Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF NEW AND INSERVICE PAVEMENTS IN ITALY USING HIGH-SPEED NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING Ing. Stefano Drusin [email protected] ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA ANAS Company Profile Key facts & figures Established in 1928 Joint-stock company (100% property of Ministry of Treasury) Quality certified (e.g. UNI ISO 9001/2000 and 17020/2005) Share Capital: 2,269,892,000 Euro Turnover: 2,900,000,000 Euro (in the last 5 years) Employees: 6,700 (6,500 in Italy) Managed Road/Motorway network : 25,000 km ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 2 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA ANAS Company Profile Managing Italian national road network Construction of new highway and motorways Maintenance of the national road and motorway network Works Supervision on all road works Mission Study and research on safety and road maintenance ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 3 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA Research and Innovation ANAS invests significant resources in research and innovation in all road related activities (materials; road safety; road management, etc.).. The Cesano National Research Centre is the scientific, and technical heart of ANAS setting standards, quality criteria and best practices for the entire road infrastructure ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 4 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA CONCRETE AND STEEL LABORATORY HIGH SPEED SURVEY ASPHALT CONCRETE LABORATORY SOIL AND ROCK LABORATORY VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL SIGN LABORATORY ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 5 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA ROAD PAVEMENTS have been deeply changed due to the SCIENTIFIC EVOLUTION in this field 1928 STARTING FROM EMPIRICAL SOLUTIONs BASED ON EXPERIENCE PAVEMENTS EARNED THE DIGNITY OF SCIENCE PAVEMENTS ARE NOW TREATED SUCH AS A PROPER STRUCTURE TO BE DESIGNED not only in terms of materials, thickness, etc BUT MAINLY IN TERMS OF PERFORMANCES TO BE GAINED IN THE FIELD PERFORMANCEs PROVIDED BY CONTRACTORS MUST BE VERIFIABLE DESIGN IN EACH PART OF THE WORK THIS IS ANAS PERFORMANCES BASED METHODOLOGY 2013 DESIGN CONTROL LAYING ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 6 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Evaluation of Actual Network Condition Testing and Approval of Works ANAS network about 25.000 Km Blacksburg, VIRGINIA Pavement Design All step integrated in the ANAS management system based on performance evaluation Pavement Construction Maintenance of existing road New road construction ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 7 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 1- STEP OF EVALUATION OF THE ACTUAL NETWORK CONDITION TROUGH THE HIGH EFFICENCY SURVEY 3 - STEP OF PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION Blacksburg, VIRGINIA 2 - STEP OF PAVEMENT DESIGN FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION OR FOR MAINTENANCE OF EXISTING PAVEMENT 4 - STEP OF QUALITY CONTROL TROUGH THE HIGH EFFICENCY SURVEY FOR FINAL APPROUVAL OF WORK ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 8 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA The ANAS Management System is based on Performance Indicator (PI)connected to Technical Parameter (TP) The PI is a non-dimensional measurement unit, which varies from 0 to 100, and measures the DIFFUSION of the TP that is under evaluation. Its distribution, in the different levels of QUALITY of the TP, defines the state of the pavement An illustrative example for the TP “skid resistance” clarifies the concept ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 9 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA TECHNICAL PARAMETER A B C D E In this example SKID NUMBER CAT QUALITY LEVELS A% --------> Percentage of pavement at level A B% --------> Percentage of pavement at level B C% --------> Percentage of pavement at level C D% --------> Percentage of pavement at level D Excellent Good Medium Sufficient Bad etc. The averaged diffusion of the different levels represent the Performance Indicator of skid resistance ANAS formula to averaged this diffusion could be I CAT= f (A+3/4B+1/2C+1/4D) ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 10 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA ICAT = Performance Indicator of skid resistance In this way the index varies from 0 to 100 Following the suggested formula: I CAT= f (A+3/4B+1/2C+1/4D) IF A = 100% I CAT = 100 IF A,B,C,D = 0% I CAT = 0 ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 11 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA The ANAS Management System is based on performance indicator (PI) The ANAS Management System is based on measurement of the overall Quality of the road starting from the Technical Parameters. ANAS proposes the today best technology to fast measure each parameters taking into account environmental and traffic constraints. For each evaluation more than one parameter is needed, for example the pavement parameters are: • Skid Resistance • Roughness • Bearing Capacity NEW • Distresses • Traffic Noise Technical Parameters are measured trough the HIGH SPEED EQUIPMENT that measure the road on site, continuously, with high accuracy, high speed, and extremely low impact on traffic. ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 12 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA FWD - “FALLING WEIGHT DEFLECTOMETER” ERMES ROUTINE EVALUATION OF MACROTEXTURE, EVENNES AND SKID RESISTANCE TP FSD Dynamic Road Phonometer PAV TSD - TRAFFIC SPEED DEFLECTOMETER HORIZONTAL SIGN ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 13 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA BEARING CAPACITY COLLECTED AT HIGH SPEED NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING NEW TRAFFIC SPEED DEFLECTOMETER IN CONNECTION WITH “SLOW” FWD TEST ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 14 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 FIRST INTERNATIONAL TSD TRIAL IN DENMARK 2013 DENMARK 1° TSD Blacksburg, VIRGINIA ITALY POLAND AUSTRALIA ANAS HAS DEVELOPED Since 2009 THE USE OF TSD FOR FINAL APPROVAL OF WORK ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 15 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 BEATRING CAPACITY MEASUREMENT Blacksburg, VIRGINIA THE SHAPE OF DEFLECTIONS BASIN DEPENDS ON CONTRIBUTION BY ALL DIFFERENT LAYERS … DEFLECTIONS FARREST FROM THE LOAD (D1500) PROVIDES INDICATIONS ON THE BC OF SUBGRADE BEARING CAPACITY IS THE RESULT OF EACH COMPONENT such as MATERIAL, LAYERS, THEIR INTERACTION INCLUDED ANY CRACK INSIDE THEM ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 16 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA DEFLECTION BASINS CAN BE MEASURED WITH TWO ALTERNATIVES EQUIPEMENTS FWD and TSD measure same parameter by different systems and different speed. F.W.D. FALLING WHEIGHT DEFLECTOMETER T.S.D. TRAFFIC SPEED DEFLECTOMETER 850 KPa ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 17 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA Measuring Pavement Bearing Capacity with Traditional System Applied stress load (1700 kPa) to simulate traffic conditions Recorded air temperature at each measurement Surface repair IS300 = D0 - D300 IS200 = D0 - D200 adjusted to consider the deformability of the substrate D1500 Deep repair D300 RS control D900 D200 D0 RP control IS indexes are corrected and reported to standard conditions (14 ° C) IS14°C C ×(14 −Ttesting ) =e ISTtesting Ttesting = Tair (easy to evaluate). ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 18 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA Measuring Pavement Bearing Capacity with ANAS TSD Stress load is applied continuously by a 12 tons loaded wheel rolling at 80 km/h Multiple temperature recordings RP control CALCULATED VALUES ARE THE SAME Deep repair IS300 = D0 - D300 MEASUREMENTS ARE CONTINUOUSLY RECORDED (1 m) AND AVERAGED EVERY 10 m RS control Surface repair IS200 = D0 - D200 ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 19 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Siti sperimentali Evaluation 2014 September 15 2014 Blacksburg, e -18, risultati ottenutiVIRGINIA INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE English Temp_10cm_Avg Temp_superfice_Avg Temp_10cm_Avg IS300 versus Temp_aria_Avg Tair standard 7060 200 55 180 60 50 160 30 30 BELLS3 Temp_05cm_Avg BELLS3 Tpav from air BELLS3 Tpav from air Temp_15cm_Avg Temp_10cm_Avg Tpav from air Temp_20cm_Avg ANAS for RP C=0.037 IS-Tair b English Standard HD 29/08 140 IS300 (micron) 40 35 IS-Tair ANAS c=0.022 IS-Tair Baltzer and Janzen 45 50 40 IS-Tair ANAS c=0.037 from Baltzer and Janzen 120 100 80 60 25 Connessione via modem o diretta ANAS for RS C=0.022 SS1 “Aurelia” km 23.500 40 2020 15 20 WIM and temperature sensors 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 10 10 17/08/2009 17/08/2009 18/08/2009 18/08/2009 19/08/2009 14/08/2009 14/08/2009 15/08/2009 15/08/2009 16/08/2009 16/08/2009 Tair (°C) 01/08/2009 0.0012.0006/08/2009 0.00 11/08/2009 0.000.00 16/08/2009 21/08/2009 0.00 31/08/2009 0.00 12.00 12.000.00 0.00 12.00 26/08/2009 0.00 0.00 12.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ANAS - Condirezione Generale – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie ANAS s.p.a.S.p.A. - Codirezione Generale TecnicaTecnica - Unità Ricerca e Innovazione – Centro Sperimentale StradalePag. 20 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA BEARING CAPACITY ASSESSMENT’S CRITERIA - DESIGNED IS300 VALUE IS CALCULATED FOR THE PAVEMENT STRUCTURE - SINCE IS300 IS AFFECTED BY TEMPERATURE SOME TEMPERATURE CONSTRAINTS MUST BE CONSIDERED ACCEPTANCE CURVE RESTRICTED NON RESTRICTED (VALID) AREA required by the acceptance RESTRICTED AREA AREA PENALITY DESIGNED IS300 EXAMPLE ACCEPTED AVERAGE VALUES IS FALLING WITHIN “ VALID AREA” - IF HIGHER THAN FIXED ONES WILL BE UNDER PENALTY - IF LOWER THEY WILL BE ACCEPTED ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 21 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA NEW CURVES IN PROGRESS FOR IS COMPLIANCE VERIFICATION Present acceptance curves IS showed troubles in case of excessive use of recycled materials (RAP) Very strong pavements showed very low values of Is with negative influence on long term perfomance and reduction of residual life IS Due to this Is acceptance curve have been adjusted to be sure that designed fatigue life of mixes will be obtained BEARING CAPACITY and FATIGUE LIFE ARE CHECKED WITH ONE SINGLE HIGH PERFORMANCE TEST ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 22 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 FATIGUE OF MIXES IS TESTED BY ITS TESTS BASED ON Blacksburg, VIRGINIA FAST ANAS MEASUREMENT OF FATIGUE LIFE SINUSOIDAL LOAD AT 10Hz AND 20 °C Air Temperature CURVE DI FATICA 4.00 3.50 TENSIONE APPLICATA σ daN/cmq 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 CICLI A ROTTURA FATIGUE RESISTANCE IS CHECKED COMPARING VARIOUS MIXES WITH A REFERENCE ONE – THE GREEN ONE ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 23 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA NEW CURVES IN PROGRESS FOR IS COMPLIANCE VERIFICATION TO PREVENT CONTRATORS FROM USING TOO RIGID MIXES WITH LESS DEFORMABILTY BUT LESS RESIDUAL LIFE, A LOWER ACCEPTANCE CURVE WAS ADDED TO THE UPPER ONE. A B C IS VALUES INCLUDED IN AREA “A” ARE NOT ACCEPTABLE IS VALUES INCLUDED IN AREA “B” ARE ACCEPTABLE IS VALUES INCLUDED IN AREA “C” ARE UNDER PENALTY OR FATIGUE TEST ON CORES MUST BE REPEATED (by comparison) ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 24 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA LET’S GO BACK TO THE MANAGEMENT OF PARAMETERS DETECTED 1. EVALUATION OF HOMOGENEOUS SECTION BY SPECIFIC SOFTWARE 2. DISTRIBUTION OF QUALITY LEVELS ON THE ROAD 3. DESIGN OF MAINTENANCE 4. WORKS 5. PUNCTUAL CONTROL OF RESULTS OBTAINED WITH THE WORKS ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 25 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA 1 - RESULTS PROCESSED TO FIND HOMOGENEOUS SECTIONS NAMELY SECTIONS SHOWING “STABLE” VALUES SINGOL VALUES IS NOT SIGNIFICANT AVERAGE PENALTY SINGOL VALUE VALUE OF SECTION REQUIRED VALUE GOOD THE AVERAGE VALUE (OF EACH SECTION) INSTEAD MUST COMPLY WITH REQUIRED ONES ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 26 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA 2. DISTRIBUTION OF QUALITY LEVELS ON THE ROAD New works 300 IS300 (14°C Tair) New pavement Existing HOMOGENEOUS SECTION IS300 (14°C Tair) 300 250 works Very poor TECHNICAL PARAMETER Very poor Rejected 200 TECHNICAL PARAMETER pavement HOMOGENEOUS SECTION 250 EXISTING PAVEMENT OF 2 KM Existing Rejected 200 Poor Poor 150 150 Sufficient Accepted with Accepted 100 penalty 100 50 with Accepted penalty 050 39000 40000 41000 42000 Accepted 0 39000 Sufficient Medium 40000 41000 43000 44000 Chianage (m ) 42000 45000 46000 47000 Good Medium Excellent Good 48000 49000 Excellent 43000 44000 Chianage (m ) 45000 MANAGING INDICATOR is I bc = 25 + ¾ 15 = 36,25 46000 47000 48000 49000 I bc = 36,25 ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 27 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA BEARING CAPACITY OF THE NETWORK IS REGULARLY INVESTIGATED PERFORMANCE INDICATOR IBC IS CALCULATED «Premium network» IBC80,1 (100) 25.000 Km Excellent Good Medium Sufficient Poor Very Poor LEVELS of IS30014°C ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 28 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA 3. DESIGN OF MAINTENANCE ReportS DISTRIBUTION OF PERFORMANCE INDICATOR USING GEOGRAFICAL REPRESENTATION LOCATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF OPTIMAL MAINTENANCE SUPPORTED BY THE SOFTWARE ROAD EYE ROAD EYE Software Google MAPS ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 29 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Materials 3. DESIGN OF MAINTENANCE “ANY MATERIAL” •Virgin materials •Marginal materials •Recycling •Etc. etc Design of thichnesses and evaluation residual life Blacksburg, VIRGINIA Fatigue life and Moduli “Measure of fatigue life of material” Simplified fatigue life machine “ANAS” Reference curves for final acceptance EXAMPLE - definition of Performance Bearing Capacity by Is Structural Index Lavorazione tipo RPA1 - Valori limiti ammissibili per Indice Strutturale e pressione applicata 1700kPa 110 zona non valida per le verificihe di accettabilità della lavorazione 100 zona valida per le verificihe di accettabilità della lavorazione zona non valida per le verificihe di accettabilità della lavorazione IS300 90 80 70 schiumato con 1 mese di maturazione 60 schiumato con 6 mesi di maturazione 50 schiumato con 1 anno di maturazione 40 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 T aria °C 19 21 23 25 27 29 ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 30 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA 4. WORKS ANAS in 2009 adopted a CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS where the approval and the final payment is related to the test performed at the end of work with measurements made with high-speed non-destructive testing ANAS STANDARD SPECIFICATION 5. PUNCTUAL CONTROL OF RESULTS OBTAINED WITH THE WORKS ….to PAY ONLY WORKS WELL DONE! THIS APPROACH enhances the self-control of the executing company during the execution of the work ONLY JOB WELL DONE WILL BE PAYED ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 31 Centro Sperimentale Stradale Pavement Evaluation 2014 September 15 -18, 2014 Blacksburg, VIRGINIA FWD ERMES FSD TSD ANAS MANAGEMENT WITH THE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ANAS S.p.A. - Condirezione Generale Tecnica – Direzione Centrale Ricerca e Nuove Tecnologie Pag. 32 Centro Sperimentale Stradale
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