gv. 9
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360
#8
aprili
politikuri
banqos
amoucnobi masti
Cven SevcvliT!
axalgazrduli Jurnali
gv. 46
gv. 58
gv. 62
gv. 64
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0
360 /#8
warsulidan awmyoSi - partiidan partiaSi
Cven, susti mexsierebis patronebi ................................ 6
saavtoro jgufi
legenda, romelmac politikuri
azrovnebis sistema Seqmna . ................................................ 7
anano muqaTariZe
givi sixaruliZe
giorgi CubiniZe
eTo oCiauri
elene lobJaniZe
Tabuka cimintia
TamTa qavTaraSvili
Tornike razmaZe
Teona WiRlaZe
mariam Citauri
mariam yufaraZe
mariam xuciSvili
nini mWedliSvili
neli SavlaZe
sofio kaWarava
Sorena xalvaSi
xatia Tordua
nata jalaRonia
Tamar lomTaZe
sofo cirgaia
Teona araxamia
giorgi lomsaZe
Tako kiknaveliZe
luka mgalobliSili
mariam arCuaZe
aris Tu ara migracia dabrkoleba
saqarTvelosTvis evrokavSirisken
mimaval gzaze? ........................................................................... 11
redaqtori
me lideri var anu bevri mimdevrebi myavs................. 15
axali Sourumis prezentacia
„london hausSi“ ........................................................................ 18
autizmi – sxva samyaro, romelsac
Tanadgoma sWirdeba................................................................ 19
britaneTis sabWos xelovnebis programebi da
roial qorTis Teatri ........................................................... 21
kaTolikuri samyaros axalma papma
msoflio gaaoca ........................................................................ 23
poeziisa da assityviani prozis konkursi .............. 26
yvelaze kargi samuSao am qveynad .................................. 29
etiudebis mexuTe festivali ........................................... 33
festivali „fanARTi“............................................................... 35
dauZleveli araferia-daZlie kompleqsebi ............ 40
~Tuki ufrTebod daibadeT, nu SeuSliT
xels maT zrdas~ . ....................................................................... 41
brZolis veli saqarTvelo ................................................. 43
sofio kaWarava
qarTuli ena – kidev riTia igi gamorCeuli ........... 49
teqnikuri redaqtori
zaza berikiSvili
baTumeli poetis gza da mizani ....................................... 55
`Worikana~ fexsacmeli ......................................................... 61
kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa
silendi-yvelaze patara saxelmwifo . ........................ 62
beqa qvarcxava
levan beglariSvili
wagebuli futsalis Cempionati da
gundis 7 Tviani wvrTnis Sedegebi ................................. 63
© axalgazrduli Jurnali `360 gradusi“ ;saqarTvelo, q. Tbilisi rusTavelis #21, 0108; tel.: 599 88 60 90
360gradus.ge, facebook.com/360gradus.ge
Cven SevcvliT!
politika
levan gamrekeli
politikuri banqos
amoucnobi masti
"ruseTis sagareo da Tavdacvis sabWos" arsebobis
istoriaSi mxolod ori qarTveli figurirebs.
erTi uSiSroebis genrali kobalaZea, meore - misi
megobari, biologi kaxa benduqiZe."
rubrika
4
politika
biologi, oligarqi, lideri da
ruseTis saidumlo samsaxuri
postperestroikuli renesansi da
avTandiloviCis kariera samxedro
industriaSi
kaxa benduqiZis rogorc biznesmenis istoria 90-iani
wlebidan iwyeba. es is periodia, postperestroikuli ruseTi kapitalistur yaidaze gadasvlas rom cdilobda. daiSala sabWoeTi , daingra komunisturi imperia da mis jer kidev
Tbil nangrevebze sukis politikuri orkestris diriJorebma kapitalis dagrovebis axali rbola wamoiwyes. es ruseTis
e.w. „modernizaciis“ xanis dasawyisia. am periodidan iwyeba
biznesSi moZraobis Cekisturi wesebis Camoyalibeba.
rusuli kapitalizmi daiyo sam did zonad: 1. strategiuli politikuri biznesi, anu iseTi, romelsac mxolod
ruseTis uSiSroebis samsaxurebi unda akontrolebdnen - iaraRis warmoeba, atomuri industria, navTobsagazo politikis mTavari obieqtebi; 2. biznesi, romelsac kriminalebi
akontroleben, (es ukanasknelni msuye xarks uxdian pirveli
zonis Sefebs) 3. mesame zona - biznesi sadac yvelas SeuZlia
Zalebis mosinjva, Tumca, SeuZlia, mxolod pirveli da meore
zonis mesveurebTan SeTanxmebiT.
hoda, swored am dros, roca ssrk-s dangrevaze gabrazebuli kagebe revanSisTvis emzadeboda da Tavis „sando“ xalxs
svamda strategiuli obieqtebis marTvis pultebTan, zemoxsenebuli pirveli zonis avanscenaze biologi kaxa benduqiZe gamodis. igi samxedro industriis gigantebis, jer „uralmaSis“, mere „gaerTianebuli manqanaTmSenebeli qarxnebis“
da „silovie maSinis“ generaluri direqtori da sameTvalyureo sabWos Tavmjdomare xdeba. am periodebSi igi erT-erTi yvelaze zesaidumlo miznebis mqone strategiuli obieqtis „atomstroi eqsportis“ prezidenticaa. es atomstroi
eqsporti wyalqveSa navebs aSenebs, aSenebs atomur eleqtro
sadgurebs da amas akeTebs ara marto ruseTSi, aramed magaliTad iranSic...da saerTod yvelgan, sadac amas ruseTis
uSiSroeba gadawyvets....maSin swored iranSi skandaluri
„buSeris“ atomuri eleqtro sadguris mSeneblobiT gaiTqva am kompaniam saxeli. swored amis mere mieca amerikas, mTel
dasavleTs da axlo aRmosavleTs sadardebeli: irans e.w.
atomuri programa, marTla misi provinciebis, magaliTad,
jandabis (aris aseTi mxare iranSi) gasaCaxCaxeblad sWirdeba, Tu Telavivis dasabneleblad amzadebs atomur bombs.
mokled, iranisa ra mogaxsenoT, magram israelis samxedro
elitis temperamentiani generlebi benduqiZis misamarTiT
brazis Semcvel gamonaTqvamebs, albaT ar daiSurebdnen.
kaxa benduqiZe garda zemoCamoTvlili kompaniebisa sxva
strategiuli obieqtebis mmarTveli da mepatronec iyo 2004
wlamde, anu sanam saqarTveloSi Camovidoda da ministri
gaxdeboda. 2004 wlis Semdeg ukve danamdvilebiT ar Cans benduqiZem mis strategiul wilebs ra uyo - gaasxvisa, Tu farulad daitova... magram...
arc saqarTveloSi gadmobargebis Semdeg wyvetda. vgulisxmob mis saqmianobas iseT, rusuli yaidis „masonur“ kavSirSi,
rogoricaa „ruseTis sagareo da Tavdacvis sabWo“. sabWos
devizi Zveli masonuri loJebis devizebs mogvagonebs - „Viribus Unitis“ , (anu, rom vTargmnoT - „erTiani ZalisxmeviT“), rac
Zalian hgavs vardebis revoluciis Semdeg saqarTvelos gerbze datanil frazas - „Zala erTobaSia“.
am sabWoSi misi daarsebis dRidan orad ori qarTuli
gvari figurirebs ruseTis uSiSroebis general-maiori
iuri kobalaZe da biologi kaxa benduqiZe. sanam saubars baton benduqiZeze gavagrZelebT, modiT jer kobalaZeze vTqvaT oriod sityva.
iuri kobalaZe dRes „ruseTis sagareo da Tavdacvis sabWo“ umaRlesi organos - prezidiumis wevria. rogorc sabWos
oficialur veb-gverdze SVOP.RU kobalaZis biografiaSi
vkiTxulobT, es kaci Tavisi dRe da moswreba jer kagebeSi,
Semdeg efesbeSi muSaobda, iyo ruseTis sagareo dazvervis
pres-biuros xelmZRvaneli 1991-1999 wlebSi, anu maSin,
roca ruseTi aqtiur sainformacio (da ara mxolod sainformacio) oms awarmoebda saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg.
iuri kobalaze kidev imiT gamoirCeva, rom lamis yovelwliurad gazeT komersantSi Ria werils aqveynebs da kaxa benduqiZes dabadebis dRes ulocavs Zalian saeWvo orazrovani
teqstebiT. ai iseTebiT, uSiSroebis TanamSromlebi agentebisaTvis daSifruli davalebis micemisas rom iyeneben.
dRes „ruseTis sagareo da Tavdacvis sabWos“ SemadgenlobaSi kaxa benduqiZis gvar-saxeli sabWos oficialur veb
gverdze ar iZebneba, Tumca isic unda aRiniSnos, rom am vebgverds saZiebo ganyofileba saerTod ar aqvs, rac naxevradsaidumlo organizaciebisaTvis damaxiaTebeli niSanTvisebaa. marTalia, veb-gverdze benduqiZe TiTqmis ar mosCans,
magram iq oriod wlis ukan kaxa benduqiZe sabWos wevrad namdvilad fiqsirdeboda mTeli Tavisi sisavsiT da fotokolaJiTac ki.
benduqiZe TiTqmis ar mosCans
rogorc Cans, dRes viRacam „ruseTis sagareo da Tavdacvis
sabWoSi“ benduqiZis moRvaweobis Sesaxeb informaciis xelmisawvdomobis SezRudva ganizraxa, magram informaciis
srulad amoZirkva mainc ver mouxerxebia. Tu mizandasaxuli
Jurnalisti am saitze kalendris sistemiT daiwyebs informaciebis moZiebas da kirkits , Tan cota Google-sac daixmars
da daaTvalierebs 1992 wlidan gamoqveynebul dokumentebs,
aucileblad aRadgens benduqiZis „naTel“ kvals SVOP-Si.
rogorc publikaciebi mowmoben, kaxa benduqiZe SVOPSi aqtiur saqminobas eweoda sabWos sxva wevrebTan erTad.
magaliTad, benduqiZe Sedioda sabWos im mTavar birTvSi,
romelic ruseTis sakonstitucio cvlilebebze muSaobda
1998 wlidan. am jgufis mier momzadda cvlilebaTa paketi,
romelic ruseTis mTavrobam ganixila. sabWos mier momzadebul dokumentSi safrTxed aris miCneuli ruseTis saparlaViribus Unitis , anu „erTiani ZalisxmeviT“
mento respublikad gardaqmnis SesaZlebloba, rekomendire....magram faqtia, rom kaxa avTandiloviCi ruseTis bulia ruseTis regionebis gubernatorTa daniSvna ruseTis
elitur sivrceSi aqtiur polit-ideologiur saqmianobas prezidentis mier premier ministris wardginebiT da a.S.
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360 /#8
5
politika
..erTi sityviT, dRes Tu vinme akritikebs ruseTis saxelmwifo da institucionaluri mowyobis arsebul models da
mas diskriminaciulad miiCnevs, kritikis obieqtad zatulinebis, migranianebis, lavrovebis da sxva qarTvelTmoZuleebis gverdiT qarTveli benduqiZec unda airCios. sagulisxmoa, is faqtic, rom benduqiZe SVOP-Si xelmZRvanelobda
mimarTulebas, romelsac aseTi saxeli hqvia - „ruseTis modernizacia“. praqtikuli gagebiT es modernizacia dRes putinis xelisuflebis gaZlierebaSi da ruseTis velikoderJavuli ambiciebis totalur gamovlenaSi gamoixateba.
saqarTveloSi gaministrebis Semdeg benduqiZe aqtiurad
cdilobda „sagareo da Tavdacvis sabWos“ xelmZRvanelebis
saqarTveloSi Camoyvanas investoris statusiT ; maTi Sexvedrebis organizebas maRal doneze . ase magaliTad, Cvens
mier zemoTnaxsenebi ruseTis uSiSroebis generali da SVOPis prezidiumis wevri kobalaZe, romelic 2006 wels kompania
renesans-kapitalis xelmZRvaneli iyo, amave wlis noemberSi
saqarTveloSi Camodis. igi preskonferenciebs marTavs benduqiZesTan erTad; awyobs Sexvedrebs parlamentSi da prezidentTan. molaparakebebis detalebi ucnobia, magram
benduqiZe kobalaZis daxasiaTebisas, misi misamarTiT keTil
sityvebs ar iSurebs. arada iuri kobalaZe swored is qarTvelia, romelic, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, 90-iani wlebSi ruseTis uSiSroebis samsaxurSi kremlis sainformacio
politikas ganagebda.
sainteresoa kidev erTi ambavi axlo warsulidan. gaxsovT albaT, kaxa benduqiZem, romelic ruseTSi imiT gamoirCeoda, rom strategiul obieqtebs marTavda, saqarTveloSi
Camosvlis Semdeg lamis yvelas agvikrZala sityva strategiulis gamoyeneba. misi sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, strategiuli obieqtebi ar arseboben da „yvelaferi SeiZleba gaiyidos sindisis garda“. mSvenieri gamonaTqvamia, magram iseTi
strategiuli obieqtis ruseTisaTvis miyidvis lobireba,
rogoric saqarTvelos teritoriaze gamavali ruseT-somxeTis damakavSirebeli milsadenia, politikuri moralis
standartebSi namdvilad ver jdeba. swored am milsadenis
ruseTisaTvis gadabarebas lobirebda kaxa benduqiZe da
kidev kargi, rom es saqme CaiSala. yvelaze saintereso Tavad procesia - rogor cdilobda dasaxuli miznis ganxorcielebas benduqiZe. modiT gavixsenoT detalebi :
faruli putinisturi propaganda
grZeldeba ?!
dabolos, „ruseTis sagareo da TavdacviTi politikis
sabWoSi“ kaxa benduqiZis moRvaweobis amsaxveli dokumentebis Ziebis dros erT saintereso detals mivageniT, romelic cxadyofs , rom benduqiZe, proputinistul propagandas
ar eSveboda arc 2007 wlis Semdeg, anu mas Semdegac, roca
ruseTma embargo gamogvicxada da ruseTidan qarTvelebis
damamcirebeli gamoyra daiwyo. sainteresoa isic , rom propagandistuli naSromi, romlis Sesaxebac minda miganiSnoT,
Cinurad aris dawerili, anu warmoadgens erTgvar adaptirebul Targmans CineTis auditoriisaTvis. wignis saxelwodebaa vladimer putini. wignis garekanze putinis suraTia
gamotanili „sandomiani mzeriT“. marTalia, wignis mTavari
teqsti ieroglifebiTaa Sesrulebuli magram , sqolioebSi da gamoyenebuli literaturis CamonaTvalSi rusuli
teqstiT aris Cawerili wignis pirvelwyaroebi. swored aq,
ramdenime TanaavtorTan erTad aris CamoTvlili kaxa benduqiZe, iuri kobalaze da SVOP-is sxva wevrebi , naSromi ki
daTariRebulia 2007 wliT. es wigni advilad iZebneba books.
google.co.uk-Si da amazon.com-ze.internetSi maqsimum 5 wuTi
dagWideT mis sapovnelad.
statiis dasasruls minda aRvniSno, rom Cveni Jurnali
Semdeg nomrebSic SemogTavazebT publikaciebs msgavs Temebze. sCans, gamosakvlevi kidev bevria. politikuri banqos
amoucnobi masti - kaxa benduqiZe amosacnobTa siaSi kvlavindeburad liderobs.
~
iyideba yvelaferi sindisis garda?!
2003 wlis 24 noembers“vardebis revoluciidan“ 24 saaTze
naklebi droSi buSis administraciam misi warmomadgenlis
zeino baranis meSveobiT ganacxada, rom kavkasiis regionSi
saqarTvelo milsadenis mTavari gasaRebia. Semdgom amisa,
roca buSis administraciam igrZno milsadenis ruseTze miyidvis realuri safrTxe , baranis piriT uSualod ganacxada, rom „gazpromi“ pirdapir kremls emorCileba da misTvis strategiuli milsadenis miyidva, amerikaSi aRiqmeboda
mxolod, rogorc saqarTvelos politikuri gawyvetileba.
benduqiZe baranma ise aRaSfoTa, rom sruliad uceremoniod
daiwyo misi lanZRva sajarod, man Tqva: „ra saTvalavSi Casagdebia uvargisi eqsperti, romelic sakuTar jibeze fiqrobs.
zeino baranisnairebi, anu cudi eqsperti, amerikaSi gacilebiT metia, vidre saqarTveloSi. amerikaSi 200 mln kaci
cxovrobs, saqarTveloSi ki 4 mln, amdenjer meti uWkuo analitikosi cxovrobs aSS-Si“, - ilanZReboda baranis misamarTiT
kaxa benduqiZe. warmoidgineT dRes es sityvebi saqarTvelos
romelime ministris moadgilis TanaSemwem rom Tqvas.... albaT prezidenti saakaSvili strasburgSi da vaSingtonSi wava
mquxare protestis gamosaxatad. arada amas misi ministri misi
politikuri zeobis zenitSi kadrulobda.
"1998 wels benduqiZe "ruseTis
sagareo da Tavdacvis sabWoSi"
ruseTis konstituciis cvlilebebze
muSaobs, riTac xels uwyobs ruseTis
mkacri centralizaciis process"
`
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#8/360
6
politikuri satira
warsulidan awmyoSi - partiidan partiaSi
Cven, susti mexsierebis patronebi
giorgi CubiniZe
olitikuri procesebi bolo dros ise gardaiqmna, ganviTarda da gaferadda Tavi erT Cveulebriv
galereaSi mgonia da iq gamofenil tiloTa araordinaluri da gamorCeuli ferebiT aRviqvam am metad
saintereso procesebs.
fiqri, zRva da korianteli sinonimia politikis, mTavrobis da opoziciis zusti da gawonasworebuli mniSvnelobiT.
funqciadakarguli, gaTiTokacebuli yofili eri,
rogorcvatyob bolo dros axal funqcias iZens da survili kavkasiis yelis flobis da dapatronebis sul ufro mZafrdeba. politikuri interesebi erTmaneTs ejaxeba. Cveni
qveyana saomar placdarms warmoadgens da gare samyaroc SeSfoTebas gamoTqvams. gamosavlis da daxmarebis saZebnelad
wasuli sulxan-saba orbeliani, ,,bodiSiTo” – da uariT
gamoistumres, albaT ludoviko meToTxmetemac SeSfoTeba
gamoTqva. esec kvlav Semobrunebuli istoria.
axali saukune da epoqa diqtatorul reJimebTan brZoliT
daiwyo. erayis diqtatura daamxo aSS-m da ,,gaTavisuflda”
erayi uRelidan, romelSic misi mosaxleoba iyo Sebmuli.
saintereso procesebi amiT ar amowurula. aqtualurobas
arc ruseTis federacia kargavda mas Semdeg, rac aRarc imperiaa, aRarc sssr respublika, magram plastikuri operaciebiT da botoqsiT ver SevcvliTSinagan samyaros – ruseTis
federacia ki yovelTvis msgavs mdgomareobaSi iyo. vizualurad demokratiuli mmarTveloba patara qveyanas, saqarTvelos Seejaxa. bunebrivi silamaziT dajildovebuli esqveyana binZuri politikis safuZvelze saomari placdarma
gaxda da iqca am epoqis demokratiulad gvemul arsebad.
ibadebian, izrdebian da iqmnebian politikosebi. mere
erTmaneTs umegobrdebian, Tanamoazreebi xdebian, rom warmatebas miaRwion. Semdeg cxovreba xan saiT gaisvris maT da
xan saiT. sadac meti warmatebaa (anuwarmatebaSi, TavisTavad
maRal Semosavliani samuSao igulisxmeva am SemTxvevaSi) iqiT
miiCqarian. mravalwliani megobroba aq mTavrdeba. zogi ar
Tmobs sakuTar principebs da iq rCebasadac misi adgili miaCnia, rom aris. zogierTi ki ise garbis, verc nacnobs cnobs
da verc TavisTavad ucnobs. midian da modian politikosebi.
ra kavSirSia zemoTxsenebul saWirboroto TemebTan es yovelive? kavSiri didia. es mravalwliani megobrebi erTmaneTis
oponentebi xdebian. cocxlad Wamen, lanZRaven da agineben
erTmaneTs. naTliobiT danaTesavebuli ojaxebi, politikiT
Sordebian erTmaneTs da erTmaneTs xan ruseTis agentobas
abraleben, xan amerikis agentobas.
Tanagundelebs lanZRaven. yofil Tanagundelebs, romelzec
saxelmwifo idga da burji iyo eris da qveynis, ruseTis agentobas abraleben. arc meore mxare Camouvardeba ramiT da isi-
p
0
360 /#8
ni amerikis agentobas abraleben. ase ..xamuS-xamuS” da TamaSTamaSiT mimdinareobs xalxmravali aqciebi da yvelaze axalic
unda vaxseno 19 aprilis aqcia, romlis analizsac warmoadgens
Cems mier zemoTxsenebuli TiToeuli sityva.
politikosi, iseve, rogorc Jurnalisti pasuxs agebs sindisis winaSe. dro-JamSemrCevi adamianebi cdiloben daewion
da gauswron dros. medroveobas cdiloben da uWirT aRiaron sakuTari danaSauli. zogierTi politikosi ambobs - ,,Cven
bevri Secdoma davuSviT!” swored magaSia batonebo saqme, am
Secdomebis gamosworebis survils emsaxureba arCevnebi. im
Secdomis gamosworebis survils, moqalaqe, rom saarCevno
urnasTan midioda da sakuTar xmas agdebda, magram sruliad
sapirispiro Sedegs xedavda. am Secdomas umzerda da ucqerda yvela da gadairCia xalxma ukve sruli umravlesobiT.
xalxs ki yvelaferi male aviwydeba. ratomRac yvelaferi
guSin gvinda gakeTdes da ara dRes, miTumetes xval.
sakuTari Secdomebis aRiareba yvela
politikosma unda iswavlos, iqneba es
opozicioneri Tu pozicioneri. partiidan
partiaSi gadabargeba ki gavs erTi
bostnidan meoreSi gadaxtomas iqneb iq
ukeTesi stafilo iyoso. am dros bostnis
patroni zaraldeba, radgan erTi bostanic
gadaTxrili daxvdeba da meore bostanic da
im wels mSieri iqneba. am bostnis patronebi
ki Cven varT, qarTvelebi da es miwac Cvenia.
ra aris qarTveli xalxis mizani? uRelSi Cveni Sebma dasrulda. vercerTi qveyana mogvatyuebs Tu fxizlad viqnebiT
da movusmenT erTmaneTs, gaviTvaliswinebT da pativs vcemT
erTmaneTis azrs.
politika, rom binZuria amas ar Wirdeba arc fici da
arc fiqri. iliasi ar iyos Cveni Tavi Cvenadve unda gveyudnodeso – da am principiT winasaarCevno manipulireba, skamis
dakargvis SiSiT ganpirobebuli patriotizmi danaSaulia
eris da qveynis winaSe. Cven, susti mexsierebis patronebma
davZaboT goneba da saukeTesodan kargi avirCioT politikaSi, radgan saukeTeso mxolod ufali SeiZleba iyos da kargi
- adamiani, pirovneba da politikosi SeiZleba iyos.
ruseTi, aSS, evropa, erayi da sxva vaxsene imitom, rom arc
erTi qveyanaa unaklo, arc erTia SenTvis mudam mlocveli
da warmatebis msurveli. Cven Cveni unda vSvaT myoobadi da
aravisken mimarTulma ar unda vilocoT.
lideri
legenda, romelmac politikuri
azrovnebis sistema Seqmna
~
`
me arasodes daviRlebi
premier-ministrobiT
giorgi CubiniZe
`Tu politikaSi raimes Tqma surT, mamakacs ekiTxebian, Tu gakeTeba – qals~. es brwyinvale margaret tetCeris sityvebia, qalis, romelmac Seqmna epoqa, qalis, romelic
iqca legendad politikuri azrovnebis sistemis SeqmnaSi. margareti iyo qali, romelmac daisaxa mizani, Caisaxa rwmena da daiwyo misken swrafva, udreki bunebiT, mzardi ambiciiT da unariT, gaekeTebina saqme, romelic gamoadgeboda mis qveyanas da msoflios.
am udreki xasiaTis, gambedaobis da uryevi politikis wyalobiT mas ,,rkinis ledi” Searqves da sruliad amarTlebda am metsaxels.
,,rkinis ledi” margaret robertsi 1925 wlis 13 oqtombers londonis CrdiloeTiT,
TiTqos arafriT gamorCeul Zalian patara qalaqSi granthemSi daibada, sadac mamamisi
Caisa da Saqars yidda. mamis wyalobiT margareti mamakacurad aRzarda da mis xasiaTSic
mamakacuri Tvisebebi Warbobda. ,,arasdros Sewyvito muSaoba! mudmivad unda imuSao,
rom cxovreba uzrunvelyofili gqondes”, margareti cxovrebis mZime momentebSi mamis
am sityvebs ixsenebda. is xSirad imeorebda: ,,yvelaferi rasac mivaRwie, mxolod mamaCemis damsaxurebaa, misi aRzrdisa da Segonebebis”. mama umeorebda mas:
rubrika
8
lideri
margaret tetCeri - ,,rkinis ledi”
arasdros Sewyvito muSaoba!
arasdros dakargo kontroli sakuTar
Tavze!
arasdros ilaparako xmamaRla sakuTar
warumateblobebze!
arasdros ayve brbos - jobia Sen gamogyvnen
isini.
margaretic iTvaliswinebda am rCeva-darigebebs. is morCili Svili iyo, dadioda taZarSi (misi ojaxi qristian-meTodisti iyo) da cxovrobda, rogorc Cveulebrivi gogona.
is mTel Tavisufal dros swavlas uTmobda. agrovebda
fuls da amis gamo skolis sauzmezec uars ambobda. asakisTvis Seufereblad ambiciuri iyo da bavSvobidanve mtkiced
gadawyvita gavleniani adamiani gamxdariyo. erTxel leqsebis konkursze gaimarjva. maswavlebelma prizis gadacemisas
uTxra: ,,rogor gagimarTla margaret!”, margaretma ki mtkiced upasuxa: ,,ras niSnavs gamimarTla? me es davimsaxure!”.
skolis Semdeg oqsfordis qalTa umaRles kolej samervilSi qimias swavlobda. is aRniSnavda:
,,kargia, rom mTeli cxovreba qalTa saswavlo
dawesebulebebSi vswavlobdi, bavSvobisas ar
viyavi miCveuli biWebis kompanoaSi yofnas.
maT winaSe kompleqsebi ar mqonia da verc is
viswavle, raime dameTmo maTTvis, mxolod
imitom, rom biWebi iyvnen. xolo, roca
gavizarde, mapatieT, jentlmenebo, magram
ukve gviani iyo!”.
Studentobis periodSi, margareti konservatorTa asociaciis prezidentad airCies. margaret robertsi pirveli
qali gaxda, romelsac oqsfordis universitetis mTeli istoriis manZilze aseTi pativi ergo. am droidan misTvis
ucxo aRaraa sityva ,,pirveli” da misi politikuri cxovrebis Tanamdevi gaxda.
1951 wels londonis industrial olq dartrofSi saparlamento arCevnebSi Tavisi kandidatura wamoayena konservatoruli partiidan. 26 wlis margareti damarcxda, magram
gaicno misi momavali cxovrebis Tanamgzavri deniz tetCeri.
male isini daqorwindnen 1953 wels ki tetCerebs tyupi qalvaJi marki da keroli SeeZinaT. maT cxovrebaSi ver miaRwies iseT simaRleebs, rogorc dedam da mTeli cxovreba mis
CrdilqveS gaatares.
1959 wels margaretma arCevnebSi finClis olqSi mZime
gamarjveba moipova da TemTa palatis deputati gaxda.
parlamentSi misma muSaobam didi avtoriteti SesZina da
1961 wels misda moulodnelad margareti sapensio da socialuri uzrunvelyofis saministros saparlamento mdivnad daniSnes premier makmilanis kabinetSi.
1964 wels arCevnebSi konservatorebi damarcxdnen. 196569 wlebSi tetCeri parlamentis “Crdilovan kabinetSi” sabinao mSeneblobis sakiTxTa ministry iyo. Swored am periodSi
Camoayaliba Tavici polit-ekonomikuri programa, romelsac ,,tetCerizmi” uwodes.
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360 /#8
1970-74 wlebSi konservatorebma kvlav gaimarjves, tetCeri ki hitis kabinetSi ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministrad daniSnes.
1975 wels konservatorebi damarcxdnen da xelisuflebaSi
leiboristebi dabrundnen. hiti partiis lideris postidan gadadga. Swored am dros unda ecada margarets bedi da uimedo
brZolaSi Caeba konservatoruli partiis liderobisaTvis.
margareti yvela dabrkolebis miuxedavad, uZlieresi Sidapartiuli saarCevno kampaniiT pirvel qal xelmZRvanelad airCies. am periodSi mas Searqves metsaxeli “rkinis ledi”.
1979 wels leiboristul partiaSi ganxeTqileba moxda,
maT parlamentSi umravlesoba dakarges. Sedegad vadamdeli
arCevnebi dainiSna, romelSic tetCeris xelmZRvanelobiT
konservatorebma gaimarjves. tetCeri winasaarCevno sityvas ase asrulebda: ,,dae, Cvenma qveyanam, romelic ase Zalian
gviyvars, kvlav daibrunos Rirseba, dideba da mSvidoba!”.
5 maiss margaret tetCeri dauning stritis 10 nomris
diasaxlisi gaxda. ase daiwyo evropis pirveli qali premieris rTuli da saintereso moRvaweoba xelisuflebis lideris
poziciaSi. man 11 welze meti gaatara premieris savarZelSi da meoce saukunis rekordic moxsna. mis dros britaneTs
hqonda udidesi gavlena msoflio politikaSi. is amoudga
gverdSi reigans berlinis kedlis dangrevis saqmeSi da gaatara mniSvnelovani reformebi. Rodesac tetCers hkiTxes
Tu ra aris misi hobi? man upasuxa –politika. me arasodes
daviRlebi ,,premier-ministrobiT”, ambobda igi.
1990 wels misi reitingi katastrofulad daeca, ris gamoc
partiam aiZula posti jon meijorisTvis daeTmo. amave wels
dedofalma elisabedma mas saxelmwifo ordeni gadasca. 1992
wels tetCerma TemTa palatis wevrobaze uari ganacxada
da politikidan wavida, dedofalma mas baronesas tituli
uboZa da neba darTo sikvdilamde lordTa palatis wevri
yofiliyo. politikidan wasvlis Semdeg tetcerma dawera
wigni ,,saxelmwifos marTvis xelovneba”.
marTalia margareti aqtiur politikas CamoSorda, magram
drodadro mainc akeTebda mniSvnelovan politikur gancxadebebs da cdilobda yofiliyo am politikis nawili. 2002 wels
man ramdenime insulti gadaitana. 2003 wels ki 88 wlis asakSi
meuRle denisi gardaecvala, romlis dakrZalvisasac pirvelad sajarod atirda. 2005 wels 80 weli Seusrulda. 2007 wels
is gaxda pirveli premieri, romelsac sicocxleSive daudges
Zegli parlamentSi Tavisive kumiris CerCilis pirispir.
margaret tetCeri 2013 wlis 8 aprils gardaicvala da
amiT dasrulda erTi epoqa brwyinvale politikosi qalisa, romelsac istoriaSi ukve aqvs Tavisi gansakuTrebuli
adgili. qali legenda, romelmac politikuri azrovnebis
sistema Seqmna.
9
lideri
Tamar lomTaZe
vorqSofi ,,martin luTer kingi umcrosi - niWieri oratori Tu
samoqalaqo uflebebisaTvis moZraobis meTauri’’
merikis megobarTa klubma afro-amerikelTa istoriis Tvis aRsaniSnavad Caatara vorqSofi - ,,martin
luTer kingi umcrosi - niWieri oratori Tu samoqalaqo uflebebisaTvis moZraobis meTauri’’. proeqtSi monawileobis miReba SeeZloT 19-dan 24 wlamde
studentebs, rogorc bakalavrebs, aseve magistrantebs.
monawileebi SerCeul iqnen CV-isa da samotivacio werilis mixedviT da vorqSofis yvela monawiles gadaeca sertifikati.
a
seminaris farglebSi naCvenebi iqna dokumenturi
filmi. gaimarTa jgufuri muSaoba da diskusia.
proeqtis xelmZRvanelebis gadmocemiT, seminari
daexmaraT studentebs, mieRoT meti codna samoqalaqo
uflebebis da rasobrivi problemebis Sesaxeb. maTi
azriT, aRniSnulma seminarma bevri informacia
SesZina studentebs aSS-Si 1950-60-ian wlebSi arsebuli
rasobrivi problemebis Sesaxeb.
rac Seexeba uSualod vorqSofis mTavar Temasa da
gmirs, rogorc cnobilia, martin luTer kingi (umcrosi)
daibada 1929 wlis 1 ianvars atlantaSi, jorjias StatSi.
kingi iyo yvelaze gamoCenili afroamerikeli oratori, SavkanianTa samoqalaqo uflebebisTvis da samarTlianobisTvis
mebrZoli, is aseve aqtiurad gamodioda msoflioSi aSS-s
kolonialuri agresiis winaaRmdeg. amerikuli sazogadoebis demokratizaciaSi mniSvnelovani wvlilis SetanisaTvis
martins 1964 wels mieniWa nobelis premia. kingis gamosvlebi
Tanamedrove oratoruli xelovnebis klasikadaa miCneuli.
amasTanave, is mouwodebda sazogadoebis TiToeul wevrs
Tanasworobis miRwevas mSvidobiani gziT da segregaciuli kanonis aRmofxvras, rac laTinuri sityvaa da niSnavs
- rasobrivi diskriminaciis erT-erT saxes -feradkanianTa
iZulebiTi gamoyofa TeTrkanianebisagan.
martin luTer kingi umcrosis mier warmoTqmuli sityvebi samoqalaqo uflebebis moZraobas energias matebda iwyeboda marSebi, ekonomikuri boikotebi, masiuri gamosvlebi. am moZraobas Sedegad mohyva aqti uflebebis Sesaxeb,
romelic miRebul iqna kongresis mier.
martin luTer kingis yvelaze cnobili gamosvlaa “me
maqvs ocneba” («I have a dream»), romelic warmoTqva mSvidobiani marSis dros vaSingtonSi 1963 wels linkolnis monumentis kvarcxlbekTan da aRniSnul ceremonials daaxloebiT 300 aTasi amerikeli eswreboda.
kingi 1968 wlis 4 aprils qalaq memfisSi 39 wlis asakSi
mokles snaiperis meSveobiT.
,,niWieri oratori Tu samoqalaqo uflebebisaTvis moZraobis meTauri’’ baftistur eklesiaSi mRvdelmsaxuris
saqmianobas axorcielebda.
misi,rogorc lideris periodi, iwyeba, erTi SexedviT,
TiTqos umniSvnelo SemTxvevidan:
1955 wels qalaq montgomerSi Savkanianma mkeravma roza
parksma samuSaodan dabrunebisas avtobusSi uari Tqva
TeTrkaniani mgzavrisTvis adgilis daTmobaze, ris gamoc
daapatimres da aRniSnuli qmedeba sazogadoebaSi wesrigis
darRvevad daukvalificires. martin luTer kingis xelmZRvanelobiT Savkanianma mosaxleobam boikoti gamoucxada
montgomeris satransporto xazs 382 dRis ganmavlobaSi.
1956 wels aSS-s umaRlesma sasamarTlom transportSi raso-
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10
lideri
vorqSofi ,,martin luTer kingi umcrosi - niWieri oratori Tu
samoqalaqo uflebebisaTvis moZraobis meTauri’’
brivi uTanasworoba cno konstituciis darRvevad. martin
luTer kingma icoda, rom prezidentis gadadgoma an sxva msgavsi qmedeba ar uSvelida im problemas, romelic amerikis
winaSe idga. xalxis azrovneba unda Secvliliyo. ubralo,
sadRac oklahomaSi an arkanzasSi mcxovrebi amerikili unda
mimxvdariyo, rom adamiani adamiania, miuxedadad misi kanis
ferisa da religiuri mrwamsisa. martin luTer kingma es SeZlo. man adamianebs azrovneba Seucvala. linkolnis monumentis kvarcxlbekTan gamosvlis dRes kingi elaparaka mTel
amerikas: ara mxolod iq Sekrebil xalxs da ara mxolod cocxal adamianebs, aramed - jer ardabadebul Taobas. albaT,
SevTanxmdebiT imaze, rom martin luTer kingis msgavsi adamianebi iSviaTad ibadebian, Zalian iSviaTad, magram toveben
kvals, romlis mixedviT Taobebi cxovrebas swavloben.
”me rasac vambob, Zalian martivia: cxovreba erTia, Cven
gabmulni varT erT badeSi da erTi bedi gvaqvs. nebismieri
ram, rac erT adamianze axdens pirdapir zegavlenas, sxva
adamianebsac exebaT iribad. raRac ucnauri mizezis gamoa,
rom me ver viqnebi is, vinc unda viyo, sanam Tqven ar iqnebiT
is, vinc unda iyoT da Tqven ver iqnebiT is, vinc unda iyoT,
sanam me ar viqnebi is, vinc unda viyo”
“mSvidoba ubralod Soreuli mizani araa, romliskenac
miviswrafiT, aramed - Tavad mSvidobaa am miznis misaRwevi
saSualeba.”
`mSvidoba
ubralod
Soreuli
mizani araa,
romliskenac
miviswrafiT,
aramed - Tavad
mSvidobaa
am miznis
misaRwevi
saSualeba.~
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360 /#8
“sibnele ver daiZleva sibneliT, mxolod sinaTles ZaluZs
misi Zleva. siZulvili ver daiZleva siZulviliT– es mxolod
siyvaruls SeuZlia.” -xazgasmiT aRniSnavda martin luTer
kingi.
vfiqrob, kingis pirovnebaSi harmoniulad iyo Serwymuli orive adamianis Tviseba da unari - niWieri oratorisa
da adamianis samoqalaqo uflebebisaTvis TavgamodebiT mebrZoli gmirisa, romelsac calsaxad hqonda gaTavisebuli
ciceronis cnobili sityvebi, rom ,,adamianma undo icxovros
ara sakuTari TavisaTvis an sxva adamianisaTvis, aramed - samSoblosaTvis.’’
”me rasac vambob, Zalian martivia: cxovreba
erTia, Cven gabmulni varT erT badeSi da
erTi bedi gvaqvs. nebismieri ram, rac erT
adamianze axdens pirdapir zegavlenas, sxva
adamianebsac exebaT iribad. raRac ucnauri
mizezis gamoa, rom me ver viqnebi is, vinc
unda viyo, sanam Tqven ar iqnebiT is, vinc
unda iyoT da Tqven ver iqnebiT is, vinc
unda iyoT, sanam me ar viqnebi is, vinc unda
viyo”
`sibnele ver
daiZleva
sibneliT,
mxolod
sinaTles ZaluZs
misi Zleva.
siZulvili
ver daiZleva
siZulviliTes mxolod
siyvaruls
SeuZlia.~
orientiri
nino mexuzla
xla, roca Sen saqarTvelos noyier miwaze
Seni wili haeriT sunTqav, gril Cais miirTmev
da pirze Rimilmogvril mezoblebs ugzavni
salams, Seni erTi Zveli megobari, ucxo mxares
Sexiznuli, tvirTsavse xurjini rom moukidebia, mag Sens CasunTqul haers etmasneba yovel Tvalis daxamxamebaze, magram Tvalis daxuWvas rom Savi
karkasebi, jibegamoxeuli davaJkacebuli ymawvilebi,
bankisgan aRebuli valebi mohyveba, wili haeris xvedri
yelSi moWerili rkinis marwuxia.
bevrma sxvis kalTebSi Sergo Tavi. bevri beds miendo, bedma ki dResac ar icis sakuTari mniSvneloba. mere
am process ewoda migracia. da mainc, ra aris migracia?
etimologia ar gulisxmobs mis dadebiT Tu uaryofiT
aspeqts, migracia adamianis gadaadgilebaa, romelic
statistikurad aRricxvadi sazRvrebis gadakveTaSi
a
aris Tu ara
migracia dabrkoleba
saqarTvelosTvis
evrokavSirisken
mimaval gzaze?
rubrika
12
orientiri
gamoixateba. bevri saxis migracia arsebobs, misi gamomwvevi
bevri mizezi, Tumca yuradRebas gavamaxvileb im motivebze,
romlebmac ubiZga qarTvelebs miemarTaT sxva qveynebisTvis.
migraciis saxeebidan ( sezonuri, qanqariseburi da a.S ) gamovyofdi SromiT migracias. SromiTi migracia ara mxolod
saqarTvelos, aramed msoflios, globaluri problemaa.
1991-1995 wlebis saqarTvelo gamoirCeva didi emigraciuli
talRiT, rac ganapiroba postkomunistur qveynebSi mimdinare intensiurma transformaciulma procesebma. socialuri
gamokvlevis mixedviT saqarTvelodan ucxoeTSi samuSaod
wasvlis ZiriTad motivad materialuri mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis survili dasaxelda. kvlevam aCvena, rom aq darCenili ojaxebis mexuTeds (17,4 %) araviTari Semosavali
ar aqvs da mTlianad SromiTi emigrantis kmayofaze imyofeba. imave kvlevidan cxadad Cans, rom SromiT-migraciuli
nakadebi, es exeba ZiriTadad 30 wels gadacilebul adamianebs, 4 qveyniskenaa mimarTuli: ruseTSia gasuli mTliani
nakadis 52,6 %, saberZneTSi 11,2 %, germaniaSi 11% da aSSSi 8,2 %. USAID-isa da Save The Children-is erToblivi kvlevis Sedegebic igivea (2%-iani sxvaoba). SromiTi migraciis
garda, iZulebiTma, Sida da sxva saxis migraciamac iCina Tavi
saqarTveloSi. soliduri statistikuri monacemebis uqonloba ar iZleva imis saSualebas, gavigoT, uSualod ramdeni
qarTveli tovebs qveyanas, Tumca maTi raodenoba mcire ar
unda iyos. araoficialuri monacemebis mixedviT, romelic
yvelaferTan erTad Seicavs aralegal migrantTa raodenobasac, qveynidan emigraciaSi wasulia daaxloebiT 2 mln
adamiani. ra aris migraciis ZiriTadi mizezebi, mizezebi,
ris gamoc qarTvelebi “gaedinebian”. es SeiZleba iyos umuSevroba, cxovrebis donis gaumjobesebis survili, aradamakmayofilebeli samuSaoebi da karieruli Sansebi. Tumca
mizezi yovelTvis dramatuli ar aris. adamianis bunebaa aseTi, is midrekilia, eZios ukeTesi. migracia adamianis uflebebis umniSvnelovanesi elementia, amitom demokratiul
saxelmwifos ar aqvs ufleba, Tavis moqalaqeebs aukrZalos
emigraciaSi wasvla. aq Cndeba Semdegi kiTxva: ra safrTxeebi
SeiZleba gamoiwvios masobrivma emigraciam?
sanam migraciis mier gamowveul safrTxeebze gadavidode,
romelic SeiZleba evrokavSirs Seeqmnas, jer im aspeqtebze
gavamaxvileb aqcents, Tu risi momaswavebelia qarTvelebisTvis evrokavSirSi Sesvla. alternatiul variantebad SeiZleba moviazroT teritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgenisa da
samarTliani arCevnebis SesaZlebloba, usafrTxoebis gancda, ganaTlebis xarisxis amaRleba, pensiebis odenobis zrda.
es aris is molodini, rac saqarTvelos mosaxleobis 59 %-s
gaaCnia. mosaxleobis umetesoba mxars uWers saqarTvelos evrokavSirSi gawevrianebas. im dabrkolebebTan erTad (gadauWreli konfliqtebi, politikuri arastabiluroba, ruseTi, ganuviTarebeli ekonomika, ganuviTarebeli samoqalaqo
sazogadoeba, demokratiis nakleboba) ra Zala aqvs aralegalur migracias? xazs vusvam termins ,,aralegaluri”,
romelSic moiazreba pirTa wre, romlebic ar iTvaliswineben migraciis warmomSobi, tranzituli da mimRebi qveynebis Sesabamis kanonebsa da wesebs. aRsaniSnavia savizo brokerebis, turistuli firmebisa da dasaqmebis saagentoebis
upatiosno saqmianobebi, romlebic TavianT klientebs arwmuneben, rom uzrunvelyofen sazRvargareT maT gasvlas, magram dapirebas ar asruleben. yvelaze popularuli mimRebi
qveynebi dRes qarTvelebisTvis aris saberZneTi da italia,
0
360 /#8
aris Tu ar
dabrkoleba saq
evrokavSirisken
magram am qveynebSi legalurad moxvedra sirTuleebTanaa
dakavSirebuli. evrokavSiris wevr qveynebSi SesvlisTvis
Sengenis vizis miRebaa saWiro, rac aseve sirTules warmoadgens. swored aman wamowia aralegaluri marSutebis sakiTxi.
yvelaze popularuli marSuti aris TurqeTis meSveobiT saberZneTSi moxvedra. es gamartivebuli proceduraa, radgan saqarTvelo-TurqeTs Soris uvizo mimosvla arsebobs,
TurqeTidan ki xdeba aralegalTa saberZneTSi Sesvla. sa-
orientiri
13
grantebi mimReb qveynebSi iaf muSaxelad iTvlebian da amiT
biujetic garkveulwilad ivseba, magram gamarTlebulia ki
qveynis resursis daxarjva ,,sxvisi qveynis Svilze”? SromiTi resursebis saerTaSoriso migracia iwvevs warmoebuli
produqciis moculobis zrdas, magram migraciisgan miRebuli
sargebeli araTanabrad gadanawildeba. yuradRebis miRma ar
unda darCes finansuri tvirTi, romelic awveba ganviTarebul
qveynebs. es xdeba maSin, rodesac SromiTi resursebis eqsportior qveynebTan geografiulad axlos arian ganviTarebuli
qveynebi. es zrdis aralegaluri migraciis masStabebs. saxelmwifo ar unda gaxdes gzavnilebze uSualod damokidebuli.
SromiTi migraciiT zaraloben mimReb qveyanaSi konkurirebuli muSebi. SeiZleba warmoiSvas demografiuli datvirTvis
winapirobac.
zemoaRniSnuli apelirebs imaze, rom miRebul unda iqnes
mkacri zomebi aralegalTa SeCerebisa da ucxo saxelmwifoebis teritoriaze maTi ukontrolo parpaSis aRsakveTad.
evrokavSiri Tvalyurs adevnebs
saqarTvelos saSinao Tu sagareo
politikas, akvirdeba mis yovel qmedebas
da amis Semdeg gadawyvets, ekuTvnis Tu ara
saqarTvelos is sapatio wodeba, romelsac
evrokavSiris wevroba hqvia.
ra migracia
qarTvelosTvis
n mimaval gzaze?
frTxeebi SeiZleba iyos Semdegi: trefikingi, romelic erTerT yvelaze saSiS da mZime danaSauls warmoadgens, aralegaluri migraciis mwvave simptomia, ramac SeiZleba safrTxis
winaSe daayenos evrokavSiris qveynebi; kontrabanda-aralegalTa Sesvlis uzrunvelyofis metad racionaluri xerxi migrantebisTvis; safrTxes warmoadgens evrokavSiris
qveynebis mier aralegalebze gaweuli danaxarjebis ricxobrivi maCvenebeli. marTalia, sxva qveynebidan Casuli emi-
SromiTi migraciis SesaCereblad prevenciis Semdegnairi
gzebi arsebobs: qveynis Sromis bazris Seswavla; umuSevrobis Semcireba; soflis meurneobis aRorZineba; adgilobrivi mewarmeebis waxaliseba; ucxoeli investorebis mozidva.
qveynebi erTsulovnad unda Sejerdnen vizis miRebisa da
sazRvrebis gamkacrebis sakiTxze. erTiani politika unda
gatardes, romelic idealurTan miaxloebul qvotas gviCvenebs. 2013 wlis martSi saqarTvelom daamtkica migraciis
strategia. saqarTvelos gadmoeca viza-liberalizaciis
samoqmedo gegma. vizis liberalizaciamde (uvizo mimosvla)
jer kidev didi droa, Tumca saqarTvelo rubikonis gadalaxvis mudmiv mcdelobaSia. aseve, SromiTi xelSekruleba
unda gaformdes im qveynebTan, sadac midian qarTveli moqalaqeebi (mag: saberZneTTan aseTi Sromis xelSekruleba
ar arsebobs). erT-erTi komponentia readmisia, romelic
uzrunvelyofs moqalaqeebis dabrunebas. saqarTvelosTan
readmisiis xelSekruleba 2011 wels iqna gaformebuli.
prevenciis zomad SeiZleba CaiTvalos migrantebis saWiro
informaciiT uzrunvelyofa, samuSao pirobebis, Sesabamis
normatiuli bazis Seqmna. samarTlebrivi daxmareba unda
gaewios, rogorc danaSaulTa msxverplebs, aseve SromiT da
potenciur migrantebs.
evrokavSirisTvis Seqmnili safrTxeebi avtomaturad
gulisxmobs, rom saqarTvelo safrTxeSia. Tu CavTvliT, rom
saqarTveloa damabrkolebeli Zala evrokavSirisTvis, Sesabamisad saqarTveloa TviT dabrkoleba. Tuki qarTvelma erma
realurad gaiazra is dadebiTi efeqtebi, rasac mas evrokavSirSi gawevrianeba uqadis, maSin yvelam unda Seitanos Tavisi wvlili migraciis problemis daZlevaSi. saqarTveloSi
yvela ojaxs eguleba vinme iseTi, romelic ucxo mTebisa Tu
zRvebis miRma sarCo-sabadebels eZebs. swored amitom, emigracia TiToeuli Cvenganis satkivaria- gamosasyidi.
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#7/360
14
axalgazrduli politika
0
360 /#8
biznesi
me
anu
lideri var
bevri mimdevrebi myavs
Tabuka cimintia
rubrika
16
biznesi
e gkiTxavT - ra surT adamianebs zogadad? albaT
mipasuxebT, rom TiToeuli adamiani imdenad individualuria, rom yvelas sxvadasxva mizani aqvs
cxovrebaSi. me ki gipasuxebT, rom adamianebi ganvsxvavdebiT erTmaneTisgan, magram gvaqvs msgavsi
moTxovnebi, miznebi, miswrafebebi, survilebi. es adamianis
bunebaa. ra sasiamovno iqneboda cxovreba Cveni gansxvavebuloba da originaluroba rom ar gvemtkicebina erTmaneTisTvis. ramdeni milioni adamiani cxovrobs dedamiwaze, da
xom warmogidgeniaT, uceb yvelam rom agresiulad daiwyos
Tavisi gansxvavebulobisa da gansakuTrebulobis mtkiceba...
magram Temas gadavuxvie... adamianTa miznebze vsaubrobdiT
da rogorc fsiqologebi, uamravi gamokiTxva, testi da rac
mTavaria, gamocdileba gviCvenebs, yoveli adamiani warmatebisa da TviTrealizaciisken iswrafvis, rac xSirad gulisxmobs liderobas - survils iyo sxvebze win, cxadia kargi
gagebiT. es gvsurs zogadad, magram yvela ver axerxebs amas.
ra aris saWiro imisaTvis, rom gaxde lideri?
lideri aris adamiani, romelic sxvebs saerTo miznisken
miuZRvis. samwuxarod, hitleric lideri iyo, stalinic, napoleonic. liderobis procesi oTxi faqtorisgan Sedgeba:
lideri, anu xelmZRvaneli, mimdevari, komunikacia, situacia.
lideri, xelmZRvaneli, process warmarTavs Tavisi codnisa
da unarebis gamoyenebiT. dRes ukve miiCneulia, rom xelmZRvanelobis, liderobis swavla SeiZleba saTanado treningisa da swavlebis Sedegad. Tumca, rogorc ukve avRniSneT,
Cven gvaqvs xasiaTi da Tvisebebi, romlebic gavlenas axdenen
Cvens qcevasa da moqmedebaze. Sesabamisad, yvela ver gaxdeba xelmZRvaneli ise, rogorc musika Tu giyvars, ar niSnavs,
rom kargi musikosi gamova Sengan...
m
liderebi Semdegi TvisebebiT gamoirCevian:
- aqtiuroba. Cveulebriv, is adamianebi, romlebic skolaSi an universitetSi gamoirCeodnen aqtiurobiT, samuSaozec liderebi xdebian.
- mixvedriloba da xedvis unari. liderebi advilad uReben alRos viTarebas da samoqmedo gegmas saxaven.
- azartuloba. Tu adamiani ver grZnobs gamowvevas da ar
siamovnebs sirTuleeTan brZola, ver gaxdeba lideri.
- konstruqciuli ukmayofileba, rac ar unda agverios
kritikaSi. konstruqciuli ukmayofilebis dros, adamiani saxavs problemis ukeT gadaWris gzas. kritika ki mxolod ukmayofilebas gulisxmobs.
- praqtikuloba. xelmZRvaneli darwmunebuli unda iyos,
rom misi nabiji efeqturi iqneba.
- pasuxismgeblobisaTvis mzad yofna.
- nebisyofa. liders unda hqondes nebisyofa, rom bolomde
iyos xelmZRvaneli da daasrulos dawyebuli saqme.
- fsiqologiuri simtkice. lideri mzad unda iyos stresisa da kritikisTvis. Seumcdari aravin aris da Sesabamisad, simtkicec marTebs xelmZRvanels.
- qarizmatuloba. arian adamianebi, romlebsac yvela
usmens. erTs ityvis da faseuls, sxvebi ki bevrs laparakoben, magram ar usmenen. lideri unda imorCilebdes da
sruliad flobdes msmenels.
Tu liderma ar gaacno gunds xedva, yoveli TanamSromeli
imoqmedebs sakuTari principebis mixedviT, romelic SeiZleba daemTxves an ar daemTxves lideris xedvas.
0
360 /#8
ifiqreT momavalze pirveli Tviseba, romelic Tqven
unda gamoimuSaoT rogorc Zlierma liderma aris orientacia momavalze, es aris warmatebuli menejeris kidev erTi
gamokveTili Tviseba, is damaxasiaTebelia gansakuTrebiT
imaTTvis, vinc miaRwies karierul warmatebas da imaTTvis
vinc gansakuTrebul pasuxismgeblobas grZnoben maTze dakisrebul amocanebze.
ramdenime wlis win Catarda kvleva, romlis mizani iyo
gamoerkviaT Tu ra saerTo Tvisebebi hqonda msoflio istoriis 3300 liders. saboloo jamSi aRmoCenil iqna mxolod
erTi saerTo Tviseba – es aris momavlis xedvis unari. liderebs SeuZliaT momavlis danaxva sxvebs ara. liderebi xedaven naTel momavals Tavisi biznesisaTvis, ojaxisaTvis sakuTari TavisaTvis, qveynisaTvis. isini xedaven brwyinvale
momavals da mere iwyeben muSaobas am momavlis Sesaqmnelad.
isini sakmaod did dros uTmoben momavalze fiqrs, Tu rogor
SeiZleba miaRwion dasaxul miznebs da naklebad fiqroben
warsulze. sazogadoebis mxolod 10% uyurebs momavals, danarCenebi ki, rogorc wesi tkbebian wuTieri, yoveldRiuri
siamovnebiT an iyurebian ZiriTadad warsulSi.
rogor unda moviqce, rodesac gavxdebi lideri?
me rogorc liderma, SemiZlia vizruno sakuTar janmrTelobaze fizikurze, aseve fsiqlogiurze. me vici, rom yovelTvis momiwevs stresul situaciaSi yofna, aqedan gamomdinare CemTvis mTavaria dabalansebuli cxovrebis wesi;
stresis mimarT amtanoba Zalian mniSvnelovani faqtia, radganac stresma SeiZleba avnos lidersac da mis mier damokidebul adamianebsac.
kidev erTi garemoeba, rac unda gaviTvaliswino aris is, rom
sazogadoebasTan urTierToba mniSvnelovani faqtia, aucilebelia aqtiuri CarTuloba sazogadoebis ganviTarebaSi.
iumoris grZnoba - gacilebiT didi warmatebis garantia
adamianebTan urTierTobisas; es Tvisebac lideris cxovrebis metafora unda gaxdes...
sakmarisia, potenciali da ganviTarebisaTvis xelsayreli
garemo gqondes da Sengan kargi xelmZRvaneli da lideri
dadgeba. is, rom lideroba gsurs, ukve bevrs niSnavs, mTavaria, ramdenad mondomebuli xar.
da bolos, is, rac liders miznebis misaRwevad daexmareba
naTlad unda hqondes Camoyalibebuli, gaazrebuli da miaCndes
rom SeuZlebeli marTlacda SesaZlebel ars kacTagan.
~
`
xar aqtiuri, mixvedrili, qarizmatuli,
praqtikuli, azartuli, fsiqologiurad
mtkice, maSin Sen lideri xar
„bermuxa BMG“
jgufma axali
bar-restorni
„kalasi“ gaxsna
biznesi
17
Teona araxamia
„bermuxa BMG“ jgufma axali bar-restornis „kalasis“ prezentacia gamarTa. prezentacias uZRveboda nika qavTaraZe
, musikalurad, ki, „vip time” bendi aformebda.
kalasSi misul stumrebs myudro garemo, gemrieli
saWmeli da gemovnebiani musika daxvdaT. „vip time” bendis
akompanimentiT, qeTi kvicariZem, levan kvinikaZem, giorgi
wiklaurma da Tornike kvaracxeliam Seasrules simRerebi.
bolos ki, restoran „kalass“ gaxsna giorgi rostomaSvilma, tamtamze Sesrulebuli kompoziciiT miuloca .
„bermuxa BMG“ jgufis sxva restornebisagan - „ bermuxa“
da klubi „VIP Time“ -sgan gansxvavebiT, axali bar-restorani
„kalasi“ mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi imuSavebs. stumrebs SeeZlebaT restorans ewvion rogorc lanCze, aseve sadilsa da
vaxSamze da miirTvan is kerZebi, romlebic , specialurad,
restoran „kalasisTvisaa“ Seqmnili da saxvagan ver daagemovneben.
yovel saRamos, restoranSi misuli stumrebis ganwyobaze izrunebs „vip time” bendi da musikosTa jgufi , romlebic sxvadasxva JanrSi imRereben da mudam ganaxlebul
programas SesTavazebs:
„ restoran „kalass“, da saerTod, „bermuxa
BMG“ jgufs, yvela piroba aqvs Seqmnili
imisTvis, rom aq mosuli stumari ukan
ar gabrundes. es kopleqsi, nebismieri
gmovnebis adamians umaspinZlebs da
saTanadodac daxvdeba. Cven maT
vTavazobT sxvadasxva saxeobi ugemrieles
saWmels,romelTaganac, zogierTi,
specialuar am restornistvisaa
Seqmnili. fasebic normaluria. es araa
ZviradRirebuli restorani - aq mosvla
SeuZlia nebismieri fenis adamians,
romelsac , ubralod, uyvars restornebSi
siaruli da garToba“
- Tqva , CvenTan saubarSi, nika qavTaraZem .
nikam restornis saxelwodebis warmomavlobisSesaxebac
gagvando da gviTxra, rom „kalasze “ arCevani SeaCeres imis
gamo, rom es aris muxis Zalian Zveli saxelwodeba da amiT
igi ukavSirdeba bermuxas.man isic aRniSna, rom , restorani,
mzadaa maRal doneze umaspinZlos nebismieri tipis kulturul Tu sazeimo RonisZiebebs , Tu amis dakveTa iqneba.
gemovnebiani musikisa da ubralod, restornebis moyvarulebs, isRa darCeniaT , ewvion restoran „kalass“ , aRmaSeneblis xeivnis mecamete kilometrze da sasiamovnod
gaataron dro.
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#8/360
18
biznesi
Teona araxamia
axali Sourumis
prezentacia „london hausSi“
ompania „london hausma“ axali Sourumis prezentacia moawyo, sadac warmodgenili iyo samSeneb„axali Sourumis gaxsna ,Cven, mogvcems
lo- mosapirkeTebeli masalebi, santeqnika da aveji.
SesaZleblobas, raTa gavzardoT
Sourumi sazeiomod gaxsna didi britaneTis elCma
Tanamedrove Tu klasikuri saojaxo,
saqarTveloSi, batonma david moranim, romelsac
saofise Tu sastumro avejos asortimenti
didi imedi aqvs, rom qarTveli momxarebeli alRos auRebs
da mudmivad ganaxlebuli modelebi
londonur tendenciebs da am or qveyanas Soris savaWro
SevTavazoT gemovnebian da xarisxze
urTierTobebi kidev ufro gaRrmavdeba.
orientirebul momxmarebels.
prezentacias , aseve, eswrebodnen qarTuli samSenebloCveni kompania agrZelebs muSaobas Cvens
developeruli kompaniebis xelmZRvanelebi da „london hausis“ partniori kompaniebis warmomadgenlebi ucxoeTidan.
qveyanaSi ucxouri investiciebis mozidvis
saRamos musikalurad aformebdia daviT iluriZis bendi.
mimarTulebiTac, risi magaliTic gaxlavT
merve welia, rac kompania „london hausi“ saqarTveloSi
dRevandeli prezentacia, romelsac
moRvaweobs da mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi, maTi produqcia
ramdenime evropuli da aziuri qveynebidan
momxmarebelTa mowonebasa da ndomas imsaxurebs. axali SouCamosuli biznes-partniorebi da stumrebi
rumis gaxsniT, ki, kompania kidev erTxel acxadebs, rom maT
eswrebian.
sjeraT samSeneblo seqtoris fexze dadgomis da mzad arCven , ukve, wlebia, rac saqvelmoqmedo
ian iTanamSromlon samSenebl-developerul kompaniebTan,
aqciebs vmarTavT. Cven gvjera, rom biznesi
kerZo Tu saxelmwifo seqtorTan axali proeqtebis ganxorcielebis mimarTulebiT. kompania “london hausi“ yovelTgaxlavT keTilSobili xalxis saqmianoba,
vis aqtiurad exmareboda da gverdSi edga qarTul saxelmwirameTu is emsaxureba saxelmwifos
fos da araerTi saqvelmoqmedo aqcia gamarTa bolo wlebis
da sazogadoebas. Cveni mizanic aris
ganmavlobaSi: maT, pirvelebma Caitanes damxareba 2008 wels
keTilSobili, rameTu Cven TqvenTan erTad,
mtrisgan dangreul gorsa da gaZarcvul zugdidSi. es komCveni qveynis ukeTes momavals vaSenebT!“
pania, ukve wlebia rac exmareba diRmis smenadaqveiTebul yru
bavSvTa saxls, romelTac inglisidan Camotanil sasmen apara- Tqva kaxa JorJolianma.
turas awvdidnen. „london hausi“ exmareboda devnilebsac.
kompania „london hausis“ produqciiT dainteresebul
kompania „london hausis“ direqtoris, kaxa JorJolianis
klientebi, maT daTvalierebasa da SeZenas baliaSvilis 8
TqmiT, is moxarulia, rom dRes miecaT saSualeba, ufro farnomerSi SeZleben.
To arCevani SesTavazon maT klientebsa da momxmarebels:
k
0
360 /#8
sazogadoeba
sazogadoebisTvis
autizmi – sxva samyaro, romelsac Tanadgoma sWirdeba
Tamar kiknaveliZe
lbaT gsmeniaT adamianebze, romlebic Zalian Caketilni arian da ucnauri qceva axasiaTebT, magram gansakuTrebuli niWic aqvT. maTi niWiereba zogs miTi hgonia, zogsac namdvilad
sjera. araerT cnobil mecniersa da xelovans, maT Soris:
albert ainStains, hans qristian andersens, blez paskals,
fsiqoemociuri aSliloba hqonda. miiCnevdnen, rom maT autizmis
niSnebi gaaCndaT.
autizmi meore msoflio omis dros aRmoaCines. es termini 1943
wels amerikelma bavSvTa fsiqiatrma - leo kanerma gamoiyena naSromSi “afeqturi kontaqtis autisturi darRvevebi”.
aseTi adamianebi bavSvobidan gamoirCevian gansakuTrebuli
mgrZnobelobiT, rac diskomforts uqmniT da amitomac gaurbian
sazogadoebas. adamianebTan urTierToba maTTvis “miuRebelia”,
radgan arsebobs garegani gamaRizianeblebi, rogoricaa xmamaRali
bgerebi, mkveTri ganaTeba, suni da a.S.
bari levinsonis cnobili film “wvimis kacSi” kargad aris naCvenebi autizmis niSnebi, romlebic mTavar personaJs axasiaTebs. mas
ar SeuZlia damoukideblad Cacma, sinaTlis anTeba- Caqroba, aqvs
yoveldRiuri ganrigi, romelsac arasdros ar unda gadauxvios, magram uniWieresia maTematikaSi da SeuZlia erTi SexedviT daiTvalos, ramdeni Reri asanTia kolofSi.
gansazRvrebas Tu moviSveliebT, autizmi aris ganviTarebis
darRveva, romelic negatiurad aisaxeba komunikaciur da socialur
unarebze. autistebs xSirad ar gaaCniaT an aqvT mwiri metyveleba.
aseve axasiaTebT stereotipuli (ganmeorebadi) qceva.
aRniSnuli daavadeba bevr qveyanaSi fsiqikur aSlilobas mie-
a
kuTvneba. ase iyo saqarTveloSic, magram dRes ukve cdiloben is
nevrologiis sferos miakuTvnon. rac, albaT, imitom xdeba, rom
fsiqiatria Zalian stigmatizirebulia – qarTvelebs, rogorc ki
gavigebT, rom adaminma fsiqiatrs mimarTa, giJi gvgonia! erTi faqtia, autizmis SemTxvevaSi bavSvis gansxvavebul fsiqikasTan gvaqvs
saqme da nevrologiuri kuTxiT mkurnalobam SesaZloa kargi Sedegebi ar gamoiRos.
autizmis zusti mizezebi dadgenili ar aris. Tumca, xSirad, is
biologiurad an Tavis tvinis anatomiuri TaviseburebebiT aris
ganpirobebuli, aseve, SesaZlebelia, sxva garemo mizezebiTac iyos
gamowveuli. yoveli 1000 bavSvidan 1 autizmiT ibadeba.
~
`
maT TavianTi samyaro aqvT, sadac
cxovroben da Tavs kargad grZnoben.
isini iseTive gansakuTrebulebi arian,
rogorc Cven
rubrika
20
sazogadoeba sazogadoebisTvis
autizmi
sxva samyaro, romelsac Tanadgoma sWirdeba
simptomebi :
- bavSvi gamoscems uCveulo xmebs;
- aqvs kvebis Taviseburi maxasiaTebeli;
- ar aqvs metyveleba (an SezRudulia);
- ar TamaSobs saTamaSoebiT funqciis Sesabamisad;
- avlens socialurad miuRebel qcevebs;
- xSirad axlavs gonebrivi CamorCeniloba;
- mwvaved reagirebs reJimis Secvlaze an
usiamovno stimulze.
rogro vumkurnaloT?
autizmiT daavadebuli ar ikurneba, is ubralod swavlobs gaxdes sazogadoebis wevri, iZens iseT unarebs, romlebic saWiroa misi ukeT funqcionirebisTvis. autizmiT
daavadebulebi gadian Terapias, romelic gulisxmobs
fsiqologiur Carevas, damamSvidebeli saSualebebis miRebas, dietas, audio-vokalur treningebs da specialur samkurnalo fizkulturas.
rogorc wesi, autizmi pirveli sami wlis manZilze vlindeba. adreuli Sefaseba da adreuli ganviTarebis programebSi CarTva mniSvnelovania bavSvis ganviTarebisTvis.
16-30 Tvis asakis bavSvebSi autizmis modificirebuli
sakontrolo testi
14. Tqveni Svili dadis? pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
15. Sexedavs is imas, rasac Tqven uyurebT? pasuxi: (ki +)
(ara _ )
16. akeTebs xolme TiTebiT ucnaur moZraobebs saxesTan
axlos? pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
17. gagCeniaT eWvi odesme rom mas smena aqvs daqveiTebuli? pasuxi: (ki _) (ara+)
18. Tqveni bavSvisTvis sxvebis laparaki gasagebia? pasuxi:
(ki +) (ara _ )
im SemTxvevaSi, Tu daagroveT 3-ze meti “_” pasuxi, umjobesia mimarToT specialists bavSvis Sesafaseblad da autisturi speqtris darRvevis gamosaricxad. Tumca testis
Sedegebi arafers ar niSnavs da ar amtkicebs imas, rom bavSvs
autizmi aqvs.
saqarTvelos autizmis sazogadoeba mSoblebs urCevs, ar
uaryon Svilis autizmi. realoba aris is, rom es daavadeba bavSvs aqvs, aris Tavisi da misi ojaxis nawili. amitom
maTi Svili gamorCeuli da unikaluria, unda miiRon iseTi,
rogoric aris. Tumca ar unda Sewyviton mkurnaloba.
yoveli wlis 2 aprili autizmis cnobadobis gazrdis
msoflio dRea, romelic saqarTvelos autizmis sazogadoebam wels 5 qalaqSi aRniSna. misi mizani iyo gaezarda qarTuli
sazogadoebis informirebuloba, xeli Seewyo saxelisufleThe Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT)
bo organoebisTvis saqarTvelos mier aRebuli saerTaSor1. siamovnebs Tqvens bavSvs roca muxlze arwevT an abuq- iso valdebulebis SesrulebaSi, autizmis mqone adamianenavebT? pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
bis fundamenturi uflebebis realizebaSi. Cveni Jurnalic
2. sxva bavSvebisadmi interess iCens? pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ ) SeurTda am dRes da aprilis nomerSi SemogTavazaT infor3. uyvars Tu ara maRla abobReba, magaliTad kibeze aZ- macia autizmis Sesaxeb, raTa gavigoT meti am daavadebis Sesroma? pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
axeb da ar gavriyoT isini sazogadoebisgan. maT aqvT Tavian4. erToba Tqveni bavSvi daxuWobana-damalobanas Tam- Ti samyaro, sadac cxovroben da Tavs kargad grZnoben. isini
aSiT? pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
iseTive gansakuTrebulebi arian, rogorc Cven !
5. SegimCneviaT Tu ara, rom rames ganasaxierebdes: viTom
telefoniT saubrobs , Tojinas uvlides? pasuxi: (ki +)
(ara _ )
6. gaiSvers xolme Tqveni bavSvi saCvenebl TiTs imisken
rac unda? pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
7. daniSnulebisamebr TamaSobs Tqveni Svili patara saTamaSoebiT? (pirSi Cadeba da Zirs dagdeba ar iTvleba) pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
8. moaqvs Tu ara TqvenTvis nivTebi saCveneblad? pasuxi:
(ki +) (ara _ )
9. giyurebT Tu ara bavSvi 1-2 wamze didxans? pasuxi: (ki +)
(ara _ )
10. SeginiSnavT rom bavSvi gansakuTrebiT mgrZnobiarea
xmauris mimarT( yurebze xels ifarebs) ? pasuxi: (ki _)
(ara+)
11. giRimiT bavSvi saxeze Semoxedvis an Tqveni Rimilis
sapasuxod? pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
12. Tqveni bavSvi gbaZavT? ( Tu daemanWebiT da is imeorebs) pasuxi: (ki +) (ara _ )
13. reagirebs roca saxeliT mimarTavT? pasuxi: (ki +)
(ara _ )
0
360 /#8
movlena
britaneTis sabWos xelovnebis proeqtebi saqarTveloSi xelovnebis xuT ZiriTad seqtors moicavs. esenia: Teatri, kino, musika, literatura da vizualuri xelovneba;
romlis mizanicaa, farTo auditoriisaTvis saukeTeso Tanamedrove britanuli xelovnebis gacnoba. yvela proeqti qarTvel partniorebTan erTad xorcieldeba.
oial qorTis Teatri 1956 wels daarsda. pirvelive sezonze Teatris scenaze daidga jon osbornis piesa „moixede mrisxanebis Jams“,
romelmac sruliad gardaqmna britanuli Teatri da safuZveli Cauyara dramaturgTa axali Taobis Seqmnas, romelTac „gabrazebul axalgazrdebs“ uwodeben.
1990-iani wlebidan roial qorTi maqsimalurad uwyobs xels axali dramaturgiis ganviTarebas. mark ravenhili, sara qeini, martin makdona, romelTa xelovnebam gavlena iqonia Tanamedrove evropul Teatrze, Teatralurma samyarom
swored roial qorTis meSveobiT gaicno.
r
sofo cirgaia
britaneTis sabWos xelovnebis
programebi da roial qorTis Teatri
rubrika
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britaneTis sabWos xelovnebis
programebi da roial qorTis Teatri
roial qorT Teatris reJisorebi TanamSromloben Tanamedrove britanel dramaturgebTan, maT Soris arian robert bolti da harold pinteri, qeril CerCili da devid
heari. unda aRiniSnos, rom pirveli eqsperimentebi verbatimis Teatris sferoSi swored roial qorTSi ganxorcielda
1980-iani wlebis bolos.
roial qorTi Tavdapirvelad Seiqmna
rogorc repertuaruli Teatri
Tanamedrove da klasikuri dramaturgiis
specializaciiT. magram bolo aTi
wlis ganmavlobaSi, ZiriTadad muSaobs
inovaciur,Tanamedrove dramaturgebTan.
erTi sezonsi ganmavlobaSi, roial qorTi axali da Tanamedrove namuSevrebis 10-15 premieras marTavs. piesebs roial
qorTisTvis regularulad samocamde dramaturgi wers, maSin, roca Teatris literaturuli nawili yovelwliurad
msoflios sxvadasxva kuTxeebidan gamogzavnil 300-ze met
piesas ganixilavs.
ukanaskneli oci wlis ganmavlobaSi,
roial qorT Teatri saerTaSoriso
rezidenturis proeqtebs axorcielebs
da sawyisi etapidanve erTveba SerCeuli
dramaturgebis mier piesebis procesSi.
2013 wlis martSi, londonis roial qorTis TeatrSi,
gaimarTa qarTveli da ukraineli dramaturgebis piesebis
Teatralizebuli kiTxva.
roial qorTSi waikiTxes am proeqtis farglebSi Seqmnili oTxo piesa, romelTa Soris, sam axalgazrda ukrainel
dramaturgTan erTad (oksana savCenko, mariam aRamiani, evhen
markovski), waikiTxes laSa buRaZis poesa „prezidenti stumrad movida“. es gaxlavT pirveli SemTxveva, roca britaneTSi axali qarTuli dramaturgiis piesis sasceno kiTxva ganxorcielda.
londonis „roial qorTis“ Teatris asocirebuli direqtori da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis ganyofilebis
ufrosi - elis dojsoni da amave Teatris dramaturgebi, reJisorebi da msaxiobebi, exmarebodnen konkursis wesiT SerCeul 14 qarTvel da ukrainel dramaturgs, proeqtis farglebSi dawerili piesebis daxvewaSi da dasrulebaSi.
britaneTis sabWo, am proeqtis ganxorcielebiT, xels
uwyobs axali dramaturgiis ganviTarebas saqarTveloSi da
ukrainaSi da britanuli SemoqmedebiTi da inovaciuri ideebis gacnobas, rac Tavis mxriv uzrunvelyofs samive qveynis
SemoqmedTa TanamSromlobis Semdgom gaRrmavebas.
2013 wlis 2 aprils, britaneTis sabWom, sastumro „Citadines”_Si „pres-ivenTi” moawyo, sadac axali dramaturgiis
ganviTarebis proeqtis erTgvari Sejameba ganxorcielda.
aq, laSa buRaZem da proeqtis sxva monawileebma Seafases
RonisZieba. aseve, laSa buRaZem waikiTxa nawyveti - sakuTari
piesidan.
mowveul stumrebs Soris,imyofeboda kote marjaniSvilis saxelobis saxelmwifo dramatuli Teatris mmarTveli,
xelovnebaTmcodne - eka mazmiSvili:
„me, rac SemeZleba, marjaniSvilis Teatris
Tu Teatraluri festivalis saxeliTa
da resursiT yvelafers gavakeTeb, rom
aseTi saerTaSoriso proeqtebi, metad
gaZlierdes,metad Rrma iyos, ufro
Sinaarsiani, ufro meti adamiani moicvas,
Zalian bevri axali saxeli iyos, rac
SeiZleba meti axali da saintereso ideebi
movifiqroT da aucileblad davmuxtoT
evropa amiT. Cven Zalian bevrs vmoZraobT
da SegviZlia bevri iseTi ramis gakeTeba
,romlis Sesaxebac, maT warmodgena jer
kidev ar aqvT. TanamSromloba, imedi maqvs,
rom gagrZeldeba. es Zalian mniSvnelovania,
radgan swored igi gansazRvravs Cvens
momavals.“
zemoT aRniSnuli oTxi dramaturgis
britaneTis sabWom direqtorma - zaza furcelaZem da
piesebis sasceno kiTxva, warmoadgens
xelovnebis proeqtebis menejerma - maia darCiam, miuloces
kulminaciur etaps, orwliani programisa,
laSa buRaZes, miRweuli warmateba da xelovnebis proeqteromelic specialurad axalgazrda,
bis prioretul mimarTulebebze isaubres.
qarTveli da ukraineli dramaturgebisTvis
ganaxorcieles - britaneTis sabWom da
„roial qorT“ Teatrma 2010-2012 wlebSi.
britaneTis sabWo, am proeqtis
laSa buRaZis piesa, saimon gudvinis reJisorobiT,
13 marts waikiTxes. xolo 16 marts, oTxove dramaturgma monawileoba miiRo Ria diskusiaSi im gamowvevebisa da
problemebis Sesaxeb, romlebsac saqarTvelosa Tu ukrainaSi awydeba Tanamedrove dramaturgia. aRniSnuli diskusia
warmarTa qris qembelma, „roial qorTis“ literaturuli
mimarTulebis menejerma.
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~
ganxorcielebiT, xels uwyobs axali
dramaturgiis ganviTarebas saqarTveloSi
da ukrainaSi da britanuli SemoqmedebiTi
da inovaciuri ideebis gacnobas, rac
Tavis mxriv uzrunvelyofs samive qveynis
SemoqmedTa TanamSromlobis Semdgom
gaRrmavebas
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kaTolikuri samyaros
axalma papma msoflio
gaaoca
Teona araxamia
soflios yuradRebis centrSi 85 wlis
romis papi - benediqt meTeqvsmete moeqca
masSemdeg, rac man yvelasaTvis moulodneli gancxadeba gaakeTa gadadgomis
Sesaxeb . rogorc kaTolikuri samyaros
liderma Tqva, gauaresebuli janmrTelobis
mdgomareoba mas xels uSlis sruliad Seasrulos sakuTari ufleba-movaleobani: “am mizezis
gamo,saR gonebaze myofi,vacxadeb, rom vixsni vatikanSi RvTis mociqulisa da wminda petres memkvidris statuss”-naTqvamia papis oficialur
gancxadebaSi,romelic vatikanma gaavrcela.
romis papis gadawyvetilebam yvela gaakvirva.istoriaSi sul ramodenime SemTxvevaa
dafiqsirebuli,rodesac romis papi Tavisi surviliT gadadga. aseTi faqti bolos,1145 wels
moxda, rodesac gregori meTormetem iTxova gadadgoma. mas Semdeg didi dro gavida da axla,
rodesac benediqt meTeqvsmetem gaakeTa gancxadeba gadadgomis Sesaxeb, xalxma papis dasaxelebuli
mizezi - janmrTelobis gauareseba – ar miiCnia
realurad,radgan maTi TqmiT, winamorbedi papis
janmrTelobis mdgomareoba gacilebiT uaresi
iyo, magram mas taxti ar dautovebia. amitomac,
romis papis - benediqt meTeqvsmetes gadagomis
namdvili mizezebis sxvadasxva versiebi gaCnda.
italiuri mediis cnobiT, romis kaTolikuri
eklesiis meTauri,sinamdvileSi, sakuTari nebiT ar
gadamdgara. maTi TqmiT, papis daCqarebuli gadagoma 200 gverdian moxsenebas mohyva,sadac sasuliero
pirebis homoseqsualizmSi mxileba iyo aRwerili.
dokumenti, romelic italiur presas Cauvarda
xelT, Seicavs kompromantebs vatikanis 300 kardinalze. amas garda, maT Soris arian iseTebic, romlebic korufciasa da kaTolikuri eklesiis qonebis ukanono mitacebaSi arian mxilebulni.
am informaciaze, Tavad romis kaTolikuri
m
eklesiis prescentris ufrosi komentars ar
akeTebs, magram Seqmnilia specialuri komisia, romelsac presaSi gavrcelebuli faqtebis
gamoZieba da gadamowmeba evaleba.
romis papis gadadgomas ,aseve , mohyva xmebi
meored mosvlisa da apokalifsuri winaswarmetyvelebis Sesaxeb. gavrcelda foto da video
masala, Tu rogor ecema mexi wminda petres bazilikis gumbaTs. gaixsenes ruseTSi Camovardnili
meteoric,romelic meored mosvlis pirvel niSnebad miiCnies da yvelaferi daukavSires cnobil
melaqia aramelis winaswarmetyvelebas,romlis
mixedviTac, ukanaskneli papi iqneboda romaeli
petre da mis papobis dros movidoda msajuli –
ieso qriste da ganikiTxavda xalxs.
yvela mouTmenlad, interesiTa da zogic
SiSiT eloda axali papis arCevas. konklavic
Seikriba. papis arCevnebSi msoflios 58 qveynidan
115 kardinali monawileobda. maTgan, yvelaze
meti warmomadgeneli – 28 kardinali , italias
hyavda, 11ki aSS-s. axali papis arCevas kardinalebma mxolod ori dRe moandomes.
pirvel dRes,siqstis kapelaSi damontaJebuli buxridan Savi kvamli amovida, rac imas niSnavda, rom yriloba uSedegod dasrulda, vercerTma kandidatma ver daagrova saTanado xma.
meore dRes ki, buxridan TeTri kvamli amovida,
rac niSani gaxda imisa, rom papis erT-erTma kandidatma 77 xma miiRo. axali papi gaxda buenos
airesis arqiepiskoposi xorxe mario bergilio,
romelsac , misive gadawyvetilebiT, franciske
ewoda. man es saxeli qristianebisTvis erT-erTi
yvelaze sayvareli wmindanis – franciske asizelis pativsacemad airCia.
xorxe mario bergilio romis 226-e papi
gaxda. is 1936 wlis 17 dekembers, buenos-airesSi, italieli emigrantis ojaxSi daibada.
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360 /#8
ratom gadad
meTeqvsmet
romis ax
umcrosia xuTi Svilidan. ganaTleba jer qimiur teqnologiebSi, Semdeg humanitarul
mecnierebebSi,filosofiasa da TeologiaSi miiRo. 1986 wels, germaniaSi, sadoqtoro xarisxi
daicva. 1992 wels, ioane-pavle meorem bergilio buenos-airesis damxmare episkoposad daadgina. igi 2011 wlamde iyo argentinis saepiskoposo sabWos Tavmjdomare.
bergilio,
axalgazrdobaSi,
fexburTs
TamaSobda, Tumca Semdeg umZimesi anTeba da
ramdneime kista aRmouCines, ris gamoc, filtvis naxevari amoWres. xorxe marios Seyvarebulic hyavda, amalia da erTad cxovrebis gegmebsac awyobdnen, Tumca, Semdeg man uari uTxra da
swored aman gadawyvita kaTolikuri eklesiisa da bergilios bedi. 1969 wels is mRvdlad
ekurTxa da san-migelis kolejis Teologiis
fakultetis profesorad dainiSna. gawevrianebuli iyo iezuistebis ordenSi dasxvadasxva Tanamdebobac ekava.
bergilio pirovnuli TvisebebiTac gamoirCeva .Tavmdabalia. amboben, rom manqana arasodes hyolia, mudam sazogadoebrivi transportiT mgzavrobda. fufunebaSi cxovrebac
ar surda da principulad Tqva uari mdidrul
sacxovrebelze , romelic, rogorc mRvdelmTavars, ekuTvnoda. saWmelebsac Tavisi xeliT imzadebda. dResaswaulebSi, dadioda Rarib ubnebSi da xalxs xvdeboda.
cnobilia, rom bergilio abortebisa da
evTanaziis winaaRmdegac gamodioda. is iziarebda romis kaTolikuri eklesiis Sexedulebebs,
romelic homoseqsualizms ewinaaRmdegeba.
man mkacrad gaakritika 2010 wels erTseqsiani
qorwinebebis daSveba da moiTxova, rom aseTi
wyvilebs , bavSvis Svilad ayvana aekrZaloT.
paralelurad, is seqsualuri umciresobis mimarT pativiscemasac moiTxovda.
2001 wels, bergiliom yvelas Tavi daamaxsovra hospisSi stumrobiT,sadac SidsiT daavadebul adamianebs fexebi dabana da eambora.
aRsaniSnavia isic, rom ori dRis ganmavlobaSi , sanam romis papis arCeva mimdinareobda, romSi wvimda. wminda petres taZris win, aTasobiT adamiani iyo Sekrebili da axali romis
papis arCevas eloda. rodesac kardinali Janlui torani centralur loJaSi gamovida da
warmoTqva cnobili fraza: “gauwyebT udidesi sixaruliT, Cven gvyavs papi” - ca moiwminda.
amas morwmuneni kargis niSnad Tvlidnen, gansakuTrebiT, mas Semdeg, rodesac benediqt meTeqvsmetem gadagomis Sesaxeb ganacxada, vatikanis caze, ki marTlac mexi gavarda da pirdapir
dga benediqt
te da vinaa
xali papi
wminda petres gumbaTs daeca.
kaTolikeebi axali romis papis arCevas
zeimiT Sexvdnen. zogis sixaruli imiTac
iyo gamowveuli, rom winaswarmetyveleba
ar gamarTlda da romis papad italieli ar
airCies. franciske aris pirveli papi amerikis kontinentidan, Tanac, arc petre hqvia
saxelad, Sesabamisad, apokalifsis moaxloebis SiSmac gadaiara.
romis axali papi franciske, aivanze gamovida da wminda petres moedanze Sekrebilebs mimarTa sityvebiT : “ sanam me daglocavT, Tqven damloceT”. xalxmac, raTqmaunda
daloca romis axali papi da iloca misTvis. franciskem Sekrebilebs gaaxsena, rom
sikeTe cvlis samyaros da mouwoda maT, axsovdeT ufali, romelic mudam patiobs da
arasodes iRleba amis gakeTebiT.Semdeg,
romis papma locva RvTismSoblis bizantiur xatTan ganagZro.
franciske vatikanSi Sekrebil Jurnalistebsac Sexvda, romlebic aplodismentebiT Seegebnen mas. romis papma sTxova
Jurnalistebs, ukeT gaecnon kaTolikur
eklesias, “rogorc mis Rirsebas,aseve, maT
codvebs”. Tanac, urCia - TavianT profesiaSi meti koncentrireba simarTleze,
sikeTesa da silamazeze gaakeTon. amis Semdeg, papi Seecada, naklebad, formaluri
yofiliyo JurnalistebTan da uambo saxeli
”franciskes” darqmevis istoria, romelic,
Turme, franciske asizelis pativsacemaT
airCia, pativsacemaT im wmindanisa, romelic iyo adamiani siRaribisa, adamiani mSvidobisa, moyvaruli da mfarveli qmnilebisa. Semdeg, papma Tqva, rom mas surs eklesia
iyos Raribi da RaribebisTvis. Sexvedris
dasaruls, ki, franciskem Jurnalistebic
daloca.
romSi axalma papma, arCevisTanave, yvela gaaoca. man uari Tqva etarebina romis
papis bewviani mosacmeli da oqros lenti.
man , aseve, uari Tqva papisaTvis gankuTvnil
limuzinzec. xalxTan misalmebisa da dalocvis Semdeg, franciskem, yvela danarCen
kardinalTan erTad, avtobusiT imgzavra,
sastumros nomerSi dabrunda da yvela danarCeniviT, safasuric gadaixada.
msoflio, ukve, aalaparaka romis axali
papis Tavdablobam da Rirsebebma. franciskes msoflios yvelaze mravalricxovani
mrevlis winamZRoloba mouwevs da kaTolikur samyarosac misi imedi aqvs.
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poeziisa da assityviani prozis konkursi
Tamar lomTaZe
interviu proeqtis avtorTan da menejerTan zaza fircxalaiSvilTan
konkursi `leqsebis gamofena~ saSualebas aZlevs SemoqmedebiTi suliskveTebiT ganmsWvalul adamianebs TavianTi Tavi gamoavlinon literaturuli mimarTulebis sxvadasxva JanrSi, kerZod, poeziasa
da assityvian prozaSi, da am gziT moaxerxon SemoqmedebiT samyaroSi gabeduli da saintereso sityvis Tqma, ufro metic, SemoqmedebiTi TviTdamkvidreba. mTavaria TiToeulma Semoqmedma adamianma
irwmunos, rom SemoqmedebiTi wviT gaJRenTili sityvis Tqma SemoqmedebiT samyaroSi arasodes ar
aris gvian da yvela maTganTan aucileblad dadgeba warmatebuli SemoqmedebiTi cxovrebiT ayvavebuli gazafxuli... mxolod da mxolod gazafxuli, iebiTa da SemoqmedebiTi sixaruliT aRsavse.
- rodis daarsda konkursi `leqsebis gamofena~ da ramdeni welia tardeba aRniSnuli konkursi?
- „leqsebis gamofena“ tardeba 2003 wlidan - samjer mxolod aWaris masStabiT, xolo 2008 wlidan sruliad saqarTvelos masStabiT ganxorcielda aRniSnuli konkursis
organizeba. dResdReobiT masSi aqtiurad monawiloben emigrantebic. saerTo jamSi SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom wlevandeli
konkursi rigiT mecxrea da tradiciisamebr yvela konkursis
finaluri etapi baTumSia dagegmili.
- rogorc vici, konkursi Sedgeba ramdenime nawilisagan.
dagvixsasiaTeT TiToeuli maTgani da monawileebs SeuZliaT
Tu ara orive JanrSi monawileobis miReba?
- konkursi cxaddeba poeziasa da prozaSi. prozis
konkursi specifikuria, radgan sityvaTa raodenoba (saTauris gareSe) zustad asi unda iyos, aseTi SezRudvis sapirwoned is faqtoria, rom yvela monawiles erTnair pirobebSi
uwevs monawileoba. Tematurad da Janrobrivad SezRudva
ar aris, aucilebeli pirobaa is faqti, rom arc leqsi da
arc assityviani proza gamoqveynebuli ar unda iyos. erT
konkursants monawileobis miReba erTdroulad SeuZlia
poeziasa da prozaSic.
- ramdeni etapisagan Sedgeba konkursi da, rogor
fiqrobT, ra gamoxmaureba mohyveba ,,leqsebis gamofenas’’
Semoqmed adamianebSi? amasTanave, vin arian Jiuris wevrebi
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360 /#8
da rodis gaimarTeba dajildoeba?
- „leqsebis gamofenis“ konkursi araa gaTvlili konkretuli asakis mqone adamianebze, masSi monawileobis miRebis ufleba aqvs nebismier msurvels 14 wels zemoT. uxucesi
monawile SarSan iyo, rodesac 76 wlis qalbatonma gamogzavna sakonkurso namuSevari. monawileTa saSualo asaki
30 welze metia. zogadod ki, vityvi, rom konkurss Tavisi
masStabebiT analogi ar gaaCnia saqarTveloSi, radgan finalistebi daskvniT etapze Camodian baTumSi, erTad cxovroben ori dRis ganmavlobaSi da, Sesabamisad, literaturis
garda, adamianuri urTierToobebis zeimicaa yovelTvis.
rac gansakuTrebiT maxarebs, isaa, rom „leqsebis
gamofenaze“ yvela monawiles obieqturobis SegrZnebis
maqsimaluri gancda aqvs. JiurisTvis konkursantebis vinaoba bolomde ucnobia. nawarmoebebi gamarjvebulebis gamovlenamde danomrilia da es principi am konkursis warmatebis
da obieqturobis erT-erTi ganmsazRvrelia.
rac Seexeba Jiuris wevrebs, maTi vinaoba qveyndeba
konkursis finalamde 3 TvT adre. Jiuri yovel wels icvleba. wels Jiuris Semadgenloba aseTia: maia sariSvili, guram
odiSaria, gela daiauri, rezo geTiaSvili, fridon qardava, daTo turaSvili, levan Rvinjilia.
- ramdeni adgilia konkursSi da ra prizebia dawesebuli
gamarjvebulebisaTvis?
-konkursi mimdinareobs sam etapad: pirvel etapze xdeba
poeziaSi asi, xolo prozaSi ormocdaaTi saukeTeso nawarmoebis gamorCeva. momdevno etapze darCenili nawarmoebebidan saukeTeso oceulebis, xolo mesame, finalur etapze
am oceulebidan saprizo adgilosanTa gamovlena. pirveli
etapis gadalaxvis SemTxvevaSi, organizatorebi monawiles
tradiciulad uzrunvelyofen baTumSi dabinavebiT, kvebiTa da transportiT, raSic aqtiuradaa CarTuli baTumis meriac.
finaluri etapis saRamoebi gaimarTeba baTumSi 18-19
maiss.
gamarjvebulTaTvis dawesebulia fuladi prizebi poeziaSic da prozaSic:
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I adgili - 800 lari
II adgili - 600 lari
III adgili - 400 lari
-ras usurvebT konkursis monawileebs?
konkursis monawileebs vusurveb erTmaneTisa da literaturis siyvaruls. konkursantTa raodenoba Zalian didia
da yvelas erTdroulad gamarjveba SeuZlebelia. mTavaria,
„leqsebis gamofenaSi“ monawileobis da baTumSi finalur
etapze daswrebis survili ar gauneldeT.
~
`
konkursi "leqsebis gamofena" saSualebas aZlevs SemoqmedebiTi
suliskveTebiT ganmsWvalul adamianebs TavianTi Tavi gamoavlinon
literaturuli mimarTulebis sxvadasxva JanrSi, kerZod, poeziasa da assityvian
prozaSi, da am gziT moaxerxon SemoqmedebiT samyaroSi gabeduli da
saintereso sityvis Tqma, ufro metic, SemoqmedebiTi TviTdamkvidreba
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sofo cirgaia
odar dumbaZis saxelobis mozardmayurebelTa Teatrma „kukaraCas“ premieris kvireuls umaspinZla.
es arc mayurebels gamohparvia da yvela speqtaklze,
sruli anSlagi moxsna.
misi inscenirebis avtori - Salva gawerilia
gaxldaT. amJamad ki oTar baRaTuriam aRadgina. premiera,
swored Salva gawerilias xsnovnas eZRvneba.
premieris Sesaxeb, Teatris mmarTvelsa da samxatvro xelmZRvanels, dimitri xvTisiaSvils, vesaubreT, romelmac
xazi gausva im did mniSvnelobas, rac „kukaraCas“ aRdgenas
mohyveba:
„CvenTvis, es warmodgena, Rirsebis saqmea, radgan batoni
Salvas Semoqmedebis Semobrunebaa. Salva gawerilia iyo yvelaze did xans samxatvro xelmZRvaneli mozardmayurebelTa
TeatrSi da Tu es Teatri, maSin tols ar udebda sxva arc
erT Teatrs, swored misi damsaxurebiT. „kukaraCa“ erT-erTi saukeTeso speqtakli iyo.
batoni Salvas moRvaweobis periodi,yvelaze gamorCeuli iyo, aqedan gamomdinare, me gadavwyvite, rom es warmodgena mis wlisTavTan dagvekavSirebina. amas garda, Teatris
85 welicaa, Teatri ki nodar dumbaZis saxelobis.“
kukaraCas roli - Salva anTelavas ergo. ingas, nino leJava iTamaSebs. murtalos rolis Semsrulebeli ki msaxiobi,
kote Tolordavaa. man, CvenTan saubarSi, ixumra kidec:
„roca gavige,rom „kukaraCa“ kvlav idgmeboda,vikiTxe,
murtalos rols vin TamaSobs-meTqi. meore dRes movedi da
rolze damtkicebuli, me aRmovCndi.
am speqtakliT, mwams, rom Cveni TeatrisTvis axali etapi
daiwyeba. es gansakuTrebiT Cvens SemadgenlobaSi gamoixateba. ganaxlebul „kukaraCaSi“ 2 Taobis warmomadgenlebi
vTamaSobT,rac yvelaze magaria.“
n
„14 aprils, „kukaraCas“ speqtaklis Semdeg,
rezo TavarTqilaZis varskvlavi gaixsna .
swored igi TamaSobda moSes rols 27 wlis
winaTac da axlac.
„kukaraCas“ Semdeg ki uaxlesi premiera, „irines bedniereba“ 20 aprils gaimarTa.
dimitri xvTisiaSvilma, Teatris samomavlo gegmebic
gagvando:
„maisSi 2 premiera elis mayurebels:
„sicocxlis xe“ kote mirianaSvilis da
„WinWraqa“ - goga qaCibaias reJisorobiT.“
0
360 /#8
CemTvis
saintereso
sofo cirgaia
ñâåäïçå
êïîãò ìïèóøïë
ïè áâåñíïæ
rubrika
30
CemTvis saintereso
sofo cirgaia
yvelaze kargi samuSao am qveynad
Jurnalisturi saqmianobis Sesaxeb msoflios mraval gamoCenil adamians aqvs mosazreba gamoTqmuli. maT Soris arian aramxolod „meoTxe xelisuflebis“ warmomadgenlebi, aramed saxelmwifo moRvaweebi, mecnierebi, literaturisa da xelovnebis muSakebi. amjerad, didi kolumbieli mwerlis,
nobelis premiis laureatis, gabriel garsia markesis, Sexedulebebs gagacnobT.
er kidev, raRac ormocdaaTi wlis win Jurnalistikis skolebi saerTod ar iyo. maSin, am xelobas
swavlobdnen pirdapir reportiorebis oTaxSi,
stambaSi, uaxloes kafeSi da paraskeobiT „RamisTevis“ dros. gazeTi iyo fabrika, sadac ibeWdeboda axali ambebi.
Jurnalistebi, yovelTvis, erTad iyvnen. saerTo cxovrebiT cxovrobdnen da ise itacebdaT sakuTari samuSao, sxvaze
araferze laparakobdnen. samuSao xels uwyobda mtkice, megobruli kavSirebis Camoyalibebas da piradi, damoukidebeli cxovrebisTvis dro aRar rCebodaT. savaldebulo
saredaqcio TaTbirebs aravin awyobda, magram yoveldRe,
xuT saaTze, yvela TanamSromeli ikribeboda axali ambebis
ganyofilebaSi yavis dasalevad da suls iTqvamdnen mTeli
dRis facifucis Semdeg. saubrobdnen ubralod, ganixilavdnen gazeTis TiToeuli ganyofilebis uaxles ambebs da bolo
Strixebi SehqondaT meore dRis nomris masalebSi.
j
maSin gazeTi sam did ganyofilebas
moicavda: axal ambebs, sensaciebs
(„damrtymel masalebs“) da saredaqcio
statiebs. yvelaze prestiJuli da
„daxuruli“ iyo saredaqcio ganyofileba.
reportiori am piramidis sul boloSi,
sadRac staJiorsa da „Sikrik“ biWs Soris
iyo moqceuli. drom da samuSaom aCvena, rom
Jurnalistikis nervuli centri sxvagvarad
aris ganTavsebuli.
~
gabriel garsia markesma kariera
cxrameti wlisam daiwyo, rogorc
anonimurma litmuSakma saredaqcio
ganyofilebaSi da nel-nela, didi
wvalebiT miiwevda zeviT, samsaxureobriv
kibeze,manam, sanam ar miaRwia umaRles
safexurs - gaxda damwyebi reportiori
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360 /#8
`
gabriel garsia markesma kariera cxrameti wlisam daiwyo,
rogorc anonimurma litmuSakma saredaqcio ganyofilebaSi
da nel-nela, didi wvalebiT miiwevda zeviT, samsaxureobriv
kibeze,manam, sanam ar miaRwia umaRles safexurs - gaaxda damwyebi reportiori.
Semdeg gaCnda Jurnalistikis skolebi da daiwyo teqnlogiebis Semoteva. am skolebis kursdamTavrebulebma sustad icodnen gramatika da sintaqsi. Zlivs erkveodnen rTul
cnebebSi da saxifaTod ar esmodaT Tavisi profesiis arsi.
„sensacia nebismier fasad“ - es moTxovna aWarbebda moralis
yvela normas.
Tavad profesia, rogorc Cans, ise swrafad ar viTardeboda, rogorc misi samuSao instrumentebi. Jurnalistebi
Caikargnen teqnologiis labirinTebSi, romelic kontrolis sruli ararsebobis pirobebSi saSineli siswrafiT mierekeboda maT momavlisken. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, sagazeTo
saqme CaTreuli aRmoCnda gaafTrebul SejibrebaSi teqnikuri modernizaciisaTvis da Sewyvita Tavisi jariskacebis (reportiorebis) wrTvna, daiviwya erToblivi Sromis
is meqanzmebi, romlebic profesiis suliskveTebas gansazRvravda. axali ambebis ganyofileba iqca sterilur labo-
ratoriebad, sadac martoxela mglebi muSaoben da, ise Cans,
iqidan aramiwier civilizaciebTan ufro iolia kontaqtis
damyareba, vidre mkiTxvelTa sulebTan.
teletaipisa da teleqsis gagonebamde, romelime moxalise radios usmenda, raTa msoflios axali ambebi amoekrifa. kargad informirebuli korespodenti iZulebuli iyo
daelagebina fragmentebi, moexaza foni da Sesabamisi detalebi, erTi sityviT, aRedgina dinozavris ConCxi erTaderTi malis mixedviT.
avtoris miTiTeba ikrZaleboda - es iyo mTavari redaqtoris wmidaTawminda prerogativa. miiCneoda, rom Tundac
es mTlad ase ar yofiliyo, mowinave werili da saredaqcio svetebi Tavad mis mier iyo dawerili, Tanac gaugebari,
uTavbolo eniT, romelsac rogorc istoria mowmobs, normalur saxes aZlevda StatSi swored am gansakuTrebuli mizniT ayvanili, redaqtoris piradi mbeWdavi qali.
CemTvis saintereso
31
Zalian minda vifiqro, rom moralis
darRveva da sxva problemebi, romlebic
aknineben Tanamedrove Jurnalistikis
Rirsebas da xels uSlian mis sworad
muSaobas, yovelTvis araa piradi
amoralobis Sedegi da zogjer,
Cveulebrivi araprofesionalizmiTaa
gamowveuli.
Jurnalistikis skolebis ubedureba, albaT, isaa, rom
isini studentebs unergaven xelobis zogierT sasargeblo
dRes, faqti da azri erTmaneTsia
Cvevas, magram arasakmarisad uxsnian profesiis arss. yovelgadaxlarTuli: axal ambebSi CarTulia
gvari swavleba Jurnalistikis skolebSi dafuZnebuli unda
iyos sam ZiriTad principze. pirveli da mTavaria - niWi da
komentarebi, saredaqcio masalebi
unari, rogorc aucilebeli piroba; meore - imis gageba,
gatenilia faqtebiT. saboloo produqti
rom „Jurnalisturi gamoZieba“ sulac araa gansakuTrebamiT ar umjobesdeba da Jurnalisturi
uli Janri,nebismieri Jurnalistika Tavisi gansazRvrebiT
profesiac adre ar Seicavda amden
gamoZiebaa, da, mesame - eTika xelobis dauflebis ubralod
saSiSroebas. uneburi Tu Segnebulad
meorexarisxovani piroba ki araa, aramed misi ganuyofeli
daSvebuli Secdomebi, borotganzraxuli
nawili.
manipulaciebi Tu gesliani damaxinjebani,
nebismier SemTxvevaSi,Jurnalistikis yoveli skolis
axal ambavs seriozul iaraRad aqcevs
saboloo mizani unda gaxdes ZiriTadi profesiuli Cveveb„informirebuli wyaroebisa“ da „mTavrobis is swavleba da Jurnalistikis Tavdapirveli funqciis - sazogadoebisadmi samsaxuris aRdgena.
moxeleebis“ (romlebsac vinaobis
gamJRavneba ar surT).
yvelafris mcodne da yvelasaTvis ucnobi damkvirveblebis damowmebiT ifareba yvela darRveva da isini dausjeli
rCeba. damnaSave jiutad icavs Tavis uflebas ar gaamJRavnos informaciis wyaro da ar fiqrobs imaze, TviTon xom ar
iqceva am wyaros morCil iaraRad, romelic misi meSveobiT
avrcelebs TavisTvis sasargeblo informacias.
SesaZloa, sasacilod mogeCvenoT, magram kidev erTi damnaSave am dramaSi - magnitofonia. mis gamogonebamde samuSao
warmatebiT sruldeboda sami iaraRis gamoyenebiT - es iyo
bloknoti, eTikuri principebi „sulelebisagan Tavis dasacavad“ da sakuTari yurebi, riTac reportiori ismenda, rasac informaciis wyaro uyveboda.
magnitofonisTvis Jurnalistikisa da eTikis saxelmZRvanelo jer ar gamougoniaT. viRacam unda auxsnas axalgazrda reportiorebs, rom magnitofoni mexsnierebis Semcvleli ki araa, aramed ubralod, igive Zveli, keTilsaimedo
bloknoti, oRond srulyofili da mosaxerxebeli.
magnitofoni ismens da imeorebs, rogorc meqanikuri
TuTiyuSi, magram igi ar azrovnebs. saimedoa, magram guli
ar aqvs; da bolos, mis zedmiwevniT zust asaxvas ar SeiZleba daveyrdnoT ise, rogorc cocxali Jurnalistis aRqmas,
romelic yuradRebiT usmens mosaubres da imavdroulad
afasebs mis sityvebs, amowmebs maT sakuTari codniTa da
gamocdilebiT.
swored magnitofons ekisreba sruli pasuxismgebloba im
daumsaxurebeli didi mniSvnelobisTvis, romelic amJamad
intervium moipova. sruliad gasagebia, rom TviTon radiosa da televiziis buneba intervius mTavar sayrdenad aqcevs,
magram dRes masobrivi informaciis beWdviTi saSualebebic
imeoreben Secdomas da miiCneven, rom WeSmaritebis xma Jurnalists ki ara, mis Tanamosaubres ekuTvnis. iqneb Rirdes,
davubrundeT ubralo bloknots, romelsac Jurnalisti
Tanamosaubris mosmenisas gaazrebuli CanawerebiT aavsebs,
xolo magnitofons misTvis Sesaferisi fasdaudebeli mowmis roli davutovoT.
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360 /#8
0
360 graduss erTad vqmniT axalgazrdebi
axalgazrduli politika
axalgazrduli
ambebi
etiudebis mexuTe festivali
Teona araxamia
1961 wlidan moyolebuli, yovel 27 marts, msoflio Teatris dRes aRniSnavs. msoflios arc saqarTvelo
CamorCeba da yovel wels ,saqarTvelos sxvadasxva Teatrebi ,sxvadasxva RonisZiebebiT aRniSnaven am RirsSesaniSnav dRes. wels, saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis Teatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo universitetma da marjaniSvilis
Teatrma erTad aRniSnes Teatris dRe da Teatrisa da kinos 90 wlis iubilis farglebSi, rigiT mexuTe etiudebis festivals umaspinZles. festivali saqvelmoqmedo xasiaTis iyo da aq Segrovebuli mTliani Tanxa gadaericxa
msaxiob giorgi yorRanaSvils,romelsac sazRvargareT,urTulesi operacia esaWiroeba.
festivali 2 dRis manZilze - 26-27 marts mimdinareobda. pirvel dRes, marjaniSvilis Teatris did scenaze,
Teatraluri universitetis I, II da III kusrsis samsaxiobo da sareJisoro specialobis studentebma etiudebi
warmoadgines, romelTa xangrZlivoba ar aRemateboda Svid wuTs da gamoyenebuli ganaTeba, xma da dekoraciac
minimumamde iyo dayvanili.
pirvel dRes, mayureblis winaSe warmodgenili iyo sareJisoro etiudebi, sul 12 etiudi : „saxlobana“ ,
„serenada“, „saxeebi“, „natvris xe“, „TamaSidan realobamde“, „wero“, „Error-erori”, „cirki“, „naRmi“ ,
„warmosaxva“, „cxovrebis gza“, „safrTxobela“.
rubrika
34
axalgazrduli ambebi
etiudebis mexuTe festivali
meore dRes, studentebma 6 samsaxiobo
etiudi
warmoadgines:
„Zalaufleba“, „paemani“ (Tojinebi),
„qalis cxovreba“, „SiSveli terfebi, yvavilebi da alkoholis ramdenime wveTi“, „orni“, „paemani espaneTSi“.
konkurs Tvals adevnebda kompententuri Jiuri : levan kitia, dodo
xurcilava, slava naTenaZe, eka mJanavaZe da Jiuris Tavmjdomare reJisori- nugzar gaCava.
festivals aseve hyavda studentebisgan Semdgari Jiuri: Teatrmcodne - nino Sengelia, msaxiobi - Tamuna grigolia da reJisori - giorgi
arabuli; romelTac sakuTari rCeuli gamoavlines.
darbazi sasve iyo, mayurebelic
gulisyuriT adevnebdnen Tvals etiudebs. pirvel dRes , yvelaze meti
sicili „serenadas“ mohyva, xolo
yvelaze didi ovaciebi da aplodismentebi „Error-erorma” daimsaxura.
meore dRes, ki, yvelaze didi xmauri darbazSi „qalis cxovrebam“ da
„werom“ gamoiwvia.
samsaxiobo etiudebis Cvenebis
Semdeg, Jiurim Teatris darbazi
droebiT datova, radgan TiToeul
maTgans
arCevani saukeTesoze
SeeCerebina da sabolood SeejamebinaT.
nominaciebi
gamarjvebulTa
saxelebic, male gaxda yvelasaTvis
cnobili.igi Semdegnairad gadanawilda:
saukeTeso msaxiobi gogo, eka
mJavanaZem
daasaxela,
etiudidan „wero“ - TaTa TavadiSvili.
aRsaniSnavia,rom igi ukve zedized
meore welia, rac am nominaciis gamarjvebuli xdeba.
saukeTeso msaxiobi mamakacis
tituli mieniWa - miSo arCvaZes etiudidan „cirki“.
saukeTeso samsaxiobo etiudi aSot simoniani - etiudidan „qalis
cxovreba“.
saukeTeso sareJisoro etiudi „cocxali“. igi levan kitiam daasaxela.
grampri daimsaxura avTo diasamiZem, etiudisTvis „erori“.
axalgazrda Jiuris simpaTia gaxda etiudi „paemani“, romelic Tea-
0
tralurma universitetma daajildova fuladi priziT.
siurprizi
aRmoCnda,
Teatraluri universitetis, saorganizacio jgufis, simpaTiis nominacia. Tamuna ZoweniZem, etiudis
- „cocxali“ - erT-erTi msaxiobi
daajildova.
festivalis dasasruls, slava
naTenaZem, studentebs mimarTa da
mouwoda, rom sakuTari saqmis siyvaruli hqondeT da imuSaon dauRalavad.igi moxaruli iyo, rom darbazis da Jiuris gadawyvetilebebi
- erTsulovani aRmoCnda. aseve, dodo
xurcilavam, miuloca TiToeul
monawiles festivalSi monawileoba da gamarjvebulebs usurva, rom
miRebuli prizebi, yvelaze umniSvnelo iyos, maTi karieris ganmavlobaSi.
studenturi Jiuris erT- erTma
wevris , giorgi arabulis TqmiT, ki,
Zalian kargia, rom amgvar festivalebi tardeba da mas yovelwliuri saxe mieca, radgan , es kargia
damywebi msaxiobebisTvis, romelTac saSualeba eZlevaT marjaniSvilis did scenaze iTamaSon, imuSaon
reJisorebTan da mieCvion mayurebelTan urTierTobasac.
festivalis organizatori universitetis studenturi TviTmmarTveloba iyo, xolo festivalis
samxatvro xelmZRvaneli - Temo kuprava gaxldaT, romelmac
didi
madloba gadauxada kote marjaniSvilis saxelobis saxelmwifo dramatuli Teatrs maspinZlobisTvis,
damswre sazogadoebas da TiToeul
im students, romelmac monawileoba
miiRo festivalSi. misi azriT, mTavari gambedaoba da monawileobaa,
radgan mxolod amgvarad SeeiZenen
damwyebi msaxiobebi da reJisorebi
- gamocdilebas.
festivalis mizania Teatris
saerTaSoriso dRis aRniSvna, studentebSi profesiuli motivaciis
amaRleba, Semoqmedebis popularizacia da amiT maTi waxaliseba.
aseve, axali saxeebis aRmoCena da talantebis gamovlena.
etiudebis festivali mayurebels, zustad erTi wliT, 2014 wlis
27 martamde daemSvidoba.
360 /#8
axalgazrduli
arti
festivali „fanARTi“
sofo cirgaia
evgeni miqelaZis erovnul musikalur centrSi, „martistebis“ kvireuli, festivali „fanARTi“, dasrulda.
festivalis organizatoris, bavSvTa da axalgazrdobis erovnuli centris kulturuli da SemecnebiTi programebis samsaxuris ufrosis, Tea yifSiZis, azriT,
„martistebis“ kvireuli aris axalgazrdebisTvis, romlebsac ar aqvT SesaZlebloba TavianTi namuSevrebi gaacnon farTo sazogadoebas. festivalis interess ganapirobebs isic, rom aris mravalJanrobrivi da aqvs imedi,rom saqarTvelos bevri
niWieri „martisti“ eyoleba.
festivalSi „fanARTi“ monawileobas iRebdnen axalgazrda kompozitorebi, jazmenebi, rokerebi, literatorebi, mxatvarebi, fotografebi, dizainerebi, msaxiobebi da kinoreJisorebi - 15 dan 28 wlamde.
rubrika
36
axalgazrduli arti
festivali „fanARTi“
„fanARTis“ konsultantma, guram wibaxaSvilma, rogorc
ganacxada: „es aris yvelaze kargi adgili, sadac SeiZleba
Tqva, rom me raRac gavakeTe. es aris kargi dasawyisi da sakuTari Tavis realizeba- sazogadoebis winaSe.“
mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi, yoveli saRamo, sxvadasxva
JanrSi gamarjvebul konkursantebs eTmobodaT.
pirveli dRe - literaturis dRe iyo,iyo. cnobilia, rom
sul 27 aplikanti iyo, aqedan, 8 monawile SeirCa Jiuris mier
da TavianTi Semoqmedeba, sajarod gaacnes msmenels. gamarjvebuli konkursantebi, kiTxulobdnen sakuTar literaturul namuSevrebs , miniaturebsa da leqsebs. rogorc organizatorebma ganacxades, am JanrSi, yvelaze metma konkursantma
miiRo monawileoba.
meore saRamo - jazs daeTmo. konsultanti daTo evgeniZe
gaxldaT da monawileebTan erTad, swored igi warsdga msmenelTa winaSe.
mesame dRe - Teatris dRe iyo.
meoTxe - moda/dizainis, sadac aTma axalgazrda dizainerma warmoadgina sakuTari namuSevrebi. saRamos, SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqonde axalgazrdebis mier xelnakeTi
Tojinebis gamofenac gaimarTa.
smenisa da metyvelebis darRvevis mqone bavSvebis daxmarebis asociaciis xelmZRvanelma, maia asakiSvilma, festivalis did mniSvnelobas gausva xazi:
„festivali aris dadastureba imisa, rom yvelanairi unaris mqonde adamians SeuZlia CarTuloba. ar arsebobs SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi da isinic, sazogadoebis Rirseuli
wevrebi arian“.
mexuTe dRes kinoCveneba gaimarTa. damwyebma reJisorebma, moklemetraJiani filmebi waradgines.
bolo dRe ki yvelaze xmauriani da energiuli aRmoCnda.
igi roksa da alternatiul musikas daeTmo.
kviris bolos, evgeni miqelaZis erovnul musikalur centrSi, daskvniTi koncerti gaimarTa, sadac „Tibisi“ bankma,
yvela warmodgenili sferodan, TiTo konkursanti gamoarCia
da simboluri TanxiT - 300 laris odenobiT daajildova.
„Tibisi“ bankis sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis samsaxuris
ufrosma, maia ZirkveliSvilma, miuloca yvela monawiles,
festivalSi miRweuli warmateba da dajildoebis ceremoniac daiwyo.
filmi dokumenturi xasiaTis iyo, sadac mTavari moqmedi personaJi (viszec agebuli iyo mTeli istoria), 5 Svilis
deda, „boSa“, yveboda Tavisi cxovrebis Sesaxeb detalurad.
naCvenebi iyo, Tu rogor mihyveboda erTi mZime dRe meores..
ra pirobebSi cxovrobdnen arasrulwlovnebi da rogor
irCendnen Tavs.
multimedias, mxolod 2 konkursanti hyavda, romelTaganac, warmateba, levan qaSibaZes xvda wilad.
axalgazrda fotografebs Soris, „Tibisi“ bankis rCeuli, vaxtang xeTaguri aRmoCnda.
jazSi, levan kemularia ,igive kemo, dasaxelda rCeul
konkursantad. man, daTo evgeniZesTan erTad, SesaniSnavi
kompozicia SesTavaza damswre sazogadoebas.
da gala koncertis dasasruls, scena ise gaaxures axalgazrda rokerebma, rom msmenels arc daRliloba etyoboda
da arc wasvlis survili.
alternativa da roki - „Tibisi“ bankis, rCeuli „The mins“
aRmoCnda. maT, sakuTari, 2 simRera Seasrules. SegaxsenebT,
rom jgufs Rirseul konkurencias uwevdnen Semdegi jgufebi da Semsruleblebi:
“Pipe Bomb” ;
“Crismon Horizon”;
“Unimited”;
giorgi CxeiZe;
baCo jiqaZe.
bavSvTa da axalgazrdobis erovnuli centri, did madaxalgazrda kompozitorTa Soris, „Tibisi“ lobas uxdis mxardamWerebsa da monawileebs da 1 wliT, 2014
bankis rCeuli - joni asitaSvili aRmoCnda. wlamde emSvidobeba „martistebis kvireuls“.
SegaxsenebT, rom festivalis ideis avtori, nikoloz
man, sakuTari nawarmoebi, kidev erTxel SearaWveli gaxldaT, organizatori, bavSvTa da axalgazrdosrula mayurebelTa winaSe da didi ovacibis erovnuli centri, partniori - „Tibisi“ banki; mediaac daimsaxura.
partniori „Star.Fm“ da Jurnali „sarke“, xolo sainformacio
literatorTa Soris rCeuli - qristine bemxardamWeri - „rusTavi2.“
biaaRmoCnda;
Teatridan - giorgi CaCaniZe;
mxatvrobidan - sali xoferia;
moda/dizainidan - lela RvinifaZe;
kinoCvenebidan, „Tibisi“ bankma, ozurgeTis
„axalgazrda pedagogTa kavSiris“, moklemetraJiani filmi daajildova, saTauriT „me boSa var“.
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360 /#8
axalgazrda
emigranti
Teona araxamia
``Senianebisa da samSoblos tvirTi rom gaxdebi,
sjobs iq waxvide, sadac gzas naxav, Tundac droebiT``
daTo lobJaniZe - qarTveli emigranti londonSi
ubrika “emigracias” 25 wlis daTo lobJaniZe stumrobs.igi axalcixidanaa. ganaTlebac “axalcixis saxelmwifo universitetSi miiRo” – finansebi da sabanko saqme Seiswavla. universitetis
damTavrebis Semgdeg bevr sxvadasxva adgilze scada muSaobis dawyeba, magram yvelgan imedebi
gaucruvda. ifiqra, rom Tavis qveyanaSi perspeqtiva ar hqonda da sazRvargareT wasvla gadawyvita im imediT, rom Tavis mizans sxvagan mainc miaRwevda da Tavis SesaZleblobebs daamtkicebda. gulma didi britaneTisken gauwia da Tavis saocnebo qalaqs - londons miaSura.
“universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg, sxvadasxva adgilze vcade muSaobis dawyeba. bankSi testireba
gaviare , maSin bolo kurss vamTavrebdi . mxolod bolo etapze mkiTxes, samuSao gamocdileba
Tu mqonda. arada, icodnen, rom, jer isev studenti viyavi da amgvari gamocdileba ver
meqneboda. es ,ubralod, mizezi iyo Cemi Tavidan mosaSoreblad. testirebac,
vicodi, formalurad tardeboda –Tanamdebobebi ukve , winaswiar iyo
dakavebuli maTi axloblebisa da “vinme didi kacis” moyvanili
adamianebis mier. Semdeg, ramdneime adgilze mivedi, magram
uSedegod. cotaxans distributoradac vmuSaobdi,
r
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axalgazrda emigranti
Tumca esec cudaT damTavrda da mivxvdi, aq winsvlis aranairi Sansi ar mqonda. Tanac, Senianebisa da samSoblos tvirTi rom gaxdebi, sjobs iq waxvide, sadac gzas naxav, Tundac
droebiT. swored maSin vTqvi- Cemsas sxvaganac davamtkicebmeTqi da londonSi, erT-erTi universitetSi gavagzavne
sabuTebi. ramdenime gasaubrebis Semdeg mimiRes da mec gavemgzavre. “
londonSi daTosTvis cxovrebis axali etapi daiwyo.
Tavdapirvelad, yvelaferTan SeCveva Zalian gauWirda . arc
ena icoda saTanado doneze, xalxic da garemoc sruliad
ucxo iyo misTvis, magram cotaxanSi alRo auRo yvelafers xalxic gaicno da enasac TandaTan daeufla. swavlac ar gasWirvebia, Tumca, saarsebo saxsrebi rom Semoelia, samuSaos
Sovnaze daiwyo fiqri. universitetma TandaTan ukana planze gadainacvla, Tumca, kursebi mainc daamTavra da serTifikatic aiRo.
samsaxuris dawyeba Zalian gauWirda, radgan qarTveli
iyo da bevri SezRudvebi hqonda. Semdeg, megobars daukavSirda da is daexmara:
“samuSaos povna iseTi advili ar aRmoCnda, rogoric megona. CemiT veraferi movaxarxe da Zalian rom gamiWirda, Cems
axlobels davureke. is sxva qalaqSi iyo da mec londonidan masTan gadavbargdi. iseT adgilas da iseT pirobebSi
daviwye muSaoba, razedac adre ar davTanxmdebodi, magram,
axla, sxva gza ar mqonda. mere, Cemma londonelma megobarma daaneba samsaxurs Tavi da me gamagebina, rom mis adgilas
mecada bedi, mec Cavedi. vakanturi adgili restoranSi iyo
– mzareulad. amis gamocdileba ar mqonda, magram, movityuemesmis es saqme-meTqi da mimiRes kidec. or Tvemde vimuSave iq.
yovel gasuli dRis Semdeg mikvirda sakuTari Tavis - rogor
SevZeli gaZleba. ori Tvis mere, Cxubi momivida ufrosTan.
aRarc me viyavi iq gamCerebeli da manac gamomiSva.
ramdenime kvira umuSevari viyavi. es Zalian rTuli periodi iyo Cems cxovrebaSi. saqarTveloSi dabrunebasac vapirebdi – vifiqre, am qalaqSi Cemi SesaZleblobebi amovwuremeTqi. Tanac, yvela da yvelaferi menatreboda mSobliuri.
magram, mere, ori samsaxuri gamoCnda erTdroulad. isic
restoranSi,Tanac, axla , samuSao gamocdilebac mqonda da
ase daviwye im restoranSi muSaoba, romelSic dRemde var. “
daTom londonSi megobrebic SeiZina-zogi ucxoeli, bevric qarTveli. fiqrobs, rom “qarTvelis meogbroba mainc sul
sxvaa – ucxoelebi sul sxva gvarad arian – gemegobrebian, magram im periodSi, rodesac, maTTan urTierToba da Sexvedra
giwevs. bolos, xels dagiqneven, dagemSvidobebian da getyvian Cven-Cven gzaze gagvimarjoso.amis Semdeg aRarc darekvaa,
arc Sexvedra da aRarc “Zmakacoba”. ” daTo garTobasac ar iklebs- dadis klubebSi, barebSi, muzeumebSi da aTvalierebs
sxvadasxva RirsSesaniSnav adgilebs, magram , nebismier, saukeTeso wveulebasac,ki, qarTvel megobrebTan, myudro garemoSi gatarebuli saRamo da saqarTveloze saubari urCevnia.
misTvis, londonuri garemo aRaraa ucxo. Tavidan yvelafris
daTvaliereba uxaroda, metad arTobda, axla ki, RirsSesaniSnav adgilas gavlis drosac aRar aqvs reaqcia. fiqrobs, rom
xalxic civia da qalaqic. magram , moswons is, rom aq yvelas
Tavisi saqme aqvs, aravinaa usaqmurad, yvela aqtiur cxovrebas eweva da am qalaqSi, ician drois fasi.
daTomac,SeZlebisdagvarad , auwyo fexi londonuri cxovrebis dinebas da didi miznebic daisaxa - mxolod stabiluri samsaxuri aRar akmayofilebs da sakuTari biznesis
wamowyebaze fiqrobs. imedi aqvs male gaumarTlebs da Tavis SamSobloSic Rirseulad dabrundeba, radgan misgan moSorebiT didxans yofna aRar surs :
“ vecdebi, rom imdens mivaRwio, gavixsna gza saqarTvelosken. ar vici, rodis SevZleb amas, magram, sabolood , mainc
saqarTveloSi minda cxovreba. erTi vici - Svils aq ,namdvilad, ar gavzrdi.
me , yovelTvis aqtiur cxovrebas gavagrZeleb, sadac ar
udna viyo. yovelTvis winsvlisken viqnebi mimarTuli. aqac,
garkveuli codna SeviZine da gamocdilebac miviRe. SeiZleba
am yvelafris saqarTveloSi kargad gamoyeneba. sabolood,
mainc, Cemi idealuri mdgomareobaa - saqarTveloSi, namdvili qarTuli ojaxis mqondes da saxlSi misvla mimeCqarebodes. am yvelafris misaRwevad, Zal-Rones ar daviSureb.
Zalian menatreba saqarTvelo da qarTvelebi. yvelaferi
menatreba qarTuli. erTi kia, roca saqarTvelos sxva qveynebs
vadareb, vxedav im niuansebs, rac aucileblad gamosasworebelia. me ar momwons saqarTvelo aseTi politizirebuli.
ar momwons , “didi” da “patara” kaci rom arsebobs da erTmaneTs qedmaRlurad uyureben. aq ase ar xdeba- aq yvela Tanaswori da samarTliania. qarTvelebma ki, ase rom miiltvian
evropisaken, maTgan unda gadaiRon , swored, is, rac kargia
da yvelaferi ar unda “gadmoakopiron” – Cveni kargi, rac
gvaqvs, ar unda daviviwyoT. ”
bolosTvis, daTom yvela saqarTveloSi myofs urCia,
rom ar miatovon Tavisi samSoblo da Tavisi mtkivneuli
gamocdilebac gauziara:
“yvelas, visac qveyana ar dautovebia, vetyodi, rom yvelaferi ise kargi araa, rogorc Soridan Cans, miT umetes, iseTi arcerTi qveyana araa, rogoric saqarTveloa... rogoric
qarTvelia...qarTveli eri da saqarTvelo, guliTa da suliT
mdidaria, madliania. amas maSinaTve igrZnob, roca sxva miwaze daabije fexs- Semdeg ki, sxvagan cxovrebis gamocdilebidan gamomdinare daaskvni, rom araferi yofila samSobloze
ukeTesi. mec ase damemarTa. maSin, rodesac, londnisken
mimeCqareboda, iq myofs, ukve gamicivda grZnobebi. emociebmac gadamiares da damrCa mxolod saqarTvelos monatreba.
britaneTSi yofnisas , TiTqmis, yvela erovnebis xalxi gavicani, viswavle sxva xalxSi, sxva mxareSi cxovreba, magram
mainc saqarTvelosken momiwevs guli.
RmerTs madlobas
vswirav, rom saqarTveloSi davibade, qarTul miwaze , qarTvel, qristian , marTlmadidebel adamianad – rogorc ana kalandaZe da grigol orbeliani ityodnen– “saqarTveloo lamazo, sxva saqarTvelo sad ari?!” marTlac, arsad araa sxva
saqarTvelo. yvelas, aqedan geferebiT, mokiTxvas giTvliT
da imedi maqvs,Zalian male davbrundebi. “
Cvenc, isRa dagvrCenia, daTos londonSi warmatebebi da
saqarTveloSi male dabruneba vusurvoT.
~
`
sabolood, mainc, Cemi idealuri
mdgomareobaa - saqarTveloSi, namdvili
qarTuli ojaxi mqondes da saxlSi misvla
mimeCqarebodes. am yvelafris misaRwevad,
Zal-Rones ar daviSureb
fsiqo
dauZleveli
araferiadaZlie
kompleqsebi
ana muqaTariZe
~
`
Zalian didi roli aqvs fsiqologs mozardTa kompleqsebis
daZlevaSi. aseTi SemTxvevebi pararelurad unda imoqmedos
dedam, ojaxma, pedagogma, ufrosma da rac mTavaria
fsiqologTan unda damegobrdnen mozardebi da calke
kompleqsad ar unda Camoiyalobon masTan urTierTiba
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fsiqo
dauZleveli araferia-daZlie kompleqsebi
da am dros is iketeba sakuTar samyaroSi, misi siarulis
damaxasiaTebeli manerac ki mokrZalebulia. aseTi mozardi
zogjer piriqiT gamoxatavs Tavis gaucxoebas, ara iketeba
da iTrguneba, aramed sxvebisgan gamorCeulad, Tamamad da
SeiZleba iTqvas, Tavxeduradac ki iqceva. cdilobs, damalos, rom aqvs kompleqsi da piriqiT-zedmeti gamorCeulobiT, Cacmis stiliT, gadaWarbebuli manerebiT iqceodes.
mozardebs akompleqsebs ojaxuri garemoc. is aanalizebs
cxovrebiseul problemebs, swavlobs masTan gamklavebas da
xvdeba, ojaxuri areuloba ramdenad did zians ayenebs mis
fsiqikas. cxvenia sakuTari Tavis, mSoblebis da Tavs Tvlis
ukidures adamianad _ swored am dros aris saSiSi, rogor
ganviTardeba misi momavali.
Zalian didi roli aqvs fsiqologs mozardTa kompleqsebis daZlevaSi. aseTi SemTxvevebSi pararelurad unda imoqmedos dedam, ojaxma, pedagogma, ufrosma da rac mTavaria
fsiqologTan unda damegobrdnen mozardebi da calke kompleqsad ar unda Camoiyalibon masTan urTierToba.
sasurvelia, fsiqologTan gaiaron konsultaciebi Tavad mSoblebmac, romlebzec bevri ram aris damokidebuli.
da bolos, axalgazrdebma sworad unda gaanalizon TavianTi survilebi, miznebi, martivad unda Sexedon problembs, romelic mocemul situaciaSi aqvT da problemebis gadaWris gzaze ifiqron.
aucilebelia, sazogadoebasTan axlo kavSiri, sulieri
moZRvris darigebis mosmena, sxvadasxva gasrTobi Tu mniSvnelovan RonisZiebebSi CarTuloba da kidev da kidev, mimaramas garda, saqarTveloSi aqtualuri
Ton fsiqologs. aucileblad imoqmedebs dadebiTad da komproblemaa Warbi wona, gogona Tavs e.w
pleqsebis daZleva gacilebiT advili aRmoCndeba.”aRniSna
maxinjad Tvlis, roca sinamdvileSi
qalbatonma qeTevanma.
mSvenieria.
vfiqrob Zalian saintereod gvesaubra qalbatoni qeTeaseve arsebobs kompleqsebi mozardebSivan qoClaZe da imedi maqvs misi saubari giCvenebT swor gzas,
roca is Tavis wreSi, klasSi, amxanagebSi
dagexmarebaT kompleqsebis daZlevaSi, migaxvedrebT, rom
ver imkvirdebs Tavs, aris Semoqmedi da
fsiqologTan siarulSi samarcxvino araferia., piriqiT,
scxvenia amis gamoxatvis
fsiqologi gexmareba, gimartivebs cxovrebas.
daZlieT kompleqsebi, moixseniT daZabuloba da datkradgan eSinia garSemo myofebis reaqciis, aqvs gansxvave- biT cxovrebiT! ar dagaviwyddeT miuxedavad yvelafrisa cxbuli azri da ar ambobs, fiqrobs, ver miiRebs sxva sworad ovreba mSvenieria!
ven vibadebiT, vizrdebiT, vviTardebiT, gavdivarT
ramdenime etaps sanam srulyofilad CamovyalibdebiT. adamianis CamoyalibebaSi ki bevri garemoeba
TamaSobs did rols, gadamwyveti etapi ki pirovnebis
srulyofaSi mozardobis periodia, romelsac axlavs
mTeli rigi siZneleebi, romelTa gamovlinebac periodulad
aisaxeba mozardze. pirveli-es gaxlavT kompleqsebi.
imis gasarkvevad Tu ra iwvevs mozardebSi kompleqsebs?
ra da ra saxis kompleqsebi arsebobs? rogor unda daZlion
mozardebma isini? rogor unda moiqcnen mSoblebi? ra wvlili miuZRvis kompleqsebis daZlevaSi fsiqologs? rogor
unda moiqcnen axalgazrdebi? Cven fsiqologs, qalbaton
qeTevan qoClaZes gavesaubreT.
qalbatonma qeTevanma amomwuravad upasuxa Cvens kiTxvebs. axla SemogTavazebT am intervius: “arsebobs sxvadasxva
saxis kompleqsebi. mozardebSi kompleqsebis gamoxatulebis
erT-erTi mizezi gardatexis asaks ukavSirdeba.
bunebrivia, organizmis Camoyalibebisa da ganviTarebis
procesSi Tavs iCens saxis kanis diferenciacia, Semawuxebeli
gamonayari an zogjer areuli nakvTebi, rac vizuals etyoba
da Cndeba kompleqsi-amasTan erTad, sxeuli icvlis formebs,
kvebisadmi Warbi moTxovnileba maT garegnobaze aisaxeba-es
gogoebis problemaa ZiriTadad, roca sasurvel garegnobas
ver iZenen da uWirT samosis morgeba, im samosis romelic Txeli da daxvewili aRnagobis qalbatonebs amSvenebT.
C
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360 /#8
aRmoCena
~Tuki ufrTebod
daibadeT, nu
SeuSliT xels maT
zrdas`!~ “
koko Saneli, madmuazeli, romelmac samkervalo saqme xelovnebis donemde aiyvana, dasawyisSi ki sakuTari xelebis, qinZisTavisa da makratlis garda araferi hqonda. koko
Sanels aranairi kavSiri ar hqonia arc kulturasTan, arc xelovnebasTan. yvelaferi
rac man Seqmna, mxolod misi niWis damsaxureba iyo.
misi saxelia _ Tako, gvari _ goCitaSvili. 20 wlisaa da misi cxovreba namdvilad
mogagonebT koko Sanelis istorias. gaicaniT, gTavazobT masTan intervius:
mariam xuciSvili
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aRmoCena
~Tuki ufrTebod daibadeT,
nu SeuSliT xels maT zrdas~
- Tako riT daiwyo Tqveni xelovnebiT gataceba?
- bavSvobidan moyolebuli, garTobis mizniT sul vqargavdi. Semdeg daviwye aqsesuarebis keTeba. roca quCaSi gavdiodi Cemi namuSevriT, ar arsebobda vinmes ar gaveCerebine
kiTxviT _ sad iyide gogoni, ra lamazia, rac Zalian maxarebda
da did stimuls maZelvda da ufro da ufro mets vakeTebdi.
bolo dros Zalian gadmorTuli var am saqmeze, erT rames
rom daviwyeb miyvars bolomde miyvana, SemiZlia dilidan
saRamomde Seusveneblad vakeTo ise, rom ar daviRalo.
- ZiriTadad ra masalas iyenebT samkaulebis Seqmnisas?
- dizaineoba Zalian rTuli prrofesiaa. yvelasgan gansxvavebuli rom iyo, amisTvis saWiroa ucxoeTidan masalebis
Camotana, samwuxarod me ver vaxerxeb wasvlas magram megobrebs, axloblebs sul CamoaqvT CemTvis. myavs dizaineri megobari (nino lursmanaSvili), romelic sul mCuqnis Zvirfas
qsovilebs, bewveuls. ZiriTadad bunebriv, xarisxian masalas viyeneb. aseve TbilisSi vici ramdenime maRazia, sadac
patara Tvlebs, biserebs vyidulob. SeiZleba erTi SexedviT
sruliad gamouyenebeli nivTisgan ulamazesi aqsesuaris Seqmna, mTavaria mondomeba.
- ufro xSirad romel aqsesuarebs akeTebT?
- TiTqmis yvelafers: yelsabamebs, samajurebs,sayureebs.
aseve vqmni tansacmlis modelebsac, ukve ramdenime maqvs
dagrovili. ZiriTadad aqsesuarebze var koncetrirebuli,
magram vcilob nel-nela samossac mivxedo. vkerav kabebs,
Sortebs, maisurebs. Cemi megobrebi siamovnebiT irgeben Cems
Sekeril tansacmels.
- gamofenebSi an raime CvenebebSi Tu migiRiaT monawileoba?
- 1 Tvis win mqonda pirveli gamofena-gayidva SeratonSi.
ar velodi, Tu amxela mowonebas daimsaxurebda Cemi namuSevrebi. marTalia, Zalian gamixarda, magram mainc guli mw-
ydeboda, menaneboda gasayidad yvelaferi. rogorc wesi, ori
erTnairi aqsesuari erTroulad arasdros ar maqvs, amitom
bevr stumars guli dawyda, Semdeg damikavSirdnen, miviRe
SekveTebi, gavakeTe da gavyide.
- sakmaod soliduri Tanxa Rirs Tqveni aqsesuarebi, ZiriTadad ra kategoriis xalxi yidulobs?
- Cemi megobrebi, nacnobebi da sruliad ucxo xalxi
mikveTavs samkaulebs, zogs TavisTvis unda, zogs saCuqrad.
myidvelebis simcires namdvilad ar vuCivi. Tavidan Zalian
dabal fasebSi vyiddi yvelafers. dRes rasac vqmni, pirvel
rigSi dizainerebi naxuloben, mifaseben da mere vTanxmdebiT gasayid fasze.
- rogorc vici sruliad gansvavebul profesias euflebiT ?
- arasdros, aranairi Sexeba ar mqonia xelovnebasTan, Tu ar CavTvliT bolo 3-4 wels. mindoda samxatvro akademiaSi Cabareba, magram ver
movaswari am ganxriT momzadeba. yvelas ukvirs,
roca igeben rom maTematikurze vswavlob, marTalia vapireb Cemi profrsiiT muSaobas, magram
Cem Tavs da momavals ufro am sferoSi vxedav.
ra samomavlo gegmebi gaqvT?
modis kvireulSi (fashion week) viReb
monawileobas, sadac iqneba gamofena-gayidvac,
magram me ar gavyidi Cems namuSevrebs, radgan
minda movagrovo yvelaferi maisis personaluri
gamofenisTvis, sadac tansacmelebsac gamovfen.
didi gegmebi da SemoTavazebebi maqvs da imedia
yvelafers ganvaxorcieleb.
- warmatebebs gisurvebT!
- didi madloba. 20 maiss, kavkasiur saxlSi, yvelas gelodebiT Cems personalur
gamofenaze.
kvali
0
180 -iT ukan
brZolis veli saqarTvelo
ana muqaTariZe
~
`
imis magivrad rom saqarTvelo wynarad da mSvidad
momzadebuliyo da konkretuli problemebi gadaeWra, raTa
ukeT momzadebuli Sexvedroda damoukideblobas, man gaaswro
movlenebs da bolos moxda is rac moxda
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kvali 180 gradusiT ukan
brZolis veli
9
m
TariRi,
romelmac
Secvala
istoria
ïðîòäò
arvalsaukunovani
istoria,
Tavisuflebisaken
swrafva, samSoblos siyvaruli, Tavdadeba... es
yvelaferi Cvens qveyanas, Cvens ers axasiaTebs, ers
romelsac araerTxel gauwiravs Tavi samSoblosaTvis.. da mainc ra aris an vin aris eri? eri es aris
socialuri, moazrovne, politikuri, mwarmoebeli, religiuri da rac mTavaria kulturisa da istoriis erTaderTi
namdvli subieqti, romlis erovnuli Semoqmedebis mTavari
Sinaarsi Tavisuflebaa. qarTvelma xalxma ki yovelTvis kargad icoda Tavisuflebis fasi, romelic Cveni qveynisaTvis
yovelTvis maRali iyo, icoda misi tkbili gemo da SeigrZnobda im saamo surnels, romliTac mZafrad iyo gaJRenTili haeri. axla me kidev erTxel gadavSli saqarTvelos istoriis
furclebs da 1989 wlis 9 aprils gavixseneb, rac yovelive
zemod Tqmulis erT-erTi TvalsaCno magaliTia.
sabWoTa ruseTi, dabyrobili saqarTvelo, ukve sainteresoa da modi daviwyoT. vici rom es istoria mravaljer
mosmenili Tu wakiTxuli gaqvT, amitom mokled mogiyvebiT
Tu ra xdeboda 1989-is aprilis Tves saqarTveloSi. jer
kidev martSi gavrcelda informacia, rom sofel linxSi
Catarda kreba, sadac antiqarTulad ganwyobilma afxazebma
Seadgines peticia sabWoTa kavSiris komunisturi partiis
centraluri komitetis saxelze, riTac isini moiTxovdnen
saqarTvelos Semadgenlobidan gasvlas da ruseTTan SeerTebas. am faqtis gaxmaurebam vnebaTaRelva gamoiwvia, rogorc
soxumSi aseve TbilisSic. 3 aprils soxumis centrSi didi
mitingi gaimarTa. sadac sityviT gamovidnen merab kostava,
irakli baTiaSvili, irakli wereTeli da a.S. aqve gadawyda rom 4 aprilidan masobrivi aqciebi gaimarTeboda TbilisSi, rusTavelis gamzirze. am aqciis mizani ki afxazeTSi
mcxovrebi qarTvelebisaTvis solidarobis gamocxadeba da
lixnis Sekrebis organizatorebis dasja unda yofiliyo.
dedaqalaqSi saprotesto aqciebi “ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebis” TaosnobiT daiwyo. am aqciam garkveuli Sedegi gamoiRo, radgan imJamindeli kompartiis saolqo komitetis
pirveli mdivani boris adleiba gaaTavisfles, es garkveul
wilad lixnis peticiis avtorebis dasja iyo. “ilia WavWavaZis sazogadoebam “ aqciis daSla gadawyvita, Tumca am
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360 /#8
droisaTvis isini situacias veRar akontrolebdnen, gadawyvetilebebs ukve erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis
radikalurad ganwyobili liderebi iRebdnen. maTi moTxovna ukve saqarTvelos damoukidebloba iyo. ra Tqma unda,
es ruseTis xelisuflebisaTvis yovlad miuRebeli iyo, amitom 1989 wlis 9 aprils gamTeniisas, maSin rodesac moSimSileebis dasjis gadawyvetileba ukve miRebuli iyo, arc
aqciis monawileebma da arc organizatorebma ar gaiTvaliswines saqarTvelos kaTalikos patriarqis Txovna qaSueTis taZarSi salocavad gadanacvlebis Sesaxeb. ruseTis
sadamsjelo razmebmac ar daayovnes da aqciaze Sekrebil
sazogadoebas sastikad gauswordnen. sul daiRupa 21 moqalaqe, maTi umetesoba qalebi iyvnen, maT Soris skolis moswavleebic. Aseve iyvnen daWrilebic, daudgeneli qimiuri
nivTierebiT ki moiwamla 2000-mde adamiani. am tragikuli
istoriis zustad ori wlis Tavze saqarTvelos uzenaesma sabWom zviad gamsaxurdias TaosnobiT damoukideblobis aqti miiRo. 9 aprili saqarTvelos itoriaSi rogorc
tragediis, aseve saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenis
dRed Caiwera.
1989 wlis 9 aprilTan dakavSirebiT gavesaubre istorikos valeri vaSakiZes, romelmac Zalian sainteresod Camoayaliba sakuTari azri. man aRniSna rom, misTvis 9 aprili
glovis dRea da dasZina, rom im dros sabWoTa kavSiri ukve
ngrevis gzaze iyo damdgari, xolo erebi romlebsac surdaT
damoukideblobis miRweva, qarTvelebisagan gansxvavebiT sxvanaerad iqceodnen, saqmes akeTebdnen, magaliTad baltiisprelebi emzadebodnen da elodnen imperiis dangrevas, es
procesi ki imdenad Rrma iyo rom gonieri adamianis Tvali
amas advilad SeamCnevda. saqarTveloSic iyo garkveuli
jgufi adamianebisa romlebic am yvelafers xedavdnen, Tumca qarTvelebma mainc gaaswres movlenebs. rogorc batoni
valeri aRniSnavs igi Tavad ar iyo momxre 9 aprilis aqciebis im saxiT gagrZelebisa, romelic man bolos miiRo, magram
is ar ixsnis araviTar pasuxismgeblobas da acxadebs, rom TiToeuli maTgani visac ki maSin Wkua moekiTxeboda damnaSavea
imaSi rac moxda. imis magivrad rom saqarTvelo wynarad da
mSvidad momzadebuliyo da konkretuli problemebi gadaeWra, raTa ukeT momzadebuli Sexvedroda damoukideblobas,
man gaaswro movlenebs da bolos moxda is rac moxda. valeri
~
Zalian didi pasuxismgebloba
ekisrebaT organizatorebs, amitom
TiToeul maTgans vinc ki dRes
cocxali darCa unda esmodes,
rom is moTxovnebi romlebsac
maSin ayenebdnen gaxda safuZveli
datrialebuli tragediisa- acxadebs
valeri vaSakiZe
`
kvali 180 gradusiT ukan
45
i saqarTvelo
vaSakiZe axsenebs sazogadoebas, rom 9 aprili daiwyo “ilia
WavWavaZis sazogadoebam” 4 aprils da moTxovnebi exeboda
afxazeTis problemebis mogvarebas , romelic maSindel xelisuflebas met-naklebad xelewifeboda, amis Semdeg partiebis erTma nawilma daayena sruliad afsurduli moTxovna, am moTxovnaSi batoni valeri gulisxmobs Semdeg Teziss
“damoukidebel saqarTveloSi yvela problema TavisTavad
mogvardeba” da aqve aRniSnavs, rom TavisTavad arc erTi
problema arasodes arsad ar wydeba. amas mohyva gadaWarbebuli moTxovnebi, Semdeg ukve egzaltacia, patriarqis
moTxovnis ugulvelyofa, es yvelaferi ki damTavrda tragikulad. daiRupnen adamianebi maT Soris absoluturi umravlesoba qalbatonebisa, amitom batoni valeri fiqrobs rom
dRes rodesac gavida garkveuli periodi Cven unda gveyos
sindisi da namusi da vaRiaroT rom es iyo Secdoma. es iyo
naCqarevi da gadaWarbebuli moTxovnebis dayeneba, romlis
dakmayofilebis Sansic ar arsebobda im droisaTvis, Tumca
es sruliadac ar ayenebs Crdils 9 aprilis monawileebs, adamianebs romlebis iq idgnen da marTlac gulwrfelad sjerodaT imisa, rom am aqciis Sedegad SeiZleboda damoukideblobis miRweva, magram Zalian didi pasuxismgebloba ekisrebaT
organizatorebs, amitom TiToeul maTgans vinc ki dRes
cocxali darCa unda esmodes, rom is moTxovnebi romlebsac
maSin ayenebdnen gaxda safuZveli datrialebuli tragediisa- acxadebs valeri vaSakiZe.
ai asea qarTvelebo, kidev mravali mosazreba arsebobs
9 aprilTan dakavSrebiT, xSirad kamaToben, aqvT gansxvavebuli azrebi magram aravin kamTobs im erTaderTze rac namdvilad viciT, rom WeSmaritia,. es aris im Tavganwirul xalxTa
guliscema, romlebic rusTavelis gamzirze idgnen. es yvelaferi maTTvis Zalian Rrama iyo, maT swamdaT, maT uyvardaT TavianTi samSoblo, sqarTvelo da amitomac gamalebiT
uZgerdaT guli, zogis gamalebuli guliscema iqve Sewyda
samudamod, zogis mogvianebiT, zogi ki axlac feTqavs, Tumca rogorc ar unda yofiliyo yvelani maSin Cveni samSoblos
guli iyvnen, Cveni samSoblos sisxli, sisxli romlmac gaamravla qarTveli eri da dRes mec, Senc da yvela qarTveli kvlav Cveni qveynis guli varT, guli romelmac samudamod gamalebiT, unda ifeTqos Tu Cven gavCerdebiT, gaCerdeba Cveni
qveyanac.
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46
kvali 180 gradusiT ukan
1978 - 14 aprili
Cven SevcvaleT!
ana muqaTariZe
xla me weras viwyeb, ufro sworad jer vfiqrob, momwydari azrebi exeTqebian kedlebs da lamoben sufTa
haeris CasunTqvas, cdiloben amoxeTqon sityvebad
miZinebuli ujredebidan da amas axerxeben kidec. daiwyo... da vaxsene azrebi, sityvebi... es yvelaferi adamianTa komunikaciis saSualebaa, saSualeba romelsac sxvagvarad ena hqvia. ena romliTac erTmaneTs vesaubebiT, azrebs
vuziarebT, siyvaruls vuxsniT, ena romelic Cveni yoveldRiurobis nawilia, is Cvenia, CvenSia. rogor SeiZleba adamians
ar uyvardes sakuTari ena, es warmoudgenelia. ena qveyanas
ufro aZlierebs, miTumetes maSin rodesac Seni sakuTari
ena da damwerloba gagaCnia. Tu mters surs rom sabolood
gaganadguros, rogorc saxelmwifo man pirvelrigSi unda
gaanadguros, daakninos Seni ena. swored es swadda ruseTis
xelisuflebas odiTganve Tavdapirvelad 1801 wels saqarTvelos ruseTis mier okupaciis Semdeg, qarTuli rogorc
saxelmwifo ena akrZalulad iTvleboda.
a
XIX saukunis 60-ian wlebamde saqarTvelos
yvela saswavlebelSi, maT Soris, sasuliro
seminariaSic, swavla rusul enaze
mimdinareobda.
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360 /#8
1918 wels damoukideblobis gamocxadebis Semdeg
qarTulma enam aRidgina saxelmwifo enis statusi, Tumca
gasabWoebis Semdeg qarTuli enis saxlemwifoebrivi statusi arsad dafiqsirebula. igi mxolod 1936 wlis sabWoTa
konstituciiT ganisazRvra, Tumca 1978 wlis 14 aprils sabWoTa xelisuflebam moisurva saqarTvelos konstituciidan
gamqraliyo muxli saqarTvelos saxelmwifo enis Sesaxeb,
radgan kremlma sabWoTa ruseTSi erTi enis, rusulis gamocxadeba gadawyvita. am ideis avtori imJamindeli kompartiis
centraluri komitetis pirveli mdivanis-eduard SevardnaZis TqmiT, sabWoTa kavSiris centraluri komitetis meore
mdivani mixeil suslovi iyo. amis Semdeg daiwyo seriozuli
moZraoba qarTuli enis gadasarCenad. am moZraobas saTaveSi
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo universiteti Caudga studentebis
TaosnobiT da 14 aprils, rodesac sabWoTa saqarTvelos umaRles sabWos unda daemtkicebina konstitucia, romelSic
unda gamqraliyo muxli mSobliuri enis saxelmwifo statusis Sesaxeb, rusTavelis prospeqtze uamravma adamianma moiyara Tavi, romlebis ganmsWvalulni iyvnen im suliskveTebiT
rom daecvaT saxelmwifo ena, sazogadoebam daZlia SiSi da
erT muStad Seikra.
kvali 180 gradusiT ukan
am aqciam, romlis organizatorebic,
rogorc aRvniSne studentebi iyvnen
ruseTis xelisufleba aiZula
daekmayofilebina momitingeTa
moTxovnebi, xalxis mRelvareba
imdenad didi iyo sanam Tavad eduard
SevardnaZe ar gamovida da ar ganacxda,
rom konstituciaSi darCeboda muxli
mSobliuri enis saxelmwifo statusis
Sesaxeb aqciis monawileebi ar daiSalnen.
ai ase SeinarCuna xalxma qarTuli ena, swored enis mniSvnelobaze, qarTuli enis mdgomareobaze vesaubre, profesors, filologs cira barbaqaZes, romelmac interviuSi
aRniSna, rom enas nebismieri qyvenisaTvis didi mniSvneloba
aqvs, radgan ena aris adamianis TviTgamoxatvis saSualeba da
nebismier adamains es Wirdeba.
47
unda ganaviTaros, Cven yvelaze didi
kapitali varT, romelic xelisuflebam
unda daabandos, Cven yvelaze didi
aRmoCena varT, romelic mecnierebam unda
gamoikvlios, Cven yvelaze didi movlena
varT, romelic istoriam unda Seafasos,
Cven yvelaze didi almasi varT, romelic
mWedelma briliantad unda aqcios, Cven
nayofi varT, romelic saqarTvelos miwaSi
myarad fesvgadgmulma xem moisxa, Cven
imedi varT, romelic Cvenma winaparebma
datoves, Cven sicocxle varT, romelic
STamomavlobas unda mivceT da bolos
Cven samyaros mamoZravebeli Zala varT
da arasodes ar unda dagvaviwydea Tu
movindomebT Cven aucileblad SevcvliT!
qalbatonma ciram aseve aRniSna, rom dRes
qarTuli ena aris imave mdgomareobaSi ra
mdgomareobaSic aris qarTuli cnobiereba,
qarTuli cnobiereba ki misi azriT Zalian
mZime mdgomareobaSia
ena arsebobs imisaTvis rom gamoxatos cnobiereba, gamoxatos azrovneba. aqedan gamodis rom ena aris meoradi, mTavaria azri, anu yvela adamianis ena aris iseTi rogor azrebsac atarebs is, Sesabamisad enis gamomsaxvelobis Zala
vlindeba swored individebis mier eniT gamoTqmul azrebSi. qalbaton ciras vesaubre im Temis Sesaxebac rac Zalian
aqtualuria dRes Cvens qveyanaSi, es aris inglisurenovani
warwerebi. romlebsac Cveni quCebis didi nawili ukavia, qalbatoni ciras azriT mxolod es warwerebi aranaer safrTxes
ar uqmnis qarTul enas, safrTxes enas uqmnis TviTon qarTveli, ra Tqma unda, kargia, rom am warwerebis gverdiT iyos
Sesabamisi qarTulenovano warwerebi, magram es yvelaferi
garegnuli mxarea. man kvlav xazi gausva imas rom mTavaria
is azrebi romlebsac Cven vatarebT, mxolod amis Semdeg vaformebT am azrs enis saSualebiT. qalbatoni cira aRniSnavs, rom gamosavali aris Zalian martivi da amavdroulad
Zalian rTuli. amisaTvis mTavaria Cven miviRoT codna da
ganaTleba rac gaafarTovebs Cvens cnobierebas, amasTan erTad unda Seiqmnas qarTul enaze mxatvruli nawarmoebebi da
rac mTavaria ena unda iqces siyvarulis gamoxatvis saSualebad da ara siZulvilis, amitomac is ena romelzec ukeTesad
gamoiTqmis ,sikeTe siyvaruli da is cnebebi romelic Rirebulebas warmoadgens adamianisaTvis viTardeba. yvelafer
amasTan erTad enis ganviTarebis mTavari safuZveli ki mainc
fiqri da azrovnebaa-dasZens qalbatoni cira.
statiis bolos me minda erT mniSvnelovan
faqtze gavamaxvilo yuradReba, ukve
ramdenjerme aRvniSne rom deda-enis
dRis mTavari iniciatorebi studentebi,
axalgazrdebi iyvven, amitom minda rom
mudam gvaxsovdes ra Zala gvaqvs Cven
axalgazrdebs, unda vibrZoloT Cveni
uflebebis dasacavad da samarTlianobis
aRsadgenad.. Cven momavali varT, romelic
Cven unda SevqmnaT, Cven Cveni qveynis
potenciali varT, romelic sazogadoebam
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48
axalgazrduli politika
0
360 /#8
memkvidreoba
qarTuli ena – kidev riTia igi gamorCeuli
``qarTuli ena aris qarTvelTa
RvTaebrivi saunje``
ilia WavWavaZe
rubrika
50
memkvidreoba
qarTuli ena
kidev riTia igi gamorCeuli
neli SavlaZe
ena adamianisa da eris identobis umniSvnelovanesi maxasiaTebelia.
swored misi wyalobiT, amyarebs komunikacias adamiani sxva adamianebTan da
axdens sakuTari grZnobebis, gancdebis, Sexedulebebisa da damokidebulebebis gadmocemas. Dda rodesac adamiani sakuTar enas srulad flobs, maSin
mas SeuZlia sworad metyveleba, rac
aucileblad daexmareba dasaxuli miznebis miRwevaSi.
msoflio Zalian did interess
gamoxatavs saqarTvelos mimarT da es
gasakviri arc aris, Cven xom uZvelesi
istoriis, damwerlobisa da kulturis
matarebeli eri varT. mTavaria, es
Cvenc kargad gvaxsovdes! am yvelafris
bolomde wvdoma ki uwinares yovlisa
qarTuli enis Seswavlas moiTxovs. es
ki Zalian rTulia im adamianebisTvis
vinc msgavsi saxis gamokvlevebze muSaobs, radgan enis kargad codnis gareSe
Znelia Rrma da seriozuli daskvnebis
gakeTeba. amitom, imedi viqonioT, rom
male Zalian mniSvnelovani gaxdeba
qarTvelologTa ricxvis gazrda.
exla ki modiT, patara eqskursi
CavataroT da vnaxoT ra faqtebs
Tvlian sainteresod Cveni enis
Sesaxeb msoflioSi.
• msoflio rekordebis
wignSi Sevida erTi
qarTuli sityva ‘’vbrdRvniT’’, romelic
miyolebiT erTdroulad 7
Tanxmovans Seicavs.
• miiCneven rom Targmna
qarTuli enis martivi
ar aris. mizezi is
gaxlavT, rom qarTuli
Sedis qarTvelur enaTa
jgufSi, romelSic
specialuri fonetikuri
principebia miRebuli.
gansakuTebuloba
imaSi mdgomareobs, rom
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360 /#8
Tanxmovnebis SekavSireba, gamouTqmelia sxva enaze
mosaubreTaTvis, magaliTisTvis isev aviRoT sityva
brdRvni.
• qarTulma enam Tavisi arsebobis manZilze gamoicvala 3
alfabeti.
• gvarebis daboloebebis mixedviT(-Ze, -Svili, -ia, -ava)
SesaZlebelia gamoicno, saqarTvelos romel regionSi
aris mocemuli gvaris samSoblo.
• enis misasalmebel sityvebSi isev inaxeba xelwera
qveynis omiani warsulis, ase mag. ’’dila mSvidobisa’’,
‘’gamarjoba’’(gamarjvebidan).
• qarTulSi ar arsebobs gancalkeveba sqesis mixedviT(он,
она, оно)
da bolos, unda aRiniSnos isic, rom qarTulis Targmnas Zalian afaseben Cvens
droSi. aseve Zalian sainteresoa is faqtic, rom language learning advisor-is
mier SemoTavazebul gamokiTxvaSi ‘’yvelaze lamazi enebi msoflioSi’’ xmaTa sakmaod didi raodenoba xvda wilad qarTul enasac.
msoflio
memkvidreoba
neli SavlaZe
RrublebSi
molivlive saocreba
rubrika
52
msoflio memkvidereoba
warmoidgine irgvliv gamefebuli sruli simSvide da
ferTa harmonia. umzer gasaocar peizaJs unikaluri
da momxiblavi bunebrivi movlenis, romlis analogi
msoflioSi ar arsebobs da xvdebi, rom Zveli
eladis pirdapir SuagulSi imyofebi, sul raRac 80
kilometrSi ki Sengan olimpos mTebia aRmarTuli.
uecrad, geufleba eniTgamouTqmeli mistiurobis
SegrZneba, miTumetes ki maSin, rodesac am yvelafris
nawili xdebi.
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360 /#8
msoflio memkvidereoba
53
es aris saocari adgili samxreT saberZneTSi,
erT-erTi yvelaze vrceli marTlmadidebluri
samonastro kompleqsi - meteora.
qalaq kalambalasTan axlos, sadac mdinare
pineosi Sedis lamaz Tesalonis xeobaSi, pirdapir kldis svetebis Tavze mdebareobs igi. aq
myofs yovelTvis rCeba iseTi STabeWdileba, rom
TiTqos haerSi livlivebdes mTeli kompleqsi.
misi dasaxelebac TargmanSi berZnulidan niSnavs
‘’molivlives haerSi’’.
es saocari adgili udaod unikaluria, rogorc
bunebrivi movlena, romlis analogi ar arsebobs
mTel msoflioSi. aTasobiT kldeebsa da lodebs
Soris, Soridan gamoiyureba rogorc qvis didi
masivi. vuaxlovdebiT ra, uecrad izrdeba Cvens
winaSe, Tavzars gvcems da aRZravs aRtacebas.
mecnierebma daamtkices, rom meteora zRviuri
warmoSibisaa. Zvelad igi wyalqveSa rifebSi mdebareobda da swored amiT aixsneba misi ucnauri
forma.
meteoras istoria imsaxurebs
did yuradRebas. Tanamedrove
TesaloniaSi iqna aRmoCenili
yvelaze Zveli berZnuli
dasaxlebebi. jer kidev
homerosSi vxvdebiT am regionis
troas omSi monawileobis
Sesaxeb cnobebs. swored am
adgilebSi klasikur periodSi
cxovrobda cnobili antikuri
xanis eqimi asklepia, romelsac
Svilebis daxmarebiT hqonda
Seqmnili klinika, Tavisi
pacientebisaTvis. iTvleba, rom
swored, igi iyo pirveli eqimi
antikur xanaSi.
bizantiis periodSi es
regioni gamoirCeoda Tavisi
mZlavri samonastro centriT.
adgilobrivi buneba Zalian
uwyobda xels imas, rom aq
moRvawe mamebs, daetovebinaT
gare samyaro, daeTmoT
yvelaferi da mieZRvnaT Tavi
gandegilobas.
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54
msoflio memkvidereoba
cnobilia, rom XI saukuneSi aq ukve arsebobda gandegilebis sacxovrisebi. es berebi cxovrobdnen gamoqvabulebSi an
momcro keliebSi, dabla ikribebodnen did dResaswaulebze
da kviraSi erTxel saerTo liturgiis Casatareblas.
XIII saukuneSi am adgilas movida gavleniani beri aTanase
agios orosidan, romelmac daaarsa pirveli monasteri kldovan borcvze –platilitosi(qvis bina). mTa Tavisi yvela
ubnis koSkebiT aris aRmarTuli zRvis donidan 619 metri
simaRleze. aTanasem daarqva mas meteori, radgan moisazrebda, rom igi casa da dedamiwas Soris iyo gamokidebuli,
xolo mogvianebiT es saxelwodeba mTis yvela ansambls ewoda.
Uunda aRiniSnos is faqtic, rom berZnebi warmoTqvamdnen mis
dasaxelebas rogorc met-e-ora – zustad Sua bgeraze, modis
maxvili, rac cxadad exmianeba beri aTanases mosazrebas.
daaxloebiT amave periodSi kidev erTi beri – varlaami
gamoCnda, romelmac aaSena aseTive didi monasteri mxolod
kldis mopirdapire mxares. 2000 wlis Semdeg ki es monasteri
gadaecaT Zmebs Teofanesa da neqtaries.
amJamad aq, 6 moqmedi monasteria, ori mamaTa – Rirsi
varlaamis(yovelTa wmindaTa), didi meteora(feriscvalebis),
wminda nikoloz anapavsis(damamSvideblis) da ori dedaTa –
wminda barbaresi(rusanu) da wminda stefanesi.
imisTvis rom miiRo monasterSi Sesvlis ufleba, aucilebelia, akmayofilebde Semdeg moTxovnebs: qalisTvis savaldebuloa grZeli kaba, dafaruli mxrebi da ai, uTavsafrod Sexvla ki SesaZlebelia. Mmamakacebi unda atarebdnen
Sarvals(da ara Sortebs), aseve unda iyvnen dafaruli mxrebiT.
monasters ukavia sakmaod mcire farTobi. mTavar nagebobad iTvleba eklesia, sadac ar aris nebadarTuli suraTebis gadaReba. berebi aq atareben samonastro cxovrebis ZiriTad nawils. maTi mTavari saqmianoba gaxlavT locva. swored
0
360 /#8
ase uaxlovdebian isini RmerTs. zogjer isini 14 saaTis ganmavlobaSic ki kiTxuloben locvebs.
eklesia gaxlavT marTlmadidebluri, imitom rom berZnebi iTvlebian marTlmadidebel qristianebad. radganac
xSirad locvebi didxans grZeldeba da aqaur berebSi asakovnebic imyofebian, eklesiaSi ramodenime skami dgas.
miuxedavad SezRuduli arealisa, monasterSi gaSenebulia
terasebi, sadac moseirne adamians SeuZlia komfortulad
datkbnen xedebiT, romlebic aq, ubralod, gasaocaria!
irgvliv gamefebulia simSvide da uSfoTveloba. suli
Zlivs ikavebs aRtacebas. ase rom rTulia gauZlo cdunebas,
rom rogorc frinvelma ar gaSalo frTebi da ar ifrino am
unikaluri kldeebis avze. swored am momentSi xvdebi, ratom
datoves berebma miwieri cxovreba da gadawyvites darCenili
wlebi am silamazeSi gaetarebinaT. amboben, rom sakuTar monasterSi asuli berebi ukan aRarasodes eSvebian, an Tu Camodian mxolod imitom rom sakvebi produqti da samSeneblo
masalebi SeiZinon. srulebiT gaugebaria, rogor ahqondaT
es yovelive Zvel droSi, radgan kibeebi iq mxolod turizmis
ganviTarebis Semdeg gaCnda. aRsaniSnavia, rom monastris
monaxulebis saSualeba momlocvelebsa da turistebs 1920
wels miecaT, aqamde ki specialuri Tokebis saSualebiT, mxolod dawnuli kalaTis zeviT aweviT da mxurvale locviT,
raTa Toki ar gawyvetiliyo, SeeZloT msurvelebs monasterSi moxvedra. am dros moqmedebda 24 monasteri. Tumca mogvianebiT, saberZneTis xelisuflebis daSvebiT, turistebisTvis es regioni misawvdomi gaxda. didi nawili monastrebis
dixura, moRvawe berebi ki gadavidnen nebayoflobiT aTonis
mTaze, raTa iq gaegrZelebinaT TavianTi RvTismsaxureba,
cnobismoyvareTa Tvalebisagan Sors.
meteora iuneskos msoflio memkvireobis siaSi aris Sesuli.
poezia
baTumeli poetis gza da mizani
msoflio literaturaSi Tavis dasamkvidreblad
sofo cirgaia
axalgazrda, niWieri poeti, levan devaZe, 1993 wlis 1 ivniss, qalaq baTumSi daibada. baTumSive
daamTavra ilia WavWavaZis saxelobis #1 sajaro skola. miuxedavad imisa,rom bavSvobidan Jurnalistobaze ocnebobda, skolis damTavrebis Semdeg, baTumis, SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis saxelmwifo universitetis, qarTuli filologiis, studenti gaxda. mere mixvda, rom ocneba ocnebad
ar unda darCeniliyo da swored amitom, pirveli kursis dasrulebis Semdeg, TbilisSi, saqarTvelos erovnul universitetSi, socialur da politikur mecnierebaTa fakultetze, Jurnalistikaze, ganagrZo swavla,radgan sxva sferoSi,verc warmoudgenia Tavi. miiCnevs,rom filologiaze swavlam,xeli Seuwyo mis Jurnalistur zrdas.
levanis literaturasTan daaxloeba,mexuTe klasidan daiwyo.rogorc Tavad ambobs,amaze
didi gavlena,misma qarTulis maswavelebelma moaxdina. literaturisadmi, Taviseburi axsnaganmarteba aqvs:
`ar vambob,rom literatura Cemi cxovrebis nawilia, radgan is iseTi
organulia, ver warmomidgenia, rogor unda ganixilo, calkeul
ganyofilebad. misi sawyisis povna SesaZlebelia,Tumca, dasasruli
ar aqvs.. adamianebi, erTi didi wignis personaJebi varT,sadac,
mTlianad vekuTvniT mas.rodesac amis gaazreba xdeba, wigns kidev
ufro uaxlovdeba adamiani da did bednierebas ganicdis.me Tamamad
da Tavisuflad SemiZlia vTqva,rom is CemSia da me var masSi, - mTeli
SegrZnebebiT.
leqsebis wera meSvide klasidan daiwyo. manamdec werda,Tumca, poetur teqstebs naklebad.
bavSvobaSi, xumrobiT dawyebulma iumoristulma monologebma,SemdgomSi seriozuli ganviTareba hpova. aWaraSi Catarebul, mxiarulTa da sazrianTa klubebs Soris Cempionati, `pirvelebis”
gamarjvebiT dasrulda, romlis kapitanic – levani iyo.
poetis SemoqmedebiTi ganviTarebis etapi, organizacia `kavkasions” ukavSirdeba.
rubrika
56
poezia
`yvelaferi daiwyo imiT,rom literaturuli klubis wevri gavxdi. klubis
erT-erTi baza, Cemi skola iyo. giorgi gabaiZisa da genri doliZis
xelmZRvanelobiT, igi Zalian swrafad ganviTarda da baTumis sazRvrebsac
gascda. klubSi,wevrebis ricxvi, dRiTidRe matulobda.aWaris maRalmTian
raionebamdec avaRwieT da ase SevqmeniT, erTi didi, literaturuli ojaxi.
vikribebodiT kviraSi erTxel da vixilavdiT sakuTar teqstebs. droTa
ganmavlobaSi,yvelani vxvdebodiT,Tu ra sagrZnoblad vixvewebodiT;
rogor emateboda TiToeuli wevris leqss literaturuli Rirsebebi; rogor
mdidreboda weris teqnika,leqsikuri maragi da a.S...
amas mohyva, mirza gelovanisadmi miZRvnili, grandiozuli saRamo baTumis
Tojinebis TeatrSi. simbolurad,armiis forma gvecva monawileebs. saocari
garemo iyo..yvela piroba iyo Seqmnili imisaTvis,rom msmenels,mirza
bolomde aRmoeCina.”
0
360 /#8
poezia
57
baTumeli poetis gza da mizani
msoflio literaturaSi Tavis dasamkvidreblad
organizacia
`kavkasionis”
damfuZnebelma
da
direqtorma,genri doliZem, amis Semdeg, levans, organizaciaSi gawevrianeba SesTavaza da ase daiwyo maTi megobroba
da TanamSromloba. `kavkasionSi” Zalian bevri, kargi saqme
keTdeba da levanic amayobs,rom am gundis wevria.
levan devaZis leqsebi dabeWdilia sxvadasxva gazeTebsa da
wignebSi.aseve mis leqsebs vxvdebiT literaturul saitebze.
`leqsebis gamofena”, saqarTvelos yvela kuTxes aerTianebs - baTumSi. aq,namdvili, literaturuli zeimi imarTeba.
literaturuli klubis wyalobiT, axalgazrda poeti, swored `leqsebis gamofenaze” aRmoCnda. levanma,
konkursze gadawyvita leqsis gagzavna, mxolod imitom,rom
erTaderT,sando da sufTa konkursad, mas Tvlis saqarTveloSi.
miuxedavad imisa,rom (Tavmdabal Tu Tavis TavSi daurwmunebel) poets, aseulSi gasvlis imedic ar hqonda, erT-erT
nominaciaSi, swored man gaimarjva. levanis leqsma - `gardacvlili sikvdili”, mkiTxvelis simpaTia daimsaxura. :
`gardacvlili sikvdili~
damarcxebuli depresia igrZnoba CemSi,
miquxs siwynare, myudroebiT ganawamebi.
es sikvdilia, damijereT, gulidan ver vSli,
arada, droa am sikvdilis gardacvalebis.
rodis wamskdeba Tvalebidan uazro cremli?
rodis gavxdebi matiane sakuTar Tavis?
gaqra is RmerTi,adre, pativs romelsac vcemdi
da xalxma eSmaks vercxlze isev evaWros lamis.
adamiani ibadeba
filosofosad,
amomivida yelSi ukve amdeni sibrZne.
Cemi sicocxlec SemarTuli TiTqos Tofia,
gasrolac romlis gulis TiTo feTqvaSi vxizne.
Ramea yvelgan, Ramea da rogori Tanac.
ginaxavs RamiT kans giwvavdes sxivebi cxeli?
ar afaseben aranair didsa da mTavars,
sakuTar Tavsac poeziiT Tu veRar Sveli
sad aris azri,RmerTo? vnaxa uRmerToebam.
ase viTom da uimedod rom zizRiT gvmoses.
Cveni surviliT TiTo-TiTod mcneba gvtovebda
da zurgs vaqcevdiT TiTqos Cvengan zurgiT mdgar moses.
me meSinia WeSmaritad im drois RmerTo,
`Semiwyalesac" rom ver getyvi erTxel Tundac da
es erTi magram `erTi" axla imdenad metobs,
ar gagivkirdes aTasobiT sazRvrebs Tu gacda.
iqneb mimixvdiT, rac mindoda meTqva, ar meTqva.
farisevluri aq sityvebis garda mec var da,
poezii uZilobis Zrveni RameTa
da is sikvdili
me romelic gardamecvala.
58
poezia
baTumeli poetis gza da mizani
msoflio literaturaSi Tavis dasamkvidreblad
Semoqmedis xasiaTidan gamomdinare, levan devaZes, werisas, Sesabamisi garemo unda hqondes. gansakuTrebuli da
uCveulo araferi, - wers da kiTxulobs RamiT,anu maSin,roca
yvelas sZinavs da martoa. irgvliv, unda iyos sruli simSvide
da ar awuxebdes araferi,garda sakuTari Tavisa. rogorc
Tavad ambobs, ar moiZebneba adamiani,romelic Seswrebia,
levanis leqsis weris process.
poets, Zalian uyvars jansaRi kritikis miReba. miiCnevs,
rom kompedenturi pirovnebisgan, kritikis mosmenis Semdeg xdeba swored xelovanis daxvewa da zrda. miuxedavad
imisa,rom levani mzadaa personaluri poeziis saRamos Casatareblad literaturuli TvalsazrisiT, mas amis survili
kategoriulad ar aqvs.
da bolos, kiTxvaze, Tu rogor surs, rom icnobdes mas
sazogadoeba, - rogorc warmatebul Jurnalists, Tu poets,
amgvarad pasuxobs:
0
360 /#8
`mirCevnia,rom farTo sazogadoeba
micnobdes rogorc – poet - levan
devaZes. marTalia, Zalian miyvars
Cemi profesia da minda, didi wvlili
Sevitano qarTuli Jurnalistikis
ganviTarebaSi, literaturisadmi
siyvaruls,mainc veraferi Semicvlis. - is
yvelaze da yvelaferze didia.araferia
imaze didi bedniereba,roca msoflio
literaturas,Seni qveynidan emateba
avtori, da miTumetes, Tu es avtori Sen xar
Tavad!”
wignis
prezentacia
hainrix biolis
“klounis TvalTaxedva”
mariam yufaraZe
ermanuli literatura msoflios qveynebis literaturaSi erT-erTi gamorCeuli, rTuli da mravalferovania.
nobelis premiis laureati, hainrix fiodor bioli meoce saukunis klasikosi mweralia,romlis Semoqmedeba msoflio omebis periods ukavSirdeba da moicavs
adamianis cxovrebas mitovebul,naomar samyaroSi. mwerali
sakuTari TvaliT xedavda oms da amitom, mtkivneulad gamoxatavda imdroindeli sazogadoebis warmomadgenelTa ganwyobilebas, maT socialur mdgomareobas.areuloba da qaosi,
romelic meore msoflio omis dros mimdinareobda, kargad
aRwera wignSi “klounis TvalTaxedva”. am wignis wakiTxvis Semdeg SeuZlebelia ar gagiCndes survili isaubro im
droze, germaniis sazogadoebriv cxovrebaze, ganwyobebze,
ojaxur urTierTobebze da a.S
“klounis TvalTaxedva” –ambavi romelsac mwerali gviyveba exeba klouns, xelovan adamians, gansxvavebuli cxovrebiT, ucnauri xedviTa da problemebiT. misi samSoblo germaniis qalaqi bonia, sadac cxovroben fsevdo-morwmuneebi
da mari, romelic klounis erTaderTi sayvareli adamiania.
“mwams,zogierTi cocxali mkvdaria,zogierTi mkvdari ki
cocxali,magram ara im azriT,rogorc es protestantebsa da
kaTolikeebs swamT“. romanSi moTxrobilia klounis adamianebTan urTierTobisa da gancdebis Sesaxeb. Sniri(ase qvia
romanis gmirs) ver egueba adamianebs, romelTan erTadac cxovrobs da epoqas, romelSic uwevs arseboba.
ojaxi sadac is cxovrobs im mdidarTa kategorias miekuTvneba, romelic Svils sasikvdilod imetebs da qaliSvilis samxedro nawilSi gardacvalebas valis moxdad
miiCnevs,imitom rom ebraelebi germaniis mtrebad miaCnia.
hans Sniri xedavs omis Semdgomi sazogadoebis yalb
dogmebs,
moqrTamul, cru moralze agebul eklesias.
g
swored am eklesiam waarTva misTvis arsebuli erTaderTi
„religia“–mari,romelsac kaTolikuri eklesiis damqaSebma
ukanono qorwinebaSi cxovreba momakvdinebel codvad CauTvales, Tavi eklesiisa da RvTis moRalated agrZnobines da
STaagones ciupfners gahyoloda colad.
Cvenma gmirma yvelaferi dakarga, sayvareli qalis dakargvam ki sabolood mouRo bolo, sakuTari Tavis mimarT
gaucxoebas grZnobs iseve rogorc sazogadoebis. miuxedavad misi cinikuri damokidebulebisa yoveldRiuri cxovrebisadmi, masSi Warbadaa aragamxelili sikeTe, faruli adamianoba da usazRvro siyvarulis unari,romelic marisTan
urTierTobaSi naTlad Cans.
hans Snirs erTxel kiTxaven–ra kaci xar sinamdvileSi? is
ki upasuxebs,–klouni var da wamebs vagroveb.marTlac aseTi
iyo is. profesionali klouni,yvelaze araprofesionaluri
rwmeniT.
namdvilad sainteresoa omisdroindeli klounis ucnauri damokidebuleba cxovrebis mimarT da misi TvaliT danaxuli germaniis gacnoba .
rubrika
60
wignis prezentacia
„samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelos (aWara) istoriis
narkvevebis“ me-4 tomis prezentacia
prilis Tve, qarTuli kulturis da eris cxovrebis
asamaRleblad, mniSvnelovani aRmoCnda.
saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTekis sakonferencio darbazSi, wignis „samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelos (aWara) istoriis narkvevebis“ me-4
tomis (1921-1990 ww.) prezentacia gaimarTa.
3 tomi, ukve gamocemulia. SegaxsenebT, rom pirvel tomSi mocemulia samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelos istoriaax.welTaRricxvidan - me-5 saukunemde; meore tomSi - mexuTe
saukunidan - 1878 wlamde; xolo mesame tomSi - 1878 wlidan
- 1921 wlamde.
sul 4 000 cali wignia gamocemuli. TiToeuli tomi - 1
000 egzemplari, - aWaris mTavrobis dafinansebiT.
rogorc prezentaciisas ganacxades, yvelaze rTuli,
swored me-4 tomze muSaoba aRmoCnda.
wigni, profesorma, biWiko diasamiZem, waradgina.
a
„samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelos
(aWara) istoriis narkvevebis“ me-4 tomi
koleqtiuri naSromia. misi Seqmnis
procesSi, monawileobas 14 avtori iRebda,
romelTagan, samwuxarod 4 avtori, wignis
gamocemas, veRar moeswro. igi sakmaod
vrcelia, kerZod ki 650 gverdisgan Sedgeba.
Seicavs 13 Tavsa da 60 paragrafs.
0
360 /#8
tomis redaqtori, profesori - oTar TurmaniZe gaxlavT.
me-4 tomis, erT-erTi Tanaavtori - guram grigoliaa,
romelmac aRniSna, rom es wigni, TaobaTa aRzrdis brwyinvale safuZvelia.
guram lorTqifaniZem ki damswre sazogadoebas sakuTari
survili gaando:
„samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelos
(aWara) istoriis narkvevebis“ me-4 tomi,
saqarTvelos erovnul saxelmwifo
premiaze unda iyos wadgenili, aucileblad.
es wigni, Cveni eris kulturul cxovrebaSi,
araCveulebrivi movlenaa.“
mis winadadebas, erTxmad daeTanxmnen da aRniSnes, rom am
wignis gamocema, Cveulebrivi movlena araa da ase, ubralod,
ar unda Caiaros.
arsebobs idea, rom gamocemuli oTxtomeulidan, Seiqmnas
erTi mTliani tomi (gasagebi,Tanamedrove eniT), rac erovnuli cnobierebis gamdidrebas Seuwyobs xels.
sofo cirgaia
araordinaluri
Teona WiRlaZe
`Worikana~
fexsacmeli
rc ise didi xania,rac kompania Google-ma SeimuSava koncefcia,romelic naTlad aCvenebs yoveldRiurad gamoyenebadi obieqtebis uaxlesi
teqnologiiT integrirebis SesaZleblobebs.
amJamad konferencia SXSW Interactive-ze,man
eqsperimentuli `molaparae fexsacmeli~ waradgina
(Talking Shoe),romelic patrons sizarmacis daZlevasa
da sportuli stiliT cxovrebaSi exmareba.
Google-ma fexsacmeli kompania Adidas-Tan erTad Seqmna. inJinerebis CanafiqriT `molaparake fexsacmeli~
mis mflobels sportulad cxovrebis motivacias uzrdis.fexsecmeli SesaZloa ukmayofilo darCes patronis umoqmedobiT da mas `zarmaci~ uwodos,an SesaZloa
Seuqos aqtiuroba komplimentiT. masze morgebulia
gajetebi,romelsac aqvs unari,gazomos: moZraoba, mimarTuleba da balansi. CaSenebuli mikroprocesori
uerTdeba audio spikers,CamontaJebuli dinamikebi
ki patronTan urTierTobisa da mwvrTnelis funqciis
SeTavsebis SesaZleblobas iZleva.
es aris SesaniSnavi gamogoneba maTTvis, visac sWirdeba regularuli Sexseneba sizarmacis dasaZlevad.
fexsacmeli grZnobs moqmedebasa Tu umoqmedobas da
maTze reagirebs.
`molaparake fexsacmeli~ iyenebs Bluetooth kavSirs
internetTan,muSaobs Google-is rukebis programasTan da rukis meSveobiT zustad adgens mflobelis
a
adgilmdebareobas da mimarTulebas. am kavSiris
gamoyenebiT SesaZlebelia informaciis atvirTva
mflobelis gverdze,sadac mis megobrebs aqvT saSualeba moiwonon qmedeba da gaakeTon sasurveli komentari.
Google-is produqciis marketingis menejeris maik
glaseris gancxadebiT, `molaparake fexsacmeli~ zewolis dros axorcielebs zust azomvas.glaseri ambobs: `rodesac me davrbivar,aqselometris meSveobiT is afiqsirebs wuTSi ramdenjer vabijeb miwaze
da informacias agzavnis veb. gverdze,romelic gvaZlevs saSualebas gavigoT meti fexsacmlis mflobelze.~
sareklamo xelmZRvaneli aman govili Tvlis,rom fexsacmeli aris magaliTi Tu rogor SeiZleba Catardes
eqsperimenti nebismieri saxis obieqtze,Segrovdes
informacia da gakeTdes analizi maTi internetTan
kavSiris meSveobiT.
rubrika
62
araordinaluri
silendi_msoflios yvelaze patara
saxelmwifo
dedaqalaqi–rafs-taueri
mmarTvelobis forma_konstituciuri
monarqia
farTobi_0,00055 km2
mosaxleoba_5adamiani
valuta_silendis dolari
devizi_` Ex mare libertas~ (`Tavisufleba
zRvidan~)
himni_`Ex mare libertas~
saxelmwifo dResaswauli_2seqtemberi
Teona WiRlaZe
silendi-yvelaze
patara saxelmwifo
soflioSi ramodenime geopolitikur erTeuls ar
gaaCnia saerTaSoriso aRiareba,Tumca TiToeuli
maTgani de faqto damoukidebeli mmarTvelobis erTeulebi an saxelmwifoebi arian. erT-erTi aseTi
saxelmwifo warmonaqmnia yofili TavdacviTi platforma, romelic britaneTis sanapirodan 10 km-is moSorebiT, CrdiloeT zRvaSi mdebareobs.arcerT saxelmwifos ar
uRiarebia is,Tumca arc teritoriuli pretenzia gamouTqvams masze.
meore msoflio omis dros britaneTis sazRvao Zalebma
napiris gaswvriv, zRvaSi,TavdacviTi platformebi aages.
erT-erTi maTgani iyo rafs-taueri, romelic britaneTis
teritoriuli wylebis gareT mdebareobda.swored misma
mdebareobam ganapiroba is, rom omis dasrulebis Semdeg xeluxlebeli gadarCa da danarCeni platformebis msgavsad ar
daingra. omis dros rafs-tauerze oras kaciani garnizoni
da sazenito iaraRi iyo ganlagebuli.
1966 wels pensiaze gasulma maiorma roi beitsma da misma
megobarma ronan o’reilim rafs-tauerze gasarTobi parkis
mowyoba gadawyvites.Tumca,megobrebs Soris uTanxmoeba moxda da roi beitsi adgilis erTpirovnul mflobelad iqca.
ronan o’reili Seecada platformis dapatronebas, magram
uSedegod.
roim platformaze piratuli radiosadguri (`Britain’s
m
0
360 /#8
Better Music Station~)ganaTavsa,xolo 1967 wlis 2 seqtembers
suverenuli saxelmwifos Seqmnis Sesaxeb ganacxada da Tavi
mefed (roi I) gamoacxada.
1968 wels britaneTs platformis dakavebis mcdeloba
hqonda,Tumca samefos warmomadgenlebma miaxloebuli sabrZolo katerebi haerSi gamafrxilebeli gasroliT SeaCeres.
daiwyo sasamarTlo procesi rois, rogorc britaneTis moqalaqis winaaRmdeg.
1968 wlis 2 setembers britaneTis sasamarTlom gamoitana istoriuli gadawyvetileba da aRiara, rom es saqme ar
ganekuTvneboda britaneTis iurisdiqcias.
1972 wels silendma daiwyo monetis moWra,xolo 1975
wels miiRo konstitucia,aseve damtkicda saxelmwifo droSa da gerbi.
am patara saxelmwifoSi gadatrialebac ki moxda, romelsac win uZRvoda uTanxmoeba sagareo saqmeTa ministrsa da
mefes Soris.ministrma graf aleqsandr gotfrid axenbaxma
isargebla mefis qveyanaSi ar yofniT, ramdenime holandielTan erTad gadavida platformaze da tyved princi maikli
Caigdo.maikli holandiaSi gadaiyvanes,Tumca man moaxerxa
tyveobidan Tavis daRweva da mamasTan Casvla.
saerTaSoriso normebis dacviT moxerxda ajanyebulis
Sepyroba da xelisuflebis saTaveSi kvlav roi I movida.
sporti
wagebuli futsalis Cempionati da
gundis 7 Tviani wvrTnis Sedegebi
Teona araxamia
saqarTvelos futsalis nakrebi, holandiur roterdamSi gamarTul 2014 wlis
futsalis evropis Cempionatis elitraundSi iRebda monawileobas.sadac, me-6
SesarCev jgufSi, saqarTvelos nakrebi CexebTan ( 1:4) da holandielebTan (3:7)
damarcxda, bolo matCSi, ki, sakmaod, Zlier belarusis gunds mougo angariSiT
5:4. sabolood, qarTvelebma jgufSi me-3 adgili daikaves. finalur etapze gamarjvebuli CexeTi gavida, meore adgilas gasuli holandia, ki, plei ofSi moxvda.
marTalia, saqarTvelos nakrebi Semdgom etapze ver gadavida, magram reitingSi ,
mniSvnelovnad, dawinaurda.
rubrika
64
sporti
wagebuli futsalis Cempionati da
gundis 7 Tviani wvrTnis Sedegebi
olandiidan dabrunebulma saqarTvelos futsalis
erovnuli nakrebis mTavarma mwvrTnelma - avTandil
asaTianma, fexburTelebTan- daviT boboxiZesa da
murTaz kakabaZesTan erTad, mixeil mesxis saxelobis
stadionis mediacentrSi , preskonferencia gamarTa, sadac man Seajera , gundTan erTad ,mTeli 7 Tvis namuSevari, aRniSna maTi realuri Sedegebi, naklovanebebi da
Jurnalistebis mier dasmul SekiTxvebsac upasuxa.
avTandil asaTianma, preskonferenciis dasawyisSi aRniSna, rom wagebis miuxedavad, is ar aridebs Tavs pasuxismgeblobas, amitomac, man Jurnalistebs detalurad gaacno
TamaSebis statistika, da is Sedegebi, rac, gundma aCvena am
7 Tvis ganavlobaSi. Semdeg dasZina, rom Cvens gunds hqonda
ambicia, aseTi Zlieri jgufidan gasvlazec efiqra da es ambicia ar iyo SemTxveviTi,anu mas hqonda realuri Sansic da
mogebisTvisac Tavdauzogavad ibrZodnen , Tumca garkveuli
fsiqologiuri momentebisa da rigi Secdomebis gamo,maT
ver moaxerxes gasvla:
h
„nakrebma, 12 Catarebuli TamaSidan 5
moigo, 5 waago da 2 fre iTamaSa. Cven
qveda divizionidan amovediT zeviT.
elit raundSi, ki, Zlieri gundi dagvxvda.
Tumca, Cven gvqonda imis ambicia, rom
gvefiqra Semdgom etapze gasvlaze.
es , erTgvarad, gundis siZlierezec
miuTiTebda, Tumca, pirvelive TamaSze
wavageT da es , biWebisTvis, fsiqologiuri
barieric aRmoCnda. maT akldaT rwmena,
rom SeuZliaT elitraundSi TamaSi da aman
gamoiwvia bevri Secdomac. es Secdomebi,
erTad gavaanalizeT da ganvixileT, rom
gunds Semdeg TamaSebSi ar gaemeorebina
0
360 /#8
igive. marTlac, mesame TamaSze, Cvenma
gundma, belorusiis nakrebis damarcxebiT,
SeZlo is, rom kari Rirseulad
gaijaxuna. saboloo wagebis miuxedavad,
mniSvnelovania , rom saqarTvelom,
romelic msoflio reitingiT 64-e adgilze
iyo, 13 safexuriT win gadainacvla.“ - Tqva
avTandil asaTianma.
man, aseve, aRniSna nakrebis moTamaSeebis Tavdadeba da
gansakuTrebiT, daviT boboxiZe gamohyo, romelic, Tavisi
qveynis gulisTvis , dawyvetili myesebiT , Tavdauzogavad
ibrZoda gamarjvebisTvis.
preskonferenciis bolos, avTandil asaTianma aRniSna,
rom saqarTveloSi futsals saTanado yuradReba ar eqceva
da yvelas kompetentur pirs sTxova, Tu aqvT SesaZlebloba
daexmaron fexburTelebs, raTa Seuqmnan imis pirobebi, rom
Semdegi turnirebisTvis saTanadod momzadeba SesZlon: „
es 7 Tviani voiaJi dasrulda. uefac gamoaqveynebs, Tu rodis iqneba Semdgei SesarCevi turi. amisTvis, daaxloebiT ,
erTi weli iqneba gamoyofili, Tumca, am xnis ganmavlobaSi,
gaCereba araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba. wlevandelTan
SedarebiT, ufro meti TamaSebi unda moewyos, meti Sekrebebi , rom meti gamocdileba miiRon fexburTelebma. axla Tu
gavCerdiT, es naSromic, yvelaferi, wyalSi Cayrili gamova .
am mxriv, saxelmwifos daxmareba umTavresia, radgan marto
futsali ver SeZlebs mis dafinansebas.“- Tqva avTandil asaTianma da dasZina, rom marto fexburTelebs ki ara, TviTonac
bevri aqvs jer saswavli.apirebs kidec, rom treningebi ucxoeTSi gaiaros da Tavisi codna, SemdgomSi, gundis sasikeToT gamoiyenos. mas imedi aqvs, rom Tu mets imuSavebs da
ivarjiSebs, is Taoba, romelic axla nakrebis birTvs Seadgens, evropisa da msoflio Cempionatepzec moxvdeba.
Hi Tech
socialuri qseli Tu integrirebuli marketingi?
Tabuka cimintia
ark cukerbergma Tavisi produqti msoflio qselSi
gauSva 2004 wlis 4 Tebervals, harvardis erTi patara oTaxidan. marks am saitis Seqmnis idea daebada
mas Semdeg, rac ixila Phillips Exeter Academy-Si yofnis
dros tradicia, romelsac sxva saswavleblebSic
iyenebdnen. yovelwliurad qveyndeboda saxelmZRvanelo,
sadac mocemuli iyo studentebis monacemebi da foto. am
saxelmZRvanelos pirwignaki erqva, saidanac SemdgomSi misma
Seqmnilma socialurma saitma miiRo saxelwodeba facebook.
pirveli pirwignaki man harvardis universitetisTvis Seqmna, risTvisac man universitetis monacemTa baza gatexa da
amis gamo misi universitetidan garicxvis sakiTxic dadga,
magram harvardis studentebis moTxovniT markma isev aRadgina es servisi da cota xanSi TiTqmis studentdebis naxevari daregistrirda, maT am saitze jgufebis TviTorganizebac SeeZloT da TandaTan es saiti popularuli xdeboda
studentebSi. ramdenime TveSi marks analogiuri saitis Seqmnis TxovniT mimarTes stenfordis, kolumbiisa da ielis universitetidan. cukerbergma gadawyvita dasaxmareblad miemarTa Tavisi megobrisTvis dastin moskoviCisTvis,
romelTanac harvardSi erT oTaxSi cxovrobda.
Zalian male misi Seqmnili saiti imdenad popularuli
gaxda, rom man gadawyvita Tavisi produqtisgan biznesi
wamoewyo. markma Tavisi biznesis ganviTarebisaTvis mTeli
danazogi daxarja da roca mixvda, rom damatebiT dafinanseba sWirdeboda, swavla miatova da ramdenime megobarTan
erTad gaemgzavra kaliforniaSi, palo altoSi, inovaciuri
kompaniebis samSobloSi. maT ijariT aiRes patara saxli,
romelic ofisad gamoiyenes. 2004 wlis zafxulis miwuruls
cukerbergma gaicno angariSsworebis sistema PayPal-is erTerTi damaarsebeli piter tili, romelmac molaparakebidan
oTxi saaTis Semdeg cukerbergis kompaniaSi naxevar milioniani investicia ganaxorciela. es ar iyo didi investicia,
m
magram cukerbergma misi gonivrulad gamoyeneba moaxerxa da
Facebook gaafarTova. man palo-altoSi ofisi daiqirava da
gars ramdenime Tanamoazre Semoikriba. cukerbergi apirebda harvardSi dabrunebas, radgan Tavdapirvelad saqme warmatebiT ar midioda, magram sabolood man gadawyvita kaliforniaSi darCena da dRemde ar dabrunebula harvardSi
rogorc studenti. 2004 wlis noemberSi Facebook-is momxmarebelTa raodenobam milions gadaaWarba.cota xanSi isev
piter tilis daxmarebiT cukerbergma Accel Partners-isagan
$12,7 milionis investicia miiRo. 2005 wlis Semodgomaze
Facebook-iT ukve 5 milioni adamiani aqtiurad sargeblobda
da igi internet-sivrcis erT-erTi lideri iyo. aRsaniSnavia, rom marki Zalian gonivrulad moiqca, roca Google-dan
gamocdili menejeri Seril sendbergi moiwvia, romelsac
internet biznesSi seriozuli gamocdileba gaaCnda. 2006
wels Facebook - ma seriozuli novacia danerga. kompaniis
mier gaixsna servisi profesiuli sazogadoebisTvis da
cukerbergis pirveli klientebi „makdonaldsi“ da „ceeru“
gaxdnen. aRsaniSnavi faqtia, rom 2006 wels mark cukerbergma scada gaeyida Tavisi saiti. kompania Yahoo erT miliard
dolars sTavazobda marks, magram bolo momentSi man es gadawyvetileba ar miiRo. kompaniis Stabbina dResac palo altoSia ganTavsebuli, xolo filialebi – msoflios TiTqmis
yvela did qalaqSi: niu-iorkSi, londonSi, moskovSi,
tokioSi...
rubrika
66
Hi Tech
socialuri qseli Tu
integrirebuli marketingi?
forbsis 2010 wlis monacemebiT is $4 miliardis mflobelia da msoflio miliarderebis siaSi 212-e adgils ikavebs,
Tumca yvelaze axalgazrda miliarderia. rac Seexeba misi
kompaniis, Facebook Inc - is Rirebulebis zusti Sefaseba rTulia, radgan marki ar Cqarobs misi kompaniis aqciebis gamoSvebas da birJaze gamotanas. markma uari uTxra Tavisi kompaniis wilis miyidvaze Google-s, magram Semdeg 1.6 % mihyida
Microsoft-s $240 milionad. aqedan gamomdinare SegviZlia vivaraudoT, rom kompaniis mTliani Rirebuleba $15 miliardia,
magram zusti Rirebuleba cnobili gaxdeba, roca axalgazrda biznesmeni Tavisi kompaniis aqciebs birJaze ganaTavsebs.
dRes facebook axal SesaZleblobebs qmnis kompaniebisTvis da konkretulad marketologebisTvis :
socialurma qselma, Facebook-ma, sakuTar momxmareblebs
warudgina axali dizaini, romelsac mark cukerbergma msoflioSi saukeTeso personaluri gazeTi uwoda. siaxlebi warmodgenilia ramdenime mniSvnelovani mimarTulebiT:
gazrdili zomis vizuali
mark cukerbergis gancxadebiT, siaxleebis 50% warmoadgens fotomasalebis resurss, romelic yvelaze metad
iqcevs socialuri qselis sazogadoebis yuradRebas. cvlilebebis mTavari mizezi swored sazogadoebis interesi
gaxda, romlis gaTvaliswinebiTac fotomasala siaxleebis
dafaze axali vizualiT gamoCndeba. vizuali gaxdeba ufro
didi zomis da sazogadoebis met yuradRebas miiqcevs. gazrdili vizuali aseve gaamartivebs momxmareblis mier daxarjuli drois Semcirebis sakiTxs, radgan xSirad fotoebi
imdenad mcire zomis Canda, rom momxmareblebs uxdebodaT
maTi gadideba ukeTesad daTvalierebis mizniT da mere maTi
ukan, mTavar gverdze dabruneba. aseve aRniSnuli cvlileba
gazrdis marketingul efeqts momsaxurebis an produqtebis
warsadgenad.
Tqveni foto gamoCndeba mTlianad siaxleebis sivrceSi
sazogadoebasTan komunikaciis dros sakmaod mniSvnelovania iyo Tqveni sakuTari foto (Cover Photo), magram aRniSnuli cvlilebis Semdeg misi mniSvneloba kidev ufro gaizrdeba. misi dafiqsireba moxdeba mTlianad siaxleebis sivrceSi.
misi mniSvneloba izrdeba da izrdeba Tqveni pozicionirebis saSualeba ufro meti konteqstiT.
dasxva interesTa jgufebis mixedviT: megobrebi, suraTebi,
foteoebi (Friends Feed, a Music Feed, a Photos aRniSnuli siaxleebi Seexeba, rogorc kompiuterul aseve „tabletebs” da mobiluri telefonebis Facebook-gverdebs da aplikaciebs.eed)
da a.S.
aRniSnuli siaxleebi Seexeba, rogorc kompiuterul
aseve „tabletebs” da mobiluri telefonebis Facebook-gverdebs da aplikaciebs.
ra SesaZleblobebs gvaZlevs axali
koncefcia
Facebook-is axali dizaini axal SesaZleblobas iZleva Cveni megobrebidan da brendebisgan ufro STambeWdavi suraTebis, teqstis, rukebis, movlenebis da video masalis gaziarebisa.
rogorc kvlevebi aCvenebs socialur qselebSi vizualuri mxare yvelaze mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs.
cvilelebis Sedegad gaizrdeba brendebisTvis maTi saintereso viazualuri masalebidan klientebTan efeqturi komunikaciis saSualeba. viazualuri masalis momzadebaze da
mis gavlenaze alabaT axali standartebis SemuSaveba gaxdeba saWiro, radgan wina versiisgan gansxvavebiT gavlena ramenime xarisxiT izrdeba.
rogorc Catarebili kvlevebi aCvenebda bolo periodSi
mniSvnelovnad gaizarda momxmareblebis mier zogierT informaciaze vizualuri filtris CarTvis efeqti, rodesac
garkveul informacias ise aTvalierebdnen, rom verc ki amCnevdnen. es erTgvar dacvas warmoadgenda zedmeti arasaintereso informaciidan Tavis dasacavad. axali gazrdili
kategorizacia interesebis mixedviT
zomis vizuali albaT droebiT, magram mainc gamorTavs virtualur filterbs.
mniSvnelovani siaxle iaseve exeba informaciis asaxvas.
aseve mniSvnelovania Tqveni fotos (Cover Photo) swori
informacia aisaxeba, rogorc Zvel versiaSi ZiriTad velze,
arCevani, radgan ramdenjerac Tqven daumegobrdebiT Tu
aseve misi kategoriebis mixedviT arCeva SesaZlebelia sxvamoiwonebT vinmes gverds, Tqveni gverdis Sesaxeb meti informacia ganTavsdeba siaxleebis sivrceSi. Sesabamisad mniSvnelovania rom piradi gverdis vizuali iyos maqsimalurad
mimzidveli da Seesabamebodes Tqveni brendis Sinaarss.
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360 /#8
axalgazrdebi verTiandebiT
360 gradusiT