1 月 12 日 8 WORLD 1/12/2013 9 ＭＷ０８ 初版 第３種郵便物認可 「シカゴライツ・アーバン・ファーム」のナターシャさん １２月２１日２２時３０分３５秒 Ｃ版 Ｍ版 Ｙ版 親版 土に触れることは「発達障害の子供たちの精神的安定にもつながる」と語るアレックスさん（左） 「ブルー・パイク・ファーム」経営者のカールさん（空中の物体は一体何なのかトムさんに確認中） Ｃ版 Ｍ版 Ｙ版 親版 Farming thrives in the Rust Belt 米国のオーガニック農業 “If the main reason we eat is to provide nutrition for our bodies, wouldn’t you want to put the best stuff in your system you could acquire, especially if you’re a parent feeding your children?” so says Carl Skalak, 64, as we sat looking out over Blue Pike Farm — his plot of farmland deep in a depressed neighborhood on Cleveland’s eastside. “You don’t put cheap used oil in the engine of your car. So why would you treat your food differently?” Carl was one of a host of farmers I met this past summer. Following on from a previous project documenting organic farming across the United States, I returned last year to spend a month meeting urban farmers who were working inside the city limits of three U.S. cities: Chicago, Cleveland and Detroit. These cities are often associated with the “Rust Belt” — a term coined for areas driven forward by manufacturing and heavy industry and then dragged back by their decline. In the wake of this economic back draft, urban farmers were finding the space to lay down roots in vacant, abandoned or undesirable land. On the roof of The Plant — a former meatpacking factoryturned-sustainable food business center in an industrial suburb thrive 成功する、繁盛する Rust Belt かつて重工業で繁栄 の工業地帯（rust はさび） nutrition 栄養 inside the city limits 市内で (be) associated with ~ ∼を連 想させる・関連がある coin （新しい言葉を）作る (be) driven forward 前進する、 成長する manufacturing 製造業 ■ 治安向上の効果も Like the use of rooftops, the differences in farming in a city compared to traditional farming in the countryside were clear to see. A city’s fire hydrants were often used as water sources and in a post-industrial city, farmers regularly grew in new soil spread on top of existing concrete that acts as a barrier against a potential cocktail of contaminants underneath. However, the most noticeable aspect was how farming was not only seen as a form of food production, but also as a social tool to help the local community. Chicago Lights Urban Farm is located on the site of a former basketball court in Cabrini-Green, a Chicago neighborhood formerly notorious for its social problems through decades of mismanagement and neglect. The farm has turned into a focal point heavy industry 重工業 drag back 引きずり戻す decline 衰退 in the wake of ~ ∼を受けて back draft 逆流 lay down roots 根を張る abandoned 放置された meatpacking 食肉加工の sustainable 地球に優しい suburb 郊外 run 経営する local 地元の、地産の neighborhood 地域 define 定義する（後出 redefine は再定義する） vice versa 逆もまた同様 fire hydrant 消火栓 water sources 水源 post-industrial 脱工業化した cocktail of ~ ∼の混合物 contaminant 汚染物質 for the local community and a safe haven for the youth in the area. “There’s such a draw to drugs and gangs, but given a choice they come here and work. It gives them something to do,” says Natasha Holbert, the program director for youth development and job training at Chicago Lights. “A lot of them said this program — the youth corps — has kept them out of jail. This farm has kept them alive.” 屋上農場という新しい形の農業を推進するアレックス さん U. S. — with its population of over 310 million — more than 80 percent are urbanites. The people I met this summer showed me that alternatives existed to our current models of mass food production and consumption, even within our modern urban societies. The potential was there for a richer, more diverse food system in our cities that would redefine our relationship with food and with each other. ■ 土に触れ、心身ともに健康に At Cleveland Crops — an employment project for people with mental or physical developmental disabilities — staff member Kelly Powers, 29, sees how farming helps in ways beyond what they had imagined. “When the program first started it was about economic development. But it’s much more now, we’re beginning to see the benefits all around — the positive effects with these guys and their mental well-being,” says Powers. “It’s good for people to have their hands in the dirt. It always has a positive effect on people.” In 2008, according to the U.N., over half of the world’s population resided in urban areas for the first time in history. In the noticeable 目立つ、顕著な (notorious for ~ ∼で悪名高い decades 数十年 mismanagement 誤った管理 neglect 放置状態 focal point 中心 safe haven 安全な場所 draw 引きつけるもの、魅力 corps 団体 jail 刑務所 developmental disability 発達 reside 住む urbanite 都会人 alternative 代替策 mass food production 食料の 障害 大量生産 well-being 健康、幸福 dirt 土 consumption 消費 diverse 多種の 第一次、第二次世界大戦中には「ビクトリー・ ガーデン」と呼ぶ家庭菜園の運動があった。当 時、 経済危機による食料難などを避けるため、市 民が自宅の庭、屋上、空き地を使い野菜などを 育てた。米農務省の２００９年「食の砂漠」の調査 によると、１０００万人以上の米国人が一番近い食 料品店から１マイル （1.6キロ）以上離れている 場所に住んでいるという結果が出た。このた め、市内の低所得者が、近くで生鮮食料を購入 することが難しくなっているのが現状。 トム 宮川コールトン １９８１年東京生まれの日英ハーフ。６歳まで日本で育ち、 その後ロンドンに移住。スコッ トランドのスターリング大学で日本語、ロンドン芸術大学でドキュメンタリー写真を 学ぶ。２０１０年に「名取洋之助賞」を受賞。現在は東京を拠点に活動中。 したが今は衰退した五大湖周辺 one’s system 身体 acquire 得る feed 食事を与える plot 区画 depressed 不景気の treat 扱う document 記録する of Chicago — Alex Poltorak, 28, runs his company Urban Canopy, to promote rooftop farming in the city. “There’s not much more ‘local’ than farming in your neighborhood or on the building where you live” says Poltorak. “A lot of food is defined by community and vice versa. The food defines community.” デトロイトの「ブラザー・ネイチャー・ファーム」で働くグレッグさん ■ 都市郊外で有機農業 クリーブランドのエリーズエッジという農場で働くエリンさん &*Y0112V10DWDD0Y08*& &*M0112V10DWDD0M08*& &*C0112V10DWDD0C08*& &*P0112V10DWDD0208*& Story and photos by Tom Miyagawa Coulton
© Copyright 2024 Paperzz
