dedaistoria
patarebisaTvis
9
ISBN 978-9941-0-5103-6
saqarTvelos istoria patarebisaTvis 15 nawilad
N9
nugzar
molaSvili
avtorisagan
21-e saukunis Cemo umcroso Tanamemamulev!
minda mogiTxro Seni
samSoblos, saqarTvelos
istoria. istoria qveynisa,
romelmac mraval gansacdels gauZlo, bevri dabrkoleba gadalaxa.
aq bevr saintereso ambavs
amoikiTxav: rogor cxovrobdnen adamianebi didi,
Zalian didi xnis winaT,
rodesac jer kidev gamoqvabulSi edoT bina, rogor
nadirobdnen, `aTvinierebdnen~ cecxls, qmnidnen
sabrZolo da Sromis iaraRs, xnavdnen da Tesavdnen,
uvlidnen vazs, Weddnen liTons, werdnen wignebs, igeriebdnen mters da aSenebdnen eklesia-monastrebs...
gaigeb brZenTa, poetTa, gmirTa da wmindanTa
saxelebs, vinc mTeli Tavisi
Zal-Rone samSoblosa da
uflis samsaxurs Seswires...
dedaistoria patarebisaTvis
seria ibeWdeba 15 nawilad
` sxva Ze ar esva mefesa~
wigni mecxre
lTamaris gamefeba
l` svesa zeda laSasa~
l
Samqoris brZola
lruqnadinis werili
l` ZlevaSemosilni~
lTaya Tmogvelis
xuTasi rCeuli
l` vefxistyaosani~
da Tamari
Tamaris gamefeba
giorgi mesames vaJi ar hyavda, amitom mama-xelmwifem ufrosi asuli Tanamosaydred, Tanamefed,
TanammarTvelad gamoacxada, xolo mamis gardacvalebis Semdeg 18 wlis Tamari qveynis erTpirovnuli mmarTveli gaxda. Tamaris mefed kurTxevam
didi zeimiT Caiara. guldamSvidebul qarTvelebs
SeeZloT, ukve sxva saqmeebzec efiqraT.
da gavida Tbilisidan qarTvelTa laSqari, romelsac win samefo droSa miuZRoda. qarTvelTa
laSqarma basianamde ibrZola da ukan dabrunda.
Semdeg dvini dalaSqres. gamarjvebul da alafiT
damZimebul ukan momaval qarTvelebs dvinelTa da
surmanelTa laSqari moewia, magram `lomis sificxed~ qceulma jarma mteri gaaqcia, TviTon ki ,,avsebulni da saxelovanni~ mefis winaSe wardgnen.
amis Semdeg qarTvelTa laSqrobani yoveli mxriT
warimarTa da yvelgan gamarjvebiT da didi ZlevamosilebiT dasrulda.
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...mefeT-mefe Tamars Ze SeeZina, `swori Zisa RrmTisa~. axalSobils dedam laSa-giorgi uwoda.
taxtis memkvidre daibada! es RirsSesaniSnavi movlena Sesaferisad idResaswaules da, Cveulebisamebr, Seikriba laSqari ufliswulis bed-iRblis
dasadgenad. qarTvelTa mxedrobam gezi bardavisken
aiRo, didi da Zveli qalaqisken. laSqroba warmatebiT dasrulda. jari mravali tyviTa da alafiT dabrunda samSobloSi. gaxarebulma Tamarma
ufliswulis dRegrZelobisaTvis mis saxelze
30000 tyve gaaTavisufla.
gamarjvebuli daviT soslani, meuRle Tamar
mefisa, da laSqari gulmxiaruli eaxla patara
ufliswuls, magram laSqrobani laSa-giorgis
saxeliT amiT ar damTavrebula. qarTvelebma TiTqmis imavdroulad samxreT-aRmosavleTiT ilaSqres, mdinare arezis (araqsis) piramde miatanes,
ganZa amoiares da gamarjvebulni dabrundnen Sin.
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am laSqris erTi razmi mxargrZelebis _ zaqaria amirspasalarisa da ivane msaxurTuxucesis
meTaurobiT loredan Seesia araqsis sanapiroebs.
jari moulodnelad gadaeyara saqarTvelosken
samekobreod daZrul dvinelebs, bijniselebsa da
amberdelebs da musri gaavlo maT. qarTvelTa saqebarma `sulisa sificxem~ aqac Tavisi gaitana da
`avsebuli da saxelovani~ mxedroba Rirseulad
wardga `daviT sveamaRlebulisa da Tamar RvTivdamyarebulis~ winaSe.
ase Zlevamosilad dasrulda ufliswulis dabadebis aRsaniSnavad gamarTuli laSqrobani.
marTalia, Tamaris gamefebisa da taxtis memkvidris dabadebis aRsaniSnavi laSqrobebi saxelsa
da simdidres uxveWda saqarTvelos, magram Sursac
bevrs aRuZravda da mters umravlebda. saqarTvelos samxreTiT arsebul did mahmadianur samefoTa
mflobelni sul ufro aSkarad gamoxatavdnen survils saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg gamolaSqrebisa.
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Samqoris brZola
orive mxare didi omisTvis emzadeboda. sababic
moiZebna: mulidebma adarbadaganis (axlandeli
azerbaijanis) aTabagi mokles. memkvidreebad misi
Zmis Svilebi gamocxaddnen. maT memkvidreoba gainawiles, magram erTmaneTSi brZola atexes. SuaTana Zmam abu-baqarma metoqeebi daamarcxa da samflobelos erTaderTi patroni gaxda. umiwawylod
darCenili umcorisi Zma amir-mirmani Sirvanis
mflobels – aRsarTans CaesiZa, magram abu-baqari
axla Sirvans daesxa Tavs da daamarcxa aRsarTani.
Sirvani daviT aRmaSeneblis droidan saqarTvelos
ymadnafici iyo, xolo misi flobeli aRsarTani
aRmaSeneblis asulis STamomavali gaxldaT. amitom siZe-simamrma saqarTvelos samefo kars sTxova daxmareba da piradad ewvivnen Tamars. stumrebi
didi pativiT miiRes, alxines, gaarTes, magram
mTavari ar daviwyebiaT: gamalebiT emzadebodnen
salaSqrod.
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aRsarTanisa da amir-mirmanis saqarTveloSi
gamomgzavreba da qarTvelTa samzadisi abu-baqars
SeumCneveli ar darCenia. man mTeli sparseTis jari
Sehyara. qarTvelTa laSqarma daviT soslanis meTaurobiT Samqoris axlos daibanaka. soslanma
mzveravTa razmebi dagzavna yvela mimarTulebiT. maTi cnobiT, mteri mravalricxovani iyo da
axlos, SamqorTan idga. daviT soslans da didebulebs mtris siaxlove gauxardaT, siWarbe ar gahkvirvebiaT. erTi ram ver gaegoT mxolod, auracxeli jaris patronma abu-baqarma ratom miatova
ganZisa da iranis Tvaluwvdeneli velebi da ratom
gadawyvita win Semogebeba? qarTvelebma sabrZolo
rigebi daawyves. daviT soslani aRiWurva, Sejda Calisfer cxenze, romelic erTi cixisa da soflis
safasurad eyida.
qarTvelTa saomari gegma ZiriTadi laSqris
brZolaSi mogvianebiT Cabmas iTvaliswinebda, magram ugzoobam es gegma kinaRam CaSala.
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...gauWirdaT brZolaSi Cabmul qarTvelebs, magram kvlav imarjves mxargrZelebma. `viTarca vefxvTa frTosanTa~ ise gaiares darCenili manZili,
brZolaSi gadaeSvnen da walekes mtris naxevari
laSqari. miuxedavad amisa, medgrad idga aTabagi
abu-baqari. bolos gamoCnda daviT soslani jariTa da samefo droSiT: gorgaslian-daviTian-TamarianiT. mteri Sedrka, `daeca risxva RvTisa~, ukan
daixia da bolos gaiqca. qarTvelebic mihyvnen da
aRar daindes.
omi dasrulda, mteri damarcxda. aRsarTani da
amir-mirmani qebas asxamdnen daviT soslans da mis
meomrebs, magram daviTi qalaqSi Sesvlas ar Cqarobda. is Rame qarTvelebma mtris yofil banakSi
gaatares. diliT ki gamocxaddnen Samqorelni da
qalaqis kliteni miarTves. Samqoris garda daviTi
gaxda sxva qalaqTa da cixeTa mflobeli, romlebic
amir-mirmans uboZa, xolo TviTon ganZisken gaemarTa.
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gamoegebnen ganZeli didebulebi da didvaWrebi,
sasuliero da saero xelisufalni. Tavi Seavedres,
qalaqis kari gauRes da sulTnis sasaxlemde miaciles. daviT soslanic `aRvida da dajda taxtsa
sulTanisasa~. Zlevamosili gamarjvebis aRsaniSnavad ganZaSi didi zeimi gaimarTa. saqarTveloSi
maxaroblad mandaturTuxucesi Wiaberi warmoagzavnes, romelsac male mxedrobac mohyva.
didi nadavliT dabrunda laSqari: es iyo auracxeli ganZi da Tval-margaliti, uamravi tyve, 30
aTasi cxeni, 15 aTasi aqlemi, 7 aTasi jori, 40 avaza
da xalifasgan warmogzavnili droSa, romelsac
Tavzari unda daeca qarTvelTaTvis, axla ki Salva
axalcixelis xelSi iyo `datyvevebuli~. Tamarma meomrebi uxvad daasaCuqra, laSqari daSala da
daiTxova, xolo droSa xalifasi, msgavsad Tavisi
didi papisa, daviT aRmaSenebelisa, Seswira RvTismSobels gelaTis monasterSi.
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ruqnadinis werili
qarTvelTa gaZlierebiT ZilgamkrTali mahmadianebi Sesaferis saSualebas da SemTxvevas eZebdnen, raTa bolo moeRoT qristianTa moqmedebisaTvis. gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobda saqarTvelos
samxreT-dasavleTiT gadaWimuli rumis sasulTnos mflobeli ruqn ad-din suleiman Sahi, romelic gaxda Tu ara sulTani, maSinve Seudga Tavisi
gegmis ganxorcielebas. sababad qarTvelTagan
qalaq karis aReba gamoiyena. Tumca sababi raRad
sWirdebodaT isedac sabrZolvelad aRWurvil
selCukebs?! ruqnadinma Tavis Zmebsa da mezobel qveyanaTa mflobelebs mouwoda saqarTveloze salaSqrod. mokavSireebis raodenoba 400 aTass aRwevda.
,,mTasaviT maRal~ cxenze amxedrebuli ruqnadini
`varskvlavebiviT mravalricxovan~ laSqars saqarTvelosken gamouZRva, win ki mociquli afrina
ukmexi weriliTa da ukadrebeli danabarebiT.
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werilis Sinaarsi daaxloebiT aseTi iyo: `Sen
gibrZanebia qarTvelTaTvis maxvilis aReba mahmadianTa gasanadgureblad, amitom me warmomivlenia yoveli Cemi mxedroba, raTa movspo Seni qveynis
yvela mamakaci da aravin davtovo cocxali, vinc ar
momegebeba, ar mcems Tayvans, ar dalewavs jvars da
ar aRiarebs mahmadis rjuls... ~
Seiyvanes mociquli TamarTan. manac miarTva muqariT savse werili da danabarebic gadasca: ,,Tu Tqveni mefe ganudgeba qristianobas, sulTani colad
SeirTavs, Tu ara – xarWad daisvamso~...
amgvari TavxedobiT ganrisxebulma amispasalarma zaqaria mxargrZelma gaampartavnebuli
mociquli kargad gatyipa. karga xnis Semdeg mosulierebul despans sanacvlo werili gaatanes masaviT uzrdel patronTan.
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werilSi ewera: `yovlisa mpyrobeli RmerTis Zalas mindobilma da mariamis sasoebiT Semosilma,
patiosani jvris mvedrebelma wavikiTxe Seni, ruqnadin, RvTis ganmarisxebeli werili da vcan sicrue Seni, romlis ganmsjelic RmerTi iqneba. Sen
simravles da simdidres xar mindobili, xolo me
_ arc simdidres da arc jaris Zlierebas, aramed
RmerTsa da jvars, romelic Sen dagme! vagzavni mxedrobas Sens mosagebeblad. iyos neba RvTisa da ara
Seni! simarTle misi da ara Seni~.
mTel saqarTveloSi laSqris wveva gamocxadda.
molaSqreni javaxeTSi Seikribnen. mefeT-mefe Tamari varZias CabrZanda da daviT soslani da qarTveli mxedroba cremlebiT Seavedra varZiis RvTismSobels.
daiZra laSqari. winamebrZolad, anu mewinave
sardlad zaqaria mxargrZeli ganamweses, romelsac
mxars umagrebdnen Salva da ivane axalcixelebi.
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daviT soslanis gegmiT qarTvelebi sakuTar banakSi unda dasxmodnen mters Tavs. win mzveravTa
razmi gagzavnes. maTi cnobiT, mters auracxeli
jari hyavda. magram qarTvelTaTvis xelsayreli
viTarebac SeniSnes: Tavisi simravliT guldajerebul selCukebs darajebi ar hyavdaT dayenebuli.
`da iqna omi ficxeli da Zlieri~, romlis msgavsi aqamde aravis enaxa. orive mxare did danakargebs
ganicdida, magram mahmadianTa msxverpli gacilebiT meti iyo.
am SetakebaSi cxenebi moukles Zmeb axalcixelebs,
msaxurTuxuces ivane mxargrZels.
gauWirdaT qarTvelebs. cotac da, albaT, ukanac
daixevdnen, magram SeuZaxes qveiTad darCenilebma
da sxvanic CamoqveiTdnen. ixila ra es daviT soslanma, ZiriTadi Zalis Setevis mimarTuleba Secvala, raTa mxedrebs qveiTni ar gadaeqelaT.
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es manevri ise moulodneli aRmoCnda, rom aman
Tavzari dasca mowinaaRmdeges da gaiqca. axla ki
kvlav amxedrdnen qveiTnic da saerTo ZaliT daedevnen mters.
qarTvelTa erT-erTi mZlavri Setevisagan dabneula ruqnadinis saCrdilobelis damWeris cxeni,
fexi romeliRac cxovelis soroSi Cavardnia da
waforxilebula. mxedari Camovardnila da saCrdilobelic miwas danarcxebia. amis Semyure jars
ufiqria, sulTans safrTxe Seqmniao da... ara, ki ar
miSvelebian, gaqceulan...
bevri didebuli Cavarda tyved. sulTani ruqnadini da misi Zma jer arzrumSi gaiqcnen. iqidan ruqnadini, dasvenebisa da Wrilobebis movlis Semdeg,
rumis gziT ikoniaSi gadavida, sadac SurisZiebis
surviliT anTebuli, gardaicvala kidec. samarTali RvTisa gacxadda!
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ZlevaSemosilni
gamarjvebulma qarTvelebma uamravi simdidre
igdes xelT. maT Soris gamorCeuli iyo cnobili
samedicino enciklopedia `wigni saaqimo~ _ `karabadini~, romelic mwignobarTuxucesis brZanebiT saswrafod Targmnes qarTulad.
am gamarjvebas, romelic istoriaSi basianis brZolis saxeliTaa Sesuli, didi mniSvneloba hqonda. qarTvelTa Sors gatyorcnil saxels uZlevelobis Saravandedi moefina...
basianis brZolidan arcTu cota xanma ganvlo
qarTvelTaTvis mSvidobianad. amjerad ardavelis
(ardebelis) sulTani gamoirCa. didmarxvis bolo
dReebi idga. Tamar `SvidmnaTobieri~ geguTSi brZandeboda da qristes brwyinvale aRdgomis Sesaxvedrad
emzadeboda. iqve iyo mTeli samefo kari, maT Soris
Tavisi didebis zenitSi myofi Zmebi mxargrZelebi _
amirspasalari zaqaria da msaxurTuxucesi ivane.
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amiT isargebla sulTanma, amovlo mdinare araqsi da ise, rom gzad aravisTvis uvnia, aniss moadga. es yvelaferi ise mSvidad da uswrafesad moaxerxa, rom qristianebs eWvic ar auRiaT.
did SabaTs, aRdgomis Rames, sulTnis jarma
qalaqis siaxloves daibanaka sruli sabrZolo mzadyofniT. diliT, ciskarze, aRdgomiT gaxarebulma aniselebi eklesiebSi locvad dadgnen da qalaqis karibWec farTod gaxsnes. mahmadianTa mxedroba
yiJiniT Seesia qalaqs da `iwyes xocvad, kvlav, tyveobad~. mosaxleobis didi nawili, aTasobiT adamiani, eklesiebSi cxvrebiviT dakles. mxolod isini gadarCnen, vinc Tavis Sefareba gamoqvabulebsa
Tu cixeSi moaswro. anelTa gawyvetis ambavma male
miaRwia geguTs da yvelani SeaZrwuna. gamZvinvarebuli qarTveloba saomrad aRiWurva. gaemgzavra
mxedroba amier (aRmosavleT) qarTvelTa, qarTlelebis garda.
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esec erTgvari xerxi iyo, radgan qarTlelTa
amoZraveba SeumCneveli aravis darCeboda. ganvles
gelaquni, sivnieTi, gascdnen saqarTvelos sazRvrebs da rodesac mahmadianTa didi dResaswauli,
ramazani idga, ardebils miadgnen.
TiTqmis igive ganmeorda. diliT, rodesac mahmadian mlocvelTa xma gaisma, qarTvelebma Seuties,
qalaqSi SeiWrnen da is uomrad daikaves. mravali
tyve wamoasxes, romelTa Soris iyvnen sulTnis
colni da Svilni. TviTon sulTani sikvdiliT
dasajes. didi simdidre jor-aqlemebs akides, ukan
igive gza amovles da `ZlevaSemosilni~ nugeSiscemiT aniss miadgnen.
Samqorsa da basianSi gamarjvebebma qarTvelTa
mxedroba daarwmuna, rom siaxloves ar arsebobda erTiani Zala, romelic maT gaumklavdeboda,
amitom samefo karma gadawyvita, moewyo Soreuli
laSqroba iranSi, rac mTel rig politikur da
ekonomikur miznebs isaxavda.
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Taya Tmogvelis
xuTasi rCeuli
yvelaferi ase daiwyo: Zmebi zaqaria da ivane mxargrZelebi da varam gageli mefeT-mefe Tamars eaxlnen da moaxsenes: `Zliero xelmwifeo, SaravandedTa Soris umetes aRmobrwyinebulo! ixile samefo
Seni da scan simxne da siqvele spaTa SenTa... ubrZane
spaTa saqarTvelosaTa mza iyvnen laSqrobad...~ Tamarma yuradRebiT mousmina, eTaTbira amer-imeris
didebulebs da laSqroba daadgina.
salaSqrod aRWurvilma qarTvelT laSqarma
TbilisSi moiyara Tavi. Tamarma piradad Camouara jars, Seamowma misi fizikuri da sulieri mdgomareoba. qarTvelebs win didi da saxifaTo gza
edoT. qarTveli meomris simamacis ambavi jer kidev
vaxtang gorgaslis dros gamoscades indoeTSi,
sadac isini sparselTa jaris SemadgenlobaSi ibrZodnen, magram mas Semdeg didi dro gasuliyo.
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qarTvelebma gaiares naxWevani, gadalaxes mdinare araqsi da cota xanSi qalaq marands miadgnen. gaegoT ra qarTvelTa miaxloeba, marandelni
gaxiznuliyvnen, ase rom, qalaqSi aravin daxvdaT.
qarTvelebma ifiqres da daaskvnes, rom marandelTa
jari qalaqgareT iqneboda dabanakebuli. amirspasalarma ixmo Tayaidan Tmogveli, didebulTa da
aznaurTaArigebidan gamorCeuli 500 mxedari Caabara da aseTi davaleba misca: dawinaurdes, gaerkves
Seqmnil mdgomareobaSi, ar Caebas SetakebaSi, mtris
aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi Seatyobinos mxedarTmTavars da ZiriTadi laSqris mosvlas daelodoso.
xuTaseuli amxedrda, avlo marandis aRmarTi
da vakeze avida. rogorc aRmoCnda, arc marandelni msxdaran gulxeldakrefilni. maT qarTvelT
moZraoba ar gamohparviaT,Aam razmis erTi dartymiT ganadgureba gadauwyvetiaT da didi ZalebiT
Tavs daesxnen.Mmematianes marandelTa raodenobis Sesaxeb cnoba ar Semounaxavs.
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savaraudoa, rom isini bevrad sWarbobdnen 500
qarTvels, magram maTi Canafiqri ar gamarTlda.
qarTvelTa winmavalma razmma ise Seutia mters,
rom didi nawili daxoca, danarCeni ki gaaqcia da
brZolis azartSi Sesuli mas daedevna. amasobaSi,
ZiriTadma laSqarmac moaRwia da maT winaSe saocari suraTi gadaiSala: mindori daxocilebiT iyo
savse, ,,xuTasi Subi xuTassa kacsa da cxensa ze daesva~. xolo qarTveli, cocxali an mkvdari, erTic
arsad sCanda.
sagonebelSi Cacvivdnen didebulebica da ubralo meomrebic. mwuxare zaqaria fiqrs miscemoda
da momxdari ver aexsna, magram gavida mcire xani da
devnisagan udanakargod dabrunda Tmogvelis xuTaseuli. didad gaixares qarTvelebma.
yiJinas, milocvebsa da ambis gamokiTxvas bolo
ar uCanda. mxolod ori, mdidrulad aRkazmuli
raindi Canda moRuSuli – amirspasalari da Taya
Tmogveli.
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pirveli Tmogvels mkacrad afrTxilebda da
ujavrdeboda davalebis SeusruleblobisaTvis.
meore ki, Tumca Tavis marTlebas fiqrobda, magram
vera bedavda.
...mxedrobam gezi qalaq Tavrizisken aiRo. Tavzari daecaT TavrizelT. saswrafod Seikribnen da
daadgines, xarkis micemiT, ZRveniTa da xvewna-mudariT `daemSvidebinaT qarTvelni~. marTlac, qalaqis warCinebulebma uTvalavi oqro da vercxli,
Tval-margaliti, Sesamoseli, laSqris sakvebi,
cxenebi, jorebi da aqlemebi moarTves. aivso simdidriT didgvarovanica da udidgvaroc. TviT mravlismnaxvelni zaqaria da ivane mxargrZelebic
ver faravdnen gaocebas.
Seiwyales da Seivrdomes qarTvelebma Tavrizelni, mcvelni dauyenes da gza ganagrZes, romelic
qalaq mianamde gadioda. mianelTa meliqma TavrizelTa magaliTs mibaZa, didi simdidris sanacvlod mSvidoba iTxova da miiRo kidec.
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Aaqac mcvelTaArazmi Caayenes qarTvelebma da
gezi samxreTisken aiRes. Tumca Soreulma laSqrobam, misma tempma Tavisi gaitana da meomrebic daiRalnen. simdidriT datvirTul laSqars winsvla
uZneldeboda da samSobloSi dabruneba gadawyvites. gzad yvela dapyrobili didi saCuqrebiT xvdeboda. bolos moawies Tbiliss.
didad gaixares qarTvelebma. Tvalcremlianma
mefeT-mefe Tamarma mTeli Rame RvTis samadlobel
locvaSi gaatara, Semdeg yvela mefuri guluxvobiT daasaCuqra da daSla ubrZana. miuxedavad imisa,
rom Tamaris dros qarTuli saxelmwifo uZleveli
da warmatebuli iyo, TviTon mefe gaxldaT Zalze
Tavmdabali, mowyale da Semwynarebeli, WeSmariti
patroni Tavisi qveynisa, samagaliTo qristiani,
romelic samefoSi yvelas uyvarda – glexs Tu didgvarovans. misi saxeli qarTvelTa salocavi gaxda, xolo misi droindeli saqarTvelo _ mudmivi
ocnebis sagani!
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`vefxistyaosani~ da Tamari
SoTa rusTavelis Sesaxeb xom gsmenia? ramdenime
aforizmi zepiradac ici? Zalian kargi.
`vefxistyaosani~ ukvdavi nawarmoebia da saqarTvelos erT-erTi saganZuri. bevrma zepirad
icoda da icis, mis aforizmebs xSirad iyenebdnen
da iyeneben Taobebis aRsazrdelad; igi aswavlida
da aswavlis moyvasisadmi siyvaruls, megobrobas,
samSoblosaTvis Tavdadebas, sikeTes, borotebis
winaaRmdeg brZolas, ukeTesi momavlisTvis zrunvas, siaxlis damkvidrebas.
SoTa rusTavelis Sesaxeb biografiuli cnobebi
ar Semonaxula, amitom misi saxeli idumal samoselSia gaxveuli. `vefxistyaosnis~ prologSi, anu
winaTqmaSi avtori orjer axsenebs sakuTar Tavs:
`davje, rusTvelman gavleqse~... da `me, rusTveli
xelobiTa viqm saqmesa ama dari~.
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mecnierebi sruli ueWvelobiT amboben, rom ,,vefxistyaosnis~ avtori saxelad SoTa, zedwodebiT
rusTaveli, yofila Tamar mefis Tanamedrove didgvarovani feodali, mesxeTis an hereTis rusTavis
mflobeli, saidanac warmodga misi zedwodeba. varaudoben, rom SoTa rusTaveli meTormete saukunis samocian wlebSi daibada. igi unda yofiliyo
TorelTa sagvareulos warmomadgeneli, unda sWeroda meWurWleTuxucesis Tanamdeboba.
mecnierebi imasac fiqroben, rom rusTavelma
xandazmulobaSi SeakeTebina ierusalimis jvris
monasteri, moaxatvina misi svetebi da am RvawlisTvis SoTas saxeli monastris sulTa mosaxseniebel wignSi Seitanes, xolo gumbaTs qvemoT erTerT svetze Cveni didi poetis freskac moaTavses. is
patara zomisaa da masze qarTveli moxuci didebuli daCoqili da xelapyrobili mlocvelis saxiTaa gamosaxuli. iqvea misi vinaobis damadasturebeli warwerac.
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SoTa rusTavelis saxels uamravi legenda, Tqmuleba, xalxuri leqsi ukavSirdeba, romelTa
mixedviT mas unda eswavla iyalToSi, xolo Semdeg
bizantiaSi, manganis akademiaSi. Cven es danamdvilebiT ar viciT, magram `vefxistyaosani~ aSkarad
adasturebs poetis Rrma ganaTlebas, usazRvro
poetur SesaZleblobebsa da niWierebas. Cvenamde ar
Semonaxula SoTa rusTavelis sxva nawarmoebebi.
`vefxistyaosnis~ xelnawerebi mxolod XVI
s-is miwurulsa da Semdgomi xanidanaa moRweuli.
poema pirvelad daibeWda vaxtang VI-is mier daarsebul stambaSi, TbilisSi, 1712 wels, vaxtang
meeqvsisave redaqciiTa da komentarebiT.
,,vefxistyaosnis~ personaJebi ucxo qveynebis
mcxovrebni arian, magram poemaSi realurad saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi cxovrebaa asaxuli.
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indoeTisa da arabeTis samefo karze ganviTarebuli movlenebi saocrad hgavs XII s-is meore
naxevris saqarTvelos samefo karis viTarebas: samivegan xelmwifed zis pirovneba, visac RmerTma
ar uboZa vaJi, hyavs mxolod asuli, romelic unda
gaxdes saxelmwifo taxtis mflobeli da gaxdeba
kidec.
imasac ambobdnen, rom SoTas Tamar mefe hyvarebia upasuxod da misTvis miuZRvnia es didebuli
nawarmoebi.
rogorc ar unda iyos, `vefxistyaosani~ qarTvelebisTvis diadi saganZuria, cxovrebis megzuri
da maswavlebeli. didi imedi maqvs Seni! darwmunebuli var, Seiyvareb am didebul nawarmoebs da gaufrTxildebi mas!
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35
t
Semdegi wigni
seria ibeWdeba 15 nawilad
jvarcmuli saqarTvelo
wigni meaTe
l
Salva da ivane
axalcixelebi
l
` Savleg, Seni Savi Coxa...~
ljalaledinis laSqroba
l
asi aTasi wamebuli
l
cotne dadiani
l
demetre meore
Tavdadebuli
l
wminda mowame
nikoloz dvali
redkolegia:
redaqtori
lela zurebiani
kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa
daTo mosiaSvili
mxatvari
zviad gogolaZe
stilisti
Tamuna beraZe
Jurnal `batibutas~ biblioTeka
misamarTi: Tbilisi, diRomi 7;
www.batibuta.ge
e-mail:[email protected]
tel: 218-42-32
ISBN 978-9941-0-5103-6 (yvela nawili)
ISBN 978-9941-0-6040-3 (mecxre nawili)