TVRSJ Vol.21 No.2 pp.243-250, 2016 ᇶ♏ㄽᩥ ࢫ࢝ࢵࢳࣗ:ཱྀ⭍➽ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢᨭࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿ ࢩࣜࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨ ṇᮌ ⤢ ᰗ 㟷 ᐑෆ ᑗᩯ ᮌᮧ ᑲ 㔝ᔱ ⌶ஓ Squachu: Development of the Serious Game for Helping Oral Muscle Training Ayano MASAKI Qing LIU Masato MIYAUCHI Takashi KIMURA and Takuya NOJIMA Abstract --- The oral muscle weakness gives a bad influence to the usual life activities such as swallowing and utterance. However, the conventional training methods in use to ease these problems are monotone and therefore result in the discontinuity of training. This research adds a new function - mouth shape recognition - to SITA (a Simple Interface for Tongue motion Acquisition) and uses it to develop “Squachu” application. Squachu is a sports game using player's mouth not only for seniors but also for everyone regardless of their gender and age. This paper performed the experiment that 4 seniors played Squachu for approximately 1 week. As a result, almost participant’s evaluated values of RSST and oral diadochokinesis tends to improve. Also it appeared that participants had positive attitude towards playing Squachu. These results suggest that Squachu can be one of the training for helping oral muscle. This paper describes the system configuration and presents the evaluation results of Squachu training effects on seniors. Keywords: Sports game, Serious game, Oral shape recognition, Dysphagia 1 䛿䛨䜑䛻 ཱྀ⭍䛿ヰ䛩䠈㣗≀䜢ᦤྲྀ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖⏕䛝䜛䛣䛸䛻┤᥋ 㛵䛩䜛ჾᐁ䛷䛒䜚䠈ே㛫䜙䛧䛥䜢⾲䛩௦⾲ⓗ䛺ჾᐁ䛸 䛧䛶㔜せ䛺ᙺ䜢ᢸ䛳䛶䛔䜛[1] 䠊䛭䜜௨እ䛻䜒䠈⯉ᡴ 䛱䜔ཱྀ䜢䛸䛜䜙䛫䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜛ឤ⾲⌧䠈ၚᾮศἪ䛻䜘 䜛ᾘ䛸ච䜈䛾㛵䛺䛹䛾ᙺ䛜䛒䜛䠊䛭䛾ᙺ䜢 ᯝ䛯䛩䛯䜑䠈ཱྀ㍯➽䞉ᄮ➽䞉ෆ⯉➽䞉እ⯉➽䞉ဗ㢌➽ 䛸䛔䛳䛯➽⫗䛜⏝䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊 䛧䛛䛧䠈䛣䜜䜙䛾➽⫗䛿䠈ຍ㱋䠈䛒䜛䛔䛿䝎䜴䞁䛾䜘 䛖䛺≉ᐃ䛾ᝈ䛻䜘䜚䠈➽ຊ䛜పୗ䛧䠈䛘䜀ᦤ㣗䞉ᄟ ୗᶵ⬟పୗ䜔䠈ᵓ㡢㞀ᐖ➼䛾䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺ၥ㢟䜢ᘬ䛝㉳ 䛣䛩[2] ≉䛻䠈ᄟୗᶵ⬟䛾పୗ䛿䠈ㄗᄟᛶ⫵⅖䛾ཎᅉ 䛾䜂䛸䛴䛸䛺䜚䠈ὀ┠䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䜜䛿䠈᪥ᮏே䛾Ṛஸ ཎᅉ䛾 3 䛷䛒䜛⫵⅖䛷Ṛஸ䛩䜛ே䛾 75䠂䛜 70 ṓ௨ ୖ䛷䛒䜚䠈70 ṓ௨ୖ䛾㧗㱋⪅䛾⫵⅖䛾 80.1䠂௨ୖ䛜ㄗ ᄟ䛻㛵ಀ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸䛔䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛[3] 䛯䜑䛷䛒䜛䠊 䛭䛾ᑐ⟇䛸䛧䛶䛿䠈⯉䜔ཱྀ࿘䜚䛾➽ຊ䜢㘫䛘䜛䛣䛸䛷 ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟䜢⥔ᣢ䞉ྥୖ䛥䛫䜛䛣䛸䛜ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛䠊䛭䛾䜘䛖 䛺᪉ἲ䛸䛧䛶䛿䠈Myofunctional Therapy (MFT) [4] 䠈ཱྀ ⭍య᧯[5] [6] 䛺䛹䠈⯉䜔ཱྀ䛾䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䝉䝑䝖䛜䛒䜛䠊 㟁Ẽ㏻ಙᏛᏛ㝔ሗ䝅䝇䝔䝮Ꮫ◊✲⛉ Graduate School of Information Systems - The University of Electro-Communications ㆤ⚟♴タ䜔䠈⫥య⮬⏤ඣ䠄㔜ᗘ䝎䜴䞁ඣ䠅䛾 ㏻䛖≉ูᨭᏛᰯ䛷䛿䠈ᦤ㣗䞉ᄟୗᶵ⬟䛾ᨵၿ䜔䠈ည 䜏ྜ䛔䛾▹ṇ䠈ᵓ㡢㞀ᐖ䛾ᨵၿ䛺䛹䛾䛯䜑䠈ṑ⛉་ᖌ 䜢䛿䛨䜑䛸䛩䜛ᑓ㛛⫋⪅䛾ᣦᑟ䛾ୗ䛷䠈䛣䜜䜙䛾⯉䜔ཱྀ 䛾䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛜ᐇ㝿䛻⏝䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊 䛧䛛䛧䛺䛜䜙䠈ㆤタ䛻ධᒃ䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔ᅾᏯ㧗㱋 ⪅䛺䛹䛾ሙྜ䠈⯉䜔ཱྀ䛾䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䜢䛩䜛ᶵ䠈ືᶵ 䛻ஈ䛧䛟䛺䜚䛜䛱䛷䛒䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈䛣䛾✀䛾䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛿䠈 ୍⯡ⓗ䛻䛿䠈ᑓ㛛⫋⪅䛻䜘䜛ᐃᮇⓗ䛺ᣦᑟ䛾䜏䛺䜙䛪䠈 ᪥ᖖⓗ䛻䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜⌮ⓗ䛷䛒䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䝖 䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ືస䛿䠈༢ㄪ䛷㏥ᒅ䜢ឤ䛨䜛䛣䛸䜒䛒䜚䠈ᣦᑟ ⪅ᅾ䛾≧ែ䛷䛿⥅⥆䛜ᅔ㞴䛸䛺䜛䛣䛸䜒ከ䛟䛒䜛䠊䜎 䛯䠈䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛷ᑠ㐨ල䜢⏝䛩䜛ሙྜ[7] 䠈䝃䝫䞊 䝖䛾⾨⏕⎔ቃ䛾⥔ᣢ䛜ၥ㢟䛸䛺䜚䜔䛩䛔䠊 ⴭ ⪅ 䜙 䛿 䛣 䜜 䜎 䛷 䠈 SITA 䠄 a Simple Interface for Tongue motion Acquisition䠅䛸䜀䜜䜛㠀╔ཱྀ⭍እ⯉ 㐠ືィ 䝅䝇䝔䝮䜢㛤Ⓨ䛧䠈䛭䜜䛻䜘䜛䝎䜴䞁ඣ❺䛾 䛯䜑䛾⯉䞉ཱྀ⭍➽䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䝀䞊䝮䜢㛤Ⓨ䛧䛶䛝䛯 [8] 䠊ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿ᖖ⪅䜢ྵ䜑䛯ᖜᗈ䛔ᖺ㱋ᒙ䛾ே䜢 ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛶䠈䛭䛾䜘䛖䛺ே䚻䛜୍ே䛷䠈䛛䛴⾨⏕ⓗ䛺⎔ ቃ䛷⥅⥆ⓗ䛻⯉䜔ཱྀ䛾䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛩䜛䠈ཱྀ⭍ ➽䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ᨭ䝅䝸䜰䝇䝀䞊䝮㛤Ⓨ䜢┠ᣦ䛩䠊ᮏㄽ ᩥ䛷䛿䠈䜎䛪 SITA 䝅䝇䝔䝮䜢ᣑᙇ䛧䠈ཱྀ⭍య᧯୰䛾」 ᩘ䛾㐠ືㄆ㆑䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛧䛯䠊䛭䛧䛶䛭䜜䛻䜘䜚㛤Ⓨ䛥䜜 − 243 − ᪥ᮏ䝞䞊䝏䝱䝹䝸䜰䝸䝔䜱Ꮫㄽᩥㄅ Vol.21, No.2, 2016 䛯ཱྀ⭍➽䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ᨭ䝀䞊䝮䠈䛂䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛃䛾ヲ⣽ 䛻䛴䛔䛶ሗ࿌䛩䜛䠊䜎䛯㧗㱋⪅タ䛻䛚䛡䜛ホ౯ᐇ㦂 䛻䛶䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥䝺䜲䛻䜘䜛ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟ᨵၿຠᯝ䛜♧ ၀䛥䜜䛯䛾䛷䠈䛭䛾ヲ⣽䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒ሗ࿌䛩䜛䠊 ᄟୗ㛫䛾▷⦰䛸䛔䛳䛯ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟ᨵၿຠᯝ䛜ㄆ䜑䜙䜜 䛯䠊ཱྀ⭍య᧯䛿䠈⡆༢䛷ຠᯝ䛜ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䜛䛸䛔䛖ඃ䜜䛯 ≉㛗䜢᭷䛩䜛䜒䛾䛾䠈⥅⥆䛾䛯䜑䛾ືᶵ䛡䛸䛔䛖ほⅬ 䛷䛿ㄢ㢟䛜ṧ䜛䠊 2 㛵㐃◊✲ 3 ㄆ㆑䝅䝇䝔䝮 2.1 ⯉ㄆ㆑䝅䝇䝔䝮䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲ ⯉ㄆ㆑䝅䝇䝔䝮䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿䠈㌟య䛻ఱ䜙䛛䛾ィ ⨨䜢╔䛩䜛䛛ྰ䛛䛷䛴䛻ศ䛡䜛䛣䛸䛜ฟ᮶䜛䠊䛭䛧 䛶ᚑ᮶◊✲䛾䜋䛸䜣䛹䛿╔ᆺ䛾䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛒䜚䠈㠀 ╔䛷⯉ㄆ㆑ྍ⬟䛺䝅䝇䝔䝮䛿ᴟ䜑䛶ᑡ䛺䛔䠊 Huo 䜙䛿䠈☢▼䜢⏝䛧䛶㐃⥆ⓗ䛻⯉㐠ື᳨ฟ䜢ྍ ⬟䛸䛩䜛䝅䝇䝔䝮䜢ᥦ䛧䛯[9] 䠊Huo 䜙䛾䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛿䠈 䜎䛪⯉ඛ䛻ᑠᆺ䛾☢▼䜢╔䛩䜛䠊䛴䛔䛷ཱྀ䛾እ䠈ᕥ ྑ୧ഃ䛻☢ຊ䝉䞁䝃䜢㓄⨨䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䛾☢ຊ䝉䞁䝃 䛾್䛛䜙☢ຊ䛾୰ᚰ䜢᥎ᐃ䛧䠈⯉ඛ䛾⨨䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊 䛣䛾ᡭἲ䛷䛿⯉ඛ䛾☢▼䛾 3 ḟඖ⨨ᗙᶆ䜢㐃⥆ⓗ 䛻ྲྀᚓ䛷䛝䜛䛯䜑䠈⯉䛻䜘䜛ධຊ᧯స䛾⾲⌧䛾ᖜ䛿ᗈ 䛔䛸ゝ䛘䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈ཱྀ⭍ෆ䛻ᑠᆺ䛾☢▼䜢㓄⨨䛧䛶䛔 䜛䛯䜑䠈⾨⏕㠃䜈䛾ᝏᙳ㡪䠈ㄗ㣧䛾༴㝤ᛶ䛻䛴䛔䛶↓ ど䛩䜛䛣䛸䛿䛷䛝䛺䛔䠊䜎䛯 Goel 䜙䛿䠈ཱྀ䜢㛢䛨䛯≧ែ 䛷䠈ཱྀ䛾ෆഃ䛛䜙⯉䜢㢋䛻䛚䛧䛴䛡䛯䜚䠈㢋䜢䜅䛟䜙䜎 䛫䛯䜚䠈㢡䜢ື䛛䛩䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚ኚᙧ䛧䛯㢋䛾ᙧ≧䜢䠈䝉䞁 䝃䞊䛻䜘䜚㠀᥋ゐ䛻ㄆ㆑䛩䜛䝅䝇䝔䝮䜢㛤Ⓨ䛧䛯[10] 䠊 ⯉㐠ື䜢ྵ䜑䛯ཱྀ࿘㎶䛾ᙧ≧䜢᳨ฟ䛧䠈ධฟຊ䛸䛧䛶 ⏝䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜≉㛗䛷䛒䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䛺䛜䜙ㄆ㆑ྍ⬟䛺ື స䛿 8 ㏻䜚䛻㝈䜙䜜䛶䛧䜎䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊ຍ䛘䛶ㄆ㆑䛾䛯䜑 䛻䠈䝦䝑䝗䝣䜷䞁ᆺ䛾⨨䜢╔䛧䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䛸 䛔䛖ၥ㢟䛜䛒䜛䠊䛣䜜䛿⾨⏕㠃䜔Ᏻᛶ䛾ほⅬ䛷䛿ၥ 㢟䛸䛿䛺䜙䛺䛔䛜䠈ẖ᪥䞉ᡭ㍍䛻⏝䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜢ᛕ 㢌䛻䛚䛟䛺䜙䜀䠈㌟య╔䛩䜛⨨䛿ᑡ䛺䛔䛛䠈↓䛔䛣 䛸䛜ᮃ䜎䛧䛔䠊 ୍᪉ Liu 䜙䛿䠈䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊䝍䛻᥋⥆䛥䜜䛯 RGB 䜹䝯䝷 䛷ᙳ䛧䛯䝸䜰䝹䝍䜲䝮䛾䝡䝕䜸䝇䝖䝸䞊䝮䜢⏝䛔䠈⏬ീ 䜢ฎ⌮䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䠈⯉䛾䝆䜵䝇䝏䝱䜢ㄆ㆑䛩䜛䝅䝇䝔䝮䜢 㛤Ⓨ䛧䛯[11] 䠊䛣䛾⯉䜲䞁䝍䝣䜵䞊䝇䛿䠈䜹䝯䝷⏬ീ䜢 䛳䛯⯉䛾ㄆ㆑ᡭἲ䛷䛒䜛䛯䜑䠈䝕䝞䜲䝇╔ᆺ䛾ㄆ㆑ ᡭἲ⏝䛻ၥ㢟䛻䛺䜛⾨⏕㠃䛷䛾༴㝤ᛶ䜔䠈ᶵჾ䜢 ㄗ㣧䛧䛶䛧䜎䛖䜘䛖䛺༴㝤䜒䛺䛔䠊䛧䛛䛧䛺䛜䜙䛣䛾䝅䝇䝔 䝮䛷ᐇ⌧䛷䛝䜛⯉䛾ື䛝䛿䠈ཱྀ䜢㛢䛨䛯䛸䛝䠈⯉䜢ฟ䛥䛪 䛻ཱྀ䜢㛤䛔䛯䛸䛝䠈䛭䛧䛶⯉䜢ୖୗᕥྑ䛻ฟ䛧䛯䛸䛝䛾 ྜィ 6 ㏻䜚䜎䛷䛻㝈䜙䜜䛶䛧䜎䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊 ཱྀ⭍እ䛾⯉㐠ື䛾ㄆ㆑䛾䛯䜑䛻䠈ⴭ⪅䜙䛜䛣䜜䜎䛷 㛤Ⓨ䛧䛶䛝䛯䠈SITA 䝅䝇䝔䝮䛸䜘䜀䜜䜛㠀╔ཱྀ⭍እ ⯉㐠ືィ 䝅䝇䝔䝮䜢⏝䛧䛯[8] 䠊䛣䜜䛿 RGB/῝ᗘ ⏬ീ䜹䝯䝷䜢⏝䛧䠈㠀᥋ゐ䞉㠀╔䛷ཱྀ⭍እ䛾⯉㐠ື 䜢ィ ྍ⬟䛸䛩䜛䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛒䜛䠊䝅䝇䝔䝮䛾䝴䞊䝄䛿 ᅗ 1 䛻䛒䜛䜘䛖䛻䠈䝕䜱䝇䝥䝺䜲䛾๓䛻タ⨨䛧䛯䝉䞁䝃 䛾๓䛻╔ᗙ䛧䠈⯉䜢ཱྀ⭍እ䛻✺䛝ฟ䛩䠊䛣䛾✺䛝ฟ䛧䛚 䜘䜃⯉ඛ䛾ᕥྑ䞉ୖୗ㐠ື䜢䝅䝇䝔䝮䛜ㄆ㆑䛧䠈୍ษ䛾 䝕䝞䜲䝇䜢㌟య䛻╔䛩䜛䛣䛸䛺䛟䠈䝀䞊䝮䛾᧯స䜢⾜ 䛖䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊䛣䛾䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛿䛂ཱྀ⭍య᧯䛃୰䛾 䛂⯉䛾య᧯䛃ືస䛾ㄆ㆑䛜༑ศྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈䛂ཱྀ䛾㛤 㛢䛃䠈䛂䛟䛱䜃䜛䛾య᧯䛃䛸䛔䛳䛯䠈ཱྀ၁ᙧ≧䛻䜎䛴䜟䜛 ືసㄆ㆑ᶵ⬟䛿ᐇ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䠊ᮏ❶䛷䛿䜎䛪䠈ᚑ ᮶䛾 SITA 䝅䝇䝔䝮䛻ᑐ䛧䛶⡆༢䛺ཱྀ⭍ᙧ≧ㄆ㆑䜢 䛧䠈ཱྀ⭍య᧯୰䛾」ᩘ䛾㐠ືㄆ㆑䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛩䜛ᨵⰋ 䜢⾜䛳䛯䠊 3.1 ⡆᫆ᆺཱྀ⭍ᙧ≧ㄆ㆑ᶵ⬟ ཱྀ⭍య᧯୰䛾ཱྀ၁ᙧ≧䛻㛵䛩䜛㐠ື䝉䝑䝖䛾୰䛛䜙䠈 ཱྀ䛾࿘䜚䛾ᚋ㍯➽➽⫗䜢㘫䛘䛶ཱྀ䛛䜙㣗䜉≀䛜䛣䜌䜜 ⴠ䛱䛺䛔䜘䛖䛻䛩䜛䠈/wu/䛸䠈/yi/䜢Ⓨ㡢䛩䜛䛾ཱྀ䛾ᙧ ≧䛸䠈䛒䛤䛾㛵⠇䛾ື䛝䜢䜘䛟䛧䛶ᄟୗຊ䜢ᙉ䛧䠈ည ➽➽⫗䜢㘫䛘䜛䠈ཱྀ䛾㛤㛢ືస䛾䛴䜢ㄆ㆑ᑐ㇟䛸䛧 䛶㑅ᐃ䛧䛯䠊ཱྀ⭍ᙧ≧䛾ㄆ㆑䛷⏝䛩䜛၁䛾ሗ䛿䠈 Facetracker[12] 䛻䜘䜚ᚓ䜙䜜䜛㢦䛾≉ᚩⅬ䛛䜙⟬ฟ䛥 䜜䜛䠊ཱྀ၁ᙧ≧ㄆ㆑䛻⏝䛥䜜䜛ኚᩘᐃ⩏䜢ᅗ 2 䛻♧ 䛩䠊၁㍯㒌䛻እ᥋䛩䜛▴ᙧ䛾ᶓᖜ䜢 mouthW 䛸䛧䠈⦪ ᖜ䜢 mouthH 䛸䛩䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈⦪ᶓẚ⋡䛷䛒䜛 mouthH / mouthW 䜢 mouthR 䛸䛩䜛䠊䛥䜙䛻䠈ୖ၁䛸ୗ၁䛾୰ᚰⅬ 䛾῝ᗘ್䛾ᖹᆒ್䜢 mouthD 䛸䛩䜛. 2.2 ཱྀ⭍カ⦎ἲ䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲ ᒸ䜙䛿䠈ᅾᏯ㧗㱋⪅䛜ᶵ⬟ῶ㏥䛻క䛖ᦤ㣗䞉ᄟୗ ᶵ⬟䛚䜘䜃ᵓ㡢ᶵ⬟䛾పୗ䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䠈㧗㱋⪅⮬㌟䛜⾜ 䛘䜛䠈ჾල䜢⏝䛔䛺䛔䛂ཱྀ⭍య᧯䛃䜢ᥦ䛧䛯[5] 䠊≉ᐃ 㧗㱋⪅䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛩䜛⮬Ꮿ䛻䛶䛾 3 䞃᭶㛫䛾カ⦎䜢ᐇ 䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䠈ཱྀ၁㛢㙐ຊ䛾ቑຍ䞉ᵓ㡢ᶵ⬟䛾ᨵၿ䞉ၚᾮ − 244 − ᅗ1 䝀䞊䝮䝥䝺䜲⎔ቃ[8] Fig.1 Setup for playing the prototype game[8] ṇᮌ : 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䠖ཱྀ⭍➽䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䜢ᨭ䛩䜛䝅䝸䜰䝇䝀䞊䝮䛾㛤Ⓨ ㄆ㆑䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿ᕥ᪉ྥ䛜 8.7㼼2.53 ᅇ䠈ྑ᪉ྥ䛜 8.7 㼼1.67 ᅇ䛸䛺䜚䠈ᴫ䛽Ⰻዲ䛷䛿䛒䜛䜒䛾䛾䠈䝥䝺䜲䝲䞊 ẖ䛻ㄆ㆑ᡂຌ⋡䛻䜀䜙䛴䛝䛜ぢ䜙䜜䛯䠊䛣䛾⤖ᯝ䜢⪃ ៖䛧䛶䠈➨ 5 ❶䛻䛚䛡䜛ᐇ㦂䛷䛿䠈⯉䛾ᕥྑ㐠ືㄆ㆑ 䛿⏝䛫䛪䠈⯉䛾ཱྀ⭍እ✺䛝䛰䛧䜢᧯సධຊ䛸䛧䛶᥇ ⏝䛧䛯䠊䛺䛚䠈⯉䛾ᕥྑ㐠ືㄆ㆑䛾ၥ㢟䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈 ⥅⥆䛧䛶ཎᅉㄪᰝ䛜⾜䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䛾ㄪᰝ䛾㐣⛬䛷䠈 ⏝⪅䛻ᑐ䛩䜛⡆༢䛺䜲䞁䝇䝖䝷䜽䝅䝵䞁䛜䠈⯉㐠ືㄆ ㆑ᛶ⬟䛾ᨵၿ䛻ຠᯝ䜢Ⓨ䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢☜ㄆ䛧䛯䠊䛣䜜䛿 ᮏၥ㢟䛾ᮏ㉁ⓗཎᅉ᥈ồ䛾ᡭ䛜䛛䜚䛷䛒䜛䛸ྠ䛻䠈 ᮏၥ㢟䛜䝀䞊䝮䝥䝺䜲䛻ᝏᙳ㡪䜢ཬ䜌䛩ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢䠈᭱ ప㝈䛻ᢚ䛘䜛䛣䛸䛻⧅䛜䜛䛸ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䜛䠊 ᅗ2 ⡆ཱྀ᫆၁ᙧ≧ㄆ㆑⏝䝟䝷䝯䞊䝍 Fig.2 Parameter definition for the simplified mouth shape recognition z /wu/ᙧ≧ㄆ㆑ /wu/䜢Ⓨ㡢䠈ཱྀ䜢๓䛻ᑤ䜙䛫䜛䛯䜑䠈ཱྀ䛾ᙧ≧䛿 䜎䜛䛟䛺䜚䠈၁䛿✺ฟ䛩䜛䠊䛭䛾䛯䜑䠈mouthR 䛿↓⾲ 䜘䜚䛝䛟䠈ྠ䛻 mouthD 䛜↓⾲䜘䜚ᑠ䛥 䛟䛺䜛(㧗䛟✺䛝ฟ䜛)䠊䛣䛾䛸䛝䛂/wu/ᙧ≧䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛䛃 䛸䜏䛺䛩䠊 z /yi/ᙧ≧ /yi/䜢Ⓨ㡢䛩䜛䛸䛝䛿䠈ཱྀゅ䜢ᶓ䛻ᘬ䛟䛯䜑䠈ཱྀ䛾ᙧ 䛜⣽㛗䛟䛺䜛䠊䛭䛾䛯䜑䠈mouthR 䛜ᇶ‽್䜘䜚ᑠ䛥䛟䠈 䛛䛴 W 䛿↓⾲䜘䜚䛝䛟䛺䜛䠊䛣䛾䛸䛝䛂/yi/ᙧ≧ 䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛䛃䛸䜏䛺䛩䠊 z ཱྀ䛾㛤㛢 ୖ၁䛸ୗ၁䛾㊥㞳䛜ᡤᐃ䛾ᇶ‽್䜘䜚䜒䛝䛟䠈䛛 䛴 mouthR 䛸 mouthW 䛜↓⾲䜘䜚䛝䛔ሙྜ䠈 䛂ཱྀ䜢㛤䛔䛶䛔䜛䛃䛸䜏䛺䛩䠊㏫䛻ୖ၁䛸ୗ၁䛾㊥㞳 䛜ᇶ‽್ᮍ‶䛾ሙྜ䠈䛂ཱྀ䜢㛢䛨䛶䛔䜛䛃䛸䜏䛺䛩䠊 3.2 ཱྀ⭍ᙧ≧ㄆ㆑⢭ᗘホ౯ ᥦ䛧䛯⡆᫆ᆺཱྀ⭍ᙧ≧ㄆ㆑ᡭἲ䛾ㄆ㆑⢭ᗘ䛻䛴 䛔䛶ホ౯ᐇ㦂䜢⾜䛳䛯䠊ホ౯䛩䜛ືస㡯┠䛿䠈䛂㛤ཱྀ䛃䠈 䛂/wu/ᙧ≧䛃䠈䛂/yi/ᙧ≧䛃䛾 3 䛴䛾ືస䛻ຍ䛘䛶䠈⯉䜢ཱྀ ⭍እ䛻ฟ䛧䛯䛾⯉ඛ⨨䛾䛂ᕥ䛃䠈䛂ྑ䛃䜢ྵ䜐 5 䛴䛷 䛒䜛䠊䛣䜜䜙䛿䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳᧯సୖ䛾ᇶᮏືస䛸䛧䛶⨨ 䛵䛡䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛿䠈ィ 7 ྡ䠄⏨ᛶ 4 ྡ䠈ዪ ᛶ 3 ྡ䠅䛷䠈ᖺ㱋䛿ဨ 20 ௦䛷䛒䜛䠊ཧຍ⪅䛿ဨ䠈 ⮬ᕫ⏦࿌䛻䜘䜚ᖖ⪅䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊 ᐇ㦂㛤ጞ䛻䠈䜎䛪ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾↓⾲䛾䝕䞊 䝍䜢グ㘓䛧䠈㆑ูᇶ‽್䜢ィ⟬䛩䜛䠊䛭䛧䛶䝷䞁䝎䝮䛻 ホ౯ᑐ㇟ືస䜢ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛻ᣦ♧䛩䜛䠊ྛືస䜢 10 ᅇホ౯䛩䜛䜎䛷⧞䜚㏉䛩䠊䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾ືస䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈 ṇ䛧䛟ㄆ㆑䛥䜜䛯䛛䛹䛖䛛䜢グ㘓䛩䜛䠊௨ୖ䛾ᡭ㡰䛻䜘 䜚ᐇ㦂䛿ᐇ䛥䜜䛯䠊㛤ཱྀ䠈䛂/yi/ᙧ≧䛃䛿ṇ䛧䛟ㄆ㆑䛥 䜜䛯ᅇᩘ䛜 10㼼0 ᅇ䛸䛺䜚䠈䜋䜌ၥ㢟䛺䛟ㄆ㆑ྍ⬟䛷䛒 䜛䛣䛸䛜☜ㄆ䛷䛝䛯䠊䛂/wu/ᙧ≧䛃䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿 8.9㼼0.98 ᅇ䛸䛺䜚䠈䜔䜔ㄗㄆ㆑䛜┠❧䛴䛜䠈9 ㏆䛔ᡂຌ⋡䜢⣡ 䜑䛯䠊䝀䞊䝮䝥䝺䜲䛺䜙䜃䛻ᚋ䛾ホ౯ᐇ㦂䛻⮴ⓗ 䛺ᙳ㡪䜢䛘䜛ᜍ䜜䛿ᑡ䛺䛔䛸ุ᩿䛥䜜䜛䠊⯉䛾⨨ 4 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾㛤Ⓨ 4.1 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾ᴫせ ᨵⰋ∧䛾 SITA 䛾ᛂ⏝䛸䛧䛶䠈㧗㱋⪅䜢ྵ䜑䛯ከᵝ䛺 ே䚻䛜ᴦ䛧䜑䜛ཱྀ⭍䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䝀䞊䝮䛾㛤Ⓨ䜢⾜䛖䠊 䛣䛾䝀䞊䝮䛿䠈䝇䜹䝑䝅䝳䛸䛔䛖⌫ᢏ䜢ᨵⰋ∧䛾 SITA 䛷 ᧯సྍ⬟䛺䝀䞊䝮䛸䛧䛶䜰䝺䞁䝆䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊᧯స 䛾≉ᚩⓗ䛺ཱྀ၁ᙧ≧䛷䛒䜛/wu/ᙧ≧䛛䜙䛾㐃䛷䠈 䛣䛾䝀䞊䝮䛿䛂䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛃䛸ྡ䛥䜜䛯䠊䛺䛚ᮏ䝀䞊䝮 䛿ୡ⏺䜖䜛䝇䝫䞊䝒༠[13] 䛾༠ຊ䛷㛤Ⓨ䞉ྡ䛥䜜 䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䠊䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝯䜲䞁⏬㠃䜢ᅗ 3 䛻♧䛩䠊⏬ 㠃୰ኸ䛻䝥䝺䜲䝲䞊䛷䛒䜛䝷䜿䝑䝖䠈䝥䝺䜲䝲䞊䛜ᡴ䛱㏉ 䛩䝝䞊䝖ᆺ䛾䝪䞊䝹䠈ྑୖ䛻䝇䝁䜰䠈ไ㝈㛫䛜⾲♧䛥 䜜䜛䠊䝥䝺䜲䝲䞊䛜ᡴ⌫䛻ᡂຌ䛧䛯㝿䛿㛫ⓗ䛻ኚ 䛩䜛䝝䞊䝖ᆺ䛸䛂䝤䝏䝳䛃䛸䛔䛖ᩥᏐ䛾䜶䝣䜵䜽䝖䛜䝷䜿䝑䝖 ࿘㎶䛻⾲♧䛥䜜䜛䠊ไ㝈㛫䛿 1 ศ䛷䛒䜚䠈1 ᅇ䝪䞊䝹 䜢ᡴ䛱㏉䛩䛤䛸䛻 10 Ⅼ䛜ຍ⟬䛥䜜䜛䠊 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛿⯉䞉ཱྀ⭍㐠ືㄆ㆑㒊䛸䝀䞊䝮䜶䞁䝆䞁㒊 䛾 2 䛴䛾䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䛛䜙ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊⯉䞉ཱྀ⭍㐠ື ㄆ㆑㒊䛿➨ 3 ❶䛷⤂䛧䛯䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛒䜚䠈䛣䜜䛻䜘䜚 ㄆ㆑䛥䜜䛯ཱྀ⭍ᙧ≧䞉⯉ඛ⨨ሗ䛿䠈UDP ㏻ಙ䜢 ⏝䛧䛶䠈䝀䞊䝮䜶䞁䝆䞁㒊䛻㏦ಙ䛥䜜䜛䠊䝀䞊䝮䜶䞁䝆 䞁㒊䛿 Unity[14] 䜢⏝䛔䛶㛤Ⓨ䛥䜜䠈ཷಙ䛧䛯᧯సධ ຊ䛻ᛂ䛨䛯䝀䞊䝮䛾᧯స䠈㐍⾜⟶⌮䠈䝫䜲䞁䝖⟶⌮䜢⾜ 䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊 − 245 − ᅗ3 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䝯䜲䞁⏬㠃 Fig.3 Squachu main scene ᪥ᮏ䝞䞊䝏䝱䝹䝸䜰䝸䝔䜱Ꮫㄽᩥㄅ Vol.21, No.2, 2016 䛿⦎⩦䝰䞊䝗䛷⦎⩦䜢䛩䜛䛛䠈ᮏ␒䝰䞊䝗䛻㐍䜐䛛㑅 ᢥ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䠊ྛ䝰䞊䝗䛿⑂ປ䜒⪃៖䛧⣙ 1 ศ䛾 䝀䞊䝮䛸䛧䠈ጞ䜑䜛๓䛻⡆༢䛺䝹䞊䝹ㄝ᫂䜢⾜䛖䠊ྛ⦎ ⩦䝰䞊䝗䛜⤊䛧䛯䜙䠈ᅇ䛾⦎⩦䛷ᚓ䛯䝇䝁䜰䛜⾲♧ 䛥䜜䠈䝸䝥䝺䜲䛩䜛䛛ḟ䛾䝰䞊䝗䛻㐍䜐䛛䛜㑅ᢥ䛷䛝䜛䠊 ᭱ᚋ䛻䠈ᮏ␒䛾䝀䞊䝮䛜⤊䛩䜛䛸ᚓ䛯䝇䝁䜰䛜䝷䞁䜻 䞁䜾䛸䛺䛳䛶⾲♧䛥䜜䜛䠊䛣䛣䛷䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䜢䝸䝥䝺䜲䛩䜛 䛛䛹䛖䛛䜒㑅ᢥ䛷䛝䜛䠊⥆䛔䛶せ䛺䝰䞊䝗䛻䛴䛔䛶ヲ ⣽䛻ㄝ᫂䛩䜛䠊 ᅗ4 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾ὶ䜜 4.3.1 ᡴ⌫⦎⩦䝰䞊䝗 ᡴ⌫⦎⩦䝰䞊䝗䛷䛿䝍䜲䝭䞁䜾䜘䛟䜻䝇㢦䜢䛧䛶ᡴ䛴 䛰䛡䛷䠈ᚓⅬ䛧䛶䛔䛟䠊‶Ⅼ䛿 230 Ⅼ䛷䛒䜛䠊䝪䞊䝹䛿 ቨ䛻㊴䛽㏉䜚䛺䛜䜙ྠ䛨㌶㐨䜢⮬ືⓗ䛻ື䛝⥆䛡䜛䠊䝷 䜿䝑䝖䛿⛣ື䛷䛝䛺䛔䠊 Fig.4 Squachu flow ᅗ5 䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ຠᯝ䜢ホ౯䛩䜛ὶ䜜 Fig.5 The flow of estimation of training effect 4.2 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥䝺䜲᪉ἲ 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥䝺䜲᪉ἲ䛻䛴䛔䛶ㄝ᫂䛩䜛䠊䜎䛪䠈ᐇ 㝿䛾䝇䜹䝑䝅䝳䜢ศᯒ䛧䠈䝥䝺䜲䛻ᚲせ䛺ືస䜢㉮䜛ື స䛸ᡴ䛴ືస䛾 2 䛴䛻䜎䛷༢⣧䛧䛯䠊䝇䜹䝑䝅䝳䝥䝺 䜲䝲䞊䛿䜎䛪䠈䝪䞊䝹䜢ᡴ䛴䛯䜑䛻䠈䜎䛯䛿䝇䜹䝑䝅䝳䝁 䞊䝖ෆ䛷ඃ䛺䝫䝆䝅䝵䞁䛻❧䛴䛯䜑䛻㉮䜛䠊㉮䛳䛶䝪 䞊䝹䛻㏣䛔䛴䛔䛯䝥䝺䜲䝲䞊䛿⮬ศ䛾ᡴ䛱䛯䛔᪉ྥ䛻䠈 䝷䜿䝑䝖䜢䝇䜲䞁䜾䛩䜛䠊䝇䜹䝑䝅䝳䛿䛣䜜䜙䛾ືస䛾⧞䜚 ㏉䛧䛻䜘䜚䝥䝺䜲䛥䜜䜛䠊 䛣䜜䜙䛛䜙䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾᧯స᪉ἲ䜢ḟ䛾䜘䛖䛻Ỵᐃ䛧 䛯䠊䜎䛪䝇䜹䝑䝅䝳䛾䛂㉮䜛䛃ືస䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈⯉ඛ⨨ 䛻䜘䛳䛶䝷䜿䝑䝖⛣ື᪉ྥ䜢ᣦᐃ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䛧䛯䠊䛭䛧䛶 䛂ᡴ䛴䛃䛸䛔䛖ືస䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈ẚ㍑ⓗ⣲᪩䛟⾲䜢స䜛 䛣䛸䛾䛷䛝䜛䛂/wu/ᙧ≧䛃䜢᥇⏝䛧䛯䠊䛣䜜䛿䛭䛾ぢ䛯┠ 䛛䜙䠈䛂䜻䝇㢦䛃䛸⛠䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈䝪䞊䝹䜢ᡴ䛱㏉䛫 䛺䛛䛳䛯ሙྜ䛻䝸䝖䝷䜲䛩䜛᧯స䛻䛂/yi/ᙧ≧䛃䜢᥇⏝䛧䛯䠊 䛣䜜䛿䛔䜟䜀䛂➗㢦䛃䛻┦ᙜ䛩䜛⾲䛷䛒䜚䠈䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁 䜾ᅇᩘ䜢ቑ䜔䛩䛰䛡䛷䛿䛺䛟䠈䛸䜒䛩䜜䜀↓⾲䛻䛺䜚 䛜䛱䛺䝥䝺䜲䝲䞊䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䠈➗㢦䜢ᙉไ䛩䜛ḟⓗຠ ᯝ䜒≺䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䜜䜙䛿䠈Ⓨኌ䛾ᚲせ䛿䛺䛟ཱྀ⭍ᙧ≧ 䜢స䜛䛰䛡䛷᧯స䛷䛝䜛䠊䛣䜜䜙䛾᧯స䛻䜘䛳䛶䠈䝖䝺䞊 䝙䞁䜾䛸䛧䛶䠈䝇䝫䞊䝒䛸䛧䛶䠈䝀䞊䝮䛸䛧䛶䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳 䛜ᡂ❧䛷䛝䜛䛸ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䜛䠊 4.3 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾ὶ䜜 ὶ䜜䜢ᅗ 4 䛻♧䛩䠊䜎䛪䠈䝍䜲䝖䝹⏬㠃䛛䜙䠈䝴䞊䝄 ྡⓏ㘓⏬㠃䛻⛣⾜䛧䠈䜻䝱䝸䝤䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢⾜䛖䠊ḟ䛻䠈 䝯䜲䞁䝇䝔䞊䝆䛻⛣⾜䛩䜛䠊䝯䜲䞁䝇䝔䞊䝆䛿䠈䝥䝺䜲䝲 䞊䛜䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䜢䜘䜚ᴦ䛧䛟䝥䝺䜲䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛻䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䠈 ཱྀ⭍䛾䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ື䛝䜢ቑຍ䛩䜛䛯䜑䠈ᡴ⌫⦎⩦䠈⛣ ື⦎⩦䠈ᮏ␒䛾䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛸䝰䞊䝗ศ䛡䛩䜛䠊䝥䝺䜲䝲䞊 4.3.2 ⛣ື⦎⩦䝰䞊䝗 ⛣ື⦎⩦䝰䞊䝗䛷䛿䠈䝪䞊䝹䜢⯉ඛ⨨䛾⛣ື䛻䜘 䛳䛶㏣䛔䛛䛡䜛䛰䛡䛷䠈ᚓⅬ䛧䛶䛔䛟䠊‶Ⅼ䛿 150 Ⅼ䛷 䛒䜛䠊䝪䞊䝹䛿 3 ✀㢮䛾㌶㐨䜢䝷䞁䝎䝮䛻ື䛝⥆䛡䜛䠊 4.3.3 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䝰䞊䝗 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䝰䞊䝗䛷䛿䠈⛣ື䛸ᡴ⌫䛹䛱䜙䜒᧯స䛧䛶 ᚓⅬ䛩䜛䠊‶Ⅼ䛿 150 Ⅼ䛷䛒䜛䠊䝪䞊䝹䛾㌶㐨䛿⛣ື ⦎⩦䝰䞊䝗䛸ྠᵝ䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈⛣ືᚋ䛻ᡴ⌫᧯స䜒䛩䜛䛣 䛸䜢ᵓ䛘䠈๓ᅇ䛾䝪䞊䝹㌶㐨䛸㞄᥋䛧䛶䛔䜛㌶㐨䛛䜙䝷 䞁䝎䝮䛻㑅ᢥ䛥䜜䜛䠊 5 䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ຠᯝホ౯ 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥䝺䜲䛾ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟䜢⥔ᣢ䞉ྥୖ䜈䛾ຠᯝ ᳨ド䛾䛯䜑䠈⪁ே⚟♴タ䛻ධᒃ䛧䛶䛔䜛㧗㱋⪅䛾༠ ຊ䜢ᚓ䛶䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ຠᯝ䜢ホ౯䛩䜛ᐇ㦂䜢⾜䛳䛯䠊ᐇ 㦂ཧຍ⪅䛿 4 ྡ䛾ᚋᮇ㧗㱋⪅䛷䛒䜚䠈䛖䛱 3 ྡ䛿㍍ᗘ䛾 ㄆ▱䜢ᝈ䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛻䛿䠈1 ᪥ 1 ᅇ䠈 10~15 ศ㛫䛾䝥䝺䜲䜢ྛ⮬㏻⟬䛷 1 㐌㛫䜋䛹(4-6 ᪥)䛾 ᮇ㛫ᐇ䛧䛶䜒䜙䛳䛯䠊ᐇ㦂䛿ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾యㄪ䠈䛭 䛾ಶேⓗ䛻༑ศ㓄៖䛧䛴䛴ᐇ䛥䜜䛯䠊 5.1 ホ౯ᐇ㦂ᡭ㡰 䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ຠᯝ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈ᅗ 5 䛾䜘䛖䛻䠈䝖䝺䞊䝙 䞁䜾䜢ᑟධ䛩䜛๓䛸䠈䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾⤊䛧䛯ᚋ䛾ཱྀ⭍ᶵ ⬟䛾ホ౯䜢⾜䛔䠈ᕪศ䜢ぢ䜛䛣䛸䛷ホ౯䜢⾜䛖䠊䛺䛚䠈 ᧯సෆᐜ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛜㧗㱋⪅䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸 䜢⪃䛘䠈ᡴ⌫⦎⩦䝰䞊䝗䛾䜏䛸䛧䠈䝪䞊䝹䛾㏿ᗘ䜢ୗ䛢 ‶Ⅼ䜢 110 Ⅼ䛸䛧䛯䠊ᡴ⌫䛿/wu/䜢Ⓨ㡢䛩䜛ཱྀືస䛛䠈 ⯉䜢ཱྀ⭍እ䛻㟢ฟ䛩䜛⯉ືస䛷ᡴ⌫᧯స䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛻 䛧䛯䠊䛣䜜䛿䠈ཱྀ⭍እ䛻⯉䜢㟢ฟ䛩䜛ືస䛜䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁 䜾䛻䛚䛔䛶ຠᯝ䛜ぢ㎸䜎䜜䜛ືస䛷䛒䛳䛯䛻䜒䛛䛛䜟 䜙䛪䠈ཧຍ⪅ဨ䛜䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳ᮏ᮶䛾᧯స᪉ἲ䛷䛒䜛 ⯉ඛ䛷䛾䝷䜿䝑䝖⛣ື䛜ᅔ㞴䛷䛒䛳䛯䛯䜑䛷䛒䜛䠊䛭䜜 䜖䛘䠈䝷䜿䝑䝖䜢ື䛛䛥䛺䛔ᡴ⌫⦎⩦䝰䞊䝗䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒 − 246 − ṇᮌ : 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䠖ཱྀ⭍➽䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䜢ᨭ䛩䜛䝅䝸䜰䝇䝀䞊䝮䛾㛤Ⓨ ⯉䜢㟢ฟ䛩䜛ືస䜢ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜䛯䠊ᡴ⌫ኻᩋ䛾䝸䝖䝷䜲 ືస䛿ᮏ᮶䛾䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䜎䜎/yi/Ⓨ㡢䛸䛧䛯䠊ලయⓗ䛺 ᐇ㦂ᡭ㡰䛿௨ୗ䛾㏻䜚䛷䛒䜛䠊 1. ᐇ㦂㛤ጞ䛻ᐇ㦂⪅䛜ᐇ㦂䛾┠ⓗ䠈ෆᐜ䠈ホ౯ ᪉ἲ䛻䛴䛔䛶ㄝ᫂䜢⾜䛔䠈ཧຍ⪅䛾ྠព䜢ᚓ䜛䠊 ᐇ㦂䛾ㄝ᫂䜢ྵ䜑䛶䠈ᮏᐇ㦂䛿ᖖ䛻タ㈐௵⪅ 䛾❧䛱䛔䛾ୗ䛷ᐇ㦂䜢ᐇ䛩䜛䠊 2. ᐇ㦂๓䛻䠈ᐇ㦂⪅䛜ཧຍ⪅䛾ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟䛻䛴䛔䛶 ホ౯䜢⾜䛖䠊ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟ホ౯䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿ḟ䛾⠇䛷ヲ 䛧䛟ㄝ᫂䛩䜛䠊 3. ᐇ㦂⪅䛜ཧຍ⪅䛻䝀䞊䝮䛾᧯స᪉ἲ䛻䛴䛔䛶ཱྀ 㢌䛷ㄝ᫂䛩䜛䠄䝀䞊䝮䛾䝥䝺䜲㛫䛿ྠ୍䛷䠈1 ศ 䛷䛒䜛䠅䠊 4. ᐇ㦂⪅䛜ཧຍ⪅䛾ྡ๓䠄䝙䝑䜽䝛䞊䝮䠅䜢䝀䞊䝮䛻 ධຊ䛩䜛䠊 5. ᐇ㦂⪅䛜ཧຍ⪅䛾䝁䞁䝕䜱䝅䝵䞁䛻ྜ䜟䛫᧯స᪉ ἲ䜢㑅ᢥ䛧䛯ᚋ䠈ཧຍ⪅䛿䝀䞊䝮䜢䝥䝺䜲䛩䜛䠊 6. ཧຍ⪅䛿䝀䞊䝮⤊ᚋ䠈䝇䝁䜰䝷䞁䜻䞁䜾⏬㠃䜢 ☜ㄆ䛩䜛䠊 7. 5~6 䜢ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾ពᚿ䜔⑂ປᗘ䛻䜘䜚䠈௵ពᅇ ⧞䜚㏉䛩䠊୍᪥ 10~15 ศ䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛩䜛䠊 8. ᐇ㦂⪅䛜䠈䝀䞊䝮ෆ䛷⮬ືⓗ䛻グ㘓䛥䜜䛯ཧຍ ⪅䛾䝀䞊䝮䝥䝺䜲ᅇᩘ䛸䝇䝁䜰䜢☜ㄆ䛩䜛䠊 9. 3~8 䜢 1 ᪥ 1 ᅇ䠈⣙ 1 㐌㛫⾜䛖䠊 10. ᐇ㦂⪅䛜ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟䛻䛴䛔䛶 2 䛸ྠ ᵝ䛻ホ౯䜢⾜䛖䠊 5.2 ཱྀ⭍➽ᶵ⬟ホ౯᪉ἲ ཱྀ⭍➽ᶵ⬟䜢ホ౯䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䠈ᄟୗᶵ⬟䜢 ᐃ䛩䜛 ᪉ ἲ䛾 1 䛴 䛷 䛒䜛 ၚ ᾮ ᄟ ୗ䝔 䝇 䝖䠄 RSST 䠖 the Repetitive Saliva Swallowing Test䠅[15] 䛸䠈Ⓨヰ᫂░ᗘ 䛺䛹䜢᳨ᰝ䛩䜛䛻⏝䛥䜜䜛㡢⠇㐠ື[16] 䜢⏝䛔䛯䠊4-6 ᪥䛾ᐇ㦂ᮇ㛫䛷༑ศ䛺ホ౯⤖ᯝ䛜ᚓ䜙 䜜䠈䛛䛴≉ู䛺ჾල䜢䜟䛺䛔ホ౯᪉ἲ䛸䛧䛶䛣䛾 2 䛴 䜢᥇⏝䛧䛯䠊 ᣦ♧䛩䜛䠊 2. ᳨ᰝ⪅䛜ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾ႃ㢌㝯㉳䛸⯉㦵┦ᙜ㒊 䛻ᣦ䜢ᙜ䛶䜛䠊 3. 30 ⛊㛫㛫䜢ィ䜚䠈⯉㦵䛾ᣲୖ䛜᫂☜䛻ㄆ䜑䜙 䜜䛯ᄟୗᅇᩘ䜢 ᐃ䛩䜛䠊 䛺䛚䠈ᄟୗᅇᩘ䛜 3 ᅇᮍ‶䛾ሙྜ䛿䠈ᄟୗᶵ⬟䛾ప ୗ䛜䜟䜜䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈ᄟୗ㛤ጞᣦ♧䛾ᚋ䠈᭱ึ䛾ᄟୗ 䛜Ⓨ⏕䛩䜛䜎䛷䛾㛫䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒ホ౯䛩䜛䠊 5.2.2 㡢⠇㐠ືホ౯ἲ 㡢⠇㐠ືホ౯ἲ䛿䠈༢ㄒ䛚䜘䜃ヰ䛾䛔 䛪䜜䛾᫂░ᗘ䝺䝧䝹䜢ホ౯䛩䜛ホ౯᪉ἲ䛸䛧䛶᭷ព䛷 䛒䜛䛸䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䠈ᮏᐇ㦂䛷䜒䛱䛔䛶Ⓨヰ᫂░ᗘ䛻 䛴䛔䛶ホ౯䜢⾜䛖䠊㡢⠇㐠ືホ౯䛿௨ୗ䛾ᡭ 㡰䛻䛶ᐇ䛥䜜䜛䠊 1 ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛻୍ᜥ䛷ྍ⬟䛺㝈䜚㏿䛟䠈ᥦ♧䛩䜛 㡢⠇䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢ᣦ♧䛩䜛䠊 2 5 ⛊㛫䛾㛫䛻䠈ᣦᐃ䛾㡢⠇䜢ྍ⬟䛺㝈䜚ከᩘᅇ 㐃⥆Ⓨ㡢䛧䛶䜒䜙䛖䠊Ⓨ㡢䛧䛯ᅇᩘ䜢グ㘓䛩䜛䠊 3 30 ⛊㛫ఇ᠁䜢䛩䜛䠊 4 ᡭ㡰 2-3 䜢⏝ព䛧䛯㡢⠇ᩘศ䛰䛡⧞䜚㏉䛩䠊 ᮏᐇ㦂䛷䛿Ⓨ㡢䛧䛶䜒䜙䛖㡢⠇䛸䛧䛶䛂/pa/䛃䠈䛂/ta/䛃,䛚 䜘䜃䛂/ka/䛃䛾 3 䛴䜢⏝ព䛧䛯䠊 5.3 ⤖ᯝ RSST 䛻䜘䜛ホ౯⤖ᯝ䜢⾲ 1 䛻䠈㛵㐃䛩䜛ึᅇᄟୗ ᡤせ㛫⤖ᯝ䜢⾲ 2 䛻♧䛩䠊䜎䛯㡢⠇㐠ື 䛾ホ౯⤖ᯝ䜢ᅗ 6䡚ᅗ 8 䛻䛭䜜䛮䜜♧䛩䠊 5.2.1 RSST ἲ ᄟୗ䛿እ䛛䜙ほᐹᅔ㞴䛺㐠ື䛷䛒䜛䛯䜑䠈ᄟୗ㞀ᐖ ホ౯䛻䛿ᄟୗ䝡䝕䜸䝺䞁䝖䝀䞁㐀ᙳἲ䛜⏝䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸 䛜ከ䛔䠊䛧䛛䛧䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺᪉ἲ䛿䠈タഛ䜔⿕㦂⪅䛾Ᏻ ⟶⌮䛾ほⅬ䛛䜙䠈ᐜ᫆䛻⏝䛧䛵䜙䛔䠊䛭䛾䛯䜑ᮏᐇ 㦂䛷䛿䠈䜘䜚Ᏻ䛷⡆༢䛻ᄟୗ㞀ᐖ䛾䝇䜽䝸䞊䝙䞁䜾䛜 ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛ၚᾮᄟୗ䝔䝇䝖ἲ(RSST)䜢⏝䛔䜛䛣䛸䛸 䛧䛯䠊RSST 䛿୍ᐃ㛫ෆ䛻ၚᾮ䜢㣧䜏㎸䜐ᅇᩘ䛛䜙 ᶵ⬟䜢ホ౯䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛒䜚䠈⮬㌟䛾ၚᾮ䜢㣧䜏㎸䜐䛯 䜑䠈䛾䝇䜽䝸䞊䝙䞁䜾᪉ἲ䛻ẚ䜉䛶ᴟ䜑䛶Ᏻᛶ䛾 㧗䛔ホ౯᪉ἲ䛷䛒䜛䠊RSST 䛿௨ୗ䛾ᡭ㡰䛷ᐇ䛥䜜 䜛䠊 1. ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䜢᳔Ꮚ䛻ᗙ䜙䛫䠈30 ⛊㛫䛾䛒䛔䛰 䛷ྍ⬟䛺㝈䜚⧞䜚㏉䛧䛶ၚᾮ䜢㣧䜏㎸䜐䜘䛖䛻 − 247 − ⾲1 RSST ᄟୗᅇᩘ䠄༢䠖ᅇ䠅 Table 1 RSST number of swallowings ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ ๓ ᚋ A 2 3 B 2 3 C 3 3 D 2 3 ⾲2 RSST ึᅇᄟୗᡤせ㛫䠄༢䠖⛊䠅 Table 2 RSST time of the first swallowing ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ ๓ ᚋ A --- 14 B 11 7 C 8 6 D 12 6 ᪥ᮏ䝞䞊䝏䝱䝹䝸䜰䝸䝔䜱Ꮫㄽᩥㄅ 䛯䠊⯉᧯స䝰䞊䝗䛷䛿 B 䛿ཱྀᙧ≧䜢ᙧస䜛䜘䜚䜒⯉ 䜢ཱྀ⭍እ䛻㟢ฟ䛩䜛᪉䛜ᐜ᫆䛻⾜䛘䛶䛔䛯䛯䜑䠈 ึ᪥䛛䜙‶Ⅼ䛾 110 Ⅼ䜢ྲྀ䛳䛯䠊 5 ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ C 䠄86 ṓ䠈ዪᛶ䠈ㄆ▱䠅 C 䛿ㄆ▱䛷᭱⤊᪥䜎䛷䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䜢๓ᅇ䝥䝺䜲䛧 䛯䛣䛸䜢ᛮ䛔ฟ䛩䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛺䛛䛳䛯䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈ᛶ᱁ 䛜᫂䜛䛟䛶๓ྥ䛝䛷䛒䜚䠈ẖᅇ✚ᴟⓗ䛻䝥䝺䜲䛧䛯䠊 䝀䞊䝮䛾᧯స᪉ἲ䜢⌮ゎ䛧䛶ᚓⅬ䛜䛷䛝䜛䛸䠈䛂㠃 ⓑ䛔䛃䛸ఱᅇ䜒ゝ䛳䛯䠊䝀䞊䝮䝇䝁䜰䛿䠈ཱྀ᧯స䝰䞊 䝗䛷䛿ึ᪥䛛䜙‶Ⅼ 110 Ⅼ䜢ྲྀ䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䠊⯉᧯ స䝰䞊䝗䛷䛿䠈⯉᧯స䛷ⱞປ䜢䛧䠈᭱㧗Ⅼ䛜 50 Ⅼ䛷 䛸䛹䜎䛳䛶䛔䛯䠊 6 ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ D 䠄87 ṓ䠈ዪᛶ䠅 D 䛿䠈⮬ศ䛾ពᛮ䜢䛿䛳䛝䜚⾲⌧䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛ᛶ ᱁䛷䠈䝀䞊䝮䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ពぢ䜔䜰䝗䝞䜲䝇䜢⪺䛟䛣䛸䛜 䛷䛝䛯䠊䝀䞊䝮䝇䝁䜰䛿䠈ཱྀ᧯స䝰䞊䝗䛿᭱㧗Ⅼ䛜 70 Ⅼ䠈⯉᧯స䝰䞊䝗䛾᭱㧗Ⅼ䛜 100 Ⅼ䛷䛒䜛䠊 䛺䛚ဨ䛻ඹ㏻䛩䜛ഴྥ䛸䛧䛶䠈ᐇ㦂᭱⤊᪥䛻㏆䛟 䛺䜛䛸䠈䝀䞊䝮⤊ᚋ䠈⾲♧䛥䜜䛯䝷䞁䜻䞁䜾⏬㠃䜢ぢ 䛶䠈ㄡ䛜㧗䛔Ⅼᩘ䜢ྲྀ䜜䛯䛛䠈䜎䛯䛭䛾⌮⏤䛺䛹䛻䛴 䛔䛶ཧຍ⪅ྠኈ䛷ウㄽ䛩䜛ᵝᏊ䜢ぢ䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䠊 ᅗ6 㡢⠇㐠ືホ౯⤖ᯝ䛾/pa/㡢⠇ Fig.6 The result of oral diadochokinesis /pa/ ᅗ7 㡢⠇㐠ືホ౯⤖ᯝ䛾/ta/㡢⠇ Fig.7 The result of oral diadochokinesis /ta/ ᅗ8 㡢⠇㐠ືホ౯⤖ᯝ䛾/ka/㡢⠇ Fig.8 The result of oral diadochokinesis /ka/ ྛᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾䝥䝺䜲䛾ᵝᏊ䛿௨ୗ䛾㏻䜚䛷䛒䜛䠊 ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ A 䠄85 ṓ䠈ዪᛶ䠈ㄆ▱䠅 A 䛿ㄆ▱䛷グ᠈ຊ䛜పୗ䛧䛶ẖᅇ᧯స᪉ἲ䛻䛴 䛔䛶ㄝ᫂䜢䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䛳䛯䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈ᐇ㦂䛻䛿✚ ᴟⓗ䛻ཧຍ䛧䠈ẖᅇ䝥䝺䜲㛫䛜㛗䛛䛳䛯䠊䜎䛯䠈 ḟ䛻䝥䝺䜲䛩䜛ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛻䛿䠈᧯స᪉ἲ䜢ㄝ᫂䛧 䛯䜚䠈䝁䝒䜢ᩍ䛘䛶䛒䛢䛯䜚䛧䛯䠊3 ᪥┠䛛䜙䛿䠈A 䜘䜚 㧗䛔䝇䝁䜰䜢䝷䞁䜻䞁䜾⏬㠃䛷ぢ䜛䛸䠈ఱᅇ䜒䝸䝥䝺䜲 䛧䛶Ⅼᩘ䜢㉸䛘䜘䛖䛸䛧䛯䠊䝀䞊䝮䛾䝇䝁䜰䛿䠈ཱྀ᧯ స䝰䞊䝗䛷䛿 5 ᪥┠䛻䛿‶Ⅼ䜢ྲྀ䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䠊ᐇ 㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾୰䛷䠈ཱྀ᧯స䝰䞊䝗䝥䝺䜲䛻ཱྀ䜢/wu/ ᙧ≧䛻䛩䜛ᗘ䛻䛂䛖䞊䛃䛸Ⓨኌ䛧䛯၏୍䛾ே䛷䛒䜛䠊 z ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ B 䠄87 ṓ䠈ዪᛶ䠈ㄆ▱䠅 B 䛿ㄆ▱䛾䛯䜑䠈ẖᅇ䝥䝺䜲䛩䜛๓䛻᧯స᪉ἲ䜢 ㄝ᫂䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䛳䛯䠊䝀䞊䝮䝇䝁䜰䛿䠈ཱྀ᧯స䝰 䞊䝗䛷䛿 40 Ⅼ䛛䜙᭱⤊᪥䛻䛿 90 Ⅼ䜢䛸䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝 z Vol.21, No.2, 2016 5.4 ⪃ᐹ 䜎䛪䠈㡢⠇㐠ື䛾⤖ᯝ䛻䛴䛔䛶ぢ䛶䜏䜛䠊 ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛿ᴫ䛽 5 ⛊㛫䛻 20-30 ᅇ䜋䛹Ⓨኌ䛷䛝䛶䛚 䜚䠈䛛䛴 A 䛾/ka/Ⓨ㡢ᅇᩘ௨እ䛿䛶䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥 䝺䜲ᚋ䛻Ⓨኌᅇᩘ䛜ቑຍ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䠊ᖖ䛺 ᡂே䛻䛚䛡䜛㡢⠇㐠ື ᅇᩘ䛿䠈5 ⛊㛫䛷 䛂/pa/䛃䛿 31.5 ᅇ(6.3 ᅇ/⛊)䠈䛂/ta/䛃䛿 31 ᅇ(6.2 ᅇ/⛊), 䛂/ka/䛃䛿 29 ᅇ(5.8 ᅇ/⛊)䛸䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚[17] 䠈ᐇ㦂㛤ጞ๓ 䛿䛣䛾್䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛶ⴭ䛧䛟ప䛔⤖ᯝ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊ᐇ㦂 ⤊ᚋ䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒ᖖ䛺ᡂே䛸ྠ⛬ᗘ䛸䜎䛷䛿ゝ䛘䛺 䛔䛜䠈ᨵၿഴྥ䛜䛖䛛䛜䜟䜜䜛䠊/pa/䛿୧၁䛾◚㡢䛷 䛒䜛䛯䜑䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾ཱྀ᧯స䝰䞊䝗䛻䜘䜛カ⦎ຠᯝ䛜 䛒䛳䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊/ta/䛸/ka/䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈⯉䜔ႃ䜢ື 䛛䛩Ⓨ㡢䛾䛯䜑䠈⯉᧯స䝰䞊䝗䛻䜘䛳䛶⯉䛾➽ຊ䜔⯉ 䜢ᨭ䛘䜛ႃ䜒䛸䛾➽⫗䛻ᑐ䛧䛶カ⦎ຠᯝ䛜䛒䛳䛯䛸⪃䛘 䜙䜜䜛䠊 䛴䛵䛔䛶䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛾๓ᚋ䛾 RSST 䛾⤖ᯝ䛻 䛴䛔䛶⪃ᐹ䛩䜛䠊ᄟୗᅇᩘ䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈ᄟୗ㞀ᐖ䛜䜟 䜜䜛 2 ᅇ䛛䜙ṇᖖ್䛸䛥䜜䜛 3 ᅇ䜈䛸ᨵၿ䛜ぢ䜙䜜䛯(⾲ 1 )䠊䜎䛯ྠ䛻ィ 䛥䜜䛯ึᅇᄟୗ䜎䛷䛾㛫(⾲ 2 ) 䜢ぢ䜛䛸䠈B䡚D 䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䛔䛪䜜䜒▷⦰䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣 䜜䜙䛾⤖ᯝ䛿䠈ᖜ䛸䛧䛶䛿䛝䛟䛿䛺䛔䛜䠈ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟䛾 ᨵၿ䜢♧၀䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䛺䛚 A 䛾ᄟୗ ᡤせ㛫(๓)䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈ィ 䛾ഛ䛛䜙䝕䞊䝍䛜 Ꮡᅾ䛧䛺䛔䛯䜑䠈ཧ⪃䛸䛧䛶ᚋ䛾䝕䞊䝍䛾䜏ᥖ㍕䛧䛶 䛔䜛䠊䜎䛸䜑䜛䛸䠈ᮏᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ䛿ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟䛾ᨵၿ䜢䛖䛛 䛜䜟䛫䜛䜒䛾䛷䛒䜚䠈䜂䛔䛶䛿䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥䝺䜲䛜ཱྀ⭍ − 248 − ṇᮌ : 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䠖ཱྀ⭍➽䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䜢ᨭ䛩䜛䝅䝸䜰䝇䝀䞊䝮䛾㛤Ⓨ ᶵ⬟䛾ᨵၿ䛻㈉⊩䛧䛖䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢♧၀䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䛸 ⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䛯䛰䛧ᮏ⤖ᯝ䛿䛒䛟䜎䛷ᨵၿഴྥ䜢♧၀䛩 䜛䜒䛾䛻䛸䛹䜎䛳䛶䛚䜚䠈ᚋ䜘䜚ヲ⣽䛺᳨ドᐇ㦂䛜ồ 䜑䜙䜜䜛䠊 ⥆䛔䛶Ⓨ㡢䛾᭷↓䛾ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ䜈䛾ᙳ㡪䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃ ᐹ䛩䜛䠊A 䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈/wu/䛸Ⓨ㡢䛧䛺䛜䜙䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䜢 䝥䝺䜲䛧䛶䛔䛯䠊䛣䜜䛿ᐇ㦂䛾㝿䛻䠈ཧຍ⪅䛜័䜜䜛䜎 䛷ᐇ㦂⪅䛜ཧຍ⪅䛸䛸䜒䛻Ⓨ㡢䛧䛺䛜䜙᧯స䜢ᩍ䛘䛶䛔 䛯ᙳ㡪䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䛯䛰䛧 RSST 䜔㡢⠇㐠ື 䛷䛾ホ౯䛾ୖ䛷䛿䠈ၚᾮᄟୗ䛿Ⓨ㡢䛻㛵䛫䛪䠈᭦䛻 㡢⠇㐠ື䛷䜒/wu/䛸␗䛺䜛䛯䜑䠈/wu/䛾Ⓨኌ 䛾᭷↓䛻᭷ព䛺ᙳ㡪䛿䛺䛔䠊 ᮏᐇ㦂䛾䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥䝺䜲䛿 1 ᪥ 1 ᅇ䠈䛛䛴 1 㐌㛫 ⛬ᗘ䛾ᐇᮇ㛫䛷䛒䛳䛯䠊ᮏ᮶䛾ཱྀ⭍య᧯䛜 1 ᪥ 3 ᅇ 䜢ᐃ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䜢⪃៖䛩䜛䛺䜙䜀䠈▷ᮇ㛫䞉ᑡᩘᅇ 䛾ᐇ䛷䛒䜛䛸ゝ䛘䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䛺䛜䜙 RSST 䛺䜙䜃䛻㡢⠇ 㐠ື䛺䛹䛶䛾⤖ᯝ䛜䠈ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟ᨵၿຠᯝ 䜢ఛ䜟䛫䜛䜒䛾䛸䛺䛳䛶䛚䜚䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥䝺䜲䛿䠈㍍ ᗘㄆ▱䛺䛹䛾㧗㱋⪅䛻䜒⏝ྍ⬟䛷䠈ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟䛾䝖 䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾ᨭ᪉ἲ䛾 1 䛴䛸䛧䛶ά⏝䛷䛝䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜 ♧၀䛥䜜䛯䠊 䜎䛯䠈ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾ᐇ㦂୰䛾ᵝᏊ䛛䜙䠈ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟⥔ ᣢ䞉ᨵၿ䛸䛿ู䛾ຠᯝ䛾Ꮡᅾ䜢ㄞ䜏ྲྀ䜛䛣䛸䛜ฟ᮶䜛䠊 ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ 4 ྡ䛾୰䠈3 ྡ䛜ㄆ▱䛷䛒䜛䛯䜑䠈ẖᅇ䝇 䜹䝑䝏䝳䜢䝥䝺䜲䛩䜛๓䛻᧯స᪉ἲ䛻䛴䛔䛶ㄝ᫂䛩䜛 ᚲせ䛜䛒䛳䛯䠊䛧䛛䛧ဨ䠈㧗㱋⪅䛻ᑐ䛩䜛⯉䜔ཱྀ䛾 ➽ຊ䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛾ᚲせᛶ䜢ㄝ᫂䛩䜛䛸䠈⣡ᚓ䛧䛶䝀䞊 䝮䜢䝥䝺䜲䛧䛶䛔䛯䠊ྛᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛜ึ䜑䛶䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳 䜢䝥䝺䜲䛩䜛䛿䠈䝪䞊䝹䜢ᡴ䛱㏉䛩䝍䜲䝭䞁䜾䜢ᐇ㦂 ⪅ഃ䛜ᣦ♧䛧䝥䝺䜲䜢䝃䝫䞊䝖䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䛳䛯䠊䛧䛛 䛧ఱᅇ䜒䝥䝺䜲ᅇᩘ䜢㔜䛽䜛䛸䠈ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛿ဨ䠈䝍 䜲䝭䞁䜾䜢ᣦ♧䛧䛺䛟䛸䜒䝀䞊䝮ෆᐜ䜢⌮ゎ䛧䝥䝺䜲䛩䜛 䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯䠊 䜎䛯䠈ྛᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅䛾䝥䝺䜲୰䛾Ⓨゝ䜔䠈ఱᅇ䜒䝸䝥 䝺䜲䜢䛧䛶Ⅼᩘ䜢㉸䛘䜘䛖䛸䛧䛯䛸䛔䛳䛯⾜ື䛛䜙䛿䠈ᚓ Ⅼ䛷䛝䛺䛛䛳䛯䛸䛝䛾䛂ᝰ䛧䛔䛃䛸䛔䛖Ẽᣢ䛱䠈䛾䝥䝺䜲 䝲䞊䛻䛱䛯䛔䛸䛔䛖ពᚿ䛜ㄞ䜏ྲྀ䜜䛯䠊䛣䜜䛿䝀䞊䝮 䝇䝁䜰䛜䝥䝺䜲䜈䛾ືᶵ䛡䛻㈉⊩䛧䛶䛔䛯䛣䛸䜢ព 䛩䜛䜒䛾䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䜎䛯䠈䝥䝺䜲᪉ἲ䜔ᡓ␎䛻䛴䛔 䛶䠈ཧຍ⪅ྠኈ䛷ウㄽ䛩䜛䛺䛹䠈ཧຍ⪅ྠኈ䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙 䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾άⓎ䛸䛔䛳䛯ዲᙳ㡪䜒ほᐹ䛥䜜䛯䠊䛣䛾 䜘䛖䛺⾜ື䛿䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛸䛔䛖䝀䞊䝮䛜䠈䝕䝄䜲䞁䜔䝁 䞁䝔䞁䝒䠈᧯స᪉ἲ䜅䛟䜑䛶䠈ཧຍ⪅䛻䛸䛳䛶ཷ䛡ධ䜜 䜙䜜䛯䛣䛸䜢♧䛩䜒䛾䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊୍᪉䛷ཧຍ⪅ྠኈ 䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿䠈ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ẖ䛾䝥䝺䜲ᅇᩘ䞉䝥 䝺䜲㛫䛾೫䜚䛸䛔䛖≧ἣ䛾Ⓨ⏕䛻⧅䛜䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊䛭䛾 䛯䜑䠈ᮏᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ䛻䛴䛔䛶ཧຍ⪅㛫䛷䛾ẚ㍑䛿ᅔ㞴 䛷䛒䜚䠈ཧຍ⪅ẖ䛾ഴྥほᐹ䛻䛸䛹䜑䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䛣䛸 䜢グ䛩䜛䠊 䛣䜜䜙䛾ᵝᏊ䛛䜙䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛿᧯స䛜⡆༢䛷䛒䜚䠈 㧗㱋⪅䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒䝥䝺䜲䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䠈䝀䞊䝮䝇䝁䜰䜢㏻䛨 䛯ᑐᡓ䛾せ⣲䛜㧗㱋⪅䛾䝰䝏䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢่⃭䛧䛶䛔 䜛䛣䛸䛜⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䛣䛾 2 Ⅼ䛿㧗㱋♫䛻䛚䛔䛶䜘䜚 㧗㱋⪅⮬㌟䛜ᴦ䛧䜑䠈䝰䝏䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜒⥔ᣢ䛷䛝䜛䝖䝺 䞊䝙䞁䜾䜢タィ䛩䜛ୖ䛷㔜せ䛺せ⣲䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛸⪃ᐹ 䛷䛝䜛䠊 6 䛚䜟䜚䛻 ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿䠈䛣䜜䜎䛷㛤Ⓨ䛧䛯⯉㐠ືィ 䝅䝇䝔䝮 SITA 䛻ཱྀ⭍ᙧ≧ㄆ㆑ᶵ⬟䜢䛧䠈䛭䜜䛻䜘䜛⯉䜔ཱྀ 䛾➽ຊ䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛩䜛䝅䝸䜰䝇䝀䞊䝮䠈䝇䜹䝑 䝏䝳䜢సᡂ䛧䛯䠊䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾సᡂ䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛿䠈ཱྀ⭍ 㐠ື䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䜈䛾ຠᯝ䜢ᮇᚅ䛧䛶䠈䝀䞊䝮䝥䝺䜲䛾 䛯䜑䛾᧯సධຊືస䜢䛂ཱྀ⭍య᧯䛃䛾୰䛛䜙᥇⏝䛧䛯䠊 ᮏ◊✲䛾ᐇ㦂䛷䛿䠈⤫ィⓗ䛺᭷ពᕪ䜢᳨ド䛩䜛䛻䜎䛷 䛿⮳䜙䛺䛛䛳䛯䛜䠈RSST䠈ึᅇᄟୗ䜎䛷䛾ᡤせ㛫䠈 㡢⠇㐠ືᐇ㦂䛾⤖ᯝ䛿䠈ᴫ䛽䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛾䝥 䝺䜲䛜ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟ྥୖ䛻㈉⊩䛧䛖䜛䛣䛸䜢♧䛩䜒䛾䛸䛺䛳 䛶䛔䛯䠊䜎䛯䠈ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ྠኈ䛷䝥䝺䜲ᡓ␎䜢㆟ㄽ䛩䜛 䛺䛹䠈䝀䞊䝮䝥䝺䜲䛻ᑐ䛩䜛✚ᴟᛶ䜢ほᐹ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ฟ ᮶䛯䛣䛸䛛䜙䠈䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛾⥅⥆䛻㛵䛧䛶䜒䝫䝆䝔䜱䝤 䛺ຠᯝ䛜ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䜛䠊 ᚋ䛿䜘䜚⢭ᐦ䛺᳨ドᐇ㦂䛾ᐇ䠈䛾䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾 ᡭἲ䛸䛾ẚ㍑䜢㏻䛨䛶䠈䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䝥䝺䜲䛻䜘䜛ཱྀ⭍ᶵ ⬟ᨵၿຠᯝ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛥䜙䛺䜛ヲ⣽䛺ホ౯䜢⾜䛖䠊䜎䛯䠈 䝇䜹䝑䝏䝳䛻䜘䜛ᐇ㦂ཧຍ⪅ྠኈ䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁ಁ 㐍䛻㛵䛧䛶䠈㧗㱋⪅䛾⾜ືኚ䜔䝀䞊䝮䝥䝺䜲䜈䛾䝰 䝏䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛺䛹䠈⥲ྜⓗほⅬ䛛䜙ホ౯䜢ᐇ䛩䜛䠊䛭 䛾䛖䛘䛷ྛ䝥䝺䜲䝲䞊䛾ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟≧ែ䛻䛒䜟䛫䛯䝺䝧 䝹タᐃ䠈᧯సධຊ䜢䝕䝄䜲䞁䛧䠈⥅⥆ⓗ䛛䛴⮬Ⓨⓗ䛻 䝥䝺䜲ྍ⬟䛷䠈䛛䛴䜘䜚㧗䛔ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟ᨵၿ䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛩䜛 䝅䝇䝔䝮㛤Ⓨ䜢┠ᣦ䛩䠊 䜎䛯䠈ᮏ䝀䞊䝮䛿䠈ཱྀ⭍㐠ື䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛾䛯䜑䛾䜏 䛺䜙䛪䠈ᖖ⪅䜢ྵ䜑䛯䜘䜚ከ䛟䛾ே䛜ᴦ䛧䜣䛷䝥䝺䜲 䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䜢ᛕ㢌䛻䝕䝄䜲䞁䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䛭䛣䛷ᚋ䛿㐲 㝸ᑐᡓᶵ⬟䜢ᐇ䛧䠈㧗㱋⪅䛾᪉䛸Ꮮ䛺䛹䠈㞳䜜䛯ᐙ ᪘㛫䠈ᜊேྠኈ䛷䜒ᴦ䛧䜣䛷䝥䝺䜲䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛺⎔ቃ䛾 ᩚഛ䛻䜒╔ᡭ䛩䜛䠊䜎䛯ཱྀ⭍㐠ື䝖䝺䞊䝙䞁䜾䛾ಁ㐍䛸 䛔䛖ほⅬ䛛䜙ぢ䛯ሙྜ䠈䝇䜹䝑䝅䝳䜢䝰䝏䞊䝣䛸䛩䜛ᚲ ↛ᛶ䛿ప䛟䠈ከᵝ䛺ᙧ䛷䠈䛂ᴦ䛧䜏䛺䛜䜙ཱྀ⭍㐠ື䝖䝺 䞊䝙䞁䜾䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛩䜛䝀䞊䝮䛃䛾㛤Ⓨ䛜ྍ⬟䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜 䜛䠊ᚋ䛿䛣䛾Ⅼ䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒㛤Ⓨ䜢䛩䛩䜑䛶䛔䛟ணᐃ䛷 䛒䜛䠊 ㅰ㎡ ᮏ◊✲䛿ୡ⏺䜖䜛䝇䝫䞊䝒༠䠈䛺䜙䜃䛻᫂ᾏᏛ ᒸ㈗ྐᩍᤵ䛾༠ຊ䛾ୗᐇ䛥䜜䛯䠊䜎䛯䠈㧗㱋⪅ タ䛻䛚䛡䜛ᐇ㦂䛿㟁Ẽ㏻ಙᏛ⌮ጤဨ䛾ᢎㄆ − 249 − ᪥ᮏ䝞䞊䝏䝱䝹䝸䜰䝸䝔䜱Ꮫㄽᩥㄅ Vol.21, No.2, 2016 [ⴭ⪅⤂] 䜢ᚓ䛶⾜䜟䜜䛯䠄⟶⌮␒ྕ䠖15007 ྕ䠅䠊 ṇᮌ ⤢ 䠄Ꮫ⏕ဨ䠅 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ 2015 ᖺᒣཱྀᏛᕤᏛ㒊▱⬟ሗᕤᏛ⛉༞ [1] ᪥ᮏṑ⛉་ᖌ䠖EBM 䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛯ཱྀ⭍䜿䜰䛾䛯䜑䛻䠈 [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] ᚲㄞᩥ⊩㞟䠈་ṑ⸆ฟ∧䠈➨䠍∧䠈2002 ᖺ ᪂ᗉᩥ᫂䠈⚟⏣ⱥ㍤䠖ㆤண㜵䛻䛚䛡䜛ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟ྥୖ 䛾ព⩏䠊 බ⾗⾨⏕ 69䠖705-708, 2005. ᒣ⬥ṇỌ, M Ymawaki䠖ㄗᄟᛶ⫵⅖䛾Ꮫ䠈⥲ྜ䝸䝝䝡 䝸䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁, 2009 Profitt, W.R. Mason, R.M.: Myofunctional therapy for tongue-thrusting: background and recommendations; The Journal of the American Dental Association, Vol. 90, No.2, pp. 403-411, 1975 ᒸ ㈗ྐ䠈ᣏ㔝 ಇஅ䠈ᘯ୰ ⚈ྖ䠈ྥ ⨾䠈᪥ᖖ ⓗ䛻⾜䛖ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟カ⦎䛻䜘䜛㧗㱋⪅䛾ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟ྥୖ䜈 䛾ຠᯝ䠗ཱྀ⭍⾨⏕ㄅ䠈J Dent Hlth 58: 88-94, (2008) ᒃᯘᬕஂ䠈▮㔝⣧Ꮚ䠈Pham Truong Minh 䜋䛛䠖㧗㱋⪅ 䛾ཱྀ⭍Ύᤲᣦᑟ䛚䜘䜃ཱྀ⭍య᧯ᐇ䛻䜘䜛ཱྀ⭍ᶵ⬟≧ ែ䛾ኚ䠈⏘ᴗ་ㄅ 䠈28䠖411− 420䠈2006䠊 Robbins J, Gangnon RE, Theis SM, et al: The effects of lingual exercise on swallowing in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 53: 1483– 1489, 2005. ᰗ 㟷, ᐑෆᑗᩯ, ᮌᮧ ᑲ, 㔝ᔱ⌶ஓ: SITA䠖㠀╔ ᆺ⯉㐠ືィ 䝅䝇䝔䝮䛾㛤Ⓨ䠗᪥ᮏ䝞䞊䝏䝱䝹䝸䜰䝸䝔䜱 Ꮫㄽᩥㄅ, Vol.21, No.2, 2016. (ᥖ㍕ணᐃ) Xueliang Huo, Wang, Jia, Ghovanloo, M., "A Magneto-Inductive Sensor Based Wireless Tongue-Computer Interface," Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, IEEE Transactions on , vol.16, no.5, pp. 497-504, 2008. Mayank, G., Chen, Z. Ruth, V. and Shwetak, N., P., Tongue-in-Cheek: Using Wireless Signals to Enable non-intrusive and Flexible Facial Gestures Detection, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM CHI, 255-258, 2015. Liu, L., Niu, S., Ren, J. and Zhang, J. Tongible: a non-contact tongue-based interaction technique. In Proc. ASSETS 2012, 233-234 Saragih, J., Lucey, S. and Cohn, J. Deformable Model Fitting by Regularized Landmark Mean-Shift, International Journal of Computer Vision 91, 200-215, 2, 2011. ୡ⏺䜖䜛䝇䝫䞊䝒༠䠖http://yurusports.com/ Unity Technologies, Unity-Game Engine http://unity3d.com/, [accessed 2015/12/2] ᡯ⸨ᰤ୍䠖ᦤ㣗ᶵ⬟ῶ㏥䛾デ᩿ἲ䛾㛤Ⓨ䠊ᖹᡂ 8 ᖺ ᗘཌ⏕┬䞉 ᗣᨻ⟇ㄪᰝ◊✲ᴗศᢸ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩ 䠄௵◊✲⪅䠖㔠Ꮚⰾ ὒ䠅ಶே䛾ᦤ㣗⬟ຊ䛻ᛂ䛨䛯 䜟䛔䛾䛒䜛㣗ෆᐜ䞉ᣦᑟ➼䛻 㛵䛩䜛◊✲䠈 37-58,1997. すᑿṇ㍤䠈᪂⨾ᡂ䠖Dysarthria 䛻䛚䛡䜛㡢⠇䛾 㐠 ື䠊㡢ኌゝㄒ་Ꮫ 43䠖9-20, 2002. Kent RD, Kent JF, Rosenbek JC: Maximum performance tests of speech production. J Speech Hear Disord 52: 367-387, 1987. ᴗ㸬2015 ᖺ㟁Ẽ㏻ಙᏛᏛ㝔ሗࢩࢫࢸ࣒ Ꮫ◊✲⛉༤ኈ๓ᮇㄢ⛬㸬࢚ࣥࢱࢸ࣓ࣥࣥࢺ ࠾ࡼࡧࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫ㛵ࡍࡿ ◊✲ᚑ㸬 ᰗ 㟷 䠄Ꮫ⏕ဨ䠅 2015 ᖺ㟁Ẽ㏻ಙᏛᏛ㝔ሗࢩࢫࢸ࣒ Ꮫ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄢ⛬ಟ㸬࢚ࣥࢱࢸ࣓ࣥࣥࢺ ࠾ࡼࡧࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫ㛵ࡍࡿ ◊✲ᚑ㸬 ᐑෆ ᑗᩯ 2014 ᖺ㟁Ẽ㏻ಙᏛᏛ㝔ሗࢩࢫࢸ࣒ Ꮫ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄢ⛬ಟ㸬࢚ࣥࢱࢸ࣓ࣥࣥࢺ ࠾ࡼࡧࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫ㛵ࡍࡿ ◊✲ᚑ㸬 ᮌᮧ ᑲ 䠄Ꮫ⏕ဨ䠅 2013 ᖺ㟁Ẽ㏻ಙᏛᏛ㝔ሗࢩࢫࢸ࣒ Ꮫ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄢ⛬ಟ㸬࢚ࣥࢱࢸ࣓ࣥࣥࢺ ࠾ࡼࡧࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫ㛵ࡍࡿ ◊✲ᚑ㸬 㔝ᔱ ⌶ஓ 㸦ṇဨ㸧 2003 ᖺᮾிᏛᏛ㝔ᕤᏛ⣔◊✲⛉༤ኈ ㄢ⛬ಟ㸬༤ኈ(ᕤᏛ)㸬ྠᖺ⯟✵Ᏹᐂᢏ⾡◊ ✲ᡤධᡤ㸬Ᏹᐂ⯟✵◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓࢆ⤒࡚㸪 2008 ᖺ 12 ᭶㟁Ẽ㏻ಙᏛᏛ㝔ሗࢩࢫࢸ ࣒Ꮫ◊✲⛉ᩍᤵ㸬㉸ேࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ༠⌮㸬ゐぬࣥࢱࣛ ࢡࢩࣙࣥ㸪㉸ேࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ/࣮࢜ࢢ࣓ࣥࢸࢵࢻࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㸪࢚ ࣥࢱࢸ࣓ࣥࣥࢺࡢ◊✲ᚑ㸬ࣂ࣮ࢳࣕࣝࣜࣜࢸᏛ 㸪ࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫᏛ㸪ࣟ࣎ࢵࢺᏛ㸪ሗ ฎ⌮Ꮫ㸪IEEE㸪ACM ဨ㸬༤ኈ(ᕤᏛ)㸬 䠄2015 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 3 ᪥ཷ䠅 − 250 −
© Copyright 2024 Paperzz
