.
#
e eĤVolume 1, pp. 21-29
Online ISSN 1882-2975
An Electronic Journal of The MOTTAINAI Society
1
·ÿbň2007 ª 7 É 3 Ç ñÇň2007 ª 7 É 23 Ç WEB oĻÇň9 É 14 Ç
ÍĦÃ'úáèēÈc&¸Ĺ!ĥ143įÓ7õ!UX=TWANQIE9
&rò&˲$
Đ.& 3Ĵ¦{ı8 įÓĝİ3^Ğ# 3
ĊçôĞ$øö&ĊçôĞëx&ă 2 äv$.!;JT?X¼UC$óÏ
3!7ü;JT?X¼zï$3ìñôuĈ'Y;JT?Xķ ÙĮ
þ
;JT?XiÑ$»ą²ûj430#iÑ¥7\3&_$øö3! YÖ;
JT?Xhċķ&ĽÂ!ĊçĠÔ&ĺÌôl7rð3! Ĵ¦{ı8 įÓ
ĝİ3ÐÍĐ43¯14ùğ$.!
úáèēÈc¢Ë43
>XVXG
ň¨įĴ¦{ëxă 2 äv;JT?XiÑ
úáèēÈc&¸Ĺ!įÓ7õ!
UX=TWANQIE9&rò$åĭ7
Ü-0!3ħđ' ##
Y
$Ĵ¦{â+30#Úĵ'#
úá
èēð&ŅćhċBCEO7÷¾3
!'±ĘņÃî 1ŇïnR:LWC
D:T&ł7IJ0!3`'§Ê#
5
&}ĉ#ñó7ðc&Ñ¥ýeŃ$
Ľ3ĨĦ'Á43
Ñ¥ýe&ĨĦ$
2ßÝ43L
SXDX&©ª' 140 Zq*"!Ģ64
3ņÃî 2Ň&ĸń7ÇÍ&į 1 µ
2&©ĒgŁĀ 1.27 haņ2005 ª&FXDŇ
&1ā43Ć&2[!Ù)
,3
1.27 ha &1ā43Ć
&ķ'0 100 kĶķ$ 6,000 kg
3ëķ¼ą3#1(20,700,000 kcal
*" 2ėæĬt.-[ń$¼
ą3#1(160 Zq*"5
1įÕpWįěWĔÄĄ&ĊĬ7¥¬#
1
1(1.27 ha &1Ì®43ª'
LSXDX&©ª 140 Zq$(#
&
Ć(2Ņ
36$'
#
1
`2ªļ 3652,500kcal &;JT?X7
½
3!3#1(ģą[ 1.27ha &
'ت 23 `&ò7¿¯3
&0#òìô$ī
,02.KXA
XG$<ME9=TWC>PHX7¹2ď
0#ym&ÆĊçô$643!
&
´#&4'a$+! '
#%02ÇÍ&į'©ô#Ē
gŁĀ 'Óį!òģ7Ă3!
ŀ#íã$č4¶¯zï&0
¡Ó
&Õe7Ü-wÓ{3ĒgÀÒ
&]&ýeđŃġ3LS
XDX&¶¯Ûé7į&°³$Ŀį
3!7ÞÅ3$|t#Ûé$2
&0#ĊçÎdÀč4
3&
1įÓĝİĴ¦Ĕ{Č3&
'ê&!5&0#Ċ
çÎdÀč4
3ľ2Ĵ¦$'Ī
£ĀČúáèēÈc&SC@'f
ĩ ׫ņ$ +/Ň ĸàĎĜ¤ĚĎĜ¤ĚijYęÁĕĄWsÁº¤~
© .
#
e
.# f fĚVolume 1, pp. 21-29
Ę$¾41$Ĭ254!ė
748¶#
¹!$&%¦y%Åį#
ÌÏ$Ĥ4!8ĈĘIYF&ô
4
ÅÍ%Ļāďćæ&rĪ_Êh% 40ľ+
" 3Ġsúå% 4 x% 3 8:QU>
2%Ġs-4ÅÍġÑ%Ēĥ&Đ
$ÅÍ%ġÑ©Ñċ%¯°Ľ&
İÉ8ě3% 10 °du$č
iî#Ĵë8Ģ46:QU>%ġÑ
èé.,%/=?TT®Ö¬%Ö
gh]$1ܨq$4:QU>
%b&Ó° 300 [b(1%)8ě4OYD
3:QU>%ġéå%Ġwj~&
ó£$h]4!Ċ254%Ĝ
2 . 10 °8´$ĻāĹćī
Ĥ4!aº 42$òØÜČ
$14ģcġÑ)%½ÃÕo%ġÑè
é)%³ĺ_%úåĠs%J;R
WAB8Ä!<FLYVèé%¾
&,PHMG%Ğ!^¡ĕĄ
74!$#4
^û#ÌÏaÝ$Õ!
.í èĘ8ý4!8ķ$
ı8nąÛÎeý&
4
d\ö&"4!. ē§
ĝ%ÌÏ)!üĪ9 ,ϸļ
ı%Îe%.%8Ċ¥4
!8ĨòØÜČÇc8«Ë
ąÛXõf8<KV@Y%Ėá
2Ċ¥
4ĶÚï*&<KV@YmÐ 4
!%&<KV@YmÐ&<KV@Y!
Èĭî#åçIJ!ąÛîmpª±!8ð
ÀĆ(4
2
<KV@YmÐ8tĨ%<KV@Y
g
đ7mÐ$Â4#2'<KV@Y
mÐ%Ôğ¤Æ$#4!'2004 °
%ÅÍ &ØĿĠs CFIŀ& 1kL 3
26,145 vĸ~Ŀĉ
mŀ& 1kWh 3
16.91 vĀ& 10kg 3 3,536 v
1kL %Ø& 38.1GJĿ@?XCSYV=109Łŀ
%ã<KV@Y$ÂĎ 3
1kWh %ĸ
~& 0.0036GJ10kg %Ā&Öæ 15ľ%àÖ
å! 0.136GJ $ñ²4
1GJ 3%<KV@YmÐ!&Ø
& 684 vĸ~& 4,697 vĀ& 26,000 v$
Âÿ 4
Fig.1 & 1GJ 3%<KV@YmÐ%Á÷
8ï GDPĿuĉèéŀ8ZÒ<KV@
YlćIJ ĵÿp!t$ô4
%& 50 °d\%ij$73ĸ~&Ø
13ļĀ&ĸ~13ļ
!8
ô4ù<KV@YmÐ%
Ôğ&ö$ąÛĮø%^ħ¸$
Õ
546
Ø&ĸ~13.¡
2ąÛNW
ED!òØ&ß~ìĸ¼ ÞÖ%1$
ä/5¶4ħ$ĸ~8kàÖĄ
ĂäÄ8ĸÕ î$Ĕĩ4!&×
¿ÿ5###2'ã~ %þ 2
Ù|0$ãd%<KV@Y$& 100ľ%
æ <KV@YÂ <KV@Y
ÂNWED$&·WDè4%Ħ5
1%#ďâÙ|%{ă]$4<KV@
YÂNWEDąÛî$»3ý%&W
D8ADJ!\` µ$zê
54<KV@YÂ}%<KV@Y13
.ļ
m$ę¢54$Ĵ254
5!
(
¸u ¸uŦVolume 1, pp. 21-29
9$DS^Ed²êĥĸ
DS^Ed}ā*øwĎě?ś»DS^
Ed²êX`LKŊĘį)Ý:ļ"£
?Đ»$
;&
ŜĝƉř(*1GJ
*ƚ*4) 3GJ *Ĵġï?ř;&
<,1GJ *ƚ}ā 1GJ *Ĵġ
ï}ā* 3.4 pg*Ďě)(;&5+6
mrű5Ţ÷ðűĪ5Ų((:ƚ
lĄ+ŊĘį)Ý:ļ((;=
¡ć)ŹoŸĄ+Ĵđ6ƚ)ë9<
$
;Œ9*ľ?z!$Įƚƚ
?±!$ĨŠ?ļ$$
;8(m+
(
((9,Ń}"1:VQ)&!$*ġï
}ā+đ6ƚ8:5+;)Ɵ}%;
9Ĵġï)ë9<Ħ¬*ƝŅ|
ŌIKO[51DS^Ed²êX`LK&
2(&%ƚlĄ&¡ć)DS^
Ed²ê`K&
Ġ¸į(ňŨ<
;1GJ *ƝҽÐ)Â1%)q)
10GJ *Ĵġïá<$
;(9,
1GJ *ƝŅ 1GJ *Ĵġï* 10 pg
*}āĎě)(;&*8(ƝŅ|ŌI
KO[+èŀ<((!$ŊĘį)Ý:
ļ((;=´*ĖűŎ+ŹŜIJ
į)¹
ƝŅ}ā?ú35*Ɵ
ƝŅ
}ā7)ƇÇĨĔ?Ý:ļ;ƝŅ|Ō
IKO[ĈŐ$
;*%;
DG`JdŊʸ*
ƞŎ&$ƟŤ}
<;TdY^Ŵ¸ŎW_P]NFcMP
B+DbJRA*Ŝĝ9ō;Ŋʸ
ĵu¸ċ8-ʼnń)Ģħį(Û¥%
*nlDS^EdnlĥƢUadƣ)Ɠ
ž#9<ijÚ?D^HMWB ergosophy
Ƣerg-+nl?-sophy +ijūxņ6
¸?Û¥;ƣ&¦-Ŋʸ+Ġ¸
*ē?ōÜ$Ćł<(<,(9(
&ŧ
$
ƢîĤ 3ƣ¼Ɨ*&=D^
HMWB+ĵucŊĘ?ō¿;ð(Ŝ
Ï?|;D^HMWB*ŝĝ9óüĵ
u)"
$ō$28
ÞÔóü*ƟÎŊĘÝƐìÍjÀ%ŠĬ
į)¼Ħ<&+8ij9<ť
ŊĘÝƐ)ƖvĵuĦŭƇÇ&Ƃĭ
%;ŊĘÝƐ)vƙŸ+kŚ<$
:ďīƔõo*ßÖ°ŠĬ?ļĂ
DGTZKQgýĒ*ũî)+
ŊĘ*Ý
ƐØż%:Ÿ³*ÁĄĈuØż)°
µ;&<Ÿč*ĐÛ&ŗ)Ɖµ
(²?Ĩ;*+ÒĞ%;
ƢîĤ 4ƣ
Ŋ
ĘÝƐſ3&&5)Ÿč+Œ*ŊĘį
(Ɓ§?Œ*Û&Ŷ&Űs%Ƅâ
Œ*ø5ÌĶ&×ñ¢)ſ@%
&
&)(;)ƃ
(
ƢîĤ 5ƣ&š<
$
5!&5gýŒŷŸč)Ƅâ?
ź;8(ìĿ?å*
gý*ŊĘÝƐħũ*řŪ+Źoį(Ĩ
ĩŢ.*áų)$i·ƌŗ)8;Ļą
į(ĪŽ?5å&);ƢîĤ
5ƣųĚƈ?ĩĄ*ƆƑ)'*8)ç
:;+º*nl!"1;&
=Ĵġï)8!$ƞ<;ĨĩĈă
?À$ć(ÅĄŘ¨*ĨĩÙ?¢f
;&)ŁħŻŮÎ*ģÙ?W^ĔĪ
$ŮÉ|ŌƊ?°µ;&řĝ!
ĨĩĈă*À)8!$µƊĨĩŐ)
(;<%+ب}āgŕ$Å
Ą+Ɯæ$1%gý+ƋŖ
įőÑ?å;&%ب}ā*gŕ?ƕ
Ċ$tĄı*¢f?ª:ƟÎŊĘÝƐ
?Ý.&À
*Źoį(ů+
í*ƘĪ&ęŶ(ßÖĎě?
$m+Ƌ*&ğ$9<(9ñ
9ƇÇ.&¤
¾9<ĕĨį) 2 ĉc3
ĉĩĄ*ãµſ2ŋĀį)ƇÇſÃ
*
*8(gý*àŞ)$p+
óüìÍŃ}"1:óüm*jƝ*}ā?
Łħ;&%&
&+ģĽ/
&&×><;œ¥ė
&)µŔ
È«);ĩĄƛ§JCd[KcaN
Q*ģţ<Ô&:>ĺĢē*òŗ
ûƒ)ſÃ8)20 hŇóü*41
ŊĘÝƐ+ƝŅŁħÎ*g%Ý
ƀ9<*
(ƝŅ}ā*ëäÅĄéſ*Ə&(
;&ş,¡eDS^EdƊ)êŀ$
Č/ĺĢ&Ĵġï&*}āÆVQ&
Ĉă&¡8(yĄ?;Ɨ*GKQ*
Æ?ô;+%:)Ĉămƒ
)!$o>;ħĜ@%
;9
>:6
{&$ƋÄب*ƎŽ?ō
<,ƋÄÿ*²Ó)ř;DS^Ed+
;e»*?ù;*DS^Ed*Ě
&(;ĺĢ&Ĵđ)+}āÆ:þf
!ƍ*ů±}ā¡&<,¹}
(DS^Ed%Ĺ;ĈăĨĩ);
=<7Ĵġï*}ā*éķ)
Č/$Ń}Ɵ :f9<<,ĈăĨ
ĩ*ŊĘį\]NQ?ãµ;&)(;*
"$*ìÍ)8;Ń}Łħ+ŸĄ~
ŬìĿ&
8:5ÅĄçœĿ&$ĈŐ
$
*%;
1960 Ëo1970 Ëo)+ĖűŎŃ}+6
9& :f9<Ÿč +Òõ*Ń
}ëäìĿ?©@5<(
İŏ(
&)Ħ¬%+óü*ŸĄÕlŎ*Ê®Ë
Ơ+ƅö?ŵ$:ƝŅŒŌĥ+
ſ«
iøw* 40ơ0')1%wg$
;"
2!
(
µr µrŌVolume 1, pp. 21-29
$*ıyàÜáĭ)"
$Ãĺ
Ŝþ
+dð*čĢ*1)ũ³ø<®!$.
!&+Í
+(
:dèťr
n +ĆŖļıy*}f)¹$ÖÕ
1967 Ã)+ĆŖļıy}f¹¨þĶāř
°r<Ū2 en<¢8kÔ<Ú
(2*%ŝŇĞě(n
+ųæ¡yòŵ9,ŵ
-'ĝ¹ě
)¶
ĠĎæ)5!$ħ8ùóĖė*
ÏÐ)h8&%8".7ť½*ĴĈ
ċ&+Ļ8&%(!5(
*&29êî+ĴĈ×ũĵť
½š=
ë<Ĵ$ıyįĕÀ<Ŭ:3ĥ
*ĖąkÒ+¯;!$ıyįĕ+ı
*ľęŐŏ9±1 1986 Ã.%*
&% 4' WTO Ŋ9 1995 Ã)
ųIJįĕÄ+Åû99êî*ò
¼Ĥr&í$
8&+Č*&%
+(
:2°Ł¾¨%ĨďĄ)
2&#{őiĹ*ßÅtŗŧáĭ<
Ýš1ٍĤr*ŮijdºÑ
*5(öĝ<$
8*ĨďĄ
*ßÅ)ū$D\IMT>cbV\I*
łì The Two Nations )+ú*5)ʼn9$
8
ĴĈµ*ȳ œjn+¶
y(R`%Ë<8&%&x8*+
Ó*ŴŰ%!((6Ėąŗŧ*â
Ĺ)¬¶y(R`*26ñ+
9ŗŨ*Çg<Ľ)&
&%!6%8Ÿåđ 6Ź
(6ű%ʼn5)¿Ŝ
<z5(ŗŧĀĉ%2(ªè+Ńş
ĵœ¦ºť½)ĩ85(Đă
)ŭ!$
8&
*Ĕ©*êîĤr%
8
fŞ5)1GJ *ĠĂůı
*yò)+BP]Cc¯Þē 100ŷ)
×7Ë(
ďĕbµU_JIĴĈě)×
7ī"5)Ŷō9$yò¼´
8Ì9$+
(
&+22BP
]Cc*s JŸHYc]Ź+dŅ&
:%+Ě(8ďĕbµĔŒ*ņ÷<
Š
s%ä}$üś%8&<ģBP
]Cc{´*ŤĘݧ<ÛÉHAcW
IbU^IEKMbHYc]*~°(ġĪô
ķ)¥=%p69s%71GJ *
ĠĂ2ů2ı2čBP]Cc".7+
³b³*ţ<ÇřĽÎ&$+
Ĭy%8&
&ń8)Ĭ
+*BP]CcĬ(
yò%Ç
9$
8&
Ŀ ć
k¸´8*
&:%aAOI*£n+?`N%+
;(ŧŨ&mÞ$Ø)8EGZ@<
[c_KR)Ü ¿7Ø)9EGZ@
<[c_KR*ŕé)v|2*ŧŨ%®7
,
$
?`N&[c_KR&
%+EGZ@ŧŨ&*mÞüē)
$Ě(8&
&)ğĜ$ċ<ĒË
$
;*ŀ
Ŏļ+ÿ#
&ÍĴĈµļ*»lnýŘîi
Ĺ+¼ĚÎ<²o&$ċ<Ė0ÊÆÎ)
(
&ç$
85)Ÿåđ 7ŹĬ
+*BP]CcĬ(
yò%
Ç9$
8&
k¸´8&)5!
$ċ<Ė0ÊÆÎw$.*
ĦBP]Cc)+Ě(8yò"69
$
8;BP]Cc+BP]Cc%
!$Ĭ
BP]Cc+BP]Cc
s%ŋy9,Ĭ
Ä
*ďĕµě
¯<26¶
ĠĎæ)Ċ©B
P]Cc*ãŢ:&ŵy(ı)Ċ©
BP]Cc*ãŢ:&Ĭ
BP]
Cc+Ĭ
Ä
*³b³*ţ3
sĸ*¯<26*ďĕě)ň,
ĴĈą2.³b³*ţ3sĸ*¯
<26¤/Ĭ
Ä
*ďĕ
µě¯+5Ĭ
ĴĈy}&$
äŦ9Ë8:9+".7¶
ĠĎæ*Ś%8XQ3FcSI
2ŵy(ı)ęï8Ŧ*BP]Cc
Ę(; nØ)5!$ė9XQ3
FcSI%8*5(ŔÁs*y}<
Ü Ë8&
&*&¶
Ġ
Ďæ*Ś&$*XQ3FcSI)+ĴĈ
ěy}p9&)(7ċ<Ė/
:
%1GJ *¶
BP]Cc*Ś
«$ 1GJ *ıy-'*Āĉ%Ç9
8&q·$ĴĈGILWu%¶
BP
]Cc*Ù)5!$9Ë8py}
*ĶŲ<õĮ$/59Ë8p
7# *±y ±yńVolume 1, pp. 21-29
,İš(Vj)-óÅ,:+ĺ=!?
ùæv,ÉAºê=h'éČ*7,'
=:+Í@>=
Vj = Pf,j (Ep,j Eh,j) - Ij ….. (1)Å
'ý¯ j -ÀÃAĺ&=Pf,j zEUcGf <,¦đ*Ţħï'
<Ħ'vČ=Ep,j -góEUcGf
İĭŘEh,j -µÄŖŚ',èĪEUcGf
ûŌŘIj -Őİš'=góEUcGf
ĭŘ;µÄŖŚ',èĪEUcGfûŌ
ŘA½Æ&=,-µÄŖŚ',EU
cGf,ÞŔ-īþÆ+>=^V8J
fYL,Ċċ+ ;>&*;'=
Ł3'7*īþKLP]|')>
;,u>Ê=((
(Ň,ÏÐ+j=,-,£Š'=
2004 ÀÃA+Ö>. Pf,2004=26,000
GJ-1Ep,2004=23,596x106 GJ Eh,2004=2,259x106
GJ I2004=58,109x109 A Č & V2004=495,682x109 ø3=*ÝÂ
Đĺ 2004 ÀÃ,åì,Ē GDP -496
'# Fig.2 +-(1)Å(ĮłQfMAČ&ĽĞ
7;> Vj ,Øĝåì,Ē GDP ,Ø
ĝ(+Ě>&=*1954 À:<
-Ē GDP '-*Ē GNP Ě>&
<3 1952 Àw, Eh,j - Ep,j , 11.8%
Ŧ1953 À,÷ĀŧAx³ ,Ùı-Q
fM*(+:=
Ķ¡ü(+(1)Å;ðĥ Vj -
Ē GDP +à=«Aj7ř
+@ #&Wadc+Øĝ& (@
=,řëđ*
-ġoókĎ«Ó
É,Ćă*DeZdA7<Õ1 kĨ
wh+7@ #&Ò<Ġ#&=(ęŅ
'=,Ŝñ*ÝĤň;>ě
y-«ñª@< çŕđ
(Ł
*;+īþľò(EUcGf(A
Ĭ/$=ŝÒ<Ġ#&=:+Í@
>=řëđ*
(&Ł=(-
Ēh,īþľò(-:zEUcGf
<,Ċ°ILRŦĦŧ(ZBHM
fAr&ŋ¾z+ªÛ> EUcGf
ĭŘ,Øĝ(4*('=(
(!?
(?'2006 À+DMbC'ś>
ASPO ,yŊ+&T_f`fH¼Ġ«
±, Charles A.S. Halls ;,ĘğNf]ĸ#
ĐĺLaDSm+-
ScŦŋ¾ŧA
+EUcGf(ŝœ%>.:,
(
£ŠÖ;>& Ŧáć 8ŧėùÿĴ
+:=īþ0,DeWHRAIJ=h'ī
þAEUcGf,ŝß(&ĺ@(-ŗ
ļ*(!(1)Å-EUcGf,ĿĂ;
īþAĕ6= 6,g$,IJãAÚĚ=
7,'<ėùæv,A×<Œ<ė
Fig.2 -+ĺ>&=ĮłQfM+
·&¸±Ċd[c,ĥĹAä&Ê;>
Vj *=uİš,ðĥA8-<ĺ
>&=Ē GDP (l1&4 (?ř
ëđ*Øĝ,
+&Ľn*gĵęŅ
'=((AĚ 7,'=+
*&,Ľn*gĵ;²*
1GJŦėĄâŧ,Ŏ(&,^V8JfY
L-¿¥>.: 1GJ ,Ħ+à
=Ť'Æ>& (ض>=
½ďÎA®r(&āAĊ5ÈÅÎ
(
- ¿ Ł . ² s > &Ť ©
=”buy cheap, sell dear”
(¢q,ïŁ,
´ō+t*;*,!²s>
1GJ
,Ť©>=hŞ¿¥>.1GJ ,
Ħ2)+*;*(('7=
*'Č;>&=Ħ-őî÷ċ
Ĕŝíőݹş»őÝnÔ+:#& web h
'Đĺ>&=ßAČ&=,!
>-ťúċIKXFb,:*Ť*÷Ā
'-*gŗŘ'ôŏ ŢWeï:
<-Á;ŤĦ(&-ēÇ+²÷
ĀŁ@.Ċ°hËļ*è{÷Ā,Ţħ
ï'=(AuŃ&
&ņij-)&Ħu,
«Aľ³=:*[eN\fH'<
į ,,ĉčAĖ< =+"
*,ĉč+$&Ĝ*<,ĽŀAw
i+Ń(+=
3<Ñʼn*(7>*Ĝ
"-ÆAr&Ċ°&=>9
è+IJ=1pÛ-Ţâ(},pÛ'
*>.*;*&>è+IJ
=1pÛ'=9+,pÛ
,t,ĢpÛ+=:,§Ā(*<
Ê=!?(,g$,ģ'=
2004 ÀÃ,QfM+:>.1GJ Ŧĩ 26
bORcŧ,ù- 684 1GJ Ŧĩ 73kgŧ
,Ħ- 26,000 '# ,QfMA~#
&ù,Ôéij(Ħ,Ôéij(,pÛ+ŝ
=ÍIJ´ţAĸ*#&4:
(i) EUcGf,ó',ĢpÛ(&
ąpÛA=*;.26 bORc,ù(
73kg ,Ħ,pÛÇ'?,:*
pÛÒĠ *;.ùA½7,
- 25,316 ,ÊA=ĦA½7
,- 25,316 ēÇ,ܬAĻ=,:*
Æ+Ì=ö,:őõ-*!?
(ii) Ĉ´kĎ'-gķ+ï+:#&ĺ
>=,ó',ĢpÛĸ@>&=
'īþđ,ó',ĢpÛA
ŋ¾Ar¤+ĸ# ¨AIJ&4:
2 '¶t ¶tĿVolume 1, pp. 21-29
!.726,000 )ĢŨ73kg1GJũ% 26,000
)ýŨ994 [KM\38GJũ)Ĉk
ÞĴ;9%8)5'kÞ(5
#ý<¾2)*Ĩăđ})÷
$É<8%'AO\Ca)÷$
37GJ )ß±<Ķ8'(36ýÖíĭ*
ß' Ñ#
·n
9#
ŧ®8%£l)ôĻ<¹ō#'
)5'kÞ)š(*o}č
'
(iii)57ȹ(œXL\*ý 1GJ )
AO\Ca<Ø
#čĎ9XP8
*EaTG( 26,000 )<o#1GJ
26,000 )Ģ%kÞ8«$8)%
ý 1GJ ²<¯XP8*Ea
TG<Å×Ú.'Š7(#
jÒ*hĥ.8('!.7A
O\Ca)÷$)ŝÜđ'Ġ}kÞ%Ĩă
đ})÷$)Ġ}kÞfĝĉÒ
)%1GJ )ý)Ő*ì°$
25,316 ĔÆ)o}<č/%('
8:
÷$
ý 1GJ )Ő$8XP A < 1GJ
)Ģ%kÞlĢ<Ŧ-()
1GJ )Ģ<ý 1GJ )Ő$8XP B %
kÞ%5)%1GJ )Ģ
kÞ<³m%('8:)5
(#kÞ)©Ćü.9+1GJ )Ģ)
p;7( 1GJ )Ģ%)ÅÞŨņÀũ<ď
#2Å*Ôĝ8('
)5'ÅÔĝ8%(5 #
1GJ )Ő$8XP A )Å2XP B )
Å2(ì° 25,316 )o}<č0%
('81GJ )b÷AO\Ca|ĩ(5
#č/98o})cŠ5
1GJ )Ģ}(5 #ü. #.'6+
Ĩăx$)o}īť*čĎÿ(Ø
9AO\CaŚ(ø{9É8
o}*(1)Ä)5(¸Ä$8:
$*&#čµcÊĸ'ìwûĆ)Ŧ
ä}ô©Ć')Ũřı3į*vAO\
Ca7)}ô%#*ţ¿(ŧ}'Ŧñ
$8ũ
%Ļ+ďŖ)/(.$
ŏ/Œ=$Ĭº'9+'6''8:
ĕýĄĮ)¤ij$*eĐđ(í'[JY
aN`Q@^RaD) The Party’s OverŨğ 5
Ğũ$2ĺ969#85(ņÀ*ł
)ś<Ŋć%#Ęt<Āŕ#8Æ)
2)$8ŨãĊ 9ũ
ę*ś%Ŧģ
<kÞ8%(5 #č#7Ŧ-8
1(*śÊĸ)ś*ł
ďŖöŞ6ś<'%(*Ęt
(|ĩ9'='/)g(ħ/Œ
.9#8$8ś*'
Ŧ-81(Êĸ'ś*9'%ò
rĘt(Ń9#8)čµc)Êĸ
<ą!!Ęt)śńÙ<ì¼85
'òr)d$đ(Ġ}kÞĴ;9
8'6+čµcÊĸ'ìwûĆ)Ŧä}ô
<©Ć%85'ĨăÇy698)$*
':%)ę)Ì%:$
8
%:$Ęt(Ń9śńÙ<c¥
8WaG$Ęt<Āŕ8ņÀ¬8'6
+l*RV\(Ŏ8%28%
%<ę*¶=$8Fig.2 (ė9
Vj %ē GDP )ŧĔŞÍ*Ĩă%AO\
Ca%)Ŝîđ'Ş~Í%ć$*æ(ą
Ō'Ϫ$85(Ì;986'8
Ĭº<s##/55Ĺ9+Ėŀ98
Vj %ē GDP )¾)С<Ĭ#/8)
$8·AO\Ca69É8o
}īť*(1)Ä<z #õġ$8
9É8o}*Ê2XP3Ea
TG)}ô(ê98Êĸ*':
o}*§¨3óÄ)5'ňĎ}ô)
cè(7Û69#2*'ň
Ď}ô*GDP )ļġ( .9#'
$*ÕÈ)LaH)/<ď#Vj %
ē GDP )¾ť<ĦĜ Si <ňĎ}ô
)ÝĚ%øő#/5á¶đ(ĽŔ9
+ÕÈ)8ÁÃ i .$) Vj %ē GDP )
¾)ĦĜ Si *÷Ä$ĵ98
ŨĂ´
*ÁÃ<»Ë#8ũ
j=i
Si =
(V j GDP j ) …(2)Ä
j=1945
Fig.3 *¦úĨăļġ%#àÂĵ
çð)ňĎŨŅàÁÃïũ)i%
#§¨6'8íÇţčĎňĎ%óÄ
)Ťē(Ľ9ňĎ}ô)īť<(1)Ä(5
#ġ9 Vj %ē GDP )¾)ĦĜ
Si %øő2)$8İ¡ā%(
ĦĜ Si *ňĎīť(â8BaIa<
í#71985 Á.$*§¨5,óÄ)
īť%SZ]\(ÝĚ#%<ė#
81986 Á6 1990 Á.$*§¨%óÄ
)īť*ĦĜ Si <ŋ#Īu)
ëî*;48çð)ňĎRV\%¢+98
ëî$88С$*ňĎīť)cè
AO\Ca)}ô¾6čÉ8o}
(ķo69#' %/'%2$
8:İ¡ā%(*)ķo
)'Ř)øċ*;48Ēŗþ(
2%"#řÎĤŢùľġÆë)ň
Ď}ô)RV\øċ%ěÃ')$8Ũã
Ċ 10ũ
RV\½qşňĎ}ôìœ.$dIJ
Ī%*ĽÓ(å%:ŧ
'Ĩă¶ĭ$8>a_?^D`U?KF
YaņÀ)ʼnŇ
Ũğ 4 Ğũ)g$Łé
2 '
¡_ ¡_ĺVolume 1, pp. 21-29
#
5(dÛRÏ*fĂxŒ(5
#269¶8)6ŗv'fĂxŒ
(5 #GJMĻą9GJM*
µ(*fĂĦ(5 #ŅādÛSİ
%*T¸Ŀ$2'=$2'
ůËý 11Ű
0:Įí
%*¥ţ)ŅāĤŪ)Ã
ĒĠĔg Si )Ñĥ<
6S ŋ7
$!.7>EM?P)dÛª6¶
8[zdg)Ĵ[%9ŋ7$¥ţ)
ŅāĤŪSä. %
%$8
)%*.ġî%>EM?P<šœ"
#ĩ8R$ūĜdÛ(ċĈ8%)
ÒĂ¹<Ď#
85(¸;98
¢d' 1GJů~čúÌŰ)~ň%#)L
F3APHB*9+5 1GJ n
)Ě(Ê8Ŭg$³9#%<
Ľ#)%6Ŋݱ9©
Ý<UÙ%8ř«~Ŕ=ÿă<ç
8%$89
9%¬Ŋ$
'
ÿă(-'6'
Ĺ<ğ~81(ĀāáÜ3Ìû
Ņ)@BD<öĸ#Āāû)ŃdÛ%
úÌdÛ%)ªŪ6rôĀ8ü»
<ĩ#/5 1GJ n)Ěd<Ų1GJ n)
~čúÌdÛ<ų%#1GJ n)Ě)Āā
(* nGJ )~čúÌ<Ál#
8%5
)%ĚĀā(58rô*â²)5(
'8
ĚĀā)rô = Ųűnų … (3)²
QÍnGJ )~čúÌ<Ál#a6)
LF3APHBĀā9#6Ń98
.$)rô*#â)5'h<
2!%< Fig.2 *Ď#
8
QįĆ'Āāê|)rô = nXűnų…(4)²
ŊÝĀāů6òÝ2Ű$*~čúÌ
)Ál(5 #@BDwz#rô<
Ħ#.Z)ġîê|$*¢
~čúÌ)Ál(5 #@BDw<
(rô8ŊÝĀā*Ŋķà(5
#i)RŢsĞ98QÍ$©ÝĀā
*~čúÌ)ōzĆÁl(5 #Āā<Â
8%$~čúÌ)rĂŔ0
$2ŊÝ])ŦĂ<¶8
!#)ìńĪĚd)7R*¢
>EM
?P)~ň%#)LF3APHB57Ŭ
98Ö^<´~.āŊāû
)ʼnlŃÝĪ(e¤<*7ŊÕġî5
72ř«ġî<r85(bĂ*
ĵ{ś(Ç69ŊÈÀq9#ä.'
ªĄ¹rô<Ā/m)6ůË
ý 7Ű¢
~čúÌ)2)©Ý~ÃŔ
)1)Ť9ĵ{ś)5'2) )ĉ`(:%#đ*ř
«~)ë9(V7w7<ūŊÝ*·Ř
9)
XËĝ)¡ĪjĀŌ\~);9Ŗ
)5(Ľ#
ď_þŁ)Ôņ*
Ķ8(ùy¡)ė 2 éuĕ[8Ú
Ôũ<śŜĆÇ}£(
#IJŧ~
'
XõĆÄĨ(Ň#
)!.7
>EM?PÆ98°(NBĀ8%
sĞ<k9'
KNCBġîĆ(¼7
Ė!5(ē>EM?PdÛ(¯p<!
7#
#Ę
*)>E
M?P<Ęd'2)%#¿;'
ġîĆ
(*ÿĆûÿ¡Ć(*ãČ1
½Ý
*æU(ó>EM?P<Éŕ
æ<Þ¼8Şŝn <o7t/
;4
8>ODNIP)<0:ző8
%<Ŗ[%
)*Ę
*)
>EM?PĄ'8dÛ<Ò8%
ªĄ
¹rô)ñè%'7~čúÌ<ú3
+ú3-&X)rěĐ<ð5
(Ö^[6®Ŗ(2>EM?P
cĢŚ)` %$Ş
ŠX
*YÎ572ŀ'Ó×<º
Åģ8
%$ġî*¼Şř«)ħØ*
Í6X<
¦ď_)Ò7ß<Q
%:Y3ġî¼Ş*Ũ¾%'7
ıŗř«~*åø%#
89
$2'ř«,)XťU*ģ
#
8ş
ŭŮ-&(Í*ijŎ)QŐ<&7
ř«(*ł¨Ĕģ#
89<
Èç)öĬ(¬8%*ę)5
'ď_þŁùy¡)ė 2 éu%
T
ŏ¹<ľ ĭøéu(Ň#
8%ĩ
8X*ćö(Ę
:a(2#
čæïīÐ\(*ūĜ)¢£cĢ÷Ċ)ļ
ũ('8%Wº98ř«~<Ŗ
6$!+¿t ¿tŷVolume 1, pp. 21-29
p;öı7,ņ!#. <)ÏƇ
(+ 9ƗÍIJĞţ-ѱfÎÒ
ѱĺ+ŤyƤʼn(«Ƈ<;âÁc
-ÅčƇÃ-Ò)¤ŇÕ,+;2(ƗÍ
-ğ<.ś"=
Łėģťÿq,ŋ
ņ!#Ú,
Łĩø,{¾+[BV`NOB]1)·
ƥ?Ǝ+</+9++;),.
-ķª6+"ƀÐŘĢ-ƅ,8
$' <)[BV`NOB]?·ƥ
;)(+(;J.H. Kunstler Łė
ģťÿq?“long emergency”)Ůİ!8
,Ƭ÷Į 12ƭƞƟƑŇņ!#?
Ù#' "
Łĩøĵć-DT]GaĴ-ë¹,8
$'ƗÍƍ@"Ƌ,Łėģť,u
bĒDT]Gazřƚ-ģȰú1-
õ?}*.ķ>++9/
Ĩ¿-ō 2 Ě,Ō?Ĺ;¡ňDT]G
a|Ċ-ÔÊ<;8,.Ţ9<+
9"DT]Ga|Ċ?Ś;8+Ý
ƍĺ+ńtóŏ,8$'Ƈč?³ļ)!^
aF]`JXYSRA-IJ?ŸÆ;)
.kƘĦŗ-ìƚ?ģ;Þ;¼ċ(6;-"(,ŧ
¹!ƗÍ-ŘĢ?ƫĸ;]a]?ź
8+6-(:íĴ-Űƈ3.+"
=
)Ŵ$'ƗÍÀĜ)>(
.+<2(-¦ƌ:")</Œ
|,qŮ<;ƨœ|Ċcü++9/
Łėģť,ubĒDT]GaŜzřƚ-ģ
È,8$'>:>:)¥Ľc-ŘĢű
ĎŞÇ#9#9(ƉĢƣ
+Ĭę,ľƤ;"=ŘĢĺġi?Ɣ
;,.¥Ľc-ŘĢűĎ-ŞÇ?Ɣ;Û
ů; <.ƨœ|Ċ-cü?ůr)
;$!Űú"1970 Òq-EB]`
LZQH?h:;Ơ,.ŀDTéŭ-î
ƍ6;)+9ƨőÕ,8$'×ď
ĺ,Œ|?£:c;)(!)
ĭiī|
)Ʃ<.!6--DT]
Ga·ïį,Ŗ<!ī|wŔ-íŐÞ
,;ªƦ?¬Ɣ;c(»!."
"oû(,ƨø¨-Ɔ
¶|Ċ.c
ü³Ż,;ŘĢ-I^aU].fĶ
űĎ(ī|wŔ?ÑĤ':%'n
ħĺ,ƨœ|Ċ?ĿØ,£:c!ûĄ(.
ƨø¨-ĠƂţ|Ċ.cüƣ+$';
'!)ƨœ|Ċcü'6ƪ
p|?IJ3µç.Ƈą(.+
đČƍ@"ƗÍ+-"ƨœ|Ċ-cü
.cƊ!8,ƗÍƖ(ƢŖĺ,«2<
;ËčIJij?;Ćr(:2!À
¸¯ijƇijī-Ɔ
ë¹?}!5,ĻŦ
,6¯-Ƈčƙ,.èñ)+:4=
n.ƗÍ,Ɯp,<Łėģťÿq,
![BV`NOB]1-·ƥ?ƏÖ
;"=
“There is no plan B.”)Ŵ><;8,Łė
ģť)nƧ cā¹-ƣª,Ä'ńt
ĺűĎ(ųĕ®9<;).+ <(
'Łėģť-īıĺİÂ.ŃÂ,IJĞĔĤ
?vd;"="Łėģť,Ä
;ńtóŏĺ+ųĕŏ+),ē&
<nĺ,Ä+</+9+ªƦ
")ŽŲ;,ũ$!)Ű-þ;n
.!)ŘĢĺ,.e¢ı")'6IJ
ī¿ĺ+Ɛ§?Ũ-ã)˺)Ɓs(Ɠ
êŨ-ā6ÓŅ)Üú¦,ƍ@(
)),+;,ƒ+
ĄłŊ.ƛĖŠŭËŪ¹¿ô©łŊjč
mpƛ,ò9<'ƎŬ<!2!Ą web
¿tŷŝƢ½©ƞ80¥-ĉŹţ,.
Ăãš+KMCNPZ_)ĥ?Ƅ:2!
)äž-ã?Ů!
ưƮCaroline Lucas, Andy Jones, and Colin Hines ,
FUELLING A FOOD CRISIS The Impact
of Peak Oil on Food SecurityƬ2006 Ò)
http://www.carolinelucasmep.org.uk/publications/
pdfs_and_word/Fuelling%20a%20food%20cr
isis%20FINAL%20Dec06.pdf
ƱƮĐă~Ŷ
ĊÌńtxªƦ+-
ÉěùĀ2006 Ò
ƲƮFrederick Soddy,THE ROLE OF MONEY,
Routledge, 1934 ÒƬreprint 2003 Òƭ
ƳƮdąĘŘ̹¯ûĄ-ƓêĈĝŘ
Ģù´ń1971 Ò
ƴƮdąĘûĄŘĢåƞżƛūſój
áłŊt1962 Ò
ƵƮChristopher Hollis, The Two Nations: A
financial study of English history ,
Routledge, 1935 ÒƬreprint 2006 Ò)Ƭƕŵ`
ÑlýºŵBG\Nƛūşà Ɲ²
Īń1943 Òƭ
ƶƮÉlnkbfŕƃĄgšżŎ
ðĀæ2000 Ò
ƷƮCharles Hall, "EROI, the Key Variable in
Assessing Alternative Energy Futures? Ƭ2006 Ò)
http://www.aspoitalia.net/images/stories/aspo5pre
sentations/Hall_ASPO5.pdf
ƸƮRichard Heinberg, The Party’s Over: Oil,
War and the Fate of Industrial Societies,
Clairview, 2003 Ò
ưƯƮƙßŕơUW]-ŘĢ¿ ûĄŘ
:0 :0dVolume 1, pp. 21-29
N1fHJYNG]U
1992 ?
nnmIrving Fischer, The Purchasing Power of
Money: Its Determination and Relation to
Credit Interest and Crises , Macmillan
Company, 1912 ?
n o m James Howard Kunstler, The Long
EMERGENCY, Atlantic Monthly Press,
2005 ?
Je\
Q
ZbF3
Tj>8icA0[F9HJ 100
? DaW 4 O
EDMC/!()",+YN
Zb_`(2006 ?O)65
Ih&,$
;4@ *$,(
%'-4^Q
X2
CV
gLMPSkKgE<l
=gE/7B.c web # 'R^
&,$Q
http://www.shizuoka.info.maff.go.jp/22syokuryou
/zyouhou/data/bekamei.htm
http://www.shizuoka.info.maff.go.jp/22syokuryou
/zyouhou/data/bekasyo.htm
http://www.shizuoka.info.maff.go.jp/22syokuryou
/zyouhou/data/bekahei.htm
© Copyright 2025 Paperzz