file (1.5 MB, pdf)

C Programming Laboratory [13MCA16]
Laboratory Manual
~ Ganesh Hegde
/hegde.ganesh7
/GaneshSirsi
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C Programming Laboratory [13MCA16]
C Programming Laboratory
Sub. Code : 13MCA16
Hrs/Week : 4
Total Hours : 42
100
IA Marks : 50
Exam Hours : 03
Exam Marks :
1. a. Convert degrees into Fahrenheit and vice versa
b. Calculate the salary of an employee given his basic pay, HRA = 10% of basic pay,
TA=5% of his basic pay and deductions IT = 2.5% of his basic pay
2. a. Check whether the given number is perfect number
positive divisors, that is, the sum of its positive divisors excluding the number
itself.
Example - The first perfect number is 6, because 1, 2, and 3 are its proper positive
divisors, and 1 + 2 + 3 = 6.
b. Solve quadratic equations for the given values of a,b,c.
3 a. Generate all Amstrong numbers upto n.
Defn: An Armstrong number of three digits is an integer such that the sum of the
cubes of its digits is equal to the number itself.
Example - 371 is an Armstrong number, since 3**3 + 7**3 + 1**3 = 371
b. Convert a decimal number to a hexadecimal number
4. a. Write a menu driven C program to
a. Insert an element into an array
b. Delete an element from the array (first occurrence)
5. a. Write a Menu Driven C Program to
a. Accept a string from the user
b. Encode the string.
c. Decode the string
Apply the following procedure to encode it.
1. Convert each character in a string to its ASCI value.
2. Add an integer value to it and display the encoded string
3. Decode the string using reverse procedure and display.
6. Write a C program to multiply two matrices that satisfy the constraint of matrix
Multiplication
7. Write a C program to find the saddle point of a matrix.
Defn: Given a RxC Matrix, A, i.e. R rows and C columns we define a Saddle-Point
as Saddle_Pt (A) for a row I and column j is that A(i,j) that is the minimum of Row
i and the maximum of Col j.
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8. Write a C program to implement a magic square of size n.
Defn: A magic square is an arrangement of numbers (usually integers) in a square
grid, where the numbers in each row, and in each column, and the numbers that run
diagonally in both directions, all add up to the same number.
9. Write a Menu driven C program to
a. Accept two numbers n and m
b. Sum of all integers ranging from n to m
c. Sum of all odd integers ranging from n to m
d. Sum of all even integers ranging from n to m
Display an error message if n > m. Create functions for each of the options
10. Write a Menu Driven C Program to implement the following using recursion
a. Factorial of a number
b. Fibonacci series
11. Create a structure Complex Number having real and imaginary part as properties.
Write functions to add and subtract the two complex numbers.
12. Define a structure called student having the properties of student_id, student name
and branch of the student with a sub structure of marks of 3 subjects. Write a
Menu Driven C Program to
a. Add new student detail
b. Delete a student detail
c. Display all student details
d. Display the average marks scored by the students
13. a. Write a C Program to remove all white spaces and newline characters from a
file.
b. Find whether a given word exists in the file. If it exists display the location of the
word
14. Write a C program to copy one file content to another file without using inbuilt
functions
Note: All the programs compiled and executed with visual studio developer command prompt mode.
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1. A. CONVERT DEGREES INTO FAHRENHEIT AND VICE VERSA
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(){
float cel,fahr;
int d;
clrscr();
while(1){
printf("\nEnter the Choice\n");
printf("\n1.Degree to Fahrenheit\n2.Fahrenheit to Degree\n3.Exit\n");
scanf("%d",&d);
switch(d){
case 1:
printf("\nEnter temp in Celsius : ");
scanf("%f",&cel);
fahr = (1.8 * cel) + 32;
printf("\nTemperature in Fahrenheit : %f ",fahr);
break;
case 2:
printf("\nEnter temp in Fahrenheit : ");
scanf("%f",&fahr);
cel = (100.0 / 180.0) * (fahr - 32);
printf("\nTemperature in Degree : %f ",cel);
break;
case 3:
exit(0);
}
}
}
OUTPUT:
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1. . CALCULATE THE SALARY OF AN EMPLOYEE GIVEN HIS BASIC PAY,
HRA = 10% OF BASIC PAY, TA=5% OF HIS BASIC PAY AND
DEDUCTIONS IT = 2.5% OF HIS BASIC PAY
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(){
double bpay;
printf("\nEnter the basic pay of employee :");
scanf("%lf",&bpay);
printf("Salary==>%lf",(bpay+(bpay*0.10)+(bpay*0.05)+(bpay*0.025)));
}
OUTPUT:
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2. A. CHECK WHETHER THE GIVEN NUMBER IS PERFECT NUMBER
POSITIVE DIVISORS, THAT IS, THE SUM OF ITS POSITIVE
DIVISORS EXCLUDING THE NUMBER ITSELF.
EXAMPLE - THE FIRST PERFECT NUMBER IS 6, BECAUSE 1, 2, AND
3 ARE ITS PROPER POSITIVE DIVISORS, AND 1 + 2 + 3 = 6
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int n,i=1,sum=0;
printf("\nEnter a number: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
while(i<n){
if(n%i==0)
sum+=i;
i++;
}
if(sum==n)
printf("\n%d is a Perfect Number",i);
else
printf("\n%d is Non Perfect Number",i);
}
OUTPUT:
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2. B. SOLVE QUADRATIC EQUATIONS FOR THE GIVEN VALUES OF
A,B,C.
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<process.h>
void main() {
float a,b,c,root1,root2;
float realp,imagp,disc;
//clrscr();
printf("\n\t\t******** ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION *******\n");
printf("Enter the values to a,b and c :- ");
scanf("%f%f%f",&a,&b,&c);
if(a==0||b==0||c==0) {
printf("Error:Roots cannot be determined\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
disc=b*b-4.0*a*c;
if(disc<0) {
printf("Imaginary Roots\n");
realp=-b/(2.0*a);
imagp=sqrt(abs(disc))/(2.0*a);
printf("Root1 = %f +i %f\n",realp,imagp);
printf("Root2 = %f -i %f\n",realp,imagp);
}
else if(disc == 0) {
printf("Roots are real and equal\n");
root1=-b/(2.0*a);
root2=root1;
printf("Root1 = %f\n",root1);
printf("Root2 = %f\n",root2);
}
else if(disc >0) {
printf("Roots are real and distinct\n");
root1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2.0*a);
root2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2.0*a);
printf("Root1 = %f\n",root1);
printf("Root2 = %f\n",root2);
}
}
//getch();
}
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OUTPUT:
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3. A. GENERATE ALL AMSTRONG NUMBERS UPTO N.
DEFN: AN ARMSTRONG NUMBER OF THREE DIGITS IS AN
INTEGER SUCH THAT THE SUM OF THE CUBES OF ITS DIGITS
IS EQUAL TO THE NUMBER ITSELF.
EXAMPLE - 371 IS AN ARMSTRONG NUMBER, SINCE 3**3 + 7**3 + 1**3 = 371
SOURCE CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
void main(){
int r;
long n = 0, i, sum = 0, temp;
printf("Enter an integer upto which you want to find armstrong numbers\n");
scanf("%ld",&n);
printf("Following armstrong numbers are found from 1 to %ld\n",n);
for( i = 1 ; i <= n ; i++ )
{
temp = i;
while( temp != 0 )
{
r = temp%10;
sum = sum + r*r*r;
temp = temp/10;
}
if ( i == sum )
printf("%ld\n", i);
sum = 0;
}
}
OUTPUT:
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3. B. CONVERT A DECIMAL NUMBER TO A HEXADECIMAL NUMBER
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
long int dec,r,q;
int i=1,j,temp;
char hexadec[100];
printf("Enter any decimal number: ");
scanf("%ld",&dec);
q = dec;
while(q!=0){
temp = q % 16;
if( temp < 10)
temp =temp + 48;
else
temp = temp + 55;
hexadec[i++]= temp;
q = q / 16;
}
printf("Equivalent hexadecimal value of decimal number %d: ",dec);
for(j = i -1 ;j> 0;j--)
printf("%c",hexadec[j]);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
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4. A. WRITE A MENU DRIVEN C PROGRAM TO
A. INSERT AN ELEMENT INTO AN ARRAY
B. DELETE AN ELEMENT FROM THE ARRAY (FIRST OCCURRENCE)
SOURCE CODE:
int a[100];
void main()
{
int n,r,i;
printf("Please enter the size of the array");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\nPlease enter Elements of the array\n");
for (i= 0; i< n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
printf("Please enter the number to be removed: ");
scanf("%d",&r);
i= remove(n,r);
if (i!= -1)
{
printf("%d is found at %d position and removed\n",r,i);
printf("Contents of the array After deletion\n");
for (i= 0; i< n-1;i++)
printf("%d\n",a[i]);
}
else
printf("Item Not Found!!!");
}
int remove(int n, int r)
{
int i,c,j;
for (i= 0; i < n; i++)
if (a[i] == r){
j=i;
for ( c = i ; c < n - 1 ; c++ )
a[c] = a[c+1];
return i;
}
return -1;
}
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OUTPUT:
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5. A. WRITE A MENU DRIVEN C PROGRAM TO
A. ACCEPT A STRING FROM THE USER
B. ENCODE THE STRING.
C. DECODE THE STRING
APPLY THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURE TO ENCODE IT.
1. CONVERT EACH CHARACTER IN A STRING TO ITS ASCI VALUE.
2. ADD AN INTEGER VALUE TO IT AND DISPLAY THE ENCODED STRING
3. DECODE THE STRING USING REVERSE PROCEDURE AND DISPLAY.
SOURCE CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
char name[100],i;
printf("Enter String: ");
scanf("%s",name);
for(i=0;i<strlen(name);i++)
{
name[i]=name[i]+5;
}
for(i=0;i<strlen(name);i++)
{
printf("String after encoding(ASCII+5)\n");
for(i=0;i<strlen(name);i++)
printf("%d\n",name[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<strlen(name);i++)
{
name[i]=name[i]-5;
}
printf("String after Decoding\n");
printf("%s",name);
}
OUTPUT:
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6. WRITE A C PROGRAM TO MULTIPLY TWO MATRICES THAT SATISFY
THE CONSTRAINT OF MATRIX MULTIPLICATION
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int i,j,k,a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
int r1,r2,c1,c2;
//clrscr();
printf("Enter 1st matrix size\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
printf("Enter 2nd matrix size\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r2,&c2);
if(c1!=r2)
printf("Matrix multiplication is not possible\n");
else
{
printf("Enter elements to 1st matrix\n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
printf("Enter elements to 2nd matrix\n");
for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<c1;k++)
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}
printf("Product of 2 matrix is\n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++){
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
}
//getch();
}
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OUTPUT:
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7. WRITE A C PROGRAM TO FIND THE SADDLE POINT OF A MATRIX.
DEFN: GIVEN A RXC MATRIX, A, I.E. R ROWS AND C COLUMNS WE
DEFINE A SADDLE-POINT AS SADDLE_PT (A) FOR A ROW I
AND COLUMN J IS THAT A(I,J) THAT IS THE MINIMUM OF
ROW I AND THE MAXIMUM OF COL J.
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int a[10][10],i,j,k,n,min,max,col,m;
//clrscr();
printf("enter order m,n of mxn matrix : ");
scanf("%d %d",&m,&n);
printf("enter elements row-wise\n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
min=a[i][0];
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i][j]<=min)
{
min=a[i][j];
col=j;
}
}
max=a[0][col];
for(k=0;k<m;k++)
{
if(a[k][col]>=max)
{
max=a[k][col];
}
}
if(max==min)
printf("saddle pt.at (%d,%d)",i+1,col+1);
}
//getch();
}
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OUTPUT:
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8. WRITE A C PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT A MAGIC SQUARE OF SIZE N.
DEFN: A MAGIC SQUARE IS AN ARRANGEMENT OF NUMBERS
(USUALLY INTEGERS) IN A SQUARE GRID, WHERE THE NUMBERS
IN EACH ROW, AND IN EACH COLUMN, AND THE NUMBERS THAT
RUN DIAGONALLY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS, ALL ADD UP TO THE
SAME NUMBER.
SOURCE CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n,row,col,next_row,next_col,n,i,j,start;
int magic[99][99];
int max ;
printf("Enter size of magic square: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
start = (n / 2);
max = n * n;
magic[0][start] = 1;
for (i = 2, row = 0, col = start; i < max + 1; i++) {
if ((row - 1) < 0) {
next_row = n - 1;
}
else { next_row = row - 1; }
if ((col + 1) > (n - 1)) {
next_col = 0;
}
else { next_col = col + 1; }
if (magic[next_row][next_col] > 0) {
if (row > (n - 1)) {
next_row = 0;
}
else {
next_row = row + 1;
next_col = col;
}
}
row = next_row;
col = next_col;
magic[row][col] = i;
}
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
printf("%4d", magic[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
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OUTPUT:
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9. WRITE A MENU DRIVEN C PROGRAM TO
A. ACCEPT TWO NUMBERS N AND M
B. SUM OF ALL INTEGERS RANGING FROM N TO M
C. SUM OF ALL ODD INTEGERS RANGING FROM N TO M
D. SUM OF ALL EVEN INTEGERS RANGING FROM N TO M
DISPLAY AN ERROR MESSAGE IF N > M. CREATE FUNCTIONS FOR EACH OF THE OPTIONS
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int sum=0,i,m,n,ch;
while(1){
printf("1.Sum of All numbers \n2.Sum of all even numbers\n3.Sum of
all odd numbers \n4.exit\n");
printf("Enter your choice :");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch){
case 1:
sum=0;
printf("\nEnter n and m value\n");
scanf("%d %d",&n,&m);
if(m<n)
printf("\n m value should be greater than n\n");
for(i=n;i<=m;i++)
sum=sum+i;
printf("\nSum of %d to %d is %d\n",n,m,sum);
break;
case 2:
sum=0;
printf("\nEnter n and m value \n");
scanf("%d %d",&n,&m);
if(m<n)
printf("\n m value should be greater than n\n");
for(i=n;i<=m;i++)
if(i%2==0)
sum=sum+i;
printf("\nSum of even numbers from %d to %d is %d\n",n,m,sum);
break;
case 3:
sum=0;
printf("\nEnter n and m value \n");
scanf("%d %d",&n,&m);
if(m<n)
printf("\n m value should be greater than n\n");
for(i=n;i<=m;i++)
if(i%2!=0)
sum=sum+i;
printf("\nSum of odd numbers from %d to %d is %d\n",n,m,sum);
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
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default:
printf("Invalid option\n");
break;
}
}
}
OUTPUT:
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10. WRITE A MENU DRIVEN C PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT THE
FOLLOWING USING RECURSION
A. FACTORIAL OF A NUMBER
B. FIBONACCI SERIES
SOURCE CODE:
int fact(int n){
if(n==1)
return 1;
return n*fact(n-1);
}
int fibo(int n){
if(n == 0 || n == 1)
return n;
return fibo(n-1) + fibo(n-2);
}
void main() {
int i,j=0,m,n,ch;
while(1){
m=0;
printf("\n1.FACTORIAL OF A NUMBER \n2. FIBONACCI SERIES
\n3.exit\n");
printf("Enter your choice :");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch){
case 1:
printf("\nEnter n :");
scanf("%d",&n);
m=fact(n);
printf("factorial of a given number is :%d",m );
break;
case 2:
j=0;
printf("\nEnter n :");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("fibonanci series of a given number is:");
for ( i = 0 ; i < n ; i++ ){
printf("%d\n", fibo(j));
j++;
}
break;
case 3:
exit(0);
default:
printf("Invalid option\n");
break;
}
}
}
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OUTPUT:
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11. CREATE A STRUCTURE COMPLEX NUMBER HAVING REAL AND
IMAGINARY PART AS PROPERTIES.
WRITE FUNCTIONS TO ADD AND SUBTRACT THE TWO COMPLEX
NUMBERS.
SOURCE CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
struct complex
{
int real, img;
};
struct complex a, b, c;
void readcom(){
printf("Enter a and b where a + ib is the first complex number.\n");
printf("a = ");
scanf("%d", &a.real);
printf("b = ");
scanf("%d", &a.img);
printf("Enter c and d where c + id is the second complex number.\n");
printf("c = ");
scanf("%d", &b.real);
printf("d = ");
scanf("%d", &b.img);
}
void addcom(){
c.real = a.real + b.real;
c.img = a.img + b.img;
if ( c.img >= 0 )
printf("Sum of two complex numbers = %d + %di\n",c.real,c.img);
else
printf("Sum of two complex numbers = %d %di\n",c.real,c.img);
}
void subcom(){
c.real = a.real - b.real;
c.img = a.img - b.img;
if ( c.img >= 0 )
printf("\nDifference of two complex numbers = %d + %di",c.real,c.img);
else
printf("\nDifference of two complex numbers = %d %di",c.real,c.img);
}
void main()
{
readcom();
addcom();
subcom();
}
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OUTPUT:
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12. DEFINE A STRUCTURE CALLED STUDENT HAVING THE
PROPERTIES OF STUDENT_ID, STUDENT NAME AND BRANCH OF
THE STUDENT WITH A SUB STRUCTURE OF MARKS OF 3
SUBJECTS. WRITE A MENU DRIVEN C PROGRAM TO
A. ADD NEW STUDENT DETAIL
B. DELETE A STUDENT DETAIL
C. DISPLAY ALL STUDENT DETAILS
D. DISPLAY THE AVERAGE MARKS SCORED BY THE STUDENTS
SOURCE CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
typedef struct Student {
char name[20];
char branch[20];
char id[20];
int m1,m2,m3;
float avg;
}Student;
int main(void){
char id[10];
FILE *fp,*ft;
char another,choice;
Student s;
char fname[20];
char lname[20];
long int recsize;
fp=fopen("s.DAT","rb+");
if(fp==NULL) {
fp=fopen( "s.DAT","wb+");
if(fp==NULL) {
printf("Can't Open File");
exit();
}
}
recsize=sizeof(s);
while(1) {
printf("\n1.Add Records\n2.Delete Record \n3.ListRecords\n4.Diaply Average
Marks\n5.Exit");
printf("\nEnter your choice :");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c",&choice);
switch(choice) {
case'1':
fseek(fp,0,SEEK_END);
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printf("\nEnter the id,name branch : ");
scanf("%s %s %s",s.id,s.name,s.branch);
printf("\nEnter the marks1 marks 2, marks 3 :");
scanf("%d %d %d",&s.m1,&s.m2,&s.m3);
s.avg=(s.m1+s.m2+s.m3)/3.0;
fwrite(&s,recsize,1,fp);
break;
case '2':
printf("Enter the id of the Student to be deleted : ");
scanf("%s",&id);
ft=fopen("TEMP.DAT","wb");
rewind(fp);
while(fread(&s,recsize,1,fp)==1) {
if(strcmp(s.id,id)!=0)
fwrite(&s,recsize,1,ft);
}
fclose(fp);
fclose(ft);
remove("s.DAT");
rename("TEMP.DAT","s.DAT");
fp=fopen("s.DAT","rb+");
break;
case '3':
rewind(fp);
while(fread(&s,recsize,1,fp)==1)
printf("\n %s %s %s %d %d
%d",s.name,s.id,s.branch,s.m1,s.m2,s.m3);
break;
case '4' :
rewind(fp);
while(fread(&s,recsize,1,fp)==1)
printf("\n %s %s %s %d %d %d
%f",s.name,s.id,s.branch,s.m1,s.m2,s.m3,s.avg);
break;
case '5':
fclose(fp);
exit();
}
}
}
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OUTPUT:
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13. A. WRITE A C PROGRAM TO REMOVE ALL WHITE SPACES AND
NEWLINE CHARACTERS FROM A FILE
SOURCE CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(){
FILE *fp,*fp1;
char ch;
fp=fopen("g.txt","r");
fp1=fopen("g2.txt","w");
if(fp==NULL) {
printf("Some problem in opening the file");
exit(0);
}
else
{
while((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF) {
if(ch==' '|| ch=='\n') {
}
else
{
fprintf(fp1,"%c",ch);
}
}
}
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
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C Programming Laboratory [13MCA16]
13. B. FIND WHETHER A GIVEN WORD EXISTS IN THE FILE. IF IT
EXISTS DISPLAY THE LOCATION OF THE WORD
SOURCE CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(){
FILE *fp;
int line_num = 1;
int find_result = 0;
char temp[512];
char str[10];
printf("Enter a String");
scanf("%s",str);
fp=fopen("g.txt","r");
while(fgets(temp, 512, fp) != NULL) {
if((strstr(temp, str)) != NULL) {
printf("A match found on line: %d\n", line_num);
printf("\n%s\n", temp);
find_result++;
}
line_num++;
}
if(find_result == 0) {
printf("\nSorry, couldn't find a match.\n");
}
if(fp) {
fclose(fp);
}
return(0);
}
OUTPUT:
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31
C Programming Laboratory [13MCA16]
14. WRITE A C PROGRAM TO COPY ONE FILE CONTENT TO ANOTHER
FILE WITHOUT USING INBUILT FUNCTIONS
SOURCE CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
FILE *fp1,*fp2;
char ch,fname1[20],fname2[20];
printf("\nEnter source file name :");
gets(fname1);
printf("\nEnter dest file name :");
gets(fname2);
fp1=fopen(fname1,"r");
fp2=fopen(fname2,"w");
if(fp1==NULL||fp2==NULL)
{
printf("unable to open");
exit(0);
}
do
{
ch=fgetc(fp1);
fputc(ch,fp2);
}
while(ch!=EOF);
fcloseall();
printf("\n Files copied Successfully");
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
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31
32
C Programming Laboratory [13MCA16]
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