would die with my brother and we
would join our parents; finally united as one.
Katerina Kavourides, 2B
English
Η ΕΙΚΑΣΙΑ ΤΟΥ GOLDBACH
Everybody is dead
This isn’t a nightmare
For I am not safe in my bed.
I am the only one alive.
Katerina Kavourides, 2B
Οι επιβάτες έμπαιναν βιαστικά ένας-ένας μέσα. Είχα μείνει μόνη μου έξω στο
κατάστρωμα, θαυμάζοντας το μουντό, μαγευτικό ουρανό. Η θάλασσα λυσσομανούσε,
άφριζε. Ο κατάλευκος αφρός ήταν μια παραφωνία στην όλη εικόνα. Εγώ,
εκστασιασμένη, έβγαζα φωτογραφίες, παρά το τσουχτερό κρύο, που μου έκαιγε τα σωθικά. Ο αέρας φυσούσε μανιασμένος και μια απειλητική μελωδία ακουγόταν καθώς
χόρευε έναν όχι και τόσο ήρεμο χορό με τα κύματα…
In the distance there is an explosion
The whole world shatters
And I stand there frozen.
I am the only one alive.
Τα μάτια μου ήταν κόκκινα σαν το αίμα από την παγωνιά. Λίγες στιγμές μετά, το μόνο
που ακουγόταν ήταν το κλικ-κλικ της φωτογραφικής μου μηχανής, που απαθανάτιζε
κύματα μεγάλα σαν αυτοκίνητα, και ο ήχος του ανέμου που φυσομανούσε. Εκείνο το
δευτερόλεπτο, μου φάνηκε αιώνας. ‘Ένα πελώριο κύμα, σαν τριώροφο σπίτι,
σηκώθηκε. Εγώ, δεν το είδα. Βασικά, ήμουν τόσο απορροφημένη στο να βγάλω μια
καλή φωτογραφία, που για να προσέξω το κολοσσιαίο κύμα που ερχόταν κατά πάνω
μου, έπρεπε να το απαθανατίσω. ‘Έτσι κατάλαβα ότι ήταν έτοιμο να με
καταπλακώσει…
Bodies litter the street
This isn’t victory
It is the smell of defeat.
I am the only one alive.
I find my friend
He was like my brother
Now he has met his end.
I am the only one alive.
Το πλοίο ξεκίνησε, αν και ο καιρός ήταν πολύ κακός. Από την πρώτη στιγμή άρχισα να
φοβάμαι. Κοιτούσα απελπισμένη γύρω μου τη σκούρα, μπλάβα θάλασσα. Μας είχαν
προειδοποιήσει πως η νεροποντή δε θα αργούσε να έρθει. Ο ουρανός ήταν μαύρος σαν
πίσσα, ενώ οι χρυσαφιές αστραπές είχαν ξεκινήσει ήδη να τον αυλακώνουν και να
κεντούν πάνω του ένα σχέδιο που όμοιό του κανένας δεν είχε ξαναδεί…
Constantia Marangou, IB2
“Intersection—Earth, People & Sky”
I sit down and cry
And wish with all my heart
That I would die.
I am the only one alive.
Μόλις κοίταξα στην οθόνη της φωτογραφικής μου, πανικοβλήθηκα! Μέσα σε μια
στιγμή, πέρασε όλη η ζωή μου μπροστά από τα κατάπληκτά μου μάτια, σαν μια ταινία.
‘Ένιωσα τόσα συναισθήματα! Λύπη, θλίψη, στενοχώρια, αγάπη, ευτυχία, δυστυχία, μιζέρια, μελαγχολία... Δεν είχα όμως χρόνο να σκεφτώ. Το κύμα ερχόταν κατά πάνω μου
σαν τρελό!
Ξύπνησα σε ένα νοσοκομείο. Δε θυμόμουν τίποτα μετά από όλα αυτά που μόλις
αφηγήθηκα. Μόνο δύο χέρια περασμένα σε κάθε μπράτσο μου, και μετά το φως, τη
ζεστασιά, και μια μυρωδιά που δεν είχε καμία σχέση με τη μυρωδιά του ιωδίου της
θάλασσας. Από ότι έμαθα μετά από τον καπετάνιο, με είχε σώσει ένα ζευγάρι. Έψαξα
παντού να τους βρω. Να τους πω τουλάχιστον ένα ευχαριστώ. Δεν τους βρήκα ποτέ,
αλλά τους ευχαριστώ παντοτινά που μου έσωσαν τη ζωή, χωρίς να περιμένουν τίποτε
από εμένα…
The day grows cold
Life goes on
And I grow old.
I am the only one alive.
Άντρεα Ραφαέλα
Νικολαϊδου , 1A
George Kyprianou, IB2
“The Residue of Time—For the
Generations to Come”
Greek
Το πλοίο ξεκίνησε
Anna Zonia, 3B
Spy Game
I waited through the mounds of dust covered, moth eaten, faded black and white
photographs. Some of the people I had vague recollections of, but the majority with their
frosty expressions and Edwardian clothing, made no real impression on me. I hated doing
jobs like this, all grandma would give for bringing these down form the top of her three-storey
Victorian house, would be fifty pence with her ever unchanging advice “don’t spend it all on
sweets”.
As I began stacking the shoe boxes, whose shoes must have fallen apart long ago,
something caught my eye on the mantelpiece above the fireplace. It was a photograph that
rang a faint bell in my head. I picked up the battered, worn, rusty photo frame, half afraid, it
would fall apart, I looked at the inscription “James Holdman, 1898, France”. This puzzled me,
our family name was Miller, most could have dismissed him as some distinct relative, but I
had sat through stories about every cousin, every uncle, anyone with any remote connection
to the family. I had never heard the name “Holdman”. I got out my phone and took a couple
of quick pictures of the photograph itself and the inscription. I decided I would do some
investigating of my own. I stacked the last few boxes, said a cheery goodbye to grandma
and set off home.
On the bus I glanced at my watch, still had a couple of hours to kill before mum and
dad came back from Dorset, they were visiting mum’s parents. I got off at my stop in kew.
Looking at my watch, I still had a fair amount of time to kill. I suddenly remembered that
photograph “Holdman”. I remembered the Records Office was not far, “boring school trips
have some use I suppose” I muttered to myself and set off at a brisk pace.
As I reached the Records Office, I couldn’t help but feel small as I climbed the great
marble steps, kept in the shadow of the colossal pillar which held the grand, imposing
building up. I strode into the lobby a vast, echo, cave-like place. Finished in beautiful stone, I
was a little confused as to what to do; it was then that I saw a sign pointing to the reference
computers. I strolled over and punched in “Holdman, France, 1898”. I walked away with a list
full of references and set about my task with a relish only an amateur can have. It took me
the next hour or two; time really seemed non existent in this place, to sort through the irrelevant information. I was lucky, Holdman was an uncommon name and if it had been Smith I
think I would still be printing the References. After almost drowning in reports by customs at
various Mr. Holdmans coming over from France with one too many bottles of wine. I came
across something quite extraordinary; it was a registered telegram from Anglo- French
Communications Company, dated 1898. It read “Holdman dead, France, Miller Missing”
looking at who had sent it “Sir David Rossford”. The name instantly rang a bell; I had been
reading a book on the History of British spying and it just so happen. I was reading about Sir
David Rossford that morning. He was a notorious spy master. I knew exactly where all his
government files were simply by checking the bibliography in the back of the book.
I strode up the road toward Edgar’s House. This contained all pre MI5 and MI6
documents. As before I strolled straight to the reference computers. And a search for
“James, Holdman, France, 1898, Miller” brought up only one result, apart from the telegram I
had found in the Records Office. It was the two men’s file. I grabbed the file and an easy
chair and begun reading.
I sat there for two hours straight, not moving only focused on reading the file in front
of me. It was unreal, according to this Holdman and John Miller (dad’s great grandfather)
were a team of agents ordered to watch over any French Military Moves against Germany,
but it appeared that after they had successfully set up their observation post, they had been
captured by a German team doing the same job as them. According to the file, Miller tried to
draw a revolver and was shot straight between the eyes. Holdman was found hung in a
Calais Hotel room three days later. The coroner ruled suicide. I was simply astonished by
what I had read. I decided to go and see grandma again.
I smiled to myself as I drank my far too sweet tea knowing that every time grandma
started off one of her boring tales of the expected, trying to shock me with some old story
about a second cousin, I could remind myself of Holdman and know I could shock grandma
whenever I wanted to.
Douglas Carr, 5B
English
Καλά, δεν είπαμε πιο πάνω ότι δεν τους θέλουμε μαζί μας; Γρήγορα, μην χάνουμε καιρό,
κάποιος να τους δείξει το δρόμο για τους άλλους! Εξαιρετικά όλα!
Ας κάτσουμε να αναλογιστούμε και να σκεφτούμε βαθύτερα και πιο ώριμα τώρα.
Είναι σωστή αντιμετώπιση και συμπεριφορά εκ μέρους μας; Είναι σωστό μια ομάδα
πληθυσμού να απαρτίζεται από έναν άνθρωπο με διαφορετική θρησκεία, έναν με
διαφορετικές σεξουαλικές προτιμήσεις, έναν με άλλη εθνικότητα, ένα με χαμηλότερη
νοημοσύνη, ένα με διαφορετικές πολιτικές πεποιθήσεις, ένα φτωχό και ένα με διαφορετικό
χρώμα; Και όλα αυτά όχι γιατί ήταν προσωπική επιλογή αλλά ΄΄ καθήκον ’’ να μπουν σε μια
ομάδα και να νιώσουν ότι είναι κατά κάποιο τρόπο αποδεκτοί από κάποιους. Το σύνθημα
‘‘ Όλοι ίσοι, όλοι διαφορετικοί, σε μία κοινωνία όλοι έχουν τα ίδια δικαιώματα ’’. πού είναι
τώρα όπου χρειάζεται να εφαρμοστεί αφού είναι άμεση ανάγκη; Πολλά χρειάζονται να
γίνουν για να μην εκτροχιασθεί το θέμα και πάρει τεράστιες και μη αναστρέψιμες διαστάσεις.
Ο εθελοντισμός παίζει τεράστια σημασία. Ο κόσμος πρέπει να προσφέρει από μόνος
του, ανιδιοτελώς, χωρίς να περιμένει κάποιο υλικό αντάλλαγμα, μόνο την ηρεμία της ψυχής
του ότι κατάφερε να προσφέρει στον κόσμο. Οι εθελοντές μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθούν για
διάφορους τρόπους. Εκδηλώσεις, φεστιβάλ, συναυλίες σε σχολεία μπορούν να δωθούν και
να προβληθούν μέσα από αυτές οι διάφοροι πολιτισμοί σε μια τόσο πολυπολιτισμική χώρα
όπως είναι η Κύπρος και κατά συνέπεια τα σχολεία της. Με αυτή την ενέργεια οι μαθητές
μπορούν να ενημερωθούν και να ευαισθητοποιηθούν για διάφορα θέματα που μαστίζουν
ξένες χώρες.
Πρωτοβουλίες πρέπει να αναλαμβάνουν οι μειονότητες των μαθητών σε συνεργασία
με αρμόδια άτομα σε κάθε σχολείο και να ετοιμάζουν εργασίες ή παρουσιάσεις όπου θα
προβάλουν με το δικό τους τρόπο πως έζησαν και κατάλαβαν το ρατσισμό. Αυτοί μπορούν
να μιλήσουν ανοιχτά και από πρώτο χέρι αφού όλοι μας θα καταλαβαίνουμε τους εμφανείς
λόγους που υπέστησαν τη μορφή αποκλεισμού από νεαρά άτομα.
Οι δάσκαλοι και καθηγητές σε όλες τις βαθμίδες εκπαίδευσης θα ήταν καλό να
χρησιμοποιούν ύλη μαθημάτων όπου θα προβάλουν αυτό το θέμα. Ενδεικτικά στα Ελληνικά
θα πρέπει να μελετούμε κείμενα και ποιήματα που έχουν σχέση με αυτό, στη γεωγραφία να
δούμε και να εξηγήσουμε γιατί οι άνθρωποι μεταναστεύουν, στην επιστήμη τα διαφορετικά
χαρακτηριστικά ξένων λαών και στην ιστορία να δούμε το ρατσισμό, τον κοινωνικό
αποκλεισμό και την μετανάστευση μέσα από το πέρασμα των αιώνων.
Κυρίως όμως πρέπει να καταβληθεί υπεράνθρωπη προσπάθεια για αλλαγή του
κατεστημένου, ιδεών και αντιλήψεων που δεν αφήνει αυτό το λίγο πληθυσμό να εισχωρήσει
και να μπει ομαλά στην κοινωνία. Πρέπει να πιστέψουμε ότι μπορούμε να το αλλάξουμε,
εμείς οι ίδιοι.
Μέσα από αυτό το άρθρο καταλάβαμε τι είναι ο κοινωνικός αποκλεισμός, γιατί
δημιουργήθηκε και προκλήθηκε; Και πάλι η απάντηση είναι όχι. Δεν ξέρουμε και δεν
νομίζω να μάθουμε ποτέ το γιατί. Γινόμαστε σκλάβοι της συνήθειας άλλων ανθρώπων, με
διαφορετικές ιδέες, που προσπάθησαν να επιβάλουν σε εμάς. Σε κάποιους το κατάφεραν, σε
κάποιους όχι. Εγώ ελπίζω να ανήκω στη δεύτερη κατηγορία και να το δείχνω με τις πράξεις
μου. Όμως είτε συμφωνούμε είτε όχι, αφήνουμε τις λάθος πεποιθήσεις αυτές ανεμπόδιστες
να περνάνε με δύναμη στις επόμενες γενιές. Δεν νομίζετε ότι αυτό πρέπει να πάρει το τέλος
του τώρα για ένα καλύτερο και πιο ισότιμο μέλλον μακριά από φανατισμούς και απαράδεκτες
συμπεριφορές; Ευχαριστούμε για το χρόνο που μας αναθέσατε και θα επιστρέψουμε τον
επόμενο μήνα με ένα ακόμα φλέγον θέμα που μαστίζει την κοινωνία μας.
Gaze back into the Eyes of the Past
Natalia De Benedictis
6A
Σε ένα δημοκρατικό και ανθρώπινο σχολείο δεν πρέπει να έχει θέση το φαινόμενο του
κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού.
Σε κείμενο
κείμενο που
που θα
θα γράψεις
γράψεις για
για να
να δημοσιευτεί
δημοσιευτεί στην
στην εφημερίδα
εφημερίδα του
του σχολείου
σχολείου σου
σου να
να υποστηρίξεις
υποστηρίξεις την
την
Σε
πιο πάνω
πάνω άποψη
άποψη και
και να
να εισηγηθείς
εισηγηθείς τρόπους
τρόπους αποτροπής
αποτροπής του
του κοινωνικού
κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού
αποκλεισμού στην
στην μικρή
μικρή
πιο
κοινωνία του
του σχολείου.
σχολείου.
κοινωνία
Αγαπητοί αναγνώστες,
Κάθε στιγμή, κάθε λεπτό, κάθε ώρα-όπως όλοι μας γνωρίζουμε- γεννιούνται
χιλιάδες άνθρωποι όπου θα ζήσουν κάτω από μια τεράστια ομπρέλα προστασίας που
ακούει στο όνομα ‘‘ Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση ’’. Παρόλ’αυτά όμως, όσο ο πληθυσμός
αυξάνεται, ο ρατσισμός και κατά συνέπεια ο κοινωνικός αποκλεισμός γνωρίζει την ίδια
ανοδική τάση.
Τι είναι όμως πραγματικά ο ρατσισμός; Μπορεί να βρεθεί η έννοιά του με
λόγια απλά αλλά παράλληλα κατανοητικά στις σελίδες ενός λεξικού όπου όμως μπορεί
να αντικατοπτρίσει όλες τις πολύπλευρες και κρυμμένες του σημασίες; Αμφιβάλω, όχι
γιατί δεν έχουμε φιλόλογους αρκετά μορφωμένους αλλά γιατί ο ρατσισμός και ο
κοινωνικός αποκλεισμός διαφέρει από άνθρωπο σε άνθρωπο. Αυτό οφείλεται στις
αρχές της οικογένειας κάποιου ανθρώπου, τον τρόπο που μεγάλωσε, τα διδάγματα που
πήρε αλλά και όλα τα μηνύματα που λάμβανε στην τρυφερή του ηλικία που
διαμορφωνόταν ως σωστός άνθρωπος που θα μπορούσε να συμβάλει στην κοινωνία ως
ισότιμο μέλος.
Είμαι σίγουρη, ότι σχεδόν όλοι μας θα έχουμε νιώσει τον ρατσισμό και την
αποστροφή από κάποιες ΄΄ ανώτερες ομάδες ’’ στους κύκλους του σχολείου μας.
Ακούσια κάποιες φορές θέλουμε και εμείς να ενταχθούμε στο σύνολο μιας ομάδας για
να μην νιώθουμε αποξενωμένοι. Στην κοινωνία του σχολείου διαχωριζόμαστε σε
ομάδες από την πρώτη κιόλας μέρα. Οι καλοντυμένοι που κοροϊδεύουν τους
κακοντυμένους, οι όμορφοι και δυνατοί που έρχονται να κοντραριστούν με τους
άσχημους και αδύναμους και οι ‘‘πετυχημένοι’’ πολλές φορές να κοντράρονται με τους
‘‘χαμένους’’ όπως άκουσα πολλές φορές να αποκαλούν με περίσσια υπερηφάνεια.
Αυτά τα μικρά δείγματα δείχνουν τις πιο ανώδυνες μεθόδους αποκλεισμού αλλά το ίδιο
σοβαρές. Τι γίνεται όμως όταν στην μέση μπαίνουν ζητήματα χρήματος, χρώματος,
εθνικότητας, θρησκείας, πολιτικών πεποιθήσεων, νοημοσύνης ή σεξουαλικών
προτιμήσεων;
Η προκατάληψη για τις μειονότητες του πληθυσμού καταστρέφει πολλές φορές
τα πάντα. Η άφιξη ενός παιδιού στο σχολείο με διαφορετικό χρώμα ισοδυναμεί αμέσως
με το δακτυλοδείξιμο και τα χάχανα πίσω από την πλάτη του. Ναι, ναι, εμείς σίγουρα
είμαστε υπεράνω! Να, και δίπλα το παιδάκι με τα πιο λίγα χρήματα στο σχολείο, που
έρχεται καθημερινά με τα ίδια ρούχα και δεν έχει στο σπίτι του πισίνα σαν εμάς.
Σίγουρα πρέπει να φύγει από κοντά μας, δεν το θέλουμε! Συγχαρητήρια! Τώρα το παιδάκι με το διαφορετικό χρώμα δεν θα είναι μόνο, έχει και το φτωχό παιδάκι δίπλα. Τα
χάχανα διπλασιάστηκαν. Σε λίγο κατέφθασε και το παιδάκι με διαφορετική
υπηκοότητα, που κανόνας για να μην το κάνουμε παρέα είναι να κατάγεται από την Αφρική, την Ασία ή τις χώρες του πρώην ανατολικού μπλοκ που ήρθε εδώ για ένα καλύτερο και πιο βιώσιμο μέλλον. Δεν σηκώνει συζήτηση ότι δεν θα κάνει παρέα με εμάς αλλά με τους ΄΄άλλους’’. Παρακάτω φθάνει το παιδάκι με διαφορετική θρησκεία και το
παιδάκι με διαφορετικές πολιτικές πεποιθήσεις. Διπλό το πρόβλημα τώρα, δυο φορές
πιο γρήγορη η ΄΄μετακίνησή’’ τους στην ομάδα των ‘‘ διαφορετικών ’’. Στο τέλος διακρίνουμε ένα παιδί με πιο χαμηλή νοημοσύνη και ένα με διαφορετικές
σεξουαλικές προτιμήσεις.
...continued on next page
Greek
Nothing could hold back the tears that had begun to swim around his dull, grey
eyes as he held the aged oak photo frame in his trembling hands in which the indigo veins
had started to protrude the pale papery skin like rivers under ice. The faded picture stared
back at him, a younger generation in which a young boy stood gazing blankly into the
matching eyes which gazed back at him. Behind him sat his late mother, her skin as
wrinkled as his and behind stood his father standing with shoulders as broad as Africa.
Memories flew around his head as though it was only yesterday.
“When did time change so suddenly?” he thought out loud, the salty tears running
down his face, following the grooves of his marked expressions, then falling silently onto
the photograph in a splash. These quiet sobs echoed around the vintage attic like the
memories in his head as he attempted to piece together that dreadful day.
Tears were flowing down from his grey eyes and onto his lined old face. The picture
sat before him cradled in his leathery hands although it were a baby. As he placed the
photo back into the cardboard box he rose to leave his skin so thin, it was like tissue
paper, then walked towards the attic window and with a sad smile he disappeared.
It had started off bliss. The sun had glistened down upon the water letting sparks of
light play and flitter amongst the soft waves that lapped gently against the harbor wall.
The gentle breeze passed through his golden blond locks whilst he hopped merrily along
the pier. Proud parents looked on as their son admired in awe the fish which swam
beneath the ocean surface, glistening and they flipped and turned their holographic fins
catching the sunlight before a white and grey gull plunged down its wings swooping
overhead, its beak out stretched and open ready to catch its prey. The water’s glaze
reflected the sailing boats mast. Tall and proud with multicolour capes which bellowed
gently in the cool, summer breeze. The plan was to take the next vessel to the next island
after breakfast and stay there for the weekend or so, however destiny would hunt a
different path.
When merrily sailing across the sea, on a fantastic ship, in which a gallant deep red
sail had guided the way and two jolly men stood on port side and starboard side to mark
direction. He had never dreamed of doing anything but this and his ten-year-old heart was
nearly fit to burst with excitement when suddenly a roar erupted from the hull. An immense
ripping noise was heard through the cabin as the ship jittered and jumped and before he
had time to react, the port side watcher let out a mighty shout of “Rock”. A colossal
whooshing sound was heard as the walls of the hull gave into the immense water
pressure and water swept through. Nothing could blot out the sound of the screams
around him as people charged past in order to escape in the life boats. Suddenly
everybody was gone. Could he be the only one left? His heart smacked against his rib
cage as he screamed for help. Nothing could soothe the pain as he felt less and less
alone while the life rafts became smaller and smaller in the distance. Water began
dashing into the boat and filling up his nostrils. Panic swept over him as the water filled his
lungs and mouth; his persistent screaming made it worse as the sea declared him for her
own. Then, his energy was gone and a dark murky mist began to fill his grey eyes before
tuning a dark pitch abyss.
Αριθμός έκθεσης: 231
Bonjour madame.
Bonjour monsieur. Vous désirez ?
Avez-vous des tomates ?
Oui, voilà.
Alors, je voudrais un demi kilo de tomates s’il vous plaît et deux paquets de
chips.
Voilà. C’est tout ?
Oui. C’est combien ?
Six euros s’il vous plaît.
Voilà. Au revoir madame.
Au revoir monsieur et merci.
George Papakyriakou 2C
How the Suffragists Justified their Militant Tactics:
Suffragettes argued that the violence that escalated and broke out was for many reasons.
- They argued that the government had taken too much time in responding to the
suffrage when they were using peaceful tactics and that little notice was taken of
them.
- Suffragettes believed that they would never be able to persuade the government to
give them the right to vote until the government finally gave up because so much
violence was being used.
- It was a response to the police brutality that was shown towards the protesters and
that it was carried out in response to this.
- It would be an easy way to get their message across very clearly and it would catch
the government’s attention very quickly.
- It was a reaction from the 1906 Liberal government who banned them from public
meeting and so the Suffragettes believed that the only alternative was violent
methods.
Christopher Georgiou,
5A
Dans un magasin
Bonjour madame.
Bonjour monsieur. Vous désirez ?
Avez-vous des pommes ?
Oui monsieur, j’ai des pommes.
Alors, donnez-moi un kilo de pommes s’il vous plaît et une boîte de saumon.
Oui, et avec ça ?
Deux cents grammes de jambon et trois pots d’olives.
Voilà, c’est tout ?
Oui, c’est tout.
Alors, ça fait cinq euros s’il vous plaît.
Voilà madame.
Merci monsieur. Au revoir.
Au revoir madame.
Gabriella Soteriou 2E
Une carte postale
Chère famille,
Ça va ? Moi, ça va bien ! Je suis à Paris ! Avant-hier, il a fait un temps magnifique. Le matin, j’ai visité les Champs Elysées. J’ai fait du shopping et j’ai acheté
une robe et une jupe. L’après-midi j’ai fait une promenade et j’ai mangé au restaurant. Le soir je suis allée au cinéma. C’était super !!!
Julia Antoniou IB2
Journey II—Distant View
Stephanie Porfyriou 3A
À bientôt
Stéphanie
French
Dans un magasin
L’environnement est une des choses la plus intéressante
dans notre vie, et la plus importante.
Chaque nuit nous gaspillons de l’énergie. Nous devons étendre
les lumières et toutes les autres choses qui marchent avec de
l’électricité.
En plus, nous pouvons réutiliser les bidons les bouteilles
de l’eau, le papier, les boites en polystyrène. C’est selon ceci
que nous pouvons facilement sauver le monde.
Aussi, nous pouvons réutiliser l’aluminium, l’argent, le cuivre, le
fer, le magnésium ; en fait, tous les métaux.
Puis, nous devons sauver le monde car les glaces se fondent.
Alors, si la glace fond, le monde sera détruit.
A mon avis, nous devons commencer à penser plus
sérieusement à notre futur!!!
Commencez à réutiliser !
Toumazos Charalambous, 4C
Androulla Kakoulli, IB2
“Tradition and Beyond”
Irene Nicolaou, 6B
“Souvla Social Issues”
Who were the Suffragettes:
Suffragette is the label for the more radical and militant members of the late-19th and
early-20th century movement for women's suffrage in the United Kingdom, in particular
members of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU). It derives from the word
"suffrage”, meaning the right to vote. The WSPU was led by Emmeline Pankhurst and
her two daughters Christabel and Sylvia. They were a man hating autocratic
organization. Unlike their rivals the NUWSS the WSPU used militant tactics to try and
gain the right to vote in national elections.
Militant Tactics:
From 1908 the WSPU started to increase its militant tactics to put more pressure on the
politics to give them the right to vote. Propaganda posters were created of the Suffragettes. The posters showed the bad conditions they were kept in and how the police used
to force feed them if they refused to eat. They also used tax and census evasion which
they refused to pay or take part in a census as they felt that only citizens of Britain pay
tax and participate in a census and they never felt as if they were part of the population
because they could not vote and so decided not to take part in paying tax and being part
of a census. Another tactic used that caught the governments attention was window
smashing and setting alight property, however only empty buildings were set alight and
destroyed and so there were no casualties in this form of violent methods. Politician
houses and shop windows were broken. Window smashing started after 1908 because of
the ill treatment the women received when they were outside the House of Commons.
They also used a tactic that did harm to themselves and that was when they were
imprisoned. They went on hunger strikes and did not eat for many weeks until they were
let out of prison to re-gain some strength and start eating properly. After this, they were
put back in prison. However at times militant tactics were called off and a truce between
the politicians and the Suffragettes was created, for example during WW1 when
Emmeline Pankhurst stopped militancy to help her country during the war and to help
the war effort.
Effects of Militant tactics:
After people started to see how the women were acting to try and get the vote, it made
them lose a lot of support and people started to look down on them as they saw that
militant tactics were not the way to go. For example their rivals, the NUWSS, thought
that militant tactics were wrong and only believed in achieving the ‘suffrage’ by means
of peaceful methods. Unsympathetic observers towards the militant tactics started to
conclude that the Suffragettes were either mad or abnormal. Militancy for some
anti
-Suffragists was seen as a reflection of the wide spread insatiability of women and their
fanatical, frantic and hysterical tendencies. To them it was proof that women should not
be allowed to vote as they were not worthy enough as men to get the
privilege of
casting a vote.
...continued on next page
History
L’environnement

(45) και γαρ ο υιος του ανθρωπου ουκ ηλθεν διακονηθηναι αλλα

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Πρόγραμμα συνεδρίου

Invitation, Abstract

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