䜼䜫䝒䝸䜫䞀䜼䚴䜬䜷䝒䝣䞀䜦䝿䝅䝸䜧䞀䝰䚵䛴⏍ᠺ㻃 ዚ⏛ ᩏ⏝༞ኬᏕ 䕰䚴 䜬 䜷 䝒 䝣䞀 䜦 䝿 䝅 䝸䜧 䞀 䝰䚵 䛴 ⌟ᅹ㻃 ࠒᙟ⪃୕Ꮥ⩽࠾ࡼၛெࠓ࡛㡏ᬁࡊࡗࡗ 1754 ᖳ࠾ࡼ㛜ጙࡈࡿࡒࣤࢹࢼ࢛࣬ࢩ࢘ࢿࣥ࢘ ࣭ࢩ1713-69ࡡࠔၛᴏ࡛ᶭᏕࠕࡡㅦ⩇ࡢࠉ࣏࢞ࣥ࢘ࢴࣛࡡኮᡧࢅࡵࡖ࡙ࡵࡡโ⣑ ࡹ࠻࡞ㄕࡀཀྵ࠾ࡖࡒ᩺ࡒࠒ⤊ῥⓏ⌦ᛮࡡᏕᰧ scuola di ragion economicaࠓ࡛ࡊ࡙༞ ࢰࣛࡡࠔໂຫⱕ⩽ࡒࡔ studiosa gioventùࠕࢅ㨡ࡊ(cf.ዚ⏛ 2006, p.396)ࠉ ୠ⣎ิ㢄ࡱ ࡚ Ѹ ᙔྫྷࡢࡈ࡙࠽ࡀѸ ࠔୠ⏲࡚᭩ิࡡ⤊ῥᏕㅦᗑࠕ࡛ࡊ࡙ධḚⓏ࡞ࡵヾ▩ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡒ(ዚ ⏛ 2003a, p.12)ࠊࡓࠉၤⵒࡡࢤࢪ࣓࣎ࣛࢰࢼࢫ࣑ᑿᢙࡊࡒࢻ࢛࣎ࣝࣤ࡞ࡢࠔ♣ఌ⛁ Ꮥ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ࢛࢝ࣛࣝࠕ࡞ࡵ᧻࠻ࡼࡿࡒࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡵࠉࠒ⤊ῥᏕ economia pubblica ࡢ♵ ᅗយࡡ⛁Ꮥࠓ࡛ᵾᴮࡊࡒࣛࢮࣜࢩ࣒ࣤࢹࡡཬమโ▩ㆉெࡒࡔ࠾ࡼࡢഃാっࡈࡿ⤾ࡄࡒࡵ ࡡࡡࠉࡐࡡⴥࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗࡡᩅ⛁᭡࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡᩐࡢࢰࣛ⤣ୌ࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ᑸࡀࠉࠒ⏍ࡱ ࡿࡼ࡞⩹⾮ࡊࡒ᭡∸ࠓࣆ࢘ࢴ࣭ࣚࣚ ࡛ࡈ࠻ⅱ༰ࢅᢪࡈࡿࡒ(cf.ዚ⏛ 1986-87, p.60)ࠊ ࡐࡿ࠾ࡼୌୠ⣎ࢅ㛸ࡊࡒ 20 ୠ⣎༖ࡣ࡞ࡢࠉࠔ⤊ῥᏕㅦᗑࠕス 200 ࿔ᖳ࡞㝷ࡊ࡙ࢩ ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࢅ㢟ᙪࡌࡾㄵᩝ㞗(AA.VV. 1956)ࡵษ⾔ࡈࡿࡒࠉࡆࡿࡢṜᅗහⓏ⾔࡞ ⏻ࡱࡖࡒࠊ࡛ࡆࢀ 21 ୠ⣎ࢅ㎼࠻࡙ࡡ 250 ࿔ᖳオᛍ࡚ࡢᵕ┞ኬࡀࡂንࢂࡖࡒࠊⱝᅗ࢛࣬ ࣚࣤࢱ࣬ࢪ࣋ࣤ࣬ࣜࢭࣤࢲࣤ࠾ࡼࡡሒ࿈⩽ࡵஹ࠻ࡒࢨࣤ࣎ࢩ࣑(AA.VV. 2007)ࡡ㛜ത ࡞ྙࢂࡎ࡙ࠉỄࡼࡂᙽ᭻ࡈࡿࡒ Ѹ ᮅษࡡࠔㅦ⩇㘋ࠕⲙ✇ࡵྱࡳѸ ࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗࡡᰧゖ∟ (Genovesi 2005)ࡗ࠷࡞୕ᱳࡈࡿࠉࡐࡡᑊࢅࡌ Ѹ ኬ㒂ฦᚉᮮᮅษࡡѸ ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ ࢩ㐿✇㞗(Genovesi 2008a)ࡵ㏛ࡖ࡙ฝ∟ࡈࡿࡒࠊ ࡆ࠹ࡊࡒᚗὩࡡẴ㐘ࡢࡱࡒࠉୌ᪁࡚ࡢࣆࣚࣤࢤ࣬ࣥ࢘ࣤࢹ࣭ࣛ(1914-94)࡞≄ᘤࡈࡿࡒ ➠ ḗኬ ᡋᚃ ࡡ ࢰ ࣛ ࡡၤ ⵒ ᛦ ྍ◂ ✪ ₖ ࡂⱝ ㄊᅥ ࡚ࡵ ᮇ Ⓩ ཬ 㡢(Robertson 1992)ࢅࡩ࡞⮫ࡖࡒࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉ᪁࡚ࡢ㎾ᖳ⮾㝧ࡡ┘てࡱࡊ࠷㐅⤊ῥᏕࡷ⾔ິ⤊ῥ Ꮥࡡ₳Ὦ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࠔெⓏ㈠ᮇࠕࠔ♣ఌ㈠ᮇࠕ࡛࠷ࡖࡒっみ࠾ࡼࡡ㛭ᚨࡡ㧏ࡱࡽ(Perrotta 2004) ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᚃᢪࡊࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡐࡡරమⓏౚࢅᣪࡅࡻ࠹ࠊ ୌ᪁ࡡິྡྷࡡ⾪࡛ࡵ࠷࠻ࡾࣞࣁ࣭ࢹࢮࣤࡢࠉࠒࣃ࣭࣑ࣖࡡ࠽࠾ࡅ࡚ࢪࢤࢴࢹࣚࣤࢺ ெࡒࡔࡢࡗ࠷࡞ࠉ┞᪁ࡡࢻ࣎ࣛெࡒࡔ࡞㏛࠷ࡗࡀࠉ㎾࢙ࣅࢠࣞࢪ⩇ࡡᣦᡋ࡞├㟻ࡊࡒࠓ (Robertson 2005, p.145)࡛ึᏽࡊࡒ୕࡚ࠉ18 ୠ⣎༖ࡣࡡ࣭ࣙࣞࢴࣂୠ⏲ࡡ༞ࡡ୦❻࡞㋎ࢅ ࡊ࡙ᮮࡊࡒࠔ⤊ῥᏕ political economyࠕ࡞ࠒᅗẰⓏࢤࣤࢷࢠࢪࢹࢅ㉰࠻࡙ࠓெ㛣ࡡ᮪௲ ࡡᨭၻ࡞ຑࡴࡒࢤࢪ࣓࣎ࣛࢰࣤⓏ▩Ⓩ࣬ᨳⓏ㐘ິ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡࠔၤⵒࡡࢸࣤࢷࢷ ࡡᰶᚨࠕࢅぜᏽࡴࡻ࠹࡛ࡌࡾ(Robertson 1997, p.672)ࠊࡆࡿࡢࠉ࣭࣎ࢤࢴࢠ၌ࡌࡾࠔ々 ᩐࡡၤⵒࠕふࡡᯕᩊᣦᡋ࡚ࡵ࠵ࡾࠊ ᪁ࡡ⤊ῥᏕࣈࣞࣂ࣭࠾ࡼࡡἸ┘ࡢࠉࢰࣛ⤊ῥᛦ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࠔපභࡡ⚗♬(ᖶ⚗) pubblica felicitàࠕࡡఎ⤣ࡡ්フ౮࡞ࡗࡾࠊࡐࡡᆵࡢࠉⱝㄊ࡚ࡡⓆಘ࡞ࡵ⢥ງⓏ᩺ୠ ࡡ◂✪⩽ࡡ࠹ࡔ࡚ࡵ␏ᙤࢅᨲࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࣇ࣭ࣜࢼ࡚࠵ࢀ࠹ࠊࠒ19 ୠ⣎ࡡṌྍᐓࡒࡔࡢࠉ classical “happy” Italian Civil Economy ࢅ“wealthy” English Political Economy ࡞ᑊ⨠ࡌࡾࡡ ㏳ౚ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠓ(Bruni 2006, p.46)ࠊࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡢࠔಘ㢏 trustࠕࢅࠔᕰሔࠕࡡ๑ᥞ࡛࡛ࡼ ࠻ࡒࠉࢪ࣐ࢪࡢࡐࡿࢅ⤎ᯕ࡛࡛ࡼ࠻ࡒࠊࡓࠉ୦⩽࡛ࡵெᩝ⩇ࡡఎ⤣࡞᰷ࡉࡊ࡙ࠉᚠ ࡡ࠵ࡾெ㛣㛭౿(ཪ)ࡆࡐᖶ⚗࡛⩻࠻ࠉࡐࡡᐁ⌟ࡡሔ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡࠔᕰẰ♣ఌࠕࢅᕰሔ࡞㔔ࡠ ྙࢂࡎࡒⅤ࡚ࡢභ㏳ࡌࡾࠊ㐢࠷ࡢࡒࡓࠉཪᣉኬࡊ࡙ᕰሔᙟᠺࡈࡿࡾ࠾ࠉᕰሔ࠵ࡖ ࡙ิࡴ࡙ࡐࡡአ㒂࡞ཪ⏍ࡱࡿࡾ࠾࡛࠷࠹ࡓࡄ࡞㐛ࡁ࠷(Id., pp.87-88)ࠊࡆࡡࡻ࠹࡞ࠉ ᖶ⚗ࢅ࠽ࡉࡽ࡞ࡊ࡙ᐣࡡ㏛✪࡞೩ೂࡊࡒࠉ19 ୠ⣎ᚃ༖௧㜾ࡡຉฺ⩇ⓏὮὬ⤊ῥᏕ ࡞ၡᢖࡋࡼࡿࡾࠊࡆࡆ࡞ࡢࠉࠔᕰሔࠕ࡚ࡡࠐஹᥦЍຝ⋙ࠑࡷࠔᨳᗋࠕ࡞ࡻࡾࠐ්ฦ㒼 Ѝපᖲࠑ࡞⏻ࡱࡼ࠷ࠉNGO ࡷ NPO ➴ࡡࠔ➠ 3 ࢬࢠࢰ࣭ࠕ࡞ර⌟ࡈࡿࡾࠐப㓐ᛮЍᖶ⚗ࠑ ࡡ㡷ᇡ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡࠔᕰẰ♣ఌ⤎♣ࠕࢅࡵໜᣋࡊࡒࠐ⤊ῥᏕ economia civileࠑࡡ්⏍࡛࠷࠹ ௺ᅒ(Bruni & Zamagni, 2004)ࡵ⛆ࡴࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ ࡵࡔࢀࢆࠉࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩ࡛ࡐࡡ⤊ῥᛦࡓࡄ⬦කࢅᾆࡦ࡙࠷ࡾࢂࡄ࡚ࡢ࠷ࠊࣥ࢘ - 131 - ࣤࢹ࣭ࣛࡡ᭩ኬࡡᚃ⤽⩽࡛┘ࡈࡿࡾࣆ࢘ࢴ࣭ࣞࢾࠒ࣭ࣙࣞࢴࣂ⮤↓Ἢᛦࢅ⌦ㄵⓏⓆ ᒈࡡ᭩㧏ᗐ࡞ࡱ࡚ࡵࡒࡼࡊࡒࠓ࡛ࡱ࡚⤧㈰ࡌࡾࡡࡢࠉ࢙࢝ࢰ࣭ࢿ࣬ࣆࣚࣤࢩ࣭࢘ࣛ (1752-88)ࡡࠖ❟Ἢࡡ⛁Ꮥࠗ(1780-91)࡚࠵ࡾࠊ18 ୠ⣎ࢻ࣎ࣛࡡᛦᐓࡒࡔࡢࠉࡷ࡙ࠒெ Ⓩ⮤⏜ࢅ᭩ඁࡌࡾぜ࠻ࡉࡾᡥࡡ࣭ࣗࢹࣅࠓ࡛ࡊ࡙ࢰࣛ㒂࡞ࡱ࡚ⶕᘇࡌࡾࠒᕰẰ ⏍Ὡࡡ㟚㦭ຉฺ⩇Ⓩ⌦よࠓ࡞ᑊᢘࡊ࡙ࠉࠒཿࡡ⮤⏜࡛㎾ࡡ⮤⏜࡛ࡡ᚜ዼ❟Ⓩ ᆍ⾦ࡡ㒼៎ࢅ㏳ࡋ࡙ࠉࡻࡽපḿ࡚ᖲ➴♣ఌࡡ㐠ࢅ㛜ࡆ࠹ࡌࡾၤⵒࡡ࣭ࣗࢹࣅࠓࢅ ᵋࡊࡒࠊࡓࠉࡆࡆ࡚ࡵࡱࡒࠉࡐࡡ┷㦭㡤ࢅࡌࠔெ㛣ࡡᶊฺࠕ࡛࠷࠹⌦ᛍࡡῙ″ࡢࠉ ࠒ┞பຐࡡᶊฺ reciproco dritto ad esser soccorsoࠓ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙࢞ࢢࣞⓏ࣬ࢪࢹⓏභ ⩇ࢅใ᩺ࡊࡒࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩ࡞ᖉࡈࡿࡾ(Ferrone 2003)ࠊ࠾ࡂࡊ࡙ࠉࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇࡛ࠗ୩⾔ࡊ ࡙ᬄᖳࡡᙴᚨ⾉ࢅἸ࠷ࡓࠖḿ⩇ㄵࠗ(1766-71)ࡡ᩺ᰧゖ∟(Genovesi 2008b)ࡵᐁ⌟ࡊࡒࠊ ❻ࡂࡵ㍵㍭ࡊࡒㅎㄕࡢࡈࡊࡍࡴࠉຉฺ⩇࡛ၤⵒ࡛ࡢ⤊ῥᏕ࡞࠽࠷࡙⼝ྙࡌࡾࣞࣁ࣭ ࢹࢮࣤ 㸤ฦᴗࡌࡾࣇ࣭ࣜࢼ 㸤Ửืࡌࡾࣆ࢘ࢴ࣭ࣞࢾ ࡛࡚ࡵさ⣑࡚ࡀࡻ࠹ࠉᛮ᛬᩷ ᱄ࡢ᥅࠻ࡻ࠹ࠊࠒEconomia Civileࠓࡢࡈࡊࡒࡾ㐢ࡵࡂࠒCivil Economyࠓ࡛ࡊ࡙㏳⏕ࡌ ࡾࡡ࠾ࡵࡊࡿ࠷ࠉࡐࡆ࡚ぜ㏠ࡈࡿ࡙ࡊࡱ࠹ࡵࡡࡢ࠷࠾㸴 ௧ୖࡢࠉࠐ࢙ࢤࢿ࣐࣭࣬ ࢲ࣭ࣥࣝࠑ࡛࠷࠹ᴣᛍࡡᮮṌ࡛ࠉࡐࡡአᘇ࡛හໜࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾషᴏࡡ௫ሒ࿈࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 䕰䚴 ၛ ᴏ䛴 Ṍ ྍ䚵 䛑 䜏 䚴ᕰ Ằ 䛴⤊ ῥ 䚵䛾㻃 ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡡ⤊ῥᛦࡡิⓆࡡᙟጶࢅഀࡣࡎࡾࡡࡢࠉ1754 ᖳ 11 ᭮ 5 ࡡ㛜ㅦࡡ㎙ ࢅᩔ⾕ࡊࡒ࡛ࡵてࡊ࠷ Ѹ ࡒࡓࡊࠉᐁ㝷ࡡᇮ➱ࡢ᪺(࢜ࣤࢷࣞࣤࡡࠖၛᴏモㄵࠗ࡞ゕ ཀྵࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡡ࡚ 1756 ᖳ㡥࠾?)Ѹ ࠔၛᴏỏㄵࠕ(ዚ⏛ 1992)ࡓࠉࡐࡆ࡚ᙴ㰐ྻࡌࡾ᩺ࡊ ࠷Ꮥၡࡡ⛘࡛ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡡࡢࠉ❻Ⓩ࡞ㅦᗑྞ࠽ࡽࡡࠔၛᴏࡡ⛁Ꮥ scienza del commercioࠕ (4 ౚ) ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࠔၛᴏ࠽ࡻࡦ⤊ῥࡡ⛁Ꮥ scienza del commercio e dell’economiaࠕࠔ⤊ῥࡡ⛁ Ꮥ scienza dell’economiaࠕࠔ⤊ῥ⛁Ꮥ scienza economicaࠕࠔ⤊ῥူᏕ filosofia economicaࠕࠔၛ ᴏࡡᏕ(ᢇ⾙) arte del commercioࠕ࡛࠷ࡖࡒゕ࠷ᅂࡊࡵ 1 ౚࡍࡗ⏕࠷ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࠔၛ ࡡᐁ㊰ pratica della mercaturaࠕ࡛ᓠืࡌࡾ㝷࡞ࡢࠔၛᴏࡡᨳ⛁Ꮥ scienza politica del commercioࠕࡷࠔㅎᅗᐓࡡ⤊ῥ⛁Ꮥ scienza economica degli Statiࠕ࡛ࡵ⾪⌟ࡈࡿࡾࠉࠔᨳ ⤊ῥ economia politicaࠕ(6 ౚ)࡛࠷࠹⏕ౚណࡌࡾࡡࡢࠉࡳࡊࢀࡆࡡᏕၡࡡᑊ㇗㡷ᇡࡡ ഁ࡚࠵ࡖ࡙ࠉᏕၡฦ㔕ࡐࡡࡵࡡࢅ᪺☔࡞ᣞ♟ࡌࡾࡡࡢ 1 ᗐࡓࡄ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࡆࡡཋ᭡࡞ࡊ࡙ 102 㡣⛤ࡡᑚᏄ(Genovesi 1984, pp.119-163) Ѹ ᮆᑹ࡞ࠒ➠ 1 ࡡ⤂ࢂࡽࠓ ࡛࠷࠹ྊよᩝᏊ༰ใࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡒࡴࠉᢜใⓏ⾔ฝ∟ࡡྊ⬗ᛮࡵᤴ㝎ࡊࡀࡿࡡࡓ ࠉ⌟∸ࡢ☔ヾࡈࡿ࡙࠷࠷Ѹ ࢅよ㢗Ⓩᗆㄕ࡛ࡊ࡙㘋ࡊࡒࢢ࣭ࣛཋⴥ࣬ࣄ࣭ࣖࢹࣜ -ࢸ࣓ࣖࣤ⩳᱄ࡡࠖࣤࢡࣚࣤࢺၛᴏࡡ⌟≟ࠗࡡࢰࣛㄊ∟ࠖኬࣇࣛࢷࣤၛᴏྍࠗࡢ 1757-58 ᖳ࡞ษ⾔ࡈࡿࡒࠉྜྷࡋ㡥ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡢࠖၛᴏཋㄵ Elementi del commercio࡛ࠗ⥪⛘ࡈ ࡿࡾㅦ⩇㘋ࡡⲙ✇ࢅṟࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࢰࢹࣜ࠾ࡼ├ࡔ࡞㉫ࡈࡿࡾࡡࡢࣆ࢚ࣜ࣍ࢾ (1722-1800)ࡡࠖၛᴏさㄵ Élemaents du commerceࠗ(1754)࡚࠵ࡽࠉᐁ㝷ࡐࡡᙫ㡢ࡢኬࡀ࠷ࡡ ࡓࠉ2 ᕬᮇධ 12 ❮ࡡࠖさㄵࠗ࡞Ẓ࡙ࠖཋㄵࠗࡡ❮❟࡙ࡢࡵࡖ࡛⣵࠾ࡂࠉࡊ࠾ࡵ 2 㒂ᵋ ᠺ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ➠ 1 㒂ࡢࠔၛᴏࡡ⤊ῥ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ Dell’economia del commercioࠕ࡛㢗ࡈࡿࠉ14 ❮ 282 㡣࡚ࠉᮆᑹ࡞ࠒ1757 ᖳ 6 ᭮ 6 ⤂ࠓࡡ࠵ࡾࠊ➠ 2 㒂ࡢࠔၛᴏࡡさㄵ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢපභ⤊ῥ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ Degli elementi del commercio o sia della pubblica economiaࠕ࡛㢗 ࡈࡿࠉ14 ❮࡞ຊ࠻࡙ㄵ࠵ࡽ 298 㡣ࠉᮆᑹࡡࡢࠒ1758 ᖳ 6 ᭮ 10 ⤂ࠓ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ➠ 1 㒂ා㢄ࡡࠔᗆᩝࠕ࡞ࡻࡿࡣࠉ➠ 1 㒂ࡢࠒ࠵ࡼࡹࡾណ࡞࠽ࡄࡾපභ⤊ῥ la economia pubblica in tutta la sua estenzioneࠓࢅㄵࡋࠉ➠ 2 㒂ࡢࠒၛᴏ࡛⤊ῥ࡞ᒌࡌࡾற࠾㇗Ⓩ ᯮ le cose un po’ più astratte appartenenti al commerce e all’economiaࠓࢅㄵࡋࡾࠊࡌࢂࡔࠉ➠ 1 㒂ࡱࡍၛᴏࡡᮇ㈻࡛㔔さᛮ࠾ࡼㄕࡀ㉫ࡆࡊ࡙ࠉࡐࡡṌྍ࡛ࢻ࣎ࣛ⋜ᅗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾ⌟≟ࢅ ᳠ゞࡊࡒᚃࠉአᅗ㈘᪾ࡡᣲ⮾➿ Ѹ ࣆ࢚ࣜ࣍ࢾࢅୖᩔࡀ࡞ࡊ࡙࠽ࡽࠖၛᴏỏㄵࠗࡡ᭩⤂⟿࡛ ྜྷᩝѸ ࢅ♟ࡊࠉࡈࡼ࡞ெཾ࣬ໂຘ࣬ዘ࡛࠷ࡖࡒᑊ㇗ࢅཱིࡽࡖ࡙ࠉ㎨ᴏᨭⰃࡡ᩺ ᢇ⾙ࡡ⣺࡚⤂ࢂࡾࡡ࡞ᑊࡊࠉ➠ 2 㒂ཱི࡚ࡽ୕ࡅࡼࡿࡾࡡࡢࠉ౮ೋ࡛౮࣬㈄ᖨ࣬ಘ⏕ ࡞㛭㏻ࡊࡒㅎၡ㢗࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࡆ࠹ࡊࡒ 2 㒂ᵋᠺࡢษᮇ(ิ∟ 1765-67; ➠ 2 ∟ 1768-70)ࡡࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗධ 2 ᕬ࡞ࡵᘤࡀ ⤽ࡿࡾࠉ➠ 2 ᕬධ 13 ❮ࣈࣚࢪㄵ࡛⤎ㄊ࡚ Ѹ ᚃ㏑ࡌࡾ㔔ኬୌⅤࢅ㝎࠷࡙ࡢѸ ࡛ࢆ❮❟࡙ࡵንࢂࡼࡍᮇᩝ 361 㡣(➠ 2 ∟)࡚࠵ࡾࡡ࡞ᑊࡊࠉ➠ 1 ᕬࡢኬᖕ࡞ቌࡈࡿ࡙ - 132 - ධ 22 ❮࡛ࡽ 543 㡣࡞ࡵ㐡ࡊࡒࡓࡄ࡚ࡂࠉ㟻┘ࢅୌ᩺ࡈࡎࡾ࡞ᨭ⥽ࡈࡿࡒࠊࡗࡱࡽࠉ ၛᴏ࠾ࡼᢇⰹ࡛࠷࠹ࠖၛᴏཋㄵࠗࡡᒈ㛜㏣㌹ࡊ࡙ࠉࢻ࣎ࣛ⋜ᅗࡡ⌟≟ヾㆉ࡚⥶ࡴᣋࡼ ࡿࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉࠔໂຘ industriaࠕࢅ㍂࡛ࡊࡒࠐᅗẰ⤊ῥࠑᙟᠺㄵ࡛࠷࠹ᵋ㏸᪺☔࡞ ࡖࡒࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡓరࡻࡽࡵ㔔っࡌࡀࡢࠉࠔᨳమ corpo politicoࠕ(Ҹᅗᐓ)࠷ࡊࠔᕰ Ằమ corpo civileࠕ(Ҹ♣ఌ)ࡡᠺࡽ❟ࡔࢅㄵࡋࡒ 4 ࡗࡡ❮ා㢄࡞ᤛ࠻ࡼࡿࡒࡆ࡛࡚࠵ࢀ࠹ࠊ ゕ࠹ࡱ࡚ࡵࡂࠉࡐࡆ࡚ࡢྜྷࡡࠖḿ⩇ㄵ࡛ࠗ㔔ࡽྙ࠹㆗ㄵ⧖ࡽᗀࡅࡼࡿࡾࡡࡓࠉ ࠖḿ⩇ㄵࠗࡡฝⓆⅤࠔெ㛣ࡡᮇ㈻(⮤↓)natura dell’uomoࠉୠ⏲ࡡἪ์ legge del mondoࠉᬉ 㐚Ⓩ⩇ຸ doveri generaliࠕ(➠ 1 ᕬ➠ 1 ❮)࡚࠵ࡖࡒࡆ࡛ࢅᛦ࠷ྙࢂࡎࡾࡼࠉࢩ࢘ࢿࣥ࢘ ࣭ࢩࡢ୩าⓏ࡞ࠐெ㛣Ⓩ⏍Ὡ vita umanaࠑ࡛ࠐᕰẰⓏ⏍Ὡ vita civileࠑࡡ࠵ࡾࡀጶࢅၡ࠽ ࠹࡛ࡌࡾཫᑊࡡ᭡ࢅⴥࡐ࠹࡛ࡊࡒ࡛ࡵゕ࠻ࡐ࠹࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡵࡔࢀࢆࠉࡆࡡሔྙࡡࠐᕰẰࠑ ࡛ࡢࠉ࠾ࡗ࡙Ὡ㌅ࡊࡒࡻ࠹ࠉ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢࡷ්࡙ࡦⓇሔࡌࡾࡻ࠹ࠐᨳெࠑ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡࠔප Ằࠕ࡚ࡢࡂࠉ࠵ࡂࡱ࡚ࡵࠐᩝ᪺ civiltàࠑࡡ⌟ṹ㝭࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡࠔၛᴏࠕࡡᢰ࠷ᡥࡒࡾࠐ⤊ῥ ெࠑ࡞㐛ࡁ࠷ࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉࡆࡡࡻ࠹࡞⩻࠻ࡒ࡛ࡀิࡴ࡙ࠉࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࠒၛᴏ࠵ࡾ࠷ ࡢ࢙ࢤࢿ࣐࣭࣬ࢲ࣭ࣥࣝࠓ࡛ゕ࠷ᥦ࠻ࡒྱណࡵࡌࢆࡽ࡛(?)よ࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹࡞ᛦࢂࡿ ࡾࡡࡓࠉ࠷࠾࡚࠵ࢀ࠹࠾ࠊ ࠷ࡍࡿ࡞ࡎࡻࠉ࠾ࡗ࡙ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡢࠖኬࣇࣛࢷࣤၛᴏྍࠗࢅୠ࡞ၡ࠹࡞࠵ࡒࡽࠉ 㢄ࡡࠔ⥪ᗆࠕ࡚ࠉṌྍࡡ◂✪┘ᵾ࡛ࡌࡾࡡࡢࠒ♣ఌ࡞࡛ࡖ࡙᭩ࡵᚪさᕰẰࡡူᏕ filosofia civileࠓ࡞࠾ࡼ࠷࡛ㄖ⩽࡞ソ࠻ࡒѸ ࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗࡐࡡ⮤ࡼࡡᐁ㊰࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࡢ㛣 㐢࠷࠷ࠊᙴࡽ࡞ࠔၛᴏࡡ⛁Ꮥࠕࡡమ⣌ࢅᠺࡊ㐑ࡅࡒ࡛ࡀࠉࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡢࡐࡿ࡞ ࠐᕰẰࡡ⤊ῥࠑ࡛࠷࠹ྞࢅ࠻ࡒࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 䕰䚴 ㄢ ᩒ⩽ 䛮䛝 䛬䛴 ྦ 䚵㻃 ࡚ࡢࠉࠐ࢙ࢤࢿ࣐࣭࣬ࢲ࣭ࣥࣝࠑ࡛࠷࠹⛘ࡢᐁ㝷ࡡࡻ࠹࡞⏕࠷ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࡡ࠾ࠊ ࡱࡍࡢࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗ(➠ 2 ∟)➠ 1 ᕬࡡࠔᗆᩝࠕࡡා㢄ṹⴘࡡධᩝࢅ᥎ࡅ࡙࠽ࡆ࠹ࠊ ධ࡙ࡡࠔᏕၡ Scienzeࠕࡢ᭯⏕࡚࠵ࡽࠉ⇍ᚨ࡞⫩ᠺࡈࡿࡾ࡞ೋࡌࡾࠊ࠷ࡍࡿࡵࠉெ㛣ࡡ⏍Ὡ vita umana ࡛ࡐࡡ࠵ࡼࡹࡾၻ bene ࡡ᭩ิ࡞ࡊ࡙さ㐠ර࡚࠵ࡾ࡛ࡆࢀࡡ⌦ᛮ ragione ࡡ✒ࢅቌ㐅࠾ࡗὑ⦆ࡈ ࡎࡾࡂ⛓ᗆࡘࡄࡼࡿࡒࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾ࠾ࡼࠊࡓࠉ᭩ิࡡࠔཋᅄ Cagioneࠕࢅふࡊ࡙Ễ㐪ࡡᖶ⚗ eterna felicità ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ♼⪯ࡾㅎᏕ le divine [scienze]ࡡḗ࡞ࡢࠉࢂࡒࡂࡊᛦ࠹࡞ࠉᠻࠍࡡ⌟ᅹࡡ౼ comodità ࡛ᖲᏭ tranquilità ࡞᭩ࡵᐠ࡞㛭ࢂࡽࠉࡐࡿࡼࢅ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡌࡾࡻ࠹ㅎᏕࡆࡐࠉరࡻࡽࡵ ᥆ዜ࣬ᚉ࣬⫩ᠺࡈࡿࡾࡀ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡿࡼࡡ࠹ࡔ࡚ࠉࠔ㈶⩽ Savjࠕࡒࡔࡡභ㏳ࡊࡒណぜ࡞ࡻࡿࡣࠉ ➠ୌࡡ㔔さన⨠ࢅ༥ࡴࡾࡵࡡࠉ࢟ࣛࢨெ ⌦ Ꮥ Etiche ࡛ࡦࠉᠻࠍ㐠 ᚠ ⛁ Ꮥ Scienze morali ࡛ࢆ࡚࠷ࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡖ࡙ࠉࡐࡿࡢࡡ࠷࠾ࡾᏕ࡞ࡵࡱࡊ࡙ࠉᠻࠍࡡဗ⾔ costumi ࡛ᚪさ bisogni ࡛ࢅ㛣㎾࡞Ἰっࡊ㒼៎ࡌࡾ࠾ࡼ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡊ࡙ᐁ㝷ࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡࠔᏕၡࠕࡢ࠵ࡼࡹࡾⅤ࡚ெ㛣 ࡡᨭၻࢅ┘ᣞࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡗࡱࡽࠉཚᐠ࡞ゕࢂࡿࡾ࡛ࡆࢀࡡ ⌦ Ꮥ Etica ࡢࠉெ㛣ࢅୌ⯙Ⓩ࡞⩻ᐳࡌ ࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡖ࡙ࠉᠻࠍࡡㅎࠍࡡᮇ⬗࣬វ࣬ງࡡᮇᛮࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ࠉࡐࡿࡼࡡ㘈ᠺ ࢅಀࡊࠉᠻࠍࢅၻࡀ⏍ ben bibere ࡛ྡྷࡄ࡙ᙟᠺࡌࡂຑࡴࡾ࠾ࡼ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࠔ⤊ῥᏕ Economiaࠕࡢࠉ ᐓ᪐ࡡࠔ㛏 Capoࠕ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢࠔྦ Principeࠕ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡெ㛣࡞㛭㏻ࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡖ࡙ࠉᐓ᪐ࢅࡻࡂ ࡴࠉᐓ᪐ࡡࡒࡴ࡞ᚠ virtù ࡷᐣ ricchezze ࡷᰜヽ gloria ࢅ⋋ᚋ࡚ࡀࡾࡻ࠹࡞ெ㛣ࢅᩅ⫩ࡌࡾࠊ᭩ᚃ࡞ࠉ ࠔᨳᏕ PoliticaࠕࡢࠉெẰࡡኬ࠷ࡾࠔ∏ Padreࠕ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢࠔᶊ⩽ Sovranoࠕ࡛ࡊ࡙ࡡெ㛣࡞㛭㏻ ࡌࡾࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡖ࡙ࠉ▩ᜠ iscienza ࡛ួ៎ prudenza ࡛ெ㛣ᛮ umanità ࢅࡵࡖ࡙⤣࡞࠵ࡒࡾࡆ࡛ࢅᙴ࡞ ᩅ࠻ࡾࠊࡐࡡ࠾࡚ࡵࠉᨥ㒼ୖࡡᅗẰ nazione ࢅࡊ࡙ࠉெཾࢅቌኬ popolata ࡈࡎࠉᐣ ricca ࡚ࠉເ ງ potente ࠵ࡽࠉ㈶᪺ saggia ࡞ࡊ࡙ࠉඁ㞖 polita ࡒࡼࡊࡴࡾㅎぞ์ࢅໜᣋࡌࡾฦ㔕ࠉࠔᕰẰ⤊ῥᏕ Economia civileࠕ࡛⛘ࡈࡿࡻ࠹ࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉ❟Ἢࡡᢇ⾙ࡷࠉᅗᐓࡷᖀᅗࡡಕᣚࡡᢇ⾙ࢅྱࡳ㒂ฦࡢࠉ༟ ࡾᨳ ␆ ㄵ assolutamente Tattica Politica ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ(Genovesi 2005, pp.261-263) ┷ࡖ࡞ࠔ♼⪯ᏕࠕѸ 々ᩐᙟࡓ࠾ࡼᙟ⪃୕Ꮥࡵྱࡳ࠾?Ѹ ᣪࡅࡼࡿࡾࡡ࡞ࡢᙔᝠࡡ ྡྷࡀࡵ࠵ࢀ࠹ࠊ♼Ꮥᩅࡡ㐠ࢅ㜴ࡱࡿࡒ࠽࠾ࡅ࡚⤊ῥᏕ࡛㌹ࡋࡒ࡛࠷࠹⤊Ṍࡡᣚࡔ ࡡࡆ࡛࡚࠵ࡾ࠾ࡼࠉ♼Ꮥࡢื࠷࡛࠷࠹ࡆ࡛࠾ࠉ࠵ࡾ࠷ࡢᲬ୕ࡅ࡞ࡌࡾᚨ⟤ࡡ࠾┷ណ ࡢῼࡽࡒ࠷ࠊࡒࡓࠉࠖḿ⩇ㄵ࡚ࠗࡢᙔ↓࡛ࡊ࡙ࡵࠉࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗࡡิ∟࠾ࡼ➠ 2 ∟ࡡ ࡡᨭゖࡡ㐛⛤࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡵࡱࡒࠉࠔᏺᩅ religioneࠕࡡᙁㄢ┘❟ࡗࡡࡢ☔࠾࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ⌦Ꮥ࣬⤊ῥ(ᐓᨳ)࣬ᨳࡡཿⓏ 3 ༇ฦ㊻ぉࡈࡿࠉࠔᨳᏕࠕࡡᥝ࠾ࡿ᪁࡞ࡢఎ ⤣Ⓩࠔྦࡡ㚯 speclum principisࠕࡡ㉻ࡀࡈ࠻ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡡࡓ࠾ࡼࠉࡐࡡさ㒂ฦࢅࠔᕰ - 133 - Ằ⤊ῥᏕࠕ࡛ゼࡌࡡࡢᖼฦࡐࡃࢂ࠷វࡋࡵࡌࡾࠉᬳᏽⓏ࡞࠽セࡊ㢢࠷ࡒ࠷ࠊࡐࡿ௧አ ࡡࠔ༟ࡾᨳ␆ㄵࠕ࡛ゼࡊࡒ⟘ᡜࡡୖ⥲㒂ࡢิ∟࡞ࡢࡂࠔ༟ࡾᨳᏕࠕ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊࡔ ࡲ࡞ࠉⲙ✇ࠖၛᴏཋㄵࠗࡡⅤ࡚ࡢࠉࠒᅗẰࢅᕠኬᐓ᪐ࠉྦࢅභ㏳ࡡ∏࡛࡛ࡼ࠻ࠉ ெཾࢅቌኬࡈࡎࠉᅗẰࢅᐣ࡚ເງ࠵ࡽ㈶᪺࡞ࡊ࡙ඁ㞖ࡒࡼࡊࡴࡾࡻ࠹࡞ྦ࡞ᩅ࠻ࡾࠓ ࡡࠔᅗᐓࡡ⤊ῥ economia dello StatoࠕࠉࠒྦࢅࠉࡐࡡெẰࡡ㛣࡞ḿ⩇ࢅ⥌ᣚࡌࡾࡒࡴ ࡞⏍ࡲࡓࡈࡿࡒࠉᨥ㒼⩽ signore ࡷ❟Ἢ⩽ lageslatore ࡷึᏻ giudice ࡛ࡊ࡙⩻࠻ࡾࠓࡡ ࠒ⤊ῥ࡛Ἢ⾙ economica e dicasticaࠓ࡛ࡣࡿ࡙࠷ࡒ(Id., pp.3-4)ࠊ ࡛ࡵ࠵ࡿࠉࠒࢂࡒࡂࡊࡍゕࡖ࡙࠽ࡀࡒ࠷ࡆ࡛ࡢࠉᨳ⤊ῥ economia politica ࡡ┘Ⓩ ࡢ 2 ࡗࡊ࠾࠷࡛࠷࠹ࡆ࡛࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡌࢂࡔࠉ1㸣ெཾ popolazioneࠉ2㸣౼ comodi࣬ᐣ ricchezza࣬ເງ potenzaࠉ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ࠉၛᴏࡡᨳ⛁Ꮥ࡞ࡵ 2 ⛸㢦࠵ࡾࠓ(Genovesi 1984, p.127)࡛࠷࠹ࠔၛᴏỏㄵࠕ௧ᮮࡡヾㆉࡢࠉࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗ➠ 1 㒂ࡡᑙථ⟿࡚ࡵᨭࡴ࡙ࠐᕰ Ằࡡ⤊ῥࠑࡡ 2 ࡗࡡさ┘Ⓩ࡛ࡊ࡙☔ヾࡈࡿࡾࠊࡓࠉࠒࡆࡆ࠾ࡼᶊ⩽ sovrano ࡡ᭩ኬ 㝀ྊ⬗ᐣ࡛ເງ⏍ࡋࡾࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠓ(Ibid.)࡛࠷ࡖࡒᩝゕࡢᾐ࠻ࠉࠒࠔᅗᐓࠕࢅኬ࡛Ᏸ ᠺ࡛ࡵࡒࡼࡌࠓᶊ⩽ࡡᙲࡡ᪁ᙁㄢࡈࡿࡾ(Genovesi 2005, p.271)ࠊ ࡆ࠹ࡊ࡙ࠉ⤾ࡂ➠ 1 ❮ࠔᨳమ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠕ࡚ࡢࠉࠒࡻࡽᑚࡈ㒂ฦ parti ࠾ࡼᵋᠺࡈࡿࡒ ᶭ macchina ࢅࡻࡂ▩ࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉ[͐͐]ࡐࡡ࠵ࡼࡹࡾ㒂ฦ࡛[͐͐]ࡐࡿࡼࡡさິᅄ motore ࢅ▩ࡼࡠࡣࡼ࠷ࠓ࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉḗࡡࡻ࠹࡞㏑ࡼࡿࡾࠊ ࠵ࡼࡹࡾᕰẰమ corpi civili ࡢᐓ᪐࠾ࡼᵋᠺࡈࡿࠉᐓ᪐ࡢெ persone singolari ࠾ࡼᵋᠺࡈࡿࡾࠊ ெࡢᐓ᪐ࡡさ⣪࡚࠵ࡽࠉᐓ᪐ࡢᕰẰమࡡさ⣪࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ࠉᨳమ corpi politici ࡡᛮ㈻ࡷ᭩ิ ࡡງࡷὩິࡢࠉᐓ᪐ࡡᛮ㈻ࡷງࠉࡐࡊ࡙ெࡡᛮ㈻ࡷὩິ࠾ࡼ⏍ࡋࡾࠊࡈࡼ࡞ࠉெࡢࠉ⮤↓ࡐࡡ ࡵࡡ࠾ࡼ࠻ࡼࡿࡒࠉ⏍ࡱࡿࡼࡡㅎᶊฺࢅࡵࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᐓ᪐ࡡㅎᶊฺࡢெࡡㅎᶊฺ࠾ࡼࠉࡐ ࡡ⤎㞗࡞ࡻࡖ࡙⏍ࡋࡾࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࠉᨳమࡡㅎᶊฺࠉゕ࠹࡛ࡆࢀࡡࠔපἪ jus publicumࠕࡢࠉᐓ᪐ࡡᶊ ฺ࠾ࡼࠉฦᩋ≟ឺ࡞࠵ࡖࡒㅎᐓ᪐ࡡ᭩ิࡡཋጙ༝⣑ primo patto originale ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙⏍ࡋࡾࠊெࡢᮇ ᛮⓏ࡞࠷ࡂࡗ࠾ࡡ㈈ຸ obbligazioni ࢅㇿࡖ࡙࠽ࡽࠉࡐࡿࡼࡢཋิⓏㅎᶊฺ diritti primitivi ࡛ྊฦ ࡡࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡ㈈ຸࡢெ࠾ࡼᐓ᪐࡛⛛ࡽࠉཋጙ༝⣑࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᐓ᪐࠾ࡼᨳమ࡛⛛ࡾࠊ ධ࡙ࡡᐓ᪐ࡡ㛏࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡊࡒࡖ࡙ධ࡙ࡡெࡡ㛏࡚ࡵ࠵ࡾࠔᶊ⩽ Sovranoࠕࡢࠉࡒࡓᙴୌெࡡ࠹ ࡔ࡞ࠉࡆࡿࡼࡡධ࡙ࡡງࢅ㞗✒ࡊࠉࡆࡿࡼධ࡙ࡡᶊฺ࡛㈈ຸࡡ┐╡ tutela ࡛ࡾࠊࡆࡿࡼࡡງࡷᶊฺ ࡷ㈈ຸࡡࠉᙴࡢ᭩㧏ࡡ≺❟ࡊࡒࠔㄢᩒ⩽ Moderatoreࠕ࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡐࡿࡢපභࡡ⚗♬ pubblica felicitàࠉࡌ ࢂࡔ⤄⧂ corpo ධమࡡᵋᠺဤ࡛ࡐࡡ㛏࡛ࡡᖶ⚗ felicità ࡡࡒࡴ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡆࡡࡻ࠹࡞ࡊ࡙ࠉࠔᅗᐓ Repubblicaࠕࡡ┷ࡡງ࡛Ὡິᙟᠺࡈࡿࡾࠊ(Id., pp.272-273) ୖ⥲㒂ࡢ➠ 2 ∟࡚ࡡຊ➱࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡱࡒἴ⥲㒂ࡢิ∟࡚ࡢ༟࡞ࠔ㈈ຸࡡ┐っெ custodiaࠕࡓ ࠉさࡌࡾ࡞ࠔྦࠕ࡛ࡢࠔපභࡡ⚗♬ࠕࡡࡒࡴࡡࠔㄢᩒ⩽ࠕࡡࡓࠊ࡚ࡢࠉࡐࡡᑊ㇗࡛ ࡾㅎெࡡཋิⓏᶊฺࡷ㈈ຸ࡛ࡢర࠾㸴 ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩ࡞ࡻࡿࡣࠉࠔᶊฺࠕ࡛ࡢࠒᠻࠍ࡞ᅖ᭯࡞ in proprietà ᒌࡌࡾ࡛ࡆࢀࡡࡵࡡ ࢅ⮤⏜࡞⏕ࡌࡾ㐠ᚠⓏ⬗ງ facoltà moraleࠓ࡚࠵ࡾ࠾ࡼࠉࠒࢂࡒࡂࡊࡡᮇᛮ natura ࡞ᒌࡊࠉ ࢂࡒࡂࡊ࠾ࡼฦ㞫࡚ࡀ࠷ࡵࡡࡢධ࡙ࠉᮇᮮⓏ࡞ࢂࡒࡂࡊࡡࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡖ࡙ࠉெࡡெ㛣 ྜྷୌெ∸࡛ࡼ࠾ࡁࡽࠉெࡡࡵࡡ࡚ࡢ࠵ࡽ࠻࠷ࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ࢂࡒࡂࡊࡡ⮤↓Ⓩᶊฺ diritto naturale ࡞ᒌࡌࡾࠓࡆ࡛࡞ࡾࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ධ࡙ࡡெࡢࡱࡍరࡻࡽࡵࠔᏋᅹࡌࡾᶊ ฺ diritto di essistereࠕ(⏍Ꮛᶊ)ࢅᣚࡔࠉࡈࡼ࡞ࡢࠔ⮤ࡼࡡᖶ⚗ࡡࡒࡴ࡞ per la sua felicitàࠕ⮤ ಘࡡ⬗ງࢅ⏕ࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࡵ࡚ࡀࡾ(Id., pp.278-279)ࠊࡓࠉᖶ⚗ࡡ㏛ịࡢᙸࠍ࡞ࡊ࡙㐋⬲ࢅ ᣅࡂ Ѹ ࠖḿ⩇ㄵ࡚ࠗࡢࢪ࣐ࢪࡡࠖ㐠ᚠវㄵࠗࡡࣆ࢘࣬ࣈࣝཋ์ࢅ㉫ࡈࡎࡾ㆗ㄵࡵぜ ࡼࡿࡾ(cf.ዚ⏛ 2004)Ѹ ࠉࠒ͐͐ࡊࡒࡖ࡙ࠉெ⮤ࡼࡡᶊฺ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⾔࠹⏕࡞ཬᑊ࡚ ࡀࡾ࡛࠷࠹ࡆ࡛ࡢࠉ࡛ྜྷᵕ࡞ୌࡗࡡᶊฺ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡊ࡙ࡆࡆ࡞ᨳᗋ governo ࡡ⮤↓Ⓩ ᇱ♇࠵ࡾࠓ(Id., p.282)ࢂࡄࡓࠉࡳࡊࢀ✒ᴗⓏ࡞ࠔຐࡡᶊฺ il diritto del soccorsoࠕࡱ࡚ ࡵ⮤↓ᶊࡡ࠹ࡔ࡞ᩐ࠻ࡾ࠵ࡒࡽࡆࡐࠉࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡡᮇ㡷Ⓠᥱ࡛࠷࠻ࡻ࠹ࠊ 䕰䚴 ┞ பⓏ ຐ 䚵䛮 䚴ප භ 䛴ಘ ⩇ 䚵㻃 ࣛࢪࢹࢷࣝࢪ௧ᮮࡡࠒெ㛣ࡢᮇᛮⓏ࡞♣ఌⓏ (♣ஹⓏ) socievole ິ∸࡚࠵ࡾࠓ࡛࠷࠹ ࠔ࠵ࡽࡨࡿࡒᩝゕࠕ࡞ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡢၡࢅᢖࡅ࠾ࡄࡾѸ ࠒິ∸࡛ゕ࠻ࡣᚪ↓Ⓩ࡞ࠉ វて࡛▩て࠵ࡽ௯㛣ࡡ࠵ࡾᏋᅹ essere sensitivo, cognoscente, companevole ࡡࡆ࡛ࢅゕ࠹ࡡ ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ➠ୌ࡞ࠉࢆິ∸ࡵ୦ᛮࡡ⤎ྙࡊ࡚ࡢ⏍ࡱࡿ࠷࠾ࡼ࡚࠵ࡾࠓனࠍ࡛ࠊࡓ࠾ - 134 - ࡼࠉெ㛣ඁࡿ࡙ࠔ♣ఌⓏࠕ࡚࠵ࡾ࡛ࡊࡒࡼࠉࡐࡿິ∸ࡡࡻ࠹࡞ࠔᮇ⬗ istintoࠕ࡞ࡻࡾ ࡵࡡ࡚ࡢࡂࠉࠔཬ┤ riflessioneࠕࡡ⤎ᯕࡓ࠾ࡼ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࠔᩏ យ PIETÀࠕ࡛࠷࠹ࠒᩅ⫩࡞ ࡻࡖ࡙ࡵࢂࡿ࠷ெ㛣ࡡᚨࡡᮇᮮࡡᇱ┑ࠓ࡛ࠉࠒᠻࠍࡡெ⏍ࡡ┘Ⓩ࡞㛭ࢂࡾ↋ᩐࡡ ᯮࡡゝ⟤ᶭ calcolatriceࠓ࡚࠵ࡾࠔ⌦ ᛮ RAGIONEࠕࡡ࠽࠾ࡅ࡚ࠉெ㛣ࡢࡻࡽᙁ࠷⤆ࢅ⤎ࡩ ࡆ࡛࡚ࡀࡾࠊࠔ⮤↓ࠕࠒࢆࡦ࡛ࡵ⮤㊂ࡊ࠷ niuno basti a se stessoࠓࡻ࠹࡞ࡈࡎࡒࡒ ࡴ࡞ࠔ♣ఌࠕᠻࠍࡡᖶ⚗ࡡ᭩ኬࡡᡥṹ࡛ࡖࡒ࡛࠷࠹ḗ➠ࡵࡱࡒࠉ⌦ᛮ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ヾㆉࡈ ࡿࡾࠊ ࢂࡒࡂࡊゕ࠷ࡒ࠷ࡡࡢࠉࡆࡡ⌦ᛮࡆࡐᠻࠍ࡞ࠉ┞ப࡞ຐࡈࡿࡾᶊฺ reciproco diritto di esser soccorsi ࡛࠷ ࠹ࡵ ࡡࢅ ࠉࡊ ࡒ ࡖ࡙ ࡱࡒ ࠉᚪ さ 㝷࡞ ຐࡊ ྙ࠹ ࡛࠷ ࠹┞ பⓏ ㈈ ຸ reciproca obbligazione di soccorrerci ne' nostri bisogni ࢅ᪺ࡼ࠾࡞ࡌࡾ࡛࠷࠹ࡆ࡛࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡐࡿࡹ࠻ࠉ⮤↓ࡡິࡀ ࢅᢒ࠻࡙ࠉ࠽ப࠷࡞ᚪさ࡚࠵ࡾࡡ࡞ຐࡊྙ࠹⏕ណࡷലྡྷࡡ࠷⩽ࡒࡔࡡ㛣࡚ࡢࠉ♣ఌ società ࡢ࠵ ࡽ࠻࠷࡛࠷࠹ࡆ࡛ࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ(Id., pp.282-284) ࠐ┞பຐࡡ⩇ຸࠑࡡᘇ㛏⥲୕࡞ࡢࠉࡷ࡙ࣆࣚࣤࢲ࢘ࢪࢤ࣏࢛࣬ࣛ࣬ࣂ࣭࢝ࢿ(1748-99) ࡡ 1799 ᖳࡡࠖࢻ࣎ࣛභᅗἪⲙ᱄ࠗࡡࠔெᶊᐃゕࠕ➠ 20 ᮪ࡡࠔெ㛣ࡡ⩇ຸࠕ Ѹ ࠒ ெࡢெࢅၤⵒࡊ illuminare ᩅ⫩ࡊࡄࡿࡣࡼ࠷ࠓѸ ฝ⌟ࡌࡾ࡚࠵ࢀ࠹(ዚ⏛ 2003c, p.9)ࠊࡐࡡࡢ࡞ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩ࡞ࡵ࠵ࡖࡒࠊࠒᠻࠍࡢ◂✪ࡊࡻ࠹࡚ࡢ࠷࠾ࠊ⾘ᏕⓏ ᰜࡡࡒࡴ࡚ࡢࡂࠉ↋▩⩽ࡒࡔࢅጸᅸࡊࡻ࠹࡛࠷࠹ഩࡷࠉᙴࡼࢅ⩳ᘕࡊࡻ࠹࡛ࡌ ࡾᝇណࡡࡒࡴ࡚ࡵ࠷ࠊᠻࠍ࡞ࠉப࠷࡞ᙲ❟ࡗ utili ࡻ࠹࡞ຑࡴࡻ࡛ࡋ࡙࠷ࡾࠉୠ⏲ࡡࠔㄢ ᩒ⩽ ModeratoreࠕࡡἪ࡞ᚉ࠹ࡒࡴ࡞ࠓ(Id., p.890)Ѹ ࡆࡿࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗࡡ᭩⤂ྀ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࡛ࡆࢀ࡚ࠉࡐࡡ 2-3 㡣๑ࡡ࡛ࡆࢀ࡚ࡢࠉࠔᨳమࠕ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࠔஹ㏳ comunicazioneࠕࡡ㔔 さᛮࠉᨭࡴ࡙ḗࡡࡻ࠹Ẓ႔࡚ᙁㄢࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡒࠊ ᨳమ࡛࠷࠹ࡵࡡࡢࠉ㏻⤎⟮࡚⤎ࡣࡿࡒ∸మ corpo di tubi comunicanti ࡡࡻ࠹ࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊஹ㏳ࡡ ࠷࡛ࡆࢀ࡞♣ఌࡢ࠷ࠊㅎᐓ᪐ࡢஹப࡞࠽ப࠷ࢅᨥ࠻ྙ࠷ࠉධ࡙ୌ⥬࡞ࡖ࡙ࠉࡱࡈ࡞ࡆࡡஹ ㏳࡞ࡻࡖ࡙ᶊ sovranità ࢅᨥ࠻࡙࠷ࡾࠊஹ㏳ࡡᅂ㊪ canali ࢅ᩷ࡔวࡖ࡙ࡲࡒࡱ࠻ࠊࡐࡆ࡞࠵ࡾࡡࡢ ㏻ᖈࡊࡒ⤄⧂ corpo associato ࡚ࡢࡂࠉἪࡵࡄࡿࡣ㛏ࡵ࠽ࡼࡍࠉ࠽ப࠷ࢅ㈆ࡽྙ࠹ࠉฦᩋࡊ࡙ᙰᚖ ࠹ᮅ㛜ெࡡ⩄࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡿࡢ᚜ሶ࡞◃ࡄࡒᐋẂࡡᗣቐ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ(Id., p.890) ࠔஹ㏳ࡡᅂ㊪ࠕ࡞ࡢࠉ㐠㊪ࡷ㐘ἑ࣬᪃ス࡛࠷ࡖࡒࠔ∸⌦Ⓩᅂ㊪ canali fisiciࠕࡓࡄ࡚ ࡂࠉࠔ⢥♼Ⓩᅂ㊪ canali moraliࠕࡵྱࡱࡿࡾࠊࢆ࡞❟Ὤᗀ࠷⾜㐠࠵ࡖ࡙ࡵࠉࠔᜅ ᛟ PAURAࠕࠔ㞌ᚉ SCHIAVITÙࠕࠔ㈆ḟ RABBIAࠕࠔᶋᬸ AVANIAࠕࠔᚃ᜴ PENITENZAࠕࠔ㈃❋ MISERIAࠕ ⶕᘇࡖ࡙࠷࡙ࡢర࡞ࡵࡼ࠷ࠊࢻ࣎ࣛ⋜ᅗࡡ⌟ᅹࡢࡱࡈ࡞ࡐ࠹࡚ࡢ࠷࠾࡛ၡ࠷ ࡒࡅࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩ࡚࠵ࡾ(cf. Pagden 1990)ࠉၡ㢗ࡢࡵࡖ᰷࡛࠷Ѹ ࠒපභࡡಘ⩇ࢅ ≚ࡌࡾ࠵ࡼࡹࡾ㈀ࠉ࠵ࡼࡹࡾཱིᘤࠉ࠵ࡼࡹࡾ㍲㏞ࡢࠉᅗẰࢅ⁓ஷࡈࡎࡾࠓ(Id., p.890)ࠊ ࡓࠉᗀỏ࡚㎷㏷Ὦ㏳࡛࠵ࡼࡹࡾ⛸㢦ࡡ᭯⏕ໂຘ industria ࡡᚗὩ࡞࡛ࡖ࡙ర࡞ࡵࡱࡊ࡙ᚪさ ࡡࡢප භ ࡡ ಘ ⩇ FEDE PUBBLICA ࡚࠵ࡾ*ࠊࢂࡒࡂࡊࡡಘࡋࡾ࡛ࡆࢀ࡚ࡢࠉ㸱ࣀࣛ࢜ࣜࢻࢴࢮࢪ ࡡࢸ࢛ࢼࣖࢨࢪ࣭࣏ࠖࣞཿヽࠗ➠ 2 ᕬ࡚ఎ࠻࡙࠷ࡾࡻ࠹࡞㸳ཿ࣭࣏ࣞெࡒࡔࡡࠔἪᚂ Leggiࠕ ࡛ࠔᏺᩅ Religioneࠕࡡ᭩ิࡡโᏽ⩽࡚࠵ࡖࡒࢽ࣏࣬࣎ࣤࣅࣛࢪࠔಘ⩇ FEDEࠕࡡዥ♼࡞♼Ẃࢅ⊡ ࡅࡒࡆ࡛࡞ࡵࡱࡊ࡙ࠉᕰẰⓏⱝ▩࡞ࡨࡈࢂࡊ࠷⦴ࡢ࠷ࠊ࢞ࢢࣞࡢ៊╉࡞ࡵ㸱Ћ㔔ࠍࡊࡂࠖ⩇ຸ ㄵࠗ➠ 2 ᕬ࡚㸳ゕࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࠔᅗᐓࢅᮨࡠࡾࡡ࡞ಘ⩇ࡻࡽᙁງࡵࡡࡢ࠷ Nulla res vehementius Rempublicam continent, quam fides.ࠕ࡛ࠊㄙ࠻ࡻ࠹࠾㸴 ࠵ࡾࠔᕰẰࡒࡔ Cittadiniࠕ࡛ืࡡࠔᕰẰ ࡒࡔࠕ࡛ࡡ┞பࡡಘ㢏 confidenza ࢅᙟࡘࡂࡾᯮ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡵࠉࡱࡒཱིᘤࡡ☔ᐁࡈࡷἪᚂࡡຝງࡷࠔ⾔ ᨳᏻࠕࡒࡔࡡㆉぜ࡛ᗦ├ࡈࡷࠔᏺᩅࠕࡡ♼⪯ࡈ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡵࠉ㸱ᐁ㝷ࠉ㸳ಘ⩇ fede ධࡂ⨠ࡄ࠷ࡻ ࠹࡛ࡆࢀ࡚ࡢࠉᕰẰⓏ♣ఌ civile società ࡷ⏍Ὡࡡ᭩ิࡡ 2 ࡗࡡᇱ♇ࠉࡌࢂࡔḿ ⩇ GIUSTIZIA ࡛ெ 㛣 ᛮ UMANITÀ ࡢỬࡊ࡙ぜ࠷ࡓࡌࡆ࡛࡚ࡀ࠷ࡓࢀ࠹ࠊࡏࡼࠉಘ⩇ࡡ࠷࡛ࡆࢀ࡚ࡢࠉ ཱིᘤࡡ☔ᐁࡈࡵࡂࠉἪᚂࡡຝງࡵࡂࠉெ㛣ྜྷኃࡡಘ㢏ࡵ࠷࠾ࡼ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ(Id., pp.751-752) ࡆࡿࡢࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗ➠ 2 ᕬ➠ 9 ❮ࠔපභࡡಘ⩇࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠕࡡා㢄㒂࡚࠵ࡾࠉᐁࡢࡆࡡ❮ ࡢࠖၛᴏཋㄵࠗࡡⲙ✇࡚ࡢࠔපභࡡಘ⩇࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡㄵ⩻ࠕ࡛ࡊ࡙➠ 2 㒂ࡡ᭩ᚃࢅ⥶ࡴᣋࡾన ⨠࡞⨠࠾ࡿ࡙࠽ࡽࠉࠖኬࣇࣛࢷࣤၛᴏྍࠗࡡ➠ 3 ᕬ࡞ࡵ㘋ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡒࠊୖ⥲㒂ࡢษᮇࠖၛ ᴏㅦ⩇ࠗิ∟࡚➠ 2 ᕬࡡ୯⛤ࡡన⨠࡞⛛ࡈࡿࡾ࡞㝷ࡊຊ➱ࡈࡿࡒ㒂ฦ࡚࠵ࡽࠉ㔔ୖ⥲㒂ࡢ ࡈࡼ࡞➠ 2 ∟࡚㏛ຊࡈࡿࡒㄊྀ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ㸱㸳࡚ᅑࢆࡓㄊྀࡢࠔㄵ⩻ࠕ࡞ࡢ࠵ࡖࡒࠉࠖၛᴏ ㅦ⩇ࠗษᮇ࡚ࡢ๎㝎ࡈࡿࡒࠊ࠽ࠉษᮇ࡚ࡢ㸟ࡡ⟘ᡜ࡞ḗࡡࠔἸࠕຊ࠻ࡼࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ - 135 - *ࡆࡡࣚࢷࣤㄊࡡࠒfidesࠓ࡛࠷࠹ゕⴝࡢࠉ࢟ࣛࢨㄊࡡࠒsphidisࠓࠉࠔᘳcordaࠕࠉࠔ⤆legameࠕ ࡚࠵ࡽࠉࡆࡆ࠾ࡼࠒsphignoࠓࠔ⤎ࡩallacciareࠕ⏍ࡋࠉᴞჹࡡᘳࢅ⤘ࡖ࡙ⁿࡌࡾ⩽ࡢࣚࢷࣤㄊ࡚ ࠒfidicenࠓࠉዥᛮࡼࡣࠒficicinaࠓ࡛ࡖࡒࠊࡊࡒࡖ࡙ࠉපභࡡಘ⩇࡛ࡢࠉୌᅗࡡࠍெࡷㅎᐓ᪐ࢅ ࠽ப࠷࡞ࡀࡗࡂ⤎ࡦࡗࡄࡒࡽࠉᙴࡼࢅྦ࡛ࠉࡱࡒஹ᪾ࡌࡾධ࡙ࡡᅗẰ࡛ࡀࡗࡂ⤎ࡦࡗࡄࡾᘳ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ࡆࡡࠐපභࡡಘ⩇ࠑㄵࡢࠉࠖၛᴏཋㄵࠗⲙ✇࡚ࡡධ 20 ⟿ࠖኬࣇࣛࢷࣤၛᴏྍ࡚ࠗධ 22 ⟿࡛ࡽࠉࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇࡚ࠗࡢ᭩⤂Ⓩ࡞ධ 33 ⟿(ิ∟࡚ࡢ 32 ⟿)࡞ቌࡈࡿࡾࠉࡐࡆ࡞ ࡢ Ѹ ࡷࡢࡽࣂ࣭࢝ࢿࡡ∸⌦Ⓩ♣ఌふࢅཱིࡽࡌࡾࡻ࠹( ዚ⏛ 2003c)Ѹ ḗࡡୌ⟿ࡵ࠵ࡾࠊ Ꮣ≺ soli ࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛ࠉࡌࢂࡔᠻࠍࡡྜྷ㢦 simli ࡛ࡡ࠵ࡼࡹࡾஹῦ commercio ࠾ࡼ㝰㞫ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ ࡆ࡛࡞ࡵࡱࡊ࡙ࠉᖶ࡛ᛦࢂࡿࡾெ㛣ࡡ≟ឺࡢ࡞࠷ࠊࣛࢪࢹࢷࣝࢪࡡ⨶ࡊࡂ┷ᐁゕⴝ࡞࠵ ࡾࡻ࠹࡞ࠉᏓ≺࡚⮤ฦୌெ࡚㊂ࡌࡾெ㛣ࡢࠉ♼࠾ࠉࡈࡵࡄࡿࡣ㔕⊿࡞ࡔ࠷࠷ࠊ⏍࡛ᖶ⚗ ࢅ࠻࡙ࡂࡿࡾྜྷ㢦ࡡ㐭࠷ࡊ࡚ర࡚ࡀࡻ࠹࠾㸴@͐͐]ࡆࡡ⌦ᛮⓏ♣ఌࡢࠉࡐࡿࢅᙟࡘࡂࡾᵋ ᠺဤࡒࡔ┞ப࡞┷ᐁࡡཪெྜྷኃ࡚ࡄࡿࡣࠉᏋᅹ࡚ࡀ࠷ࠊᨳమ࡞࠽ࡄࡾெࠍࡡ㛣ࡡ┞பⓏ ཪ reciproca amicizia ࡢࠉ∸మࢅᵋᠺࡌࡾ᚜⢇Ꮔࡡ㛣ࡡ┞பⓏᘤງ attrazione ࡡࡻ࠹ࡵࡡ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ⮤↓⏲ࡡኬࡀ∸మࡢࡆ࠹ࡊࡒ┞பࡡᘤງࡊ࡞ࡢᏋᅹࡊ࠻࠷ࠊཪࡊ࡞ࡢ࠷࠾ࡾᨳమࡵ Ꮛᅹࡊ࠻࠷ࠊ (Id., pp.762-763) ெ࡛ࡡࠔஹῦ commercioࠕ࡛ࡽࢂࡄࠔཪࠕࡂ࡙ࡢࠉெ㛣ࡢ⏍ࡀ࡙࠷ࡄ࠷ࠊࡐ ࡊ࡙ࡷࠔၛᴏࠕࡂ࡙ࡢࠐᩝ᪺=ᕰẰ⏍Ὡࠑࡢ❟ࡔࡹ࠾࠷ࠊࡐࡡ࡛ࡀࠔཪࠕ࡞┞ ᚺࡌࡾࡵࡡࠐපභࡡಘ⩇ࠑ࡚࠵ࢀ࠹ࠊ ࡓࠉ⌟ᐁࡡၛᴏୠ⏲ࡡ㐅ᒈࡢࠉࡐࡿࢅࡱࡈ࡞㊻ࡲ࡞ࡋࡽࡗࡗ࠵ࡾࡡ࡚ࡢ࠷࠾㸴 ࠔၛ ᴏỏㄵࠕ௧ᮮࠉࠔዘࠕࢅᇱᮇⓏ࡞ᐖヾࡊ(ዚ⏛ 1986-87)ࠉࠔၛᴏࡡ⮤⏜ࠕࢅ᧞㆜ࡊ࡙ࡀࡒ(ዚ ⏛ 1987)ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࡵࠉᠩᛍࢅࡴ࡙࠷ࡒࡢࡍ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ➠ 1 ᕬා㢄ࡡࠐᕰẰమࠑㄵ࡞ ᚺࡌࡾ࠾ࡡࡻ࠹࡞さ▴࡛ࡊ࡙ᤛ࠻├ࡈࡿࡒࠐපභࡡಘ⩇ࠑㄵࡡᣉඖࠉࡱࡈ࡞ࡐࡡࡆ࡛ࢅ ㄊࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡻ࠹࡞ᛦࢂࡿࡾࠊ ࡐࡿ࡚ࡢࠖၛᴏㅦ⩇ࠗࡡᑹࢅ㣥ࡾ(?)ࠔெ㛣ࡡᖶ⚗ࡡࡒࡴࡡᕠᐣࡡ⏕㏭࡞㛭ࡌࡾㄵ⩻ࠕ ࡡሔྙࡢ࠹࠾ࠊࠖኬࣇࣛࢷࣤၛᴏྍࠗ➠ 2 ᕬࡡิฝ࡞ࡢධ 42 ⟿࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠉࠖၛᴏཋ ㄵࠗⲙ✇(➠ 2 㒂➠ 14 ❮)࡚ࡢධ 53 ⟿࡛ࡽࠉ᭩ᚃࡢධ 85 ⟿࡞⭶ࡿ࠵ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࡡࡓࠉ ࡐࡡ々㞟ᨭ✇㐛⛤࠾ࡼరㄖࡲཱིࡿࡾ࠾ࡢḗࡡㄚ㢗࡛ࡊࡒ࠷ࠊ Bibliografia(ᢊ㘋) 㸟ධᩝࡢᙔ㒼ᕱ࠷ࡒࡊࡱࡌࠊ Bruni, Luigino (2006) Civil Happiness: Economics and human flourishing in historical perspectives, London: Routledge. ࠘ࠖ⤊ ῥᏕྍ◂✪ࠗ49 ᕬ 1 ྒ࡞ᕖಚ㞖ᘧఌဤࡡ᭡フ࠙ Ferrone, Vincenzo (2003) La società giusta ed equa. Repubblicanesimo e diritti dell'uomo in Gaetano Filangieri, Bari: Laterza. ࠘ࠖᮇ 18 ୠ⣎Ꮥఌᖳሒࠗ➠ 22 ྒ࡞ሒ࿈⩽ࡡ᭡フ࠙ Pagden, Anthony (1988) The Destruction of Trust and Its Economic Consequences in the Case of Eighteenth-century Naples., in Trust: making and breaking cooperative relations, edited by Diego Gambetta, Oxford: Blackwell, pp.127-141. Robertson, John (2005) The Case for the Enlightenment: Scotland and Naples 1680-1760, Cambridge University Press. ࠘ࠖᮇ 18 ୠ⣎Ꮥఌᖳሒࠗ➠ 22 ྒ࡞ᮟᮿⱩ⨶ఌဤࡡ᭡フࠊࠖ⤊ῥᏕྍ◂✪ࠗ49 ᕬ 2 ྒ࡞ሒ࿈⩽ࡡ᭡フ࠙ ዚ⏛ᩏ(1986-87) 18 ୠ⣎ࢻ࣎ࣛ⋜ᅗ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࠔᨳ⤊ῥᏕࠕࡡᙟᠺѸ ࣤࢹࢼ࢛࣬ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࠔၛᴏỏㄵࠕ࡛ࡐ ࡡ࿔㎰, ࠖ⏛Ꮥఌ㞟ヽࠗ79-5, pp.58-72; 79-6, pp.89-102. Ѹ (1987) ࠒၛᴏࡡ⮤⏜ࠓࡡ⌦ᛍ࡛⌟ᐁѸ ࣤࢹࢼ࢛࣬ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩ࡛ 1764 ᖳࠔኬ㣒㤙ࠕ, ࠖࢰࣛᏕఌヽࠗ Ѹ (1992) ࠘ゼ࣬よ㢗࠙ࠖࣤࢹࢼ࢛࣬ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩࠔၛᴏỏㄵࠕѸ ၛᴏ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡡୌ⯙Ⓩㄵ⩻㸝1757 ᖳ㸞ࠗ, 37, pp.17-41. ୌᶣኬᏕ♣ఌ⛁Ꮥཿ㈠ᩩࢬࣤࢰ࣭(Study Series 27). Ѹ (2003a) ࠐᕰẰࠑ࡛ࠐᩝ᪺ࠑࡡ࠵࠷ࡓ࡚Ѹ “Economia civile”ࡡゼㄊࢅࡴࡃࡖ࡙ࠉࠖୌᶣኬᏕ♣ఌ⛁Ꮥཿ㈠ᩩࢬ ࣤࢰ࣭ᖳሒࠗ23, pp.11-20. Ѹ (2003b) ࢰࣛ⤊ῥᛦྍ࡞࠽ࡄࡾၤⵒ࡛ᨭ㠁Ѹ ࢻ࣎ࣛ࠾ࡼࡡっⅤ, ࠖ⤊ῥᏕྍᏕఌᖳሒࠗ43, pp.87-101. Ѹ (2003c) ㈶⩽ࡡ㠁Ѹ ࣆࣚࣤࢲ࢘ࢪࢤ࣏࢛࣬ࣛ㹺ࣂ࣭࢝ࢿフἸ, ࠖ⏝༞⤊ῥᏕㄵ㞗ࠗ44-3, pp.1-34. Ѹ (2004) 㧏㈏ᐁᏕѸ ࣤࢹࢼ࢛࣬ࢩ࢘ࢿ࣭ࣥ࢘ࢩ࡞࠽ࡄࡾࠐ⤊ῥᏕࠑࡡิᚨ, ࠖ⏝༞⤊ῥᏕㄵ㞗ࠗ45-1, pp.77-107; 45-2, pp.59-109. Ѹ (2006) ㎾༞ࢰࣛ࡞࠽ࡄࡾභ⩇ࡡ㐘Ѹ V.ࢠ࢛࣭ࢤ࡛ 1799 ᖳࢻ࣎ࣛ㠁, ⏛୯⚵ኰ࣬ᒜ⬝├ྒྷ⥽ࠖභ ⩇ࡡᛦ✭㛣Ѹ ࢨࣥࢴࢠ࣬ࣃ࣭࣏ࣖࢼࢫ࣑ࡡྊ⬗ᛮࠗ, ྞཿᒁኬᏕฝ∟ఌ, pp.383-417. - 136 -
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