mitropoliti anania jafariZe
seria: qarTvel mefeTa da wmidaTa cxovreba
wm. vaxtang
cxovreba
s,bkbcb
2004
mefis
wmida mefis `vaxtang gorgaslis cxovreba~ aTaswleulis manZilze saqarTvelos axalgazrdobas zrdida gmiruli suliskveTebiT, mamulisa da moyvasisasadmi Tavdadebis
grZnobiT.
mitropolit anania jafariZis mier Tanamedrove
qarTul enaze gadmoRebuli vaxtang gorgaslis
`cxovrebis~ sruli teqsti Tavdapirvelad gamoqveynda wignSi
`saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria~, amJamad ki
pirvelad qveyndeba damoukidebeli wignakis saxiT.
wigni gankuTvnilia moswavleebis, studentebisa da
farTo mkiTxveli sazogadoebisaTvis.
© anania jafariZe,@2004
ISBN 99940-14-39-0
w mi nd a m ef e va xta ng g o rg as li s
cxovreba
mefe mirdatis datyvevebis Semdeg, sparselebma daipyres
saqarTvelo, garyvnes eklesiebi. qarTvelebma damales jvrebi da yovel eklesiaSi cecxlismsaxurma sparselebma aRagznes
cecxli.
qarTvel mefeTa ojaxi kaxeTis xevSi darCa. sami wlis
Semdeg aRmosavleTidan mtris Semosevis gamo sparsTa mefem
saqarTvelosaTvis ver moicala. maSin SeiTqvnen aznaurebi,
dasves mcxeTaSi mefed mefe Trdatis Ze arCili, romelic
mefe mirdatis Zmiswuli iyo. arCilma moiyvana coli saberZneTidan. man ganacxada sparsTa mtroba. gamoaCina jvrebi
da mokazma eklesiebi. mosres da ganasxes cecxlmsaxurni
saqarTvelos sazRvrebidan. mefes mouvida maSveli Zala saberZneTidan da jvris warZRvanebiT daiwyo sparsTa winaaRmdeg brZola. sparsTa mefis erisTavma, romelic erisTavobda
ransa, movakansa da agreTve qarTlSi arCilis gamefebamde,
Sekriba spa ranisa, movakanisa, adarbadaganisa da gaemarTa
arCilis winaaRmdeg. arCil mefe dauxvda ranisa da qarTlis
sazRvarze - mdinare berdujze. patiosani jvris ZaliT daamarcxa, daxoca da daatyveva mteri, Sevida ranSi da movida
qarTlSi gamarjvebuli. ganavlina qadagi sruliad saqarTveloSi. auwya yvelas `ara Cveni ZaliT, arc simxniT, arc sibrZniT,
arc spis simravliT vZlieT mters, aramed Cveni uflis, RvTis
Zis, ieso qristes ZaliT, romelmac mogvca winamZRvrad da
saWurvelad jvari misi patiosani. axla yovelma qarTvelma
adideT sameba erTarseba, RmerTi dausabamo, yovlis dambadebeli. SewireT madloba da mtkice iyos Tqveni guli wmida
samebis sarwmunoebaze~. da yovelTa qarTvelTa Seswires mad-
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loba RmrTis mimarT da ganaaxles eklesiani. arCil mefem
aaSena mcxeTaSi stefan wmidis eklesia, aragvis karze.
arCils hyavda Ze, romelsac uwoda mirdati. aRizarda is
morwmune da RvTismsaxuri, mamis msgavsad. umetesad ebrZoda
sparselebs, Sedioda da aoxrebda ransa da movakans, radganac
im dros sparsTa mefe ebrZoda indoelebs, sindebsa da abaSebs
da ar SeeZlo didi spis saqarTveloSi gamogzavna, xolo
ranis, movakanisa da adarbadaganis spas qarTvelebi amarcxebdnen, Sediodnen da ipyrobdnen ransa da movakans.
im dros ranis erisTavi iyo barzabodi, is winaaRmdegobas
ver uwevda qarTvelebs da amagrebda cixe-qalaqebs, xolo
ranSi Sesuli qarTvelebi SebrZolebisas mis laSqars mudam
amarcxebdnen.
barzabods hyavda asuli qmnulkeTili da mSvenieri, romelsac erqva sagduxti. es qali Seuyvarda mirdats da qalis
siyvarulisTvis ineba mSvidobis Camogdeba ransa da qarTls
Soris. mirdats SerTes sagduxti, isini samSvildis saerisTavoSi cxovrobdnen, arCilis mefobis dros. am sagduxt dedofalma gamoikiTxa qristes rjuli. misma qmarma mohgvara sjulis
mcodne kacebi, uTargmnes sagduxts Cveni uflis, ieso qristes
saxareba da auwyes mas, rom WeSmariti RmerTi aris qriste,
romelic Cveni xsnisaTvis gankacda.
sagduxt dedofalma gulisxma-hyo da icno WeSmariti
rjuli, datova cecxlismsaxureba, moinaTla da Seiqna morwmune, da aRaSena samSvildis sioni.
arCilis dros gardaicvala sami episkoposi:iona, grigoli da basili. basilis Semdgom arCilma dasva episkoposi,
romelsac erqva mobidani. is iyo ~naTesaviT~ sparseli, aCvenebda
marTlmadideblobas, sinamdvileSi ki iyo urjulo mogvi da
SemSleli wesTa. ver igrZno arCil mefem misi urjuloeba.
mobidanic ar acxadebda Tavis rjuls, aramed farulad werda sacdur wignebs, romelnic Semdgom dawva WeSmaritma episkoposma miqaelma, romelic ganikveTa vaxtang mefis mimarT kadnieri qcevisTvis.
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arCilis Semdeg gamefda misi Ze mirdati. dedofalma
sagduxtma Sva asuli, uwodes saxeli xuaranZe. oTxi wlis
Semdeg Sva Ze da uwoda mas saxeli sparsulad varan-xuasro-Tang, xolo qarTulad vaxtang. vaxtangi aRsazrdelad
moiTxova didi vedrebiT spaspetma saurmagma, misca mas mefem,
rameTu wesi iyo, rom mefeTa Svilebi warCinebulTa ojaxebSi
unda aRzrdiliyvnen. meeqvse wels sagduxtma Sva asuli,
romelsac miranduxti uwodes. mas kaspis spasalari zrdida
qalaq kaspSi. amis Semdeg meore wels mokvda mirdat mefe da
darCa vaxtang Svidi wlis yrma.
sagduxt dedofals SeeSinda, rom mamamis barzabods Suri
ar eZia Tavisi qveynis mooxrebisTvis, qarTlSi ar SemoWriliyo da ar warewymida qristes rjuli. wavida bardavSi,
Seevedra mamamiss, muxlmodrekilma, Tavmoxdilma da ZuZuebamoyrilma cremliT iTxova Sewyaleba. evedreboda ar exsenebina namoqmedari qmrisa da mamamTilisa, Seendo rjulis
datoveba, ar aeZulebina qristes rjulis datoveba, rameTu
igi aris WeSmariti RmerTi, da evedreboda, raTa misi Svili
Tavis mamulSi daetovebina da misi mouravi yofiliyo sparsTa mefis winaSe.
maSin barzabodma, gamzadebulma qarTvelTa borotis
yofisTvis, Seiwyala Tavisi asuli, aRasrula yoveli misi
Txovna, xolo rjulisTvis ase Tqva:`iZulebiT arc erT
qarTvels qristes rjuls ar davagdebineb, magram gavagzavni
Tqvens qalaqebSi cecxlis msaxurebs da iyvnen iq Cveni rjulis episkoposebi, romeli qarTvelic Tavisi nebiT airCevs
Cvens rjuls, mas nu daabrkolebT~.
sagduxt dedofali SiSis gamo daeTanxma. maSin barzabodma mcxeTaSi gamogzavna cecxlismsaxurebi da maTi episkoposi
binqarani. isini dasxdnen mogvTas. barzabodis sikvdilis Semdeg, mis nacvlad sparsTa mefem daadgina varaz-bakuri, Zma
sagduxt dedoflisa. mefem gardacvlili spaspetis, saurmagis, nacvlad daadgina sxva spaspeti, romelsac erqva juanSeri.
5
binqaran, cecxlis msaxurTa episkoposi, qarTvelebs aswavlida Tavis rjuls. man warCinebulTagani veravin Seacdina,
magram wvrili eridan mravali miaqcia cecxlismsaxurebaze.
da Seeria qarTlis wvril ers cecxlmsaxureba. amisaTvis
mwuxare iyo sagduxt dedofali. magram sparsTa mZlavrobis
gamo verafers bedavda. maSin moiyvana saberZneTidan WeSmariti mRvdeli, saxelad miqaeli da daadgina igi zemo eklesiis
episkoposad. rameTu mobidan episkoposi gardacvlili iyo. es
miqael episkoposi winaRudga binqaran macdurs da yovel
qarTvels aswavlida WeSmarit rjuls. aman Tavis rjulze
daayena yoveli warCinebuli qarTveli da eris umravlesobac. magram wvrili eris ecire nawili cecxlmsaxurebaze
miiqca. maSin, roca vaxtangi aTi wlis gaxda, gadmovida osebis
uricxvi spa.2 maT motyvevnes qarTli mtkvris Tavidan xunanamde, magram cixe-qalaqebi ver aiRes, kaspis garda. qalaqi
kaspi Semusres da sami wlis miranduxti, vaxtangis daO, waiyvanes. am dros darCaT warutyvevnelad xevni qarTlisani:
kaxeTi, klarjeTi da egrisi. Cavles rani da movakani, isic
wartyvevnes da darubandis kariT dabrundnen oseTSi.
im dros Semovidnen berZnebi afxazeTidan, rameTu berZnebs
eWiraT egriswylis qvemo qveyana da daipyres berZnebma egriswylidan vidre cixe-gojamde.
maSin Seiqna glova da wuxili yovelTa qarTvelTa da
ityodnen:`ganvamravleT codva RvTis mimarT da ara keTilad vipyariT sjuli qristesi da wesi iovanes mcnebisa.
samarTlianad moawia RmerTma es risxva Cvenze, rameTu migvca
Cven warsatyvevnelad ucxo ers da Cveni sazRvari miitaces
berZnebma, ise, rogorc mefe varaz-baqaris dros klarjeTi.
is varaz-baqaris codviT moiwia, rameTu keTilad ver ipyra
qristes rjuli. xolo es ara Cveni mefeebis codvisagan iqmna,
aramed eris codvisagan, axla Cveni mefe yrma aris da ara
gvyavs winamZRvari, romelic qristes sasoebiT da jvris
winamZRolobiT wargviZRveboda win. magram unda viZioT Cven
Suri pirvelad osebze da Semdgom unda moviZioT berZenTa-
6
gan mitacebuli qarTlis sazRvari~. 3 amas ambobda yoveli
qarTveli da iyvnen did mwuxarebaSi.
vaxtangi izrdeboda da swavlobda miqael episkoposisgan
uflis yovel mcnebas. siyrmidanve Seiyvara qristes rjuli,
qarTlis yovel mefeze ufro metad. magram wuxda imis gamo,
rom qarTli datyvevebuli iyo cecxlmsaxurebis mier, xolo
qarTlis sazRvrebi ki mitacebuli. magram sparsTa mZlavrobis gamo ver acxadebda.
roca vaxtangi TxuTmeti wlis gaxda, mouxmo qarTlis
yvela warCinebuls. yvelani Semoikribnen qalaqSi. mefem gaamzada erTi saxli da dajda maRal saydarze (e.i. taxtze),
spaspeti juanSeri da orive episkoposi agreTve saydrebze
dasxdnen, xolo sxva yoveli erisTavi selebze dasxdnen. aTasisTavebi, asisTavebi da eri fexze idga.
mefem, viTarca moxucebulma da brZenma, da rogorc
filosofosTa Soris aRzrdilma, warmoTqva sityva. mouwoda
osebze SurisZiebisken. es rom sparsTa da berZenTa mefeTagan
mogvsvloda, moviTmendiT, magram imis moTmena, rac Cven mogvawies
osebma, ar SeiZleba, sikvdili sjobs CvenTvisao.
juanSer spaspetma grZeli sityviT mimarTa mefes da uTxra,
Tumca sibrZniT, ZaliT, simxniT da agebulebiT srulyofili
xar, magram mxedrobisTvis arasrulwlovani xar. gamoarCie
erTi vinme CvenTagani spis winamZRvrad, xolo Sen iyav Sin da
ganage mefoba, Sen rom omis dros iZlio, qveyana warwymdeba,
radganac qveyanaze Seni nacvali sxva aravin ariso.
vaxtang mefe ar daeTanxma da TviTve ineba jaris
winamZRvroba. Semoikriba qarTlis spa - 100 aTasi mxedari da
60 aTasi qveiTi. gamogzavna agreTve varazbakurma Tavisi spa 12 aTasi mxedari. SeuerTdnen mas kavkasieli mefeebi 50 aTasi
mxedriT, da waremarTa RvTis saxeliT, ganvlo darialanis
kari da, roca Sevida oseTSi, iyo 16 wlis.
oseTis mefeebma Sekribes TavianTi spa, miiRes agreTve xazareTidan Zalebi da daxvdnen vaxtangs mdinareze, romelic
darialans gaivlis da Cadis oseTis velze. am mdinaresac
7
aragvi4 hqvia, rameTu erTi mTidan gamodis orive:qarTlis
aragvi da oseTis aragvi. orive jarma mdinaris aqeT da iqiT
daibanaka. pirvel Svid dRes mdinareze erTmaneTs bumberazebi
ebrZodnen. ibrZoda erTi xazari goliaTi, saxelad Tarxani.
man qarTveli saxelganTqmuli mebrZoli daamarcxa, romlis
msgavsi jarSi aravin iyo. meore dRes TviT vaxtangi gavida
mis winaaRmdeg. Tarxanma uTxra, me goliaTebs da gamocdil
gmirebs vebrZvi da ara ymawvilebs, magram SenTvis Tavs davimdablebo. mokla is vaxtangma oroliT. meore dRes gamovida
sabrZolvelad bayaTar osi. gamovlo man mdinare da isrebs
esroda vaxtangs. magram vaxtangi Tavisi gonebis simaxviliT,
Tvalis sificxiTa da taiWis sikiskasiT iridebda isrebs, rameTu
Soridanve xedavda momaval isars, xldeboda da simarjviT
mieaxleboda. amier da imier spaTagan iyo cema bukebisa da
dafdafebisa. iZroda xmisagan mTa da borcvi. mohkla xmliT
vaxtangma bayaTari.
qarTvelTa jari gaemzada saomrad:win dadgnen cxenTorosani da jaWv-Cabalaxosani meomrebi. maT ukan qveiTni,
xolo qveiTTa ukan mxedrebi. Zlieri brZolis Semdeg osebi
iZlivnen da gaiqcnen. mravali daatyveves.
daimorCila vaxtangma osebi da yivCaRebi 5 da Seqmna karni
oseTisani, romelsac Cven darialisad vuwodebT, aRaSena masze
maRalni godolni. da maxlobeli mTielebi mcvelebad daudgina.
yivCaRebs da osebs iq gadmosvla aRar SeuZliaT qarTvelTa
mefis brZanebis gareSe.
vaxtangi Sevida paWanikeTSi, rameTu maSin paWanikeTi oseTs esazRvreboda da iqve iyo jiqeTi. mravali drois Semdeg
paWanikebi da jiqebi Turqebma am adgilebidan gandevnes. paWanikebi dasavleTiT wavidnen, xolo jiqebi damkvidrdnen afxazeTis bolos. vaxtangma gamoixsna Tavisi da miranduxti
tyveobisagan da gamogzavna saqarTveloSi darialis gziT, xolo
TviTon qarTvelTa didi spiT wavida afxazeTSi. im dros
berZenTa mefe moucleli iyo sparselebTan brZolis gamo,
amitomac ar SeeZlo vaxtangis winaaRmdeg afxazeTSi Tavisi
8
spis gamogzavna. vaxtangma aiRo afxazeTis yvela cixe sam
weliwadSi, vidre cixe-gojamde.6
vaxtangi dabrunda sameufo qalaq mcxeTaSi. qalaqis mosaxleoba, qalebi da kacebi, fexqveS ufendnen naWrebsa da
samosels, Tavze ayridnen dramasa da drahkans, aRuwevneli
xmiT Seasxamdnen qebas, rameTu arc erT mefes aseTi Zlieri
wyoba-SebrZolebis xelovneba ar hqonia.
gaugzavna vaxtangma sparsTa mefes Zvirfasi ZRveni binqaran
episkoposis xeliT da iTxova sparsTa mefisagan asuli colad,
romelsac erqva balenduxti. sparsTa mefem misca Tavisi asuli da mziTvad somxeTi da yoveli kavkasieli mefe. miswera
wigni vaxtangs da mouxmo berZenTa keisris winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad.
Sekriba vaxtangma Tavisi da kavkasieli mefeebis spa - 200
aTasi kaci. SeuerTda mas ranis erisTavi, misi dedis Zma
varaz-bakuri ardabadaganis, ranisa da movakanis 200 aTasi
mxedriT.
im dros vaxtangi iyo 22 wlis, yvela kacze maRali, saxiT
umSvenieresi, ZaliT Zlieri, iseTi, rom aRWurvili, fexiT
irems eweoda da rqiT iWerda da agreTve SeWurvil cxens
mxrebiT aiRebda da mcxeTidan armazis cixeSi adioda.
vaxtangi da misi debi iyvnen STamomavlebi baqar mirianis
Zisa. xolo miriani da grigoli iyvnen rev mirianis Zis STamomavlebi. maT kuxeTi hqondaT da rusTav-qalaqSi cxovrobdnen,
magram Semcirebulni iyvnen erTmaneTis kvliT.
mirian mefidan vaxtang mefemde gardasuli iyo Taoba rva,
xolo mefeni aTni. gasuli iyo 157 weliwadi, xolo episkoposi
WeSmarit wesze mdgomi gardacvlili iyo rva, xolo sxvebi
wesis SemSlelebi iyvnen.
vaxtangi gaemarTa saberZneTisken. Sevida somxeTSi, mas aq
SeuerTdnen somxeTis erisTavebi. cixe-qalaqi, romelsac karnu qalaqi ewodeba, ver aiRes, radganac sami maRali zRude
hqonda. datova iq sabrZolvelad mxedroba da TviTon Sevida pontoSi. gzaze sami qalaqi moaoxra:anZoreTi, ekleci
9
da steri. Semoadga laSqari pontos zRvispireTis did qalaqs
da laSqarma TiTqmis konstantines qalaqamde miaRwia. sparselebi eklesiis msaxurebs hklavdnen. vaxtang mefem amcno somxebis spas, agreTve sparselebs, ar moeklaT samRvdeloeba, aramed
daetyvevebinaT. vaxtangma warmoTqva sityva da uTxra
maT:roca mirian mefe sparsT mefes Semohyva aq berZenTa
winaaRmdeg saomrad, aseve uyofdnen moweseebsa da eklesiis
msaxurebs, amitomac damarcxdnen. im droidan berZnebma Cven,
qarTvelebs, wagvarTves miwebi pontos (Savi) zRvis aRmosavleTiT, da erTmaneTs SeebrZolnen anZianZorSi, sadac amJamad
aris saflavi didi moZRvrisa grigolisa da aqedan ukuiqcnen
Cveni mefeebio.
vaxtangma somxeTis spas Seaxsena TavianTi eklesiis istoria da yvelas mouTxro Sinaarsi nebroTis im wignisa, romelic
dafarulad hqondaT qarTvel mefeebs. yvelas ubrZana araferi
evnoT eklesiebisa da RvTismsaxurebisaTvis. vaxtangma amcno
yvela damalul moweses (samRvdeloebs), gamosuliyvnen samalavidan. tyveebi gaaTavisufla. gamovidnen mRvdlebi, diakvnebi da mowese monazvnebi samalavebidan. maTTan iyo ori
kaci:petre mRvdeli, grigol RvTismetyvelis erT-erTi
mowafe, romelic mis saflavze mRvdelobda da samoel monazoni. isini warudgnen vaxtangs tyveTa da eklesiebis ganTavisuflebisaTvis madlobis Sesawirad. vaxtangma petre mRvdeli da samoel monazoni TavisTan daitova. uTxra mas
petrem:`eklesiani xorcTani ufro metia RvTis winaSe, vidre qvis eklesiebi. qvis eklesiebi rodesme dairRvevian da
amave qvebiT kvlav aRaSeneben, xolo eklesiani xorcTani
roca dairRvevian, veravin SeZlebs maT gankurnebas, verc
mkurnali da verc mefe, da Sen ramdeni marTali kaci dagicia! me msurs Seni aRdgineba, raTa ar iyo im kacTa msgavsi,
romelnic marjveniT ageben, xolo marcxeniT arRveven da
arc iseTi, romelnic piriT akurTxeben da guliT swyevlian
da agineben. aramed iyo rogorc keTilxsenebuli mefeebi,
romlebmac daipyres sofeli da arc sasufevels ganSorebian.
10
me mnebavs, raTa Sens mier aRgznebuli es cecxli Senve daSrito da iyo megobari keisrisa, rogorc dRemde iyavi
sparselebisa. berZnebi arian naTesavni RmerTisani~.
miugo mefem:`mnebavs, rom am Rames Tqveni locvis ZaliT
meCvenos Cemi da keisris Sekreba da rom Cvens Soris siyvarulis damyarebaze unda iyos msjeloba, raTa vcna me, rom
qristes surs CemTan Seni amgvari laparaki~.
petrem iTxova dro locvisTvis da wavida.
mefem iloca da dawva. Tvalis mirulvisas warmoudga mas
wmida nino da uTxra:`adeq, mefev, da mokrZalebiT win
miegebe SenTan momaval or mefes - zecisas da qveynisas~.
mivida vaxtangi da ixila ori taxti:erTze ijda Wabuki
gvirgvinosani saWurvliT, meoreze moxucebuli mjdomare spetaki zewriT, mas Tavze edga ara oqros, aramed naTlis gvirgvini da mis fexTiT ijda nino. da vaxtangis marjvena xeli
eWira petre mRvdels, xolo marcxena samoels. uTxra
samoelma:Tayvani eci pirvelad zecis did mTavars grigols.
mivida da Tayvani sca da uTxra grigolma:`es ra boroteba
Caidine, kaco, rameTu moaoxre Cemi banaki da mxecebs SeaWame
Cemi sacxovari. ukeTu ara eg orni, romelnic gverdiT gidganan da es saTno dedakaci, romelic marad iRvwvis mariamTan
erTad TqvenTvis - Surs vigebdi Senianebisgan, romelnic cecxls
sasoeben da ara yovelTa ganmanaTlebel brwyinvalebas~. da
gauwoda xeli da eambora xelze vaxtangi. man mokida xeli
naTlis gvirgvins da iseTive gvirgvini misca vaxtangs da
uTxra:`daadgi eg petres~. da aiRo petrem Tavis gvirgvinze
udaresi gvirgvini da daadga samoel monazons.
uTxra ninom vaxtangs:`axla midi mefesTan da miiRe Seni
saboZvari~. mivida mefesTan, eambornen erTmaneTs da adgili
misca taxtze Tavis gverdiT. misca beWedi Tavisi xelidan,
romelsac hqonda friad naTeli Tvali da Tqva keisarma:`Tu
gnebavs gvirgvini, aRuTqvi mas, vinc Cvens win dgas, rom SeebrZolebi mis mtrebs, da miiRe misgan gvirgvini~. moixeda
vaxtangma da ixila jvari, romelsac frTebze hqonda gvir-
11
gvini, jvris xilvam SeaZrwuna da dadumda. aRdga wmida nino,
gaixeda petresa da samoelisken da erTxmad Tqves:`Cven varT
Tavsmdebi, rom yvelaze ufro metad Seasrulebs~, da mihyo
xeli keisarma, da aiRo gvirgvini jvarisagan da daadga vaxtangs.
ukan gamosvlisas Seexmiana episkoposi samgzis:`vaxtang,
vaxtang, vaxtang! umetesad morwmune iqnebi Sen sparsTa Soris~.
meored:`aSendebian Sengan eklesiebi da ganewesebian episkoposebi da episkoposTa mTavari~. da mesamed:`wamebis gvirgvinsac miiReb~. gamovida vaxtangi da uxmo ZilSive petresa
da samoels, da mouTxrobda ZilSive Cvenebas, xolo isini
uxsnidnen:`taxtze, romelic ixile, naTlis gvirgvinosani,
aris didi moZRvari grigoli da rac momeca misi gvirgvinisgan, is iyo, rom mimeca episkoposTa mTavroba, xolo rac
miveci Cveni gvirgvinisgan Cems moyvass, is aris, rom Cemgan
miecema episkoposoba. xolo oqros gvirgvinosani iyo keisari.
beWedi, romelic mogca, is aris, rom Tavis asuls mogcems
colad da yoveli sazRvari qarTlisa, misgan mitacebuli,
mogces. xolo gvirgvini, romelic jvarisgan mogeca, is aris,
rom did Rvawls gadaixdi jvris SewevniT. xolo Cveni moZRvari samgzis rom Segexmiana, sami simdidre moiTxova SenTvis
RmerTisgan:raTa Sens mier qarTlis WeSmariteba daemtkicos kaTalikosebisgan da episkoposebisgan, sZlev Sens mtrebs
Sens aRsrulebamde, xolo aRsrulebisas wamebis gvirgvins
miiReb brZolisas da mtrebs xelSi ar Cauvardebi. yovelive
aRsruldeba Sens siberemde da dauZlurebamde~.
gaRviZebisas vaxtangma madloba Seswira RmerTs da mouxmo petresa da samoels. maTac RamiT igive Cveneba naxes.
petres uTxra:`aravin aris Cven Soris WeSmariti morwmune,
romelic danerga Cvenma mamam mirianma anda Trdatma, dediT
naTesavma Cemma. amaT yovelTa sarwmunoeba vici, romelic
savse aris sacduriT~.7 petre mociqulad gagzavna keisarTan.
vaxtangma meore dResSeityo, rom sparseTidan dabrunebuli
berZenTa spa konstantinopolSi Sevida. man mouxmo meTaurebs
12
da uTxra:`berZnebs mravalricxovani spa hyavT, brZolisas
marjveni arian, aseve zRvazedac. meSinia, ar movidnen zRviT,
gza ar mogviWran da ar amogvxocon rogorc bakSi Semwyvdeuli. avyaroT laSqari da zRvis samxreTiT davibanakoT,
raTa gvqondes gza Wirisa da lxinisa~. moxsnes qalaqis alya
da daibanakes iqidan xuTi dRis savalze, speris siaxloves.
madloba Seswires vaxtangs sikvdils miwevnilma qalaqebma.
petre mivida keisarTan da mouTxro yovelive. keisarma friad gaixara da yovelive, rac ixila vaxtangma CvenebaSi, misca.
petres piriT SeuTvala vaxtangs, rom misi mefobis Tanasworad CaTvlida. xolo orTaves laSqari sparselebs daamarcxebda, roca vaxtangi da igi (keisari) gaerTiandebodnen.
keisarma zRviT gamoagzavna 500 xomaldi, 500-500 jariskaciT.
isini unda misuliyvnen vaxtangTan da ubrZolvelad unda
damdgariyvnen. TviTon keisari gamoemarTa pontos gziT 800.000
kaciT. roca movida zRviT spa, sparselebs undodaT maT
winaaRmdeg brZola, xolo vaxtang mefe aCerebda sparselebs
da ar miuSva sabrZolvelad.
keisris mociqulebma vaxtangs saidumlod moarTves jvari,
gvirgvini da Sesamoseli. aRuTqva keisarma vaxtangs, rom
ukanve miscemda Tuxariss da qarTlis sazRvrebs. vaxtangma
keisars amcno:`rac ar Svenis Sens RvTismoyvarebas, sxvas nu
aiZuleb, rameTu Ralati patiosani kacis xeloba ar aris. Tu
axla Sen mogcem dasamarcxeblad sparselebs, Cemi saxeli xom
gacruvdeba? Semdgom ki, roca Cveni saqme gadawydeba, ufro
umjobesad mogemxrobi sparselTa winaaRmdeg~. vaxtangma keisars urCia, Tavi Seekavebina SebrZolebisgan. berZnebis laSqari
moiwevda, xolo vaxtangi aCerebda Tavisianebs da uSlida
berZnebTan SebrZolebas. miiWra masTan sparsTa erisTavi, dedis Zma misi da uTxra vaxtangs risxviT:`mamaSenis deda
berZeni iyo, gZlia Sen misma bunebam da siyvaruli gaqvs im
jvarcmuli momkvdari kacisa. gnebavs, rom berZenTa xelSi
Cagvyaro~. vaxtangma mas uTxra:`aha, Sen da aha, berZnebi,
ixilav Sen im momkvdari kacis Zalas~.
13
gavidnen sparselebi, somxebi da darubandis mefe berZnebTan
sabrZolvelad. mefe vaxtangi da qarTvelebi ar ibrZodnen,
idgnen da uyurebdnen. damarcxdnen aRmosavlelebi, mokles
omSi vaxtangis dedis Zma, sparsTa erisTavi. amis Semdeg, keisris nebis gareSe, berZenTa spasalari SeebrZola qarTvelebs.
vaxtangma is pirispir SebrZolebisas mokla. omSi daiRupa
43.000 qarTveli. gaimarjves.
vaxtangma amis Semdeg gaaTavisufla datyvevebuli 780.000
qali da kaci. gaugzavna isini keisars da amiT nugeSini-sca
berZeni spasalaris mokvlisaTvis, romelic keisris naTesavi
iyo. keisarma friad gaixara da Sexvda vaxtangs. hyves urTierTaRTqma da fici, niSnobis saqme moagvares. ukumisca keisarma vaxtangs qarTlis sazRvari cixe Tuxarisi da mTliani
klarjeTi,8 zRvidan arsianamde.
gamoikiTxa keisarma saberZneTis sazRvari afxazeTSi da
Tqva ase:`egriswylidan vidre mcire xazareTis mdinaremde 9 es aris sazRvari saberZneTisa aleqsandre makedonelis droidan,
romelic Sen Cvengan waiRe Seni mklavis ZaliT. axla ukanve
mogveci es Cveni qveyana da, roca waiyvan Cems asuls colad,
maSin misgan mogcem amave qveyanas~. da misca mziTvad Tavis
qaliSvils qveyana, moqceuli egriswyalsa da klisuras Soris,
da sxva afxazeTi ukanve misca vaxtangma berZnebs. 10
da wamovida vaxtangi klarjeTis gziT, gaiara Tuxarisi,
moewona da es saxeli daarqva, Sua klarjeTSi, artanujSi
daadgina erisTavi da ubrZana cixis aSeneba. agreTve, ubrZana,
gamoenaxa iq samonastro adgili da aeSenebina eklesia. artavaz erisTavma aaSena iq artanujis cixe. da iqve aaSenes
monasteri (artanujis xevSi), msgavsi maT mier saberZneTSi
nanaxi monastrebisa. garda amisa, aaSena opizis monasteri da
sami eklesia:daba merisa, Sindobisa da axizisa, agreTve ganaaxla axizis cixe.
mcxeTaSi misul vaxtangs eri didi sixaruliT Sexvda.
roca sparsTa mefem cno, rom vaxtangi berZnebs miemxro, ukanve
gabrunda sparseTSi da iq mokvda. mefed misi Ze dajda da mis
momwifebamde gavida sami weli.
14
vaxtangis colma Sva tyupebi, Ze da asuli. da mokvda
mSobiarobis dros balenduxt dedofali, sparsTa mefis asuli. vaxtangma uwoda Tavis Zes daCi. maSin vaxtangma ver
moicala saberZneTidan keisris asulis colad moyvanisaTvis
da verc kaTalikosis moyvanisaTvis, radganac moeloda sparsTa
SemoWras, amagrebda cixeebsa da qalaqebs. hkazmavda da amzadebda sabrZolvelad mxedrebs. maSin Seagdo sapyrobileSi
binqaran macduri, cecxlis msaxurTa episkoposi, mospo da
gayara cecxlismsaxurni sazRvargareT.
sami wlis Semdeg sparsTa mefe gamoemarTa vaxtang mefesTan
sabrZolvelad. vaxtangma amcno berZenTa mefes:~aha, is dRe,
romelic aRgiTqvi, rom sparselebs Semovamwyvdevdi Sens xelSi. moviyvane isini qarTlis Sua sazRvarze, maTTan aris
300.000 jariskaci. sparsTa mefe fiqrobda Tavisi spis gamravlebas somxeTisa da kavkasiis mefeebisagan, magram ver gabedes
masTan SeerTeba, rameTu zogierT maTgans jvarcmulis sasoeba aqvs, zogierTi ki eSmakma Seacdina (darubandeli mefeebi
SeuerTdnen). me aRvasrule Cemi aRTqma, romelic
aRmiTqvams:rameTu, sadac ki vipove cecxlis saxli, davavse
fsliT, maTi mogvebi da mzirebi satanjvels miveci. macduri
binqaran Sevagde sapyrobileSi da sikvdilis SiSiT gaipara
da gaiqca. swored man moiyvana sparselebi qarTlSi da davsvi episkoposad miqaeli, sarwmuno kaci. xolo binqarani, roca
mouaxlovda qarTlis sazRvars, mokvda. axla saswrafod gamoemarTos Cvenken Seni spa, raTa aq dasces jvris yvela mteri,
da Sen gaTavisufldebi yvela mtrisagan, xolo Tu Cven gvZleven sparselebi, Semovlen Sens sazRvrebSi~.
keisari xazareTSi iyo wasuli, amitom ver SeZlo qarTlSi mosvla. vaxtangma gaaZliera qalaqebis cixeebi da urCeulesi mebrZolebi, 100.000 mxedari da 100.000 qveiTi TavisTan
daitova. daibanaka diRmidan `qarTlis karamde~ (armazamde),
da sparselebma daibanakes `cxenis terfis~ (didubesTan) qvemoT. sparselebi da qarTvelebi erTmaneTs ebrZodnen armazsa
da mcxeTaSi Tbilisis fonamde.
15
xolo vaxtang mefes exura oqros Cabalaxi, romlis wina
mxares gamosaxuli iyo mgeli da ukan lomi. romel mxaresac
qarTvelebi marcxdebodnen, iqiT miemarTeboda da spobda
sparselebis spas, rogorc lomi kanjars. sparselebi ver
uZlebdnen mis brZolas, daimaxsovres is, romelsac mgeli da
lomi hqonda gamoxatuli da roca vaxtangs ixilavdnen,
ambobdnen:`dur az gorgasal~, anu `moerideT mglis Tavso~.
amis Semdeg saxelad ewoda mefes gorgasali. oTx Tves gagrZelda brZola. movida keisrisgan dasaxmareblad 80.000 mxedari. keisris brZanebiT, Tu vaxtangs dasWirdeboda, unda
daxmareboda berZeni mxedarTmTavari leoni Tavisi jariT.
berZenTa laSqari javaxeTSi iyo Semosuli, roca Seityo
sparsTa mefem maTi Semosvla. daiwyo molaparakeba
vaxtangTan:`risTvis vwyvetT erTmaneTs? Zmebi varT, davdgeT
Cveni mamebis siyvarulze da TiToeuli Cvengani Tavis saTno
suls emsaxuros~. daTanxmda vaxtangi sparsTa SemonaTvals
da mociqulis piriT uTxra:`Cems RmerTad iyos qriste, xolo
Sen giwodeb mamas da ufals~.
sparsTa mefem Seiwynara vaxtangis sityva da gaugzavna
ZRvnad anTrakis gvirgvini. Sexvda erTmaneTs ori mefe. dades
aRTqma, rom Tav-Tavis rjulzeve darCebodnen. uZRvna vaxtangma sparsTa mefes mravali saCuqari. da Txova, rom mSvidoba yofiliyo massa da keisars Soris:`mnebavs, raTa iyos
mSvidoba Sen Soris da keisrisa~. sparselebma mSvidobis nacvlad moiTxoves im miwebis dabruneba, romelnic berZnebs
sparselebisgan hqondaT mitacebuli. daTanxmda am winadadebas berZenTa mxare.
berZnebi da sparselebi dazavdnen, ganaCines sazRvrebi, misces
berZnebs jaziri da filistimi ierusalimTan erTad da sparsTa
mefem Tqva:`qalaqi rjulisa Tqvenisa aris ierusalimi~.
sparsTa mefem jazirisa da filistimis gacemis sanacvlod,
vaxtangs sTxova, mieTxovebina colad Tavisi da da, agreTve,
gahyoloda saomrad abaSTa, elabelTa da hindoTa winaaRmdeg. misca vaxtangma sparsTa mefes colad Tavisi da miranduxti,
16
romelic osebisgan iyo datyvevebuli da gamoixsna vaxtangma.
moiyvana Tavisi Ze daCi, romelic iyo xuTi wlisa. daadga
gvirgvini da datova mefed da datova masTan Tavisi Svidi
warCinebuli:pirvelad juanSer spaspeti, Sida qarTlis da
yovelTa erisTavTa mpyrobeli da demetre erisTavi kaxeTisa
da kuxeTisa, grigol hereTis erisTavi, nersarani, xunanis
erisTavi, adarnase samSvildis erisTavi, samnaRiri, Siga egrisisa da svaneTis erisTavi, bakuri, margvisa da Takveris erisTavi.
waiyvana Tan artavazi, klarjeTis erisTavi, nasar, wundis
erisTavi da bivritiani, oZrxis erisTavi da didi ejibi saurmagi. maTTan aTi aTasi rCeuli mxedari. vaxtangs Seevedrnen
deda da misi da xuaranZe, raTa Tan waeyvanaT ierusalimSi
salocavad. waiyvana isini. Sevidnen ierusalimSi, iloces wmida
aRdgomis taZarSi, moiloces yoveli wmida adgili, Sewires
didi Sesawiravi da wavidnen qalaq antioqiaSi, sadac maT
eloda xosro. aq sparsTa mefes keisrisgan miarTves miuwvdomeli ZRveni, aseve vaxtangs ganZi. Seikriba iq vaxtangis
brZanebis qveS 50.000 mxedari qarTveli, berZeni da somexi.
aqedan wavidnen sparseTSi. baRdadSi gadaixades sparsTa mefisa da vaxtangis dis qorwili. qorwilis Semdeg deda da da
wavidnen qalaq urahSi, sadac unda dalodebodnen vaxtangs.
pirvelad vaxtangma da sparselTa laSqarma wartyvevnes
jorjaneTi da iq daemkvidrnen sparselebi. sami weli ibrZoles
indoeTSi. indoeTis qveynebis umravlesoba wartyvevnes. wamoiRes xarki. aqedan Sevidnen sindeTSi, romlis mefe iyo mxne
da goliaTi. mokles aq saurmagi, vaxtangma Seutia sindelebs
da maT Seaswres qalaqis kedlebSi. maSin sindTa mefe gadmodga qalaqis karze da xmamaRla uTxra vaxtangs:`vaxtang
mefeo, msgavsi xar Sen im ugunuri yvavisa, romelmac ipova
arwivisagan dawylulebuli da daglejili qori, romelsac
afrena ar SeeZlo da sikvdils iyo miaxlovebuli. yvavma ar
qmna ise, rogorc aris yvavebis wesi, rameTu yvavi roca
ixilavs qors, iwyebs xmamaRla yivils, Seasmens sxvebs da
yvavebis simravle daesxmeba qors, raTa gaagdon TavianT samy-
17
ofelidan da uSiSrad gaataron TavianTi dReebi, rameTu
pirutyvebmac ician TavianTi Tavis sargebeli.
ar qmna yvavma ase, aramed Seiwyala is qori. datova
gamosakvebad Tavis budeSi, marad aWmevda mkalsa da gvels,
rameTu sxvisi Sepyroba ar SeeZlo da miT acocxlebda qors.
roca qors frTebi gaezarda, Tqva Tavis gonebaSi:`ai, mravali dRis manZilze varsebobdi mkalisa da gvelis WamiT da ar
momeca me Cemi dedisa da mamis Zala, rameTu mkaliT ver
gavZlierdebi, rom SevZlo frinvelTa miweva da maTi WamiT
arseboba. sjobs, Sevipyro is yvavi, Cemi gamzrdeli, SevWamo
da ori dRe davisveno:momecema Zala da daviwyeb wesisamebr nadirobas, msgavsad Cemi winaprebisa~. aRasrula es. Seipyro yvavi da SeWama. amis Semdeg daiwyo nadiroba did da
swraf frinvelebze. ar Seaqes yvavi Tavisi mowyalebisTvis,
aramed ugunurad da Tavismkvlelad CaTvales. arc qors
daayvedres uwyaloeba da keTilis uxsenebloba, rameTu es
aris gvari da wesi qorisa. ganileoda da mokvdeboda mkalis
WamiT. qmna wesisamebr da aicila sikvdili. xolo yvavi wesisamebr ar moiqca da mokvda.
sparselebi, romlebic (dRemde da dReis Semdeg ukunisamde) jvarismsaxurTa mtrebi arian, amJamad, uRonobis gamo,
liqniT siyvaruls gaCveneben da rogorc ki dro miecemaT,
keTils aRar gaixseneben da uwyaloni iqmnebian. es bevrjer
viciT wignebidan. roca ixile sparselebi, Cems mier dakninebuli, ar gaixare, RmerTs madloba ar Sewire, ar aRagzne
mtrebi sparselebis winaaRmdeg da ar Seewie sparseTis mtrebs,
es ar gaakeTe, aramed dagitovebia Seni mamaTa sayofeli,
saqristianos did spas winamZRvrob, ori wlis gza gamogivlia
da sparselebs aZliereb, raTa gaZlierdnen, moaRwion da
wargwymidon Sen da Seni qveyana, romelsac daipyrobs jvarismsaxurebis warsawymedelad. mefe xar TviTmpyrobeli da axovani, Seni nebiT migicemia Tavi Seni mtrebis monad da rogor
ar giwodo ugunuri?~
vaxtangma uTxra:`Sen gegona sibrZniT Tqvi, magram Seni
sityvebi arian cru. Txunela, romelsac ar asxia Tvalebi da
18
mzis brwyinvaleba da velTa mSveniereba ar icis, Tu ra aris,
Tavdajerebuli cxovrobs miwis qveS da hgonia, rom yoveli
cocxali arsebis cxovrebac asevea mowyobili. Txunelas msgavsad Senc brma xar gonebis TvaliT da yru gonebis yuriT,
ar xedav da ar gesmis sulieri cxovreba da arc survili
gaqvs mixvide saukuno cxovrebamde da dausrulebel naTlamde, mis gonebiT miuwvdomel didebamde. da arc icnob Sen
yovelives Semoqmed RmerTs, romlis mier Seiqmna yovelive.
am qveyanaSi movedi ara am soflis didebisTvis da ara
sparsTa mefis msaxurebisTvis, aramed dausabamo RmerTis msaxurebisTvis. rameTu Cemi aq mosvliT pirvel rigSi gamovixseni
ierusalimi - wmida qalaqi, sadac dadgmula fexi Cveni uflisa
ieso qristesi, iq aRasrula yovelive Cveni sulebis xsnisTvis,
da amis Semdeg yoveli saqristiano davixseni mooxrebisgan,
rameTu sparsTa mefes miniWebuli hqonda Jami mTeli saqristianos motyvevnisaTvis. me Cemi ZaliT da qristes SewevniT
davixseni qristianebi didi Wirisgan am Jams da amis Semdeg
RmerTma icis.
Sen aqeb qors, romelmac Tavisi gamzrdeli yvavi SeWama,
aqeb mis naqmnars, xolo Cveni buneba aseTia, rom Cveni keTilismyofelisaTvis davdvaT Cveni suli, raTa movigoT madli RvTisagan da vpovoT cxovreba saukuno da Tu movkvdebiT,
ukvdavnive viqnebiT da sikvdilis mier saukuno cxovrebaSi
gardavicvlebiT~.
maSin Tqva sindTa mefem:`gamodi CemTan sabrZolvelad,
raTa Cems mier gardaicvalo dRes sikvdilis Semdeg saukuno
cxovrebaSi~.
Tqva vaxtangma. `axlandeli sikvdili ar miCns sixarulad,
rameTu codvili var da RmerTis mcneba srulad ar aRmisrulebia. Cemi codvebi srulad ar aRmixocia sinanuliT, magram qristes ZaliT ar meSinia sikvdilis, rameTu is aris Cemi
mfarveli da daculi var srulebiT, mravalmowyale RmerTi,
Cemi xeliT mogklavs Sen, mis mgmobels da Seni suli wava
garesknelis bnelSi da uSret cecxlSi~. SeebrZolnen erTma-
19
neTs. daamarcxa vaxtangma da ar mokla, aramed aiRo misgan
xarki da mZevlebi.
amis Semdeg sparsTa mefem da vaxtangma daamarcxes abaSni.
sparsTa mefem abaSTa naxevari ahyara da sxva qveynebSi adgil-adgil daasaxla. eseni arian qurTebi, romlebic warmotyuena vaxtang mefem abaSTagan.
merve wels ukan dabrunda vaxtangi da mivida qalaq urahSi,
sadac mSvidobiT daxvdnen deda da dai misi. gagzavna berZenTa mefesTan mociquli colis wamosayvanad da agreTve petre
kaTalikosisa da samoel episkoposisaTvis. Semovida vaxtangi
qarTlSi da miegebnen mas misi Ze daCi, yvela spasalari da
maTTan erTad episkoposebi. roca gaigo episkoposma,11 rom vaxtangma gagzavna mociqulni kaTalikosisa da episkoposebis
mosayvanad, daumZimda es da iwyo amboxi da mizezoba. miugzavna mefes kaci da uTxra:`Sen dagitovebia qriste da cecxls esav~, vaxtangma SeuTvala:`qristes ZaliT Sevedi da
qristes ZaliTve gamovedi simarTliT, ubralo var, icis RmerTma, magram gavagzavne mociquli kaTalikosisa da episkoposis mosayvanad~. roca es moismina episkoposma da daidastura,
ifiqra, SfoTiT daebrkolebina es saqme da maTi mosvla.
dawyevla mefe da yoveli spa misi. mefem Tqva:`marTalia,
Cven udanaSauloni varT, magram simdable jer ars Cvengan~.
da mivida mefe, CamoqveiTda, raTa mTxveoda episkoposis fexebs. gaZra fexi, qoSis qusli pirSi Caartya da mefes kbili
Caumtvria. xolo mefem Tqva:`es aris ampartavnobis silaRe
da eSmakis sacduri. Tu Cveni codvebis simravlem aRgZra, neba
ara gaqvs borotebis gakeTebisa, aramed unda Seundo, rogorc
ityvis saxareba:`ara daSrito patruqi mgzebare, arca gantexo lerwami daCeCqGli~. Sen ggonia, rom Seni siveragiT
Cven qristes siyvaruls uarvyofT. Seni saqme maSin gamoCnda
cxadad, roca mogesma Senze umTavresis saqarTveloSi moyvana da aRegzne boroti SuriT, rogorc iuda petres mimarT,
rameTu Sen xar rogorc iuda, xolo eklesia aris rogorc
petre. vercxlis moyvare xar Sen, rameTu Senc qristes meg-
20
vadruce12 xar. axla gaggzavni konstantinopolis patriarqTan
da rogorc wesia, gangikiTxavs~. gagzavna despanebTan erTad da
gagzavna Tavisi kbilic da SeuTvala, rom kaTalikosi da
Tormeti episkoposi saswrafod gamoegzavna. maT Soris petre
kaTalikosad da samoeli episkoposad, da sxvebi, romelnic
surda.
roca moiyvanes miqael episkoposi konstantinopolSi, uTxra
mas patriarqma:`radganac Sens mier daiTxia sisxli, aRara
xar Rirsi episkoposobisa, xolo mefis kadrebisaTvis gekuTvnis sikvdili. naTqvamia:`daemorCileT Tqvens mefeebs, rameTu
xmali ubralod ar abiaT, is RmerTis mier mTavrobs, rogorc
lomi cxvrebs Soris~. da eqsoriaSi gagzavnes miqael episkoposi mRviZarTa monasterSi.
gagzavna petre mRvdeli da samoel monazoni antioqiaSi.
da misweres antioqiis patriarqs mefem da konstantinopolis
patriarqma ase:`Tavdapirvelad, romaeli qalis ninos mier
qarTlis moqcevis dasabamisas, aqedan iq mivlenil iqna episkoposi.
magram Semdeg, radganac sparselebsa da berZnebs Soris SfoTi iyo, ver moawyes es saqme wesisamebr. amasTanave, Cven viciT,
rom qarTli, aRmosavleTi da CrdiloeTi mag wmida saydrisani arian, rogorc ganaweses mociqulebma saxarebaSi,
romelic uwinares unda davicvaT~. da antioqiels misweres
yoveli saqme didi vaxtang mefisa, rom `is episkoposi, romelic
maT mier iyo dadginebuli, ukuvagdeT, da CaTvaleT qarTli
axalnergad.13 axla es ori, maT mier moTxovilni, akurTxe da
agreTve sxva Tormeti, visac isurveb, isini akurTxe. Semdeg ki
CvenTan gamogzavne, raTa Cven ganZiTa da saxmari nivTebiT
gavamgzavroT~. da antioqielma patriarqma akurTxa Tormeti
episkoposi da petre kaTalikosad.
mividnen konstantinopolSi, misca keisarma didZali ganZi
da Tavisi asuli elene, vaxtangis sacole. sazRvarze maT
Seegeba mefe.
mcxeTaSi vaxtang mefem aaSena mociqulTa eklesia sveticxoveli. am taZarSi samxreTiT im adgilas, sadac iyo sionis
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didi eklesia, dasva petre kaTalikosad. xolo samueli mcxeTaSive dasva episkoposad `saepiskoposoSi~. 14 da dasva sxva
episkoposebidan erTi episkoposi klarjeTs, axizis eklesiaSi,
erTi eruSeTs artanSi; erTi javaxeTs - wundaSi, erTi manglisSi, erTi bolnisSi; erTi rusTavSi; erTi ninowmidaSi ujarmis karTan, romelic gorgasalma aaSena. erTi missave
aSenebul WeremSi da iq daaarsa qalaqi misganve aSenebul or
eklesias Soris; erTi CeleTSi (`Sua sofelSi~), erTi xornabujSi da erTi agarakSi, romelic xunanis pirdapiraa.
amis Semdeg aaSena erTi eklesia niqozSi cecxlis sagzebelTan da dasva iq episkoposi, sadac daflulia wmida raJdenis gvami, romelic sparsTa mier iwama.
es raJdeni iyo mamamZuZu vaxtangis colisa (romelic
pirvelad moiyvana, sparsTa mefis asuli), gaqristianda is da
Seiqna didad morwmune, xolo brZolisas Zlieri. Seipyres
sparselebma da aiZulebdnen, rom uareyo qriste, xolo am
wmindanma aRiara waruvali dideba da iwama qristesTvis.
hyavda vaxtangs berZeni colisgan sami Ze da ori asuli.
man Tavisi pirveli colis Zes, Tavis pirmSo daCis misca
qalaqebi Weremi, nekresi da kambeCovani, romelic aris xornabuji, da mTeli qveyana mtkvris aRmosavleTiT. TviT vaxtangi dajda ujarmaSi da aaSena is uzomo naSenebiT. da
Tavisi dai xuaranZe misca somxeTis pitiaxSs bakurs da ramdenime xnis Semdeg mokvda sparsTa mefe xosro da mis wil
dajda Ze misi xosro. am dros gaZlierebuli iyvnen sparselebi
(vaxtangis meoxebiT yvela mteri damorCilebuli hyavdaT,
da gamoemarTa sparsTa mefe berZnebis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad. mociquli gamougzavna gorgasals da SeuTvala gaewia
winamZRoloba berZenTa winaaRmdeg omSi da mieca asuli
colad.
maSin vaxtangi miweuli iyo 60 wels da Tqva:`uTxariT
mefe xosros:pirvelad ganemzados CvenTan sabrZolvelad
da Semdeg Sevides saberZneTSi~.
gagzavna qadagi, raTa ers daetovebina is soflebi da
qalaqebi, romlebic Zlierni ar iyvnen da Sesuliyvnen kavka-
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siasa da kaxeTSi, rameTu kaxeTi tye iyo da mtris mier
Seuvali. mefe daCi da misi diswuli gadavidnen kaxeTSi da
dadgnen lopotis xevSi, kldiT mozRudul qveyanaSi (da iyvnen
im qveynis adamianebi cecxlisa da wylis msaxurebi da is xevi,
vidre nosramde, xalxiT iyo savse). Sevidnen gorgaslis coli
da Svilni - ujarmis xevSi. wina cixeSi TviTon dadga, masTan
iyvnen juanSeri da adarnase. xolo mcxeTaSi demetre, nerse
da bivritiani. gaugzavna mociquli keisars.
movida xosro mefe da Semusra qalaqi kambeCovani, Wermis
cixe da veliscixe. mividnen kaxeTSi da daibanakes iorze.
Seibnen, ibrZodnen sami dRe. orive mxridan uricxvi spa daeca.
maSin vaxtangma uxmo petre kaTalikoss da uTxra:~icode,
rom gvebrZvian ara xarkis micemisaTvis, aramed qristes datevebisTvis. me ganzraxuli maqvs ase:saukuno cxovrebisaTvis
umjobesi aris qristes saxelze sikvdili, raTa aRTqmuli
sasufeveli gvqondes maTTan, romelTac uTxra:`romelic
wariwymeds Tavis Tavs CemTvis, is ipovis mas~.
uTxra mas petre kaTalikosma:`Tu ar ibrZoleb samkvdro
sasicocxlod, maSin ara marto saqarTvelo gairyvneba mtris
mier, aramed ierusalimic, romelic aris mSobeli naTlis
Svilebisa~.
uTxra mas mefem:`dadeqi wmida raJdenis eklesiaSi, romelic
aris ujarmis rabatSi. veWvob, rom ujarmis garSemo yvela
qalaqi iZlios, rameTu mtkice da Zlieri zRudeebi aq avageT~. hyo ase kaTalikosma da yvela wminda episkoposi iq
Seikriba.
vaxtangis laSqarSi iyo 240.000 mebrZoli, xolo sparselebisaSi - 740.000. gahyo vaxtangma laSqari samad. da kldis
mxridan miagzavna qveiTi. erT mxares miavlina pitiaxSebi da
spaspeti, da sadac sparsTa mefe iyo, iq TviT .vaxtangi mivida
100.000 meomriT.
ciskarze vaxtangi daesxa sparselebs da uTxra Tavisianebs
- `yoveli kaci, romelic sikvdils gadaurCeba da mtris Tavs
an xels ar gamoitans brZolidan, Cvens mier mokvdeba~.
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ciskris miwurvisas vaxtangi daesxa da mivida mefis palatamde. Sevida mefis karavSi. mefem Seaswro cxenze. Ze misi
bartam mokla da mohkveTa Tavi. maSin iq erTma sparselma sca
isari vaxtangs mkerdSi. brZola gagrZelda SuadRemde. sZlia
vaxtangma sparselebs da mokla 120.000 maTgani. vaxtangis spisgan mokvda 28.000-mde. aiyara iqidan sparsTa mefe da Cadga
rusTavSi. daumZimda wyluli vaxtangs, rameTu filtvamde
iyo isari miweuli. da wavida ujarmaSi, xolo qarTlis spasalarebi adgilsave darCnen.
scnes sparselebma, rom daumZimda vaxtangs wyluli, moaoxres
tfilisi da armazi (qarTli), xolo mcxeTa ver daipyres,
magram zRudis gareT moaoxres.
xolo berZenTa mefe, vaxtangis simamri, mokvda da dajda
mefed zenoni, misi Ze. is movida sperSi, qarTlSi rom Sesuliyo, da roca gaigo vaxtang mefis daWris Sesaxeb, dadga
karnu qalaqSi. iq movida xosro da Seibnen. ver sZlies
erTmaneTs, radgan orTaves spa daexoca.
vaxtangma Seityo, rom kvdeboda, miuxmo kaTalikoss da
Tavis cols, Zeebsa da yvela warCinebuls da Tqva:`me mivdivar
Cemi RmerTis winaSe, da vmadlob mis saxels, rom ar damaklo
me mis siwmindeebs. axla mcnebas mogcemT Tqven, rom mtkiced
dadgeT sarwmunoebaze, eZiebdeT qristesTvis sikvdils mis
saxelze, raTa waruvali dideba moigoT~.
da uTxra yvela warCinebuls:`Tqven, qarTlis mkvidrno,
moixseneT Cemi sikeTe, rameTu pirvelad Cemi saxlidan miiReT
saukuno naTeli da Cven saxls nu SeuracxyofT da berZenTa
siyvaruls nu dautevebT~. da uTxra Tavis Zes daCis:`Sen
xar Cemi pirmSo Svili, SenTvis momicia Cemi mefobis gvirgvini. Seni Zmebis nawilad mimicia taSiskaridan da wundidan,
vidre somxeTamde da saberZneTamde, xolo afxazeTis sazRvari, egriswyalsa da klisuras Sua, Seni Zmebis dedis aris. 15
da mouxmo wundis erisTavs, klarjeTis erisTavs artavazs
da oZrxis erisTavs bivritians da maT Caabara Tavisi coli
elene da misi Svilebi, romelTac erqvaT leoni da mirdati.
da samive erisTavs Seavedra cremliT.
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mTeli xalxisa da warCinebulebisTvis es iyo sasjelis
dRe. TavSi icemdnen da iyridnen nacars, yvelani natrobdnen
sikvdils. xmamaRali tirilisa da godebisgan qveyana iZroda.
morwmune xalxi Senatroda mefes, rameTu qristesTvis moikla. da mokvda vaxtang, dafles mcxeTas, sakaTalikoso eklesiaSi, svetTan, romelSic aris RvTivaRmarTuli svetisgan
dapyrobiT. saflavze gamosaxulia misi xati, misi simaRlis
Tanaswori. xolo amJamad Semonaxuli misi abjari da samoseli ufro naTlad warmogvidgens mas.
da dajda mis taxtze misi Ze daCi. xolo coli da vaxtangis ori Ze waiyvana samma erisTavma, daiWires qarTlis
dasavleTi, romelic misca maT vaxtangma. zafxulobiT qalaq
wundaSi iyvnen da zamTrobiT oZrxeSi. maT ewodaT ara mefeebi, aramed erisTavTa mTavrebi da iyvnen mefe daCis morCilebis qveS.
mefe daCim daiwyo qarTlis Seneba, rameTu mooxrebuli
iyo yvela xevi qarTlisa, garda kaxeTis, klarjeTisa da
egrisis xevebisa. ganasrula Tbilisis zRudeebi, rogorc brZana vaxtangma da is Seqmna samefo saxlad.
mokvda petre kaTalikosi da dajda samoel. da mefem mas
miaTvala mcxeTa, rameTu ase brZana vaxtangma. amanve mefe
daCim kaxeTis mTiulebs SesTavaza qristes aRiareba, xolo
maT ar inebes da gandgnen yovelni napatelni. 16
vaxtangis berZeni colis Svilebidan mokvda leoni da
darCa mxolod mirdati. am mirdats daevaWra misi Zma
daCi:mefem gaucvala qveyana. mefem aiRo is qveyana, romelic
moqceuli iyo egriswyalsa da klisuras Soris. es iyo mirdatis deduleTi sazRvari saberZneTis samflobeloebTan. mis
nacvlad misca javaxeTi faravnidan mtkvramde. daiWira mirdatma qveyana faravnidan da taSiskaridan, vidre speris zRvamde da iq erisTavobda da morCili iyo mefe daCis. man
aaSena wyarosTavis eklesia. mokvda daCi. daCis Semdeg, gamefda misi Ze bakuri. bakuris sikvdilis Semdeg, dajda misi Ze
farsmani. mokvda kaTalikosi samoeli da dajda kaTalikosad
TavfeCagi. misi sikvdilis Semdeg dajda kaTalikosad Cermag.
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vaxtangis Semdgom aqamde es mefeebi mSvidobiT iyvnen. am
farsmanis mefobisas movidnen sparselebi, moaoxres qarTli
da rani. qarTvelTa mefem iTxova sparsTa mefisgan, ar moeoxrebina eklesiebi da daeWira qarTli qristes rjulze.
im dros berZnebi mouclelebi iyvnen. TavianTi qveynis
dasavleTSi mtrebs ebrZodnen. ar SeeZloT qarTvelTa Sewevna da sparsTa winaaRmdeg gamosvla. maSin sparsTa mefem
Seismina misi vedreba da daicva eklesiebi. farsmanma samagierod dauwera morCilebisa da msaxurebis aRTqma. da wavida
sparsTa mefe.
amis Semdeg gaiyvnen vaxtang mefis naTesavebi. daCis Svilebi
sparselebs emorCilebodnen, farsmanis sikvdilis Semdeg, dajda mefed misi Zmiswuli, romelsac farsmanive erqva.
is iyo morwmune da Seamko eklesiebi.
iTxoves iustinianesgan17 qarTvelebma, raTa kaTalikosebad
TviT qarTvelebi damsxdariyvnen, rameTu kaTalikosebi saberZneTidan modiodnen. iustinianem dawera Tanxmobis wigni
da dabeWda Tavisi beWdiT, raTa kaTalikosebad qarTvelebi
damsxdariyvnen da hqonodaT maT ufleba yvela eklesiaze da
yvela mRvdelmTavarze.
mokvda kaTalikosi Cermag da farsman mefem dasva saba.
amis Semdeg aRar moyavdaT kaTalikosi saberZneTidan, aramed
qarTvelebi sxdebodnen, warCinebulTa naTesavebi.
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SeniSvnebi
1. qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 139-207 gadmoRebulia Zveli qarTulidan axal qarTulze Cvens mier (mitropoliti a. jafariZe).
2. igulisxmeba hunebi, alanebi da sxvadasxva CrdiloeTis
tomebi, romlebic im dros awyobdnen laSqrobebs dasavleT
evropaSic ki.
3. `qarTlis samefos~ dasavleTi sazRvari gadioda mdinare
egriswyalze. `egriswylis qvemoT~ anu am mdinaris iqiT marjvena sanapiro qveyana `afxazeTi~ Sedioda bizantiis imperiaSi,
anu `berZnebis~ qveyana iyo. vaxtangis dros bizantielebma gadmolaxes qarTlis samefos sazRvari md. egriswyalze da daipyres
qarTlis miwa-wyali egriswylidan vidre cixe-gojamde.
4. Tergi.
5. `daimorCila... mefis brZanebis gareSe~ _ es adgili gviandeli CanarTia, gv. 156.
6. vaxtangma gaaTavisufla berZnebisgan qarTlis teritoria cixe-gojidan egriswylamde da agreTve afxazeTic, romelic berZnebs hqondaT dapyrobili. vaxtangi afxazeTSi Sevida
Crdilokavkasiis gziT, osebis damarcxebis Semdeg.
7. qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 171; vaxtangi gulisxmobda, rom am
drois qristianoba proberZnuli mimarTulebisa ar yofila,
aramed aRmosavluri orientaciisa. TviT sparselTa Sorisac
ki yofilan qristianebi. `daRaTu aw Sen migcne sparsni, ara
ukue gancruvdesa saxeli Cemi? da umetes Cuensa aqus mravalTa
maTganTa siyuaruli qristesi, aramed SiSisagan ver gamoacxadeben~.
8. igululisxmeba qarTlis samefos is miwebi, romlebic
qarTls CamoaWra saberZneTma jer kidev eaxtangamde, mefe varazbakuris dros _ klarjeTi.
9. mdinare yubani.
10. osebis laSqrobis Semdeg vaxtangma `berZenTa qveyana~
anu afxazeTi aiRo da TeiTon daiWira. Semdeg ki vaxtangma da
keisarma erTmaneTs gaucvales teritoriebi, kerZod, klarjeTi
da misi mimdebare miwebi jer kidev varaz-baqaris dros miitaca
saberZneTma, am teritoriis dabrunebas vaxtangi Zlier cdilobda. pontoSi sazavo molaparakebisas saqarTvelos daubrunda
klarjeTi, xolo saberZneTs daubrunda afxazeTi. afxazeTis
erTi nawili ki egriswylidan klisuramde mziTvis saxiT SeuerTda vaxtangis samefos.
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11. igulisxmeba im episkoposebis mTavari, romelnic vaxtangs
Seegebnen _ mTavarepiskoposi miqaeli.
12. fulis qisis Semnaxveli, molare.
13. `da dRes icodeT axalnergad WeSmaritad qarTli~.
14. qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 146; samTavros ukve arsebul
saepiskoposo taxtze. aRsaniSnavia, rom geografiulad qarTlis samefo dayofili iyo oTx xevad:1 . xevi qarTlisa (mtkvris
saTavidan xunanamde); 2. xevi kaxeTisa; 3. xevi klarjeTisa da 4.
xevi egrisisa (q. c. I, gv. 146); axali episkoposebi dausvamT 3
xevSi:qarTlSi, kaxeTSi da klarjeTSi.
15. vaxtangis meore cols mziTvad moyva teritoria egriswylisa da klisuris Sua, am qalis Svilebs darCaT kidvc
samemkvidrvod es miwebi, xolo pirveli colisgan darCenilebs
samxreT saqarTvelo.
16. napatelni cxovrobdnen dRevandel azerbaijanSi q. Seqis sanaxebSi. q. Seqi mdebareobs q. zaqaTalis aRmosavleTiT 64
km. manZilze, xolo q. kaxidan daSorebulia 34 km-iT. imdroindeli SexedulebiT, napatelni kaxeTis provinciaSi (`xevSi~) Sediodnen da ara hereTisaSi.
17. imperatori iustiniane (527-565).
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