References
Abry, C., Boë, L.-J., Laboissière, R., & Schwartz, J.-L. (1998). A new puzzle for
the evolution of speech. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 21, 512-513.
Acredolo, L., & Goodwyn, S. (1988). Symbolic gesturing in normal infants. Child
Development, 59, 450-466.
Adcock, G. J., Dennis, E. S., Easteal, S., Huttley, G. A., Jermiin, L. S., Peacock,
W. J., et al. (2001). Mitochondrial DNA sequences in ancient Australians:
Implications for modern human origins. Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences, 98, 537-542.
Aich, H., Moos-Heilen, R., & Zimmermann, E. (1990). Vocalizations of adult
gelada baboons (Theropithecus gelada): Acoustic structure and behavioural
context. Folia Primatologica, 55, 109-132.
Aiello, L. C., & Collard, M. (2001). Our newest oldest ancestor? Nature, 410,
526-527.
Aiello, L. C., & Dunbar, R. I. M. (1993). Neocortex size, group size, and the
evolution of language. Current Anthropology, 34, 184-193.
Ambrose, S. H. (2001). Paleolithic technology and human evolution. Science, 291,
1748-1753.
Andrews, G., Quinn, P. T., & Sorby, W. A. (1972). Stuttering: An investigation
into cerebral dominance for speech. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery
Psychiatry, 35, 414-418.
Andrews, P. J. (1989). Palaeoecology of Laetoli. Journal of Human Evolution, 18,
173-181.
Annett, M. (1972). The distribution of manual asymmetry. British Journal of
Psychology, 63, 343-358.
Annett, M. (1993). The right shift theory of a genetic balanced polymorphism
for cerebral dominance and cognitive processing. Cahiers de Psychologie
Cognitive, 14, 427-480.
Appenzeller, T. (1998). Art: Evolution or Revolution? Science, 282, 1451.
Arbib, M. A., & Rizzolatti, G. (1997). Neural expectations: A possible evolutionary path from manual skills to language. Communication and Cognition, 29,
393-424.
1
Arcadi, A. C. (1996). Phrase structure of wild chimpanzee pant hoots: Patterns
of production and interpopulation variability. American Journal of Primatology, 39, 159-178.
Arcadi, A. C. (2000). Vocal responsiveness in male wild chimpanzees: implications
for the evolution of language. Journal of Human Evolution, 39, 205-223.
Arcadi, A. C., Robert, D., & Boesch, C. (1998). Buttress drumming by wild
chimpanzees: Temporal patterning, phrase integration into loud calls, and
preliminary evidence for individual distinctiveness. Primates, 39, 505-518.
Armstrong, D. F. (1999). Original signs: Gesture, sign, and the sources of language. DC: Gallaudet University Press.
Armstrong, D. F., Stokoe, W. C., & Wilcox, S. E. (1995). Gesture and the nature
of language. Cambridge University Press.
Balcombe, J. P., & Fenton, M. B. (1988). The communication role of echolocation
calls in vespertilionid bats. In P. E. Nachtigall & P. W. B. Moore (Eds.),
Animal sonar: Processes and Performance (pp. 625-628). NY: Plenum.
Balter, M. (1999). New light on the oldest art. Science, 283, 920-922.
Balter, M. (2000). Paintings in Italian cave may be oldest yet. Science, 290,
419-21.
Balter, M. (2001a). In search of the first Europeans. Science, 291, 1722-1725.
Balter, M. (2001b). Scientists spar over claims of earliest human ancestor. Science,
291, 1460-1461.
Barakat, R. A. (1987). Cistercian sign languages. In J. Umiker-Sebeok & T. A.
Sebeok (Eds.), Monastic Sign Languages (pp. 69-322). Berlin: Mouton de
Gruyter.
Barnett, K. J., & Corballis, M. C. (2002). Ambidexterity and magical ideation.
Laterality, 7, 75-84.
Baron-Cohen, S. (1999). The evolution of a theory of mind. In M. C. Corballis
& S. E. G. Lea (Eds.), The descent of mind: Psychological perspectives on
hominid evolution (pp. 261-277). Oxford University Press.
Bauer, R. H. (1993). Lateralization of neural control for vocalization by the
frog(Rana pipiens). psychobiology, 21, 243-248.
Bengston, J. (1992). Eve’s dictionary. In V. Shevoroshkin (Ed.), Nostratic, DeneCaucasian, Austric and Amerind (pp. 474-479). Bochum: Brockmeyer.
Bickerton, D. (1984). The language bioprogram hypothesis. Behavioral and Brain
Sciences, 7, 173-222.
Bickerton, D. (1995). Language and human behavior. Seattle: University of
Washington Press.
Biederman, I. (1987). Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image
understanding. Psychological Review, 94, 115-147.
2
Bierce, A. (1997). The devil’s dictionary (6th ed.). Oxford University Press. (西
川正身訳 1997 新編 悪魔の辞典 岩波書店)
Bingham, P. M. (1999). Human uniqueness: A general theory. Quarterly Review
of Biology, 74, 133-169.
Blackmore, S. (1999). The meme machine. Oxford University Press. (垂水雄二訳
2000 ミーム・マシーンとしての私（上・下） 草思社)
Blakemore, C. (1991). Computational principles of the cerebral cortex. Psychologist, 14, 73.
Blakemore, S.-J., Wolpert, D. M., & Frith, C. D. (1998). Central cancellation of
self-produced tickle sensation. Nature Neuroscience, 1, 635-640.
Boesch-Achermann, H., & Boesch, C. (1994). Hominization in the rainforest: The
chimpanzee’s piece of the puzzle. Evolutionary Anthropology, 3, 9-16.
Bogen, J. E. (1993). The callosal syndromes. In K. M. Heilman & E. Valenstein (Eds.), Clinical neuropsychology (3rd ed., pp. 337-407). NY: Oxford
university press. (杉下守弘訳 1995 臨床神経心理学 朝倉書店 所収)
Bradshaw, J. L. (1997). Human evolution: A neuropsychological perspective. Hove:
Psychology.
Bradshaw, J. L., & Rogers, L. J. (1993). The evolution of lateral asymmetries,
language, tool use, and intellect. Sydney: Academic.
Brain, C. K. (1993). The occurrence of burnt bones at Swartkrans and their
implications for the control of fire by early humans. In C. K. Brain (Ed.),
Swartkrans: A cave’s chronicle of early man (pp. 229-242). Transvaal Museum monograph no. 8. Pretoria: Transvaal Museum.
Broadhurst, C. L., Cunnane, S. C., & Crawford, M. A. (1998). Rift Valley lake
fish and shellfish provided brain-specific nutrition for early Homo. British
Journal of Nutrition, 79, 3-21.
Browman, C., & Goldstein, L. (1991). Gestural structures: Distinctiveness, phonological processes, and historical change. In I. G. Mattingly & M. StuddertKennedy (Eds.), Modularity and the motor theory of speech perception (pp.
313-338). NJ: Erlbaum.
Brown, F., Harris, J., Leakey, R., & Walker, A. (1985). Early Homo erectus
skeleton from west Lake Turkana, Kenya. Nature, 316, 788-792.
Brueckner, M., D’Eustachio, P., & Horwich, A. (1989). Linkage mapping of a
mouse gene, iv, that controls left-right asymmetry of the heart and viscera.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 86, 5035-5038.
Brugger, P., Gamma, A., Muri, R., Schafer, M., & Taylor, K. I. (1993). Functional
hemispheric asymmetry and belief in ESP: Towards a “neuropsychology of
belief”. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 77, 1299-1308.
Brunet, M., Beauvilain, A., Coppens, Y., Heintz, E., Moutaye, A., & Pilbeam,
3
D. (1995). The first australopithecine 2,500 kilometres west of the Rift
Valley(Chad). Nature, 378, 273-275.
Buettner-Janusch, J. (1966). Origins of man: Physical anthropology. NY: Wiley.
Burling, R. (1999). Motivation, conventionalization, and arbitrariness in the origin
of language. In B. J. King (Ed.), The origins of language: What nonhuman
primates can tell us (pp. 307-350). NM: School of American Research press.
Butler, D. (2001). The battle of Tugen Hills. Nature, 410, 508-509.
Butterworth, B., & Hadar, U. (1989). Gesture, speech, and computational stages:
A reply to McNeill. Psychological Review, 96, 168-174.
Buxhoeveden, D., & Casanova, M. (2000). Comparative lateralisation patterns in
the language area of human, chimpanzee, and rhesus monkey brains. Laterality, 4, 315-330.
Byrne, R. W. (1995). The thinking ape: Evolutionary origins of intelligence.
Oxford University Press. (小山高正・伊藤紀子訳 1998 考えるサル—知能
の進化論 大月書店)
Byrne, R. W. (1996). The misunderstood ape: Cognitive skills of the gorilla. In A.
E. Russon, K. A. Bard, & S. T. Parker (Eds.), Reaching into thought: The
minds of the great apes (pp. 111-130). Cambridge University Press.
Byrne, R. W. (2000). Evolution of primate cognition. Cognitive Science, 24,
543-570.
Byrne, R. W., & Russon, A. E. (1998). Learning by imitation: A hierarchical
approach. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 21, 667-721.
Calvin, W. H. (1983). The throwing madonna: Essays on the brain. NY: McGrawHill. (須田勇・寺本コウ・足立千鶴子訳 1987 マドンナがしとめた—脳の進
化は女性から始まった 誠信書房)
Calvin, W. H., & Bickerton, D. (2000). Lingua ex machina: Reconciling Darwin
and Chomsky with the human brain. MIT Press.
Cann, R. L. (1993). Human dispersal and divergence. Trends in Ecology and
Evolution, 8, 27-31.
Cann, R. L. (2001). Genetic clues to dispersal in human populations: Retracing
the past from the present. Science, 291, 1742-1748.
Carstairs-McCarthy, A. (1999). The origins of complex language: An inquiry
into the evolutionary beginnings of sentences, syllables, and truth. Oxford
University Press.
Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (2000). Genes, peoples, and languages. NY: North Point. (赤
木昭夫訳 2001 文化インフォマティックス—遺伝子・人種・言語 産業図書)
Chagnon, N. A. (1968). Yanomamö: The fierce people. NY: Holt, Rinehart, and
Winston.
Chagnon, N. A. (1988). Life histories, blood revenge, and warfare in a tribal
4
population. Science, 239, 985-992.
Cheney, D. L., & Seyfarth, R. M. (1990). How monkeys see the world: Inside the
mind of another species. University of Chicago Press.
Chomsky, N. (1966). Cartesian linguistics: A chapter in the history of rationalist
thought. NY: Harper and Row. (川本茂雄訳 2000 デカルト派言語学—合理
主義思想の歴史の一章 みすず書房)
Chomsky, N. (1986). Knowledge of language: Its nature, origin, and use. NY:
Praeger.
Chomsky, N. (1995). The minimalist program. MIT Press. (外池滋生・大石正幸
訳 1998 ミニマリスト・プログラム 翔泳社)
Chomsky, N. (2000). New horizons in the study of language and mind. Cambridge
University Press.
Clahsen, H. (1999). Lexical entries and rules of language: A multidisciplinary
study of German inflection. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 991-1013.
Clark, A. P., & Wrangham, R. W. (1993). Acoustic analysis of wild chimpanzee
pant hoots: Do Kibale Forest chimpanzees have an acoustically distinct food
arrival pant hoot. American Journal of Primatology, 31, 99-109.
Clayton, N. S., & Dickinson, A. (1998). Episodic-like memory during cache recovery by scrub jays. Nature, 395, 272-274.
Collins, R. L. (1970). The sound of one paw clapping: An inquiry into the origin
of left handedness. In G. Lindzey & D. D. Thiessen (Eds.), Contributions
to behavior-genetic analysis: The mouse as a prototype (pp. 115-136). NY:
Meredith.
Conrad, R. (1979). The deaf schoolchild: Language and cognitive function. London:
Harper and Row.
Coppens, Y. (1994). East Side Story: The origin of humankind. Scientific American, 270, 88-95.
Corballis, M. C. (1991). The lopsided ape: Evolution of the generative mind. NY:
Oxford University Press.
Corballis, M. C. (1992). On the evolution of language and generativity. Cognition,
44, 197-226.
Corballis, M. C. (1997). The genetics and evolution of handedness. Psychological
Review, 104, 714-727.
Corballis, M. C. (1998). Cerebral asymmetry: Motoring on. Trends in Cognitive
Sciences, 2, 152-157.
Corballis, M. C. (1999a). Are we in our right minds? In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Mind
myths: Exploring popular assumptions about the mind and brain (pp. 25-41).
NY: Wiley.
Corballis, M. C. (1999b). The gestural origins of language. American Scientist,
5
87, 138-145.
Corballis, M. C. (2001). Is the handedness gene on the X chromosome? Psychological Review, 108, 805-810.
Corballis, M. C., & Morgan, M. J. (1978). On the biological basis of human
laterality: I. Evidence for a maturational left-right gradient. Behavioral and
Brain Sciences, 2, 261-268.
Coren, S., & Halpern, D. F. (1991). Left-handedness: A marker for decreased
survival fitness. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 90-106.
Coren, S., & Porac, C. (1977). Fifty centuries of right-handedness: The historical
record. Science, 198, 631-632.
Corina, D. P., Neville, H. J., & Bavelier, D. (1998). Response from Corina, Neville
and Bavelier. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2, 468-470.
Coulmas, F. (1989). The writing systems of the world. Oxford: Blackwell.
Cox, J. R., & Griggs, R. A. (1982). The effects of experience on performance in
Wason’s selection task. Memory and Cognition, 10, 496-502.
Crain, S., & Nakayama, M. (1987). Structure dependence in children’s language.
Language, 62, 522-543.
Critchley, M. (1939). The language of gesture. London: Arnold.
Critchley, M. (1975). Silent language. London: Butterworths.
Crow, T. J. (1997). Schizophrenia as failure of hemispheric dominance for language. Trends in Neurosciences, 20, 339-343.
Crow, T. J. (1998). Sexual selection, timing and the descent of man: A theory
of the genetic origins of language. Current Psychology of Cognition, 17,
1079-1114.
Crow, T. J., Crow, L. R., Done, D. J., & Leask, S. (1998). Relative hand skill predicts academic ability: Global deficits at the point of hemispheric indecision.
Neuropsychologia, 36, 1275-1282.
Crystal, D. (1997). The Cambridge encyclopedia of language (2nd ed.). Cambridge
University Press.
Dart, R. A. (1925). Australopithecus Africanus: The man-ape of South Africa.
Nature, 115, 195-199.
Darwin, C. (1859). The origin of species. London: John Murray. (八杉龍一訳
1990 種の起原（上・下） 岩波書店)
Darwin, C. (1896). The descent of man and selection in relation to sex. London:
William Clowes. (Orignal work published 1871) （長谷川眞理子訳 1999・
2000 人間の進化と性淘汰（I・II） 文一総合出版)
Darwin, C. (1965). The expression of the emotions in man and animals. University
of Chicago Press. (Orignal work published 1904)
Davidson, I., & Noble, W. (1992). Why the first colonisation of the Australian
6
region is the earliest evidence of modern human behaviour. Perspectives in
Human Biology, 2, 135-142.
Davidson, I., & Noble, W. (1993). Tools and language in human evolution. In
K. R. Gibson & T. Ingold (Eds.), Tools, language, and cognition in human
evolution (pp. 363-388). Cambridge University Press.
Dawkins, R. (1976). The selfish gene. Oxford University Press. (日高敏隆・岸由
二・羽田節子・垂水雄二訳 1991 利己的な遺伝子 紀伊國屋書店)
Dawkins, R., & Krebs, J. R. (1978). Animal signals: Information or manipulation.
In J. R. Krebs & N. B. Davies (Eds.), Behavioural ecology: An evolutionary
approach (pp. 283-309). MA: Sinauer. (山岸哲・巌佐庸監訳 1994 進化か
らみた行動生態学 蒼樹書房)
Dawson, J. L. (1972). Temne-Arunta hand-eye dominance and cognitive style.
International Journal of Psychology, 7, 219-233.
Deacon, T. W. (1997). The symbolic species: The co-evolution of language and
the brain. NY: Norton. (金子隆芳訳 1999 ヒトはいかにして人となったか—
言語と脳の共進化 新曜社)
De Condillac, E. B. (1971). An essay on the origin of human knowledge: Being a
supplement to Mr. Locke’s essay on the human understanding (T. Nugent,
1756, Trans., Reprinted by R. G. Weyant). Fl: Scholars’ Facsimiles and
Reprints. (Original work published 1746)
Dennett, D. C. (1994). The role of language in intelligence. In J. Khalfa (Ed.),
What is Intelligence? (pp. 161-178). Cambridge University Press.
(今井
邦彦訳 1997 知のしくみ—その多様性とダイナミズム 新曜社)
Descartes, R. (1985). The philosophical writings of Descartes (J. Cottingham, R.
Stoothoff, & D. Murdock, Eds. and Trans.). Cambridge University Press.
(Original work published 1647)
Deuchar, M. (1996). Spoken language and sign language. In A. Lock & C. R.
Peters (Eds.), Handbook of human symbolic evolution (pp. 553-570). Oxford:
Clarendon.
De Villiers, J. G., & De Villiers, P. A. (2000). Linguistic determinism and the
understanding of false beliefs. In P. Mitchell & K. Riggs (Eds.), Children’s
reasoning and the mind (pp. 189-226). Hove: Psychology.
De Waal, F. (1982). Chimpanzee politics: Power and sex among apes. NY: Harper
and Row. (西田利貞訳 1987 政治をするサル—チンパンジーの権力と性 ど
うぶつ社)
Diamond, A. S. (1959). The history and origin of language. London: Methuen.
Diamond, J. M. (1992). The third chimpanzee: The future and evolution of the
human animal. NY: Harper Collins. (長谷川真理子訳 1993 人間はどこま
でチンパンジーか?—人類進化の栄光と翳り 新曜社)
7
Diamond, J. M. (1997). Guns, germs, and steel: The fates of human societies.
NY: Norton. (倉骨彰訳 2000 銃・病原菌・鉄—1 万 3000 年にわたる人類史
の謎（上・下） 草思社)
Diamond, J. M. (2001). Unwritten knowledge. Nature, 410, 521.
Dominguez-Rodrigo, M., Serrallonga, J., Juan-Tresserras, J., Alcala, L., & Luque,
L. (2001). Woodworking activities by early humans: A plant residue analysis on Acheulian stone tools from Peninj (Tanzania). Journal of Human
Evolution, 40, 289-299.
Donald, M. (1991). Origins of the modern mind: Three stages in the evolution of
culture and cognition. MA: Harvard University Press.
Donald, M. (1999). Preconditions for the evolution of protolanguages. In M. C.
Corballis & S. E. G. Lea (Eds.), The descent of mind (pp. 138-154). Oxford
University Press.
Dunbar, R. I. M. (1992). Social behaviour and evolutionary theory. In S. Jones,
R. Martin & D. Pilbeam (Eds.), The Cambridge encyclopedia of human evolution (pp. 145-147). Cambridge University Press.
Dunbar, R. I. M. (1993). Coevolution of neocortical size, group size, and language
in humans. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 681-735.
Dunbar, R. I. M., & Dunbar, P. (1975). Social dynamics of gelada baboons.
Contributions to Primatology, 6, 1-157.
Eccles, J. C. (1965). The brain and the unity of conscious experience. Cambridge
University Press. (土居健郎・吉田哲雄訳 1967 脳と意識的経験の統一 医
学書院)
Eccles, J. C. (1981). Mental dualism and commissurotomy. Behavioral and Brain
Sciences, 105.
Ehert, G. (1987). Left hemisphere advantage in the mouse brain for recognizing
ultrasonic communication calls. Nature, 325, 249-251.
Elman, J. L., Bates, E. A., Johnson, M. H., Karmiloff-Smith, A., Parisi, D., &
Plunkett, K. (1996). Rethinking innateness: A connectionist perspective on
development. MIT Press. (乾敏郎・山下博志・今井むつみ訳 1998 認知発
達と生得性—心はどこから来るのか 共立出版)
Fagan, B. M. (1989). People of the earth: An introduction to world prehistory (6th
ed.). IL: Scott Foresman.
Falk, D. (1975). Comparative anatomy of the larynx in man and the chimpanzee:
Implications for language in Neanderthal. American Journal of Physical
Anthropology, 43, 123-132.
Falk, D. (1983). The Taung endocast: A reply to Holloway. American Journal of
Physical Anthropology, 60, 479-489.
Fernandes, M. E. B. (1991). Tool use and predation of oysters (Crassostrea
8
rhizophorae) by the tufted capuchin, Cebus apella apella, in brackish water
mangrove swamp. Primates, 32, 529-531.
Feyereisen, P. (1997). The competition between gesture and speech production in
dual-task paradigms. Journal of Memory and Language, 36, 13-33.
Fifer, F. C. (1987). The adoption of bipedalism by the hominids: A new hypothesis.
Human Evolution, 2, 135-147.
Fitch, R. H., Brown, C. P., O’Connor, K., & Tallal, P. (1993). Functional lateralization for auditory temporal processing in male and female rats. Behavioral
Neuroscience, 107, 844-850.
Fitch, W. T. (2000). The evolution of speech: A comparative review. Trends in
Cognitive Sciences, 4, 258-267.
Fodor, J. (2000). The mind doesn’t work that way: The scope and limits of
computational psychology. MIT Press.
Frishberg, N. (1975). Arbitrariness and iconicity: Historical change in American
Sign Language. Language, 51, 696-719.
Funnell, M. G., Corballis, P. M., & Gazzaniga, M. S. (1999). A deficit in perceptual
matching in the left hemisphere of a callosotomy patient. Neuropsychologia,
37, 1143-1154.
Gabunia, L., Vekua, A., Lordkipanidze, D., Swisher III, C. C., Ferring, R., Justus,
A., et al. (2000). Earliest Pleistocene hominid cranial remains from Dmanisi,
Republic of Georgia: Taxonomy, geological setting, and age. Science, 288,
1019-1025.
Gallese, V., & Goldman, A. (1998). Mirror neurons and the simulation theory of
mind-reading. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2, 493-501.
Gannon, P. J., Holloway, R. L., Broadfield, D. C., & Braun, A. R. (1998). Asymmetry of chimpanzee planum temporale: Humanlike pattern of Wernicke’s
brain language area homolog. Science, 279, 220-222.
Gardner, M. (1960). The annotated Alice. NY: Clarkson N Potter. (石川澄子・高
山宏訳 1980 不思議の国のアリス・鏡の国のアリス 東京図書)
Gardner, M. (1967). The ambidextrous universe. London: Penguin. (坪井忠二・
小島弘訳 1971 自然界における左と右 紀伊國屋書店)
Gardner, R. A., & Gardner, B. (1969). Teaching sign language to a chimpanzee.
Science, 165, 664-672.
Gaur, A. (1987). A history of writing. London: British Library. (矢島文夫・大城
光正訳 1987 文字の歴史—起源から現代まで 原書房)
Gazzaniga, M. S. (1987). Perceptual and attentional processes following callosal
section in humans. Neuropsychologia, 25, 119-133.
Gazzaniga, M. S. (2000). Cerebral specialization and interhemispheric communication: Does the corpus callosum enable the human condition? Brain, 123,
9
1293-1326.
Gelb, I. J. (1974). A study of writing. University of Chicago Press.
Geschwind, N., & Levitsky, W. (1968). Human brain: Left-right asymmetries in
temporal speech region. Science, 161, 186-187.
Gibson, K. R., & Jessee, S. (1999). Language evolution and expansions of multiple
neurological processing areas. In B. J. King (Ed.), The origins of language:
What nonhuman primates can tell us (pp. 189-227). NM: School of American
Research Press.
Givón, T. (1995). Functionalism and grammar. PA: John Benjamins.
Goldin-Meadow, S., & McNeill, D. (1999). The role of gesture and mimetic
representation in making language the province of speech. In M. C. Corballis
& S. E. G. Lea (Eds.), The descent of mind (pp. 155-172). Oxford University
Press.
Goldin-Meadow, S., McNeill, D., & Singleton, J. (1996). Silence is liberating: Removing the handcuffs on grammatical expression and speech. Psychological
Review, 103, 34-55.
Goldin-Meadow, S., & Mylander, C. (1998). Spontaneous sign systems created by
deaf children in two cultures. Nature, 391, 279-281.
Goller, F., & Suthers, R. (1995). Implications for lateralization of bird song from
unilateral gating of bilateral motor patterns. Nature, 373, 63-66.
Goodall, J. (1986). The chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of behavior. MA: Belknap
Press of Harvard University Press. (杉山幸丸・松沢哲郎監訳 1990 野生チ
ンパンジーの世界 ミネルヴァ書房)
Goren-Inbar, N., Feibel, C. S., Verosub, K. L., Melamed, Y., Kislev, M. E., Tchernov, E., et al. (2000). Pleistocene milestones on the out-of-Africa corridor
at Gesher Benot Ya’aqov, Israel. Science, 289, 944-947.
Gould, S. J., & Lewontin, R. C. (1979). The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: A critique of the adaptationist programme. Proceedings
of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 205, 581-598.
Gould, S. J., & Vrba, E. S. (1982). Exaptation—a missing term in the science of
form. Paleobiology, 8, 4-15.
Gowlett, J. A. J. (1984). Ascent to civilization. London: Collins.
Greenfield, P. M. (1991). Language, tools and brain: The ontogeny and phylogeny of hierarchically organized sequential behavior. Behavioral and Brain
Sciences, 14, 531-595.
Greenfield, P. M., Maynard, A. E., Boehm, C., & Schmidtling, E. Y. (2000).
Cultural apprenticeship and cultural change: Tool learning and imitation in
chimpanzees and humans. In S. T. Parker, J. Langer & M. L. McKinney
(Eds.), Biology, brains, and behavior: The evolution of human development
10
(pp. 237-277). NM: School of American Research Press.
Griffin, D. R. (1976). The question of animal awareness: Evolutionary continuity
of mental experience. NY: Rockefeller University Press. (桑原万寿太郎訳
1979 動物に心があるか—心的体験の進化的連続性 岩波書店)
Grossman, M. (1980). A central processor for hierarchically-structured material:
Evidence from Broca’s aphasia. Neuropsychologia, 18, 299-308.
Groves, C. P. (1989). A theory of human and primate evolution. Oxford: Clarendon
Press.
Haimoff, E. H. (1986). Convergence in the duetting of monogamous old world
primates. Journal of Human Evolution, 15, 51-59.
Hamilton, W. D. (1964). The genetical evolution of social behavior I. Journal of
Theoretical Biology, 7, 1-16.
Hammer, M. F. (1995). A recent common ancestry for human Y chromosomes.
Nature, 378, 376-378.
Hardy, A. (1960). Was man more aquatic in the past? New Scientist, 7, 642-645.
Hare, B., Call, J., Agnetta, B., & Tomasello, M. (2000). Chimpanzees know what
conspecifics do and do not see. Animal Behaviour, 59, 771-785.
Hare, B., & Tomasello, M. (1999). Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) use human
and conspecific social cues to locate hidden food. Journal of Comparative
Psychology, 113, 173-177.
Harris, L. J. (1993). Do left-handers die sooner than right-handers? Commentary
on Coren and Halpern’s (1991) Left-handedness: A marker for decreased
survival fitness. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 203-234.
Hauser, M. D. (1996). The evolution of communication. MIT Press.
Hauser, M. D., & Anderson, K. (1994). Functional lateralization for auditory temporal processing in adult, but not infant rhesus monkeys: Field experiments.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (US), 91, 3946-3948.
Hauser, M. D., Teixidor, P., Field, L., & Flaherty, R. (1993). Food-elicited calls
in chimpanzees: Effects of food quantity and divisibility. Animal Behaviour,
45, 817-819.
Hauser, M. D., & Wrangham, R. W. (1987). Manipulation of food calls in captive
chimpanzees: A preliminary report. Folia Primatologica, 48, 207-210.
Hayes, C. (1952). The ape in our house. London: Gollancz. (林寿郎訳 1953 密
林から来た養女—チンパンジーを育てる 法政大学出版局)
Hedges, S. B. (2000). Human evolution: A start for population genomics. Nature,
408, 652-653.
Heffner, H. E., & Heffner, R. S. (1984). Temporal lobe lesions and perception of
species-specific vocalizations by macaques. Science, 226, 75-76.
Heilman, K. M., & Rothi, L. J. G. (1985). Apraxia. In K. M. Heilman & E. Valen11
stein (Eds.), Clinical neuropsychology (2nd ed., pp. 131-150). NY: Oxford
University Press. (杉下守弘訳 1995 臨床神経心理学 朝倉書店 所収)
Hewes, G. W. (1973). Primate communication and the gestural origin of language.
Current Anthropology, 14, 5-24.
Hewes, G. W. (1981). Pointing and language. In T. Myers, J. Laver & J. M.
Anderson (Eds.), The cognitive representation of speech (pp. 263-269). NY:
North-Holland.
Hewes, G. W. (1996). A history of the study of language origins and the gestural
primacy hypothesis. In A. Lock & C. R. Peters (Eds.), Handbook of human
symbolic evolution (pp. 571-595). Oxford University Press.
Hickok, G., Bellugi, U., & Klima, E. S. (1997). The basis of the neural organization for language: Evidence from sign language aphasia. Reviews in the
Neurosciences, 8, 205-222.
Hickok, G., Bellugi, U., & Klima, E. S. (1998). What’s right about the neural
organization of sign language? A perspective on recent neuroimaging results.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2, 465-468.
Highfield, D. R., & Carter, P. (1994). The private lives of Albert Einstein. NY:
St. Martin’s. (古賀弥生訳 1994 裸のアインシュタイン—女も宇宙も愛し
ぬいた男の大爆発 (ビッグバン) 徳間書店)
Hockett, C. (1960). Logical considerations in the study of animal communication.
In W. E. Lanyon & W. N. Tavolga (Eds.), Animal sounds and communication
(pp. 392-430). DC: American Institute of Biological Sciences.
Hockett, C. F. (1960). The origin of speech. Scientific American, 203, 89-96.
Holloway, R. L. (1983). Human paleontological evidence relevant to language
behavior. Human Neurobiology, 2, 105-114.
Holloway, R. L. (1985). The past, present, and future significance of the lunate
sulcus in early hominid evolution. In P. V. Tobias, V. Strong & H. White
(Eds.), Hominid evolution: Past, present and future (pp. 47-62). NY: Alan
R. Liss.
Holloway Jr, R. L. (1969). Culture: A human domain. Current Anthropology, 10,
395-412.
Hopkins, W. D. (1996). Chimpanzee handedness revisited: 55 years since Finch
(1941). Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 3, 449-457.
Hopkins, W. D., & Leavens, D. A. (1998). Hand use and gestural communication
in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 112,
95-99.
Hudson, R. A. (1980). Sociolinguistics. Cambridge University Press. (松山幹秀・
生田少子訳 1988 社会言語学 未来社)
Hunt, G. R. (2000). Human-like, population-level specialization in the manu12
facture of pandanus tools by New Caledonian crows Corvus moneduloides.
Proceedings of the Royal Society, London B, 267, 403-413.
Imanishi, K. (1957). Identification: A process of enculturation in the subhuman
society of Macaca fuscata. Primates, 1, 1-29.
Ingman, M., Kaessmann, H., Pääbo, S., & Gyllensten, U. (2000). Mitochondrial
genome variation and the origin of modern humans. Nature, 408, 708-713.
Isaac, B. (1987). Throwing and human evolution. African Archaeological Review,
5, 3-17.
Isaac, B. (1992). Throwing. In S. Jones, R. D. Martin & D. R. Pilbeam (Eds.), The
Cambridge encyclopedia of human evolution (p. 358). Cambridge University
Press.
Iverson, J. M., Capirci, O., & Caselli, M. C. (1994). From communication to
language in two modalities. Cognitive Development, 9, 23-43.
Jakobson, R. (1968). Child language aphasia and phonological universals (A. R.
Keller, Trans.). The Hague: Mouton. (Original work published 1940)
Jalles-Filho, E., Da Cunha, R. G. T., & Salm, R. A. (2001). Transport of tools and
mental representation: Is capuchin monkey tool behaviour a useful model of
Plio-Pleistocene hominid technology? Journal of Human Evolution, 40, 365377.
Jancke, L., & Steinmetz, H. (1993). Auditory lateralization and planum temporale
asymmetry. Neuroreport, 5, 169-172.
Janik, V. M. (2000). Whistle matching in wild bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops
truncatus). Science, 289, 1355-1357.
Jaynes, J. (1976). The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral
mind. MA: Houghton Mifflin. (柴田裕之訳 2005 神々の沈黙—意識の誕生
と文明の興亡 紀伊國屋書店)
Johanson, D. C., & Edey, M. A. (1981). Lucy, the beginnings of humankind. NY:
Simon and Schuster. (渡辺毅訳 1986 ルーシー—謎の女性と人類の進化 ど
うぶつ社)
Johnson, F. (2000). I’m a soul man. Spectator, 284, 10-11.
Johnson, W. (1955). Stuttering in children and adults: Thirty years of research at
the University of Iowa. University of Minnesota Press.
Jones, G. V., & Martin, M. (2000). A note on Corballis (1997) and the genetics
and evolution of handedness: Developing a unified distributional model from
the sex-chromosomes gene hypothesis. Psychological Review, 107, 213-218.
Jones, S. (2000). Almost like a whale: The origin of species updated. London:
Anchor Books.
Jones, S., Martin, R., & Pilbeam, D. E. (1992). The Cambridge encyclopedia of
human evolution. Cambridge University Press.
13
Jurgens, U., Kirzinger, A., & von Cramon, D. (1982). The effects of deep-reaching
lesions in the cortical face area on phonation. A combined case report and
experimental monkey study. Cortex, 18, 125-139.
Karnath, H.-O., Ferber, S., & Himmelbach, M. (2001). Spatial awareness is a
function of the temporal not the posterior parietal lobe. Nature, 411, 950953.
Kay, R. F., Cartmill, M., & Barlow, M. (1998). The hypoglossal canal and the
origin of human vocal behavior. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, 95, 5417-5419.
Kay, R. F., Fleagle, J. G., & Symonds, E. L. (1981). A revision of the Oligene apes from the Fayum Province, Egypt. American Journal of Physical
Anthropology, 55, 293-322.
Ke, Y., Su, B., Song, X., Lu, D., Chen, L., Li, H., et al. (2001). African origin
of modern humans in East Asia: A tale of 12,000 Y chromosomes. Science,
292, 1151-1153.
Kendon, A. (1988). Sign languages of aboriginal Australia: Cultural, semiotic and
communicative perspectives. Cambridge University Press.
Kimura, D. (1973a). Manual activity during speaking. I. right-handers. Neuropsychologia, 11, 45-50.
Kimura, D. (1973b). Manual activity during speaking. II. left-handers. Neuropsychologia, 11, 51-55.
Kimura, D. (1981). Neural mechanisms of manual signing. Sign Language Studies,
33, 291-312.
Kimura, D. (1999). Sex and cognition. MIT Press. (野島久雄・鈴木真理子・三宅
真季子訳 2001 女の能力、男の能力—性差について科学者が答える 新曜社)
Kinsbourne, M. (1978). Evolution of language in relation to lateral action. In
M. Kinsbourne (Ed.), Asymmetrical function of the brain (pp. 553-565).
Cambridge University Press.
Knecht, S., Dräger, B., Deppe, M., Bobe, L., Lohmann, H., Flöel, A., et al. (2000).
Handedness and hemispheric language dominance in healthy humans. Brain,
123, 2512-2518.
Knight, C. (1998). Ritual/speech coevolution: A solution to the problem of
deception In J. R. Hurford, C. Knight & M. Studdert-Kennedy (Eds.), The
approaches to the evolution of language: Social and cognitive bases (pp. 6891). Cambridge University Press.
Kobayashi, H., & Kohshima, S. (2001). Unique morphology of the human eye and
its adaptive meaning: Comparative studies on external morphology of the
primate eye. Journal of Human Evolution, 40, 419-435.
Köhler, W. (1925). The mentality of apes. NY: Harcourt Brace. (宮孝一訳 1938
14
類人猿の智慧試験 岩波書店)
Langdon, J. H. (1997). Umbrella hypotheses and parsimony in human evolution:
A critique of the aquatic ape hypothesis. Journal of Human Evolution, 33,
479-494.
Larson, D. B., Swyers, J. P., & McCullough, M. E. E. (1998). Scientific research
on spirituality and health: A consensus report. MD: National Institute for
Healthcare Research.
Leakey, M. D., & Harris, J. M. (Eds.). (1987). Laetoli: A Pliocene site in northern
Tanzania. Oxford: Clarendon.
Leakey, M. G., Feibel, C. S., McDougall, I., & Walker, A. (1995). New four-millionyear-old hominid species from Kanapoi and Allia Bay, Kenya. Nature, 376,
565-571.
Leakey, M. G., Spoor, F., Brown, F. H., Gathogo, P. N., Kiarie, C., Leakey, L. N.,
et al. (2001). New hominin genus from eastern Africa shows diverse middle
pliocene lineages. Nature, 410, 433-440.
Leavens, D. A., & Hopkins, W. D. (1998). Intentional communication by chimpanzees: A cross-sectional study of the use of referential gestures. Developmental Psychology, 34, 813-822.
Lee, R. B. (1979). The !Kung San: Men, women, and work in a foraging society.
Cambridge University Press.
Leonhard, D., & Brugger, P. (1998). Creative, paranormal, and delusional thought:
A consequence of right hemisphere semantic activation? Neuropsychiatry
Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neurology, 11, 177-183.
Levelt, W. J. M. (2000). Psychology of language. In K. Pawlik & M. K. Rosenzweig
(Eds.), International handbook of Psychology (pp. 151-167). London: Sage.
Lewin, R. (1988). Linguists search for the mother tongue. Science, 242, 1128-1129.
Liberman, A., & Mattingly, I. (1985). The motor theory of speech perception
revised. Cognition, 21, 1-36.
Liberman, A. M., Cooper, F., Shankweiler, D. P., & Studdert-Kennedy, M. (1967).
Perception of the speech code. Psychological Review, 74, 431-461.
Liberman, A. M., & Whalen, D. H. (2000). On the relation of speech to language.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 187-196.
Lieberman, D. E. (1998). Sphenoid shortening and the evolution of modern human
cranial shape. Nature, 393, 158-162.
Lieberman, P. (1982). Can chimpanzees swallow or talk? A reply to Falk. American Anthropologist, 84, 148-152.
Lieberman, P. (1998). Eve spoke: Human language and human evolution. NY:
Norton.
Lieberman, P. (2000). Human language and our reptilian brain: The subcortical
15
bases of speech, syntax, and thought. MA: Harvard University Press.
Lieberman, P., Crelin, E. S., & Klatt, D. H. (1972). Phonetic ability and related anatomy of the newborn and adult human, Neanderthal man, and the
chimpanzee. American Anthropologist, 74, 287-307.
Lock, A. (1980). The guided reinvention of language. London: Academic.
Lock, A. (1999). On the recent origin of symbolically-mediated language and its
implications for psychological science. In M. C. Corballis & S. E. G. Lea
(Eds.), The descent of mind (pp. 324-355). Oxford University Press.
MacLarnon, A. M., & Hewitt, G. P. (1999). The evolution of human speech: The
role of enhanced breathing control. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 109, 341-363.
MacNeilage, P. F. (1998). The frame/content theory of evolution of speech production. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 21, 499-511.
MacNeilage, P. F., Studdert-Kennedy, M. G., & Lindblom, B. (1987). Primate
handedness reconsidered. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 10, 247-303.
Maess, B., Koelsch, S., Gunter, T. C., & Friederici, A. D. (2001). Musical syntax is
processed in Broca’s area: An MEG study. Nature Neuroscience, 4, 540-545.
Mallery, G. (1978). A collection of gesture-signs and signals of the North American
Indians with some comparisons. In D. J. Umiker-Sebeok and T. A. Sebeok
(Eds.), Aboriginal sign languages of the Americas and Australia: Vol. 1.
North America: Classic comparative perspectives (pp. 77-406). NY: Plenum.
(Original work published 1880)
Márquez, G. G. (1972). One hundred years of solitude. NY: Avon. (鼓直訳 2006
百年の孤独 新潮社)
Marshall, A. J., Wrangham, R. W., & Arcadi, A. (1999). Does learning affect the
structure of vocalizations in chimpanzees? Animal Behaviour, 58, 825-830.
Martineau, L. V. (1973). The rocks begin to speak. NV: K C Publications.
Marzke, M. W. (1996). Evolution of the hand and bipedality. In A. Lock &
C. R. Peters (Eds.), Handbook of symbolic evolution (pp. 126-154). Oxford
University Press.
Mayberry, R. I., & Nicoladis, E. (2000). Gesture reflects language development:
Evidence from bilingual children. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9, 192-96.
Mayberry, R. I., & Shenker, R. C. (1997). Gesture mirrors speech motor control in
stutterers. In W. Hulstijn, H. F. M. Peters & P. H. H. M. van Lieshout (Eds.),
Speech motor production and fluency disorders (pp. 183-190). Amsterdam:
Elsevier, Science & Technology.
Maynard-Smith, J., & Szathmáry, E. (1995). The major transitions in evolution.
NY: W H Freeman Spektrum. (長野敬訳 1997 進化する階層—生命の発生
16
から言語の誕生まで シュプリンガー・フェアラーク東京)
Mazzarello, P. (2001). Lombroso and Tolstoy. Nature, 409, 983.
McCarthy, M. (1957). Memories of a Catholic girlhood. NY: Harcourt Brace
Jovanovich.
McClelland, J. L., & Seidenberg, M. S. (2000). Why do kids say goed and brang?
Science, 287, 47-48.
McGrew, W. C., & Marchant, L. F. (1997). On the other hand: Current issues in
and meta-analysis of the behavioral laterality of hand function in nonhuman
primates. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, 40, 201-232.
McGrew, W. C., Tutin, C. E. G., & Baldwin, P. J. (1979). Chimpanzees, tools, and
termites: Cross-cultural comparisons of Senegal, Tanzania, and Rio Muni.
Man, 14, 185-214.
McGuire, P. K., Robertson, D., Thacker, A., David, A. S., Kitson, N., Frackowiak, R. S. J., et al. (1997). Neural correlates of thinking in sign language.
Neuroreport, 8, 695-698.
McGurk, H., & MacDonald, J. (1976). Hearing lips and seeing voices. Nature,
264, 746-748.
McKeever, W. F. (2000). A new family handedness sample with findings consistent
with X-linked transmission. British Journal of Psychology, 91, 21-39.
McManus, I. C. (1985). Handedness, language dominance and aphasia: A genetic
model. Psychological Medicine Monograph supplement, 8, 1-40.
McManus, I. C., & Bryden, M. P. (1992). The genetics of handedness, cerebral dominance and lateralization. In I. Rapin & S. J. Segalowitz (Eds.),
Handbook of neuropsychology, Vol. 6: Child neuropsychology (pp. 115-144).
Amsterdam: Elsevier, Science & Technology.
McNeill, D. (1985). So you think gestures are nonverbal? Psychological Review,
92, 350-371.
Mead, J., Bouhuys, A., & Proctor, D. F. (1968). Mechanisms generating subglottic
pressure. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 155, 177-182.
Meier, R. P., & Newport, E. L. (1990). Out of the hands of babes: On a possible
sign advantage in language acquisition. Language, 66, 1-23.
Meier, R. P., & Willerman, R. (1995). Prelinguistic gesture in deaf and hearing
infants. In K. Emmorey & J. S. Reilly (Eds.), Language, gesture, and space
(pp. 391-409). NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Mellars, P. (1989). Major issues in the emergence of modern humans. Current
Anthropology, 30, 349-385.
Miles, H. L. (1990). The cognitive foundations for reference in a signing orangutan.
In S. T. Parker & K .R. Gibson (Eds.), “Language” and intelligence in
monkeys and apes (pp. 511-539). Cambridge University Press.
17
Mitani, J. C. (1996). Comparative studies of African ape vocal behavior. In W.
C. McGrew, L. F. Marchant & T. Nishida (Eds.), Great ape societies (pp.
241-254). Cambridge University Press.
Mithen, S. (1996). The prehistory of the mind. London: Thames and Hudson. (松
浦俊輔・牧野美佐緒訳 1998 心の先史時代 青土社)
Mithun, M. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge University
Press.
Moore, C., & Corkum, V. (1998). Infant gaze following based on eye direction.
British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 16, 495-503.
Morange-Majoux, F., Peze, A., & Bloch, H. (2000). Organisation of left and right
hand movement in a prehension task: A longitudinal study from 20 to 32
weeks. Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain, and Cognition, 5, 351-362.
Morford, J. P., Singleton, J. L., & Goldin-Meadow, S. (1995). The genesis of
language: How much time is needed to generate arbitrary symbols in a sign
system? In K. Emmorey & J. S. Reilly (Eds.), Language, gesture, and space
(pp. 313-332). NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Morgan, E. (1990). The scars of evolution. London: Souvenir. (望月弘子訳 1999
進化の傷あと—身体が語る人類の起源 どうぶつ社)
Morgan, E. (1997). The aquatic ape hypothesis. London: Souvenir. (望月弘子訳
1999 人類の起源論争—アクア説はなぜ異端なのか? どうぶつ社)
Morwood, M. J., O’Sullivan, P. B., Aziz, F., & Raza, A. (1998). Fission-track ages
of stone tools and fossils on the east Indonesian island of Flores. Nature, 392,
173-176.
Müller, F. M. (1880). Lectures on the science of language. Vol. 1. London:
Longmans, Green. (Original work published 1861)
Murphy, K., Corfield, D. R., Guz, A., Fink, G. R., Wise, R., Harrison, J., et al.
(1997). Cerebral areas associated with motor control of speech in humans.
Journal of Applied Physiology, 83, 1438-1447.
Neidle, C., Kegl, J., MacLaughlin, D., Bahan, B., & Lee, R. G. (2000). The
syntax of American Sign Language: Functional categories and hierarchical
structure. MIT Press.
Neville, H. J., Bavelier, D., Corina, D., Rauschecker, J., Karni, A., Lalwani, A., et
al. (1998). Cerebral organization for deaf and hearing subjects: Biological
constraints and effects of experience. Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of the United States of America, 95, 922-929.
Nishitani, N., & Hari, R. (2000). Temporal dynamics of cortical representation
for action. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
States of America, 97, 913-918.
Noble, W., & Davidson, I. (1996). Human evolution, language, and mind: A
18
psychological and archaeological inquiry. Cambridge University Press.
Nottebohm, F. (1977). Asymmetries for neural control of vocalization in the
canary. In S. Harnard, R. W. Doty, L. Goldstein, J. Jaynes & G. Krauthamer
(Eds.), Lateralization in the nervous system (pp. 23-44). NY: Academic.
Nowak, M. A., Plotkin, J. B., & Jansen, V. A. A. (2000). The evolution of syntactic
communication. Nature, 404, 495-498.
Oldfield, R. C. (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh
inventory. Neuropsychologia, 9, 97-113.
Orton, S. T. (1937). Reading, writing and speech problems in children: A presentation of certain types of disorders in the development of the language faculty.
NY: Norton.
Paloutzian, R. F., & Kirkpatrick, L. A. (Eds.). (1995). Religious influences on
personal and societal well-being. Journal of Societal Issues, 51(2).
Panksepp, J., & Burgdorf, J. (1999). Laughing rats? Playful tickling arouses high
frequency ultrasonic chirping in young rodents. In S. R. Hameroff, A. W.
Kaszniak & D. J. Chalmers (Eds.), Toward a science of consciousness III
(pp. 231-244). MIT Press.
Parr, L. A., Hopkins, W. D., & de Waal, F. B. M. (1997). Haptic discrimination in
capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella): Evidence of manual specialization. Neuropsychologia, 35, 143-152.
Passingham, R. E. (1982). The human primate. CA: Freeman.
Patterson, F. (1978). Conversations with a gorilla. National Geographic, 154,
438-465.
Patterson-Rudolph, C. (1993). Petroglyphs and the Pueblo myths of the Rio
Grande. NM: Avanyu.
Patterson-Rudolph, C. (1997). On the trail of Spider Woman: Petroglyphs, pictographs, and myths of the Southwest. NM: Ancient City.
Penfield, W., & Boldrey, E. (1937). Somatic motor and sensory representation in
the cerebral cortex of man as studied by electrical stimulation. Brain, 60,
389-443.
Pepperberg, I. M. (1990). Some cognitive capacities of an African Grey parrot
(Psittacus erithacus). Advances in the Study of Behavior, 19, 357-409.
Petitto, L. A., & Marentette, P. F. (1991). Babbling in the manual mode: Evidence
for the ontogeny of language. Science, 251, 1493-1496.
Pfeiffer, J. E. (1970). The emergence of man. London: Nelson.
Pfeiffer, J. E. (1985). The emergence of humankind. NY: Harper and Row.
Piattelli-Palmarini, M. (1980). Language and learning: The debate between Jean
Piaget and Noam Chomsky. MA: Harvard University Press.
Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct. NY: William Morrow. (椋田直子訳 1995
19
言語を生みだす本能（上・下） 日本放送出版協会)
Pinker, S. (1997). How the mind works. NY: Norton. (椋田直子・山下篤子訳 1995
心の仕組み—人間関係にどう関わるか（上・中・下） 日本放送出版協会)
Pinker, S. (1999). Words and rules. NY: Basic Books.
Plooij, F. X. (1977). Some basic traits of language in wild chimpanzees? In A.
Lock (Ed.), Action, gesture, and symbol (pp. 111-131). London: Academic.
Poizner, H., Klima, E. S., & Bellugi, U. (1987). What the hands reveal about the
brain. MIT Press. (河内十郎・増田あき子・石坂郁代訳 1996 手は脳につい
て何を語るか—手話失語からみたことばと脳 新曜社)
Porac, C., Rees, L., & Buller, T. (1990). Switching hands: A place for left hand
use in a right hand world. In S. Coren (Ed.), Left-handedness: Behavioral.
implications and anomalies (pp. 259-290). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science &
Technology.
Poreh, A. M., Levin, J., Teves, H., & States, J. (1997). Mixed handedness and
schizotypal personality in a non-clinical sample—The role of task demand.
Personality and Individual Differences, 23, 501-507.
Potı̀, P. (1997). Logical structures of young chimpanzees’ spontaneous object
grouping. International Journal of Primatology, 18, 33-59.
Povinelli, D. J. (2000). Folk physics for apes: The chimpanzee’s theory of how the
world works. NY: Oxford University Press.
Povinelli, D. J., Bering, J. M., & Giambrone, S. (2000). Toward a science of other
minds: Escaping the argument by analogy. Cognitive Science, 24, 509-541.
Premack, D., & Premack, A. J. (1994). How theory of mind constrains language
and communication. Discussions in Neuroscience, 10, 93-105.
Provine, R. R. (2002). Laughter: A scientific investigation. London: Faber.
Provins, K. A. (1997). Handedness and speech: A critical reappraisal of the role of
genetic and environmental factors in the cerebral lateralization of function.
Psychological Review, 104, 554-571.
Pujol, J., Deus, J., Losilla, J. M., & Capdevila, A. (1999). Cerebral lateralization of
language in normal left-handed people studied by functional MRI. Neurology,
52, 1038-1043.
Ramachandran, V. S., & Blakeslee, S. (1999). Phantoms in the brain: Human
nature and the architecture of the mind. London: Fourth Estate. (山下篤子
訳 1999 脳のなかの幽霊 角川書店)
Ramsay, S. C., Adams, L., Murphy, K., Corfield, D. R., Grootoonk, S., Bailey,
D. L., et al. (1993). Regional cerebral blood flow during volitional expiration
in man: A comparison with volitional inspiration. The Journal of Physiology,
461, 85-101.
Rasmussen, T., & Milner, B. (1977). The role of early left-brain injury in deter-
20
mining lateralization of cerebral speech functions. Annals of the New York
Academy of Science, 299, 355-369.
Rayner, R. J., Moon, B. P., & Masters, J. C. (1994). The Makapansgat australopithecine environment. Journal of Human Evolution, 24, 219-31.
Redican, W. K. (1975). Facial expressions in nonhuman primates. conclusions:
Yawning is diplayed more frequently by males than females. In L. A. Rosenblum (Ed.), Primate behavior: Developments in field and labaratory research
(pp. 103-194). NY: Academic.
Renfrew, C. (1992). Archaeology, genetics and linguistic diversity. Man, 27,
445-478.
Renfrew, C., & Nettle, D. (1999). Nostratic: Examining a linguistic macrofamily.
Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
Richards, G. (1986). Freed hands or enslaved feet? A note on the behavioural
implications of ground-dwelling bipedalsim. Journal of Human Evolution,
15, 143-150.
Richman, B. (1993). On the evolution of speech: Singing as the middle term.
Current Anthropology, 34, 721-722.
Richmond, B. G., & Strait, D. S. (2000). Evidence that humans evolved from a
knuckle-walking ancestor. Nature, 404, 382-385.
Rilling, J. K., & Insel, T. R. (1999). The primate neocortex in comparative
perspective using magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Human Evolution,
37, 191-223.
Rizzolatti, G. (1998). What happened to Homo habilis? (Language and mirror
neurons). Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 21, 527-528.
Rizzolatti, G., Fadiga, L., Gallese, V., & Fogassi, L. (1996). Premotor cortex and
the recognition of motor actions. Cognitive Brain Research, 3, 131-141.
Rizzolatti, G., Fadiga, L., Matelli, M., Bettinardi, V., Paulesu, E., Perani, D.,
et al. (1996). Localization of grasp representations in humans by PET: 1.
Observation versus execution. Experimental Brain Research, 111, 246-252.
Rogers, L. J. (1980). Lateralization in the avian brain. Bird Behavior, 2, 1-12.
Rogers, L. J. (2000). Evolution of side biases: Motor versus sensory lateralization.
In M. K. Mandal, M. B. Bulman-Fleming & G. Tiwari (Eds.), Side bias: A
neuropsychological perspective (pp. 3-40). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
Ronen, A. (1998). Domestic fire as evidence for language. In T. Akazawa, K. Aoki
& O. Bar-Yosef (Eds.), Neandertals and modern humans in Western Asia
(pp. 439-447). NY: Plenum.
Rousseau, J. J. (1994). Discours sur l’origine et les fondements de l’inégalité parmi
les hommes. In B. Gagnebin & M. Raymond (Eds.), Oeuvres complètes (Vol.
3). Paris: Gallimard. (Original work published 1755)（本田喜代治・平岡
21
昇訳 1972 人間不平等起原論 岩波書店)
Ruhlen, M. (1994). The origin of language: Tracing the evolution of the mother
tongue. NY: Wiley.
Sacks, O. (1991). Seeing voices: A journey into the world of the deaf. London:
Picador. (佐野正信訳 1996 手話の世界へ 晶文社)
Saki. (1930). The short stories of Saki. Hertfordshire: Garden City.
Sampson, G. (1997). Educating Eve: The ‘language instinct’ debate. London:
Cassell.
Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1986). Ape language. NY: Columbia University Press.
(小島哲也訳 1992 チンパンジーの言語研究—シンボルの成立とコミュニ
ケーション ミネルヴァ書房)
Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Lewin, R. (1994). Kanzi: The ape at the brink of the
human mind. NY: Wiley. (石館康平訳 1997 人と話すサル「カンジ」 講
談社)
Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., McDonald, K., Sevcik, R. A., Hopkins, W. D., & Rubert,
E. (1986). Spontaneous symbol acquisition and communicative use by pygmy
chimpanzees (Pan paniscus). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General,
115, 211-235.
Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Shanker, S. G., & Taylor, T. J. (1998). Apes, language,
and the human mind. NY: Oxford University Press.
Schaller, G. B. (1963). The mountain gorilla. University of Chicago Press. (福屋
正修訳 1979・1980 マウンテンゴリラ（上・下） 思索社)
Schluter, N. D., Krams, M., Rushworth, M., & Passingham, R. E. (2001). Cerebral dominance for action in the human brain: The selection of actions.
Neuropsychologia, 39, 105-113.
Scully, G. W. (1997). Murder by the state. New York Times, sec. 4, 14 December,
7.
Seielstad, M. T., Minch, E., & Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (1998). Genetic evidence for
a higher female migration rate in humans. Nature Genetics, 20, 278-280.
Sekiyama, K., Miyauchi, S., Imaruoka, T., Egusa, H., & Tashiro, T. (2000).
Body image as a visuomotor transformation device revealed in adaptation
to reversed vision. Nature, 407, 374-377.
Semaw, S., Renne, P., Harris, J., Feibel, C. S., Bernor, R. L., Fesseha, N., et al.
(1997). 2.5-million-year-old stone tools from Gona, Ethiopia. Nature, 385,
333-336.
Semino, O., Passarino, G., Oefner, P. J., Lin, A. A., Arbuzova, S., Beckman,
L. E., et al. (2000). The genetic legacy of Paleolithic Homo sapiens sapiens
in extant Europeans: A Y chromosome perspective. Science, 290, 1155-1159.
Senut, B., Pickford, M., Gommery, D., Mein, P., Cheboi, K., & Coppens, Y.
22
(2001). First hominid from the Miocene (Lukeino Formation, Kenya).
Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, Sciences de la Terre et des
planètes, 332, 137-144.
Sergent, J., Zuck, E., Terriah, S., & MacDonald, B. (1992). Distributed neural network underlying musical sight-reading and keyboard performance. Science,
257, 106-109.
Shan-Ming, Y., Flor-Henry, P., Dayi, C., Tiang, L., Shuguang, Q., & Xenxiang, M.
(1985). Imbalance in hemisphere function in the major psychoses: A study
of handedness in the People’s Republic of China. Biological Psychiatry, 20,
906-917.
Shepard, R. N. (1978). The mental image. American Psychologist, 33, 125-137.
Shevoroshkin, V. (1990). The mother tongue: How linguists have reconstructed
the ancestor of all living languages. The Sciences, May/June, 20-27.
Shimizu, A., Endo, M., Yamaguchi, N., Torii, H., & Isaki, K. (1985). Hand
preference in schizophrenics and handedness conversion in their childhood.
Acta Psychiatria, 72, 259-265.
Soffer, O., Adovasio, J. M., Illingworth, J. S., Amirkhanov, H. A., Praslov, N. D.,
& Street, M. (2000). Palaeolithic perishables made permanent. Antiquity,
74, 812-821.
Stokoe, W. C. (1960). Sign language structure: An outline of the visual communication systems of the American deaf. MD: Linstock.
Stokoe, W. C. (1987). Sign language and the monastic use of lexical gestures. In
D. J. Umiker-Sebeok & T. A. Sebeok (Eds.), Monastic sign languages (pp.
323-338). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Stokoe, W. C., Casterline, D. C., & Croneberg, C. G. (1965). A dictionary of
American Sign Language on linguistic principles. DC: Gallaudet College
Press.
Stone, V. E., Baron-Cohen, S., & Knight, R. T. (1998). Frontal lobe contributions
to theory of mind. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 10, 640-656.
Stringer, C. B., & Andrews, P. (1988). Genetic and fossil evidence for the origin
of modern humans. Science, 239, 1263-1268.
Suddendorf, T. (1999). The rise of the metamind. In M. C. Corballis & S. E.
G. Lea (Eds.), The descent of mind: Psychological perspectives on hominid
evolution (pp. 218-260). Oxford University Press.
Suddendorf, T., & Corballis, M. C. (1997). Mental time travel and the evolution
of the human mind. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs,
123, 133-167.
Supalla, T., & Webb, R. (1995). The grammar of international sign: A new look at
pidgin languages. In K. Emmorey & J. S. Reilly (Eds.), Language, gesture,
23
and space (pp. 333-351). NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Swisher III, C. C., Curtis, G. H., Jacob, T., Getty, A. G., Suprijo, A., & Widiasmoro. (1994). Age of the earliest known hominids in Java, Indonesia.
Science, 263, 1118-1121.
Swisher III, C. C., Rink, W. J., Antón, S. C., Schwarcz, H. P., Curtis, G. H.,
Suprijo, A., et al. (1996). Latest Homo erectus of Java: Potential contemporaneity with Homo sapiens in Southeast Asia. Science, 274, 1870-1874.
Takahata, N., Lee, S.-H., & Satta, Y. (2001). Testing multiregionality of modern
human origins. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18, 172-183.
Tanner, J. E., & Byrne, R. W. (1996). Representation of action through iconic
gesture in a captive lowland gorilla. Current Anthropology, 37, 162-173.
Tattersall, I. (1997). Out of Africa again... and again? Scientific American, 276,
60-67.
Taub, E., Goldberg, I. A., & Taub, P. (1975). Deafferentation in monkeys: Pointing
at a target without visual feedback. Experimental Neurology, 46, 178-186.
Thatcher, R. W., Walker, R. A., & Giudice, S. (1987). Human cerebral hemispheres
develop at different rates and ages. Science, 236, 1110-1113.
Thieme, H. (1997). Lower Palaeolithic hunting spears from Germany. Nature,
385, 807-810.
Thomas, K. (1984). Man and the natural world: Changing attitudes in england
1500-1800. London: Penguin. (山内昶訳 1989 人間と自然界—近代イギリ
スにおける自然観の変遷 法政大学出版局)
Thomson, K. S. (2000). Huxley, Wilberforce and the Oxford Museum. American
Scientist, 88, 210-213.
Thoreson, C. E. (1999). Spirituality and health: Is there a relationship? Journal
of Health Psychology, 4, 291-300.
Tierney, P. (2001). Darkness in El Dorado: How scientists and journalists devastated the Amazon. NY: Norton.
Tobias, P. V. (1987). The brain of homo habilis: A new level of organization in
cerebral evolution. Journal of Human Evolution, 16, 741-761.
Tobias, P. V. (1998). Water and human evolution. Out There, 35, 38-44.
Tomasello, M. (1996). Do apes ape? In C. M. Heyes & B. G. Galef (Eds.), Social
learning in animals : The roots of culture (pp. 319-346). NY: Academic.
Tomasello, M. (1999). The cultural origins of human cognition. MA: Harvard
University Press. (大堀壽夫・中澤恒子・西村義樹・本多啓訳 2006 心とこ
とばの起源を探る 勁草書房)
Tomasello, M. (2000). Culture and cognitive development. Current Directions in
Psychological Science, 9, 37-40.
Tomasello, M., & Call, J. (1997). Primate cognition. NY: Oxford University Press.
24
Tomasello, M., Call, J., Warren, J., Frost, G. T., Carpenter, M., & Nagell, K.
(1997). The ontogeny of chimpanzee gestural signals: A comparison across
groups and generations. Evolution of communication, 1, 223-259.
Tomasello, M., & Camaioni, L. (1997). A comparison of the gestural communication of apes and human infants. Human Development, 40, 7-24.
Tomasello, M., Hare, B., & Agnetta, B. (1999). Chimpanzees follow gaze direction
geometrically. Animal Behaviour, 58, 769-777.
Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L. (1989). Evolutionary psychology and the generation
of culture, part I: Theoretical considerations. Ethology and Sociobiology, 10,
29-49.
Tooby, J., & DeVore, I. (1987). The reconstruction of hominid behavioral evolution through strategic modeling. In W. Kinzey (Ed.), The evolution of
human behavior: Primate models (pp. 183-237). State University of New
York Press.
Toth, N., Schick, K. D., Savage-Rumbaugh, E., Sevcik, R., & Rumbaugh, D. M.
(1993). Pan the tool-maker: Investigations into the stone tool-making and
tool-using capabilities of a bonobo(Pan paniscus). Journal of Archeological
Science, 20, 81-91.
Travis, L. E. (1931). Speech pathology: A dynamic neurological treatment of normal
speech and speech deviation NY: D. Appleton.
Tyack, P. L. (2000). Dolphins whistle a signature tune. Science, 289, 1310-1311.
Underhill, P. A., Shen, P., Lin, A. A., Jin, L., Passarino, G., Yang, W. H., et
al. (2000). Y chromosome sequence variation and the history of human
populations. Nature Genetics, 26, 358-361.
Vallortigara, G., Rogers, L. J., & Bisazza, A. (1999). Possible evolutionary origins
of cognitive brain lateralization. Brain Research Reviews, 30, 164-175.
Vaneechoutte, M., & Skoyles, J. R. (1998). The memetic origin of language:
Modern humans as musical primates. Journal of Memetics, 2, 84-117.
Volterra, V., & Iverson, J. M. (1995). When do modality factors affect the course
of language acquisition? In K. Emmorey & J. S. Reilly (Eds.), Language,
gesture, and space (pp. 371-390). NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and language. MIT Press.
Wada, J. A., Clarke, R., & Hamm, A. (1975). Cerebral hemispheric asymmetry in
humans. Cortical speech zones in 100 adults and 100 infant brains. Archives
of Neurology, 32, 239-246.
Walter, R. C., Buffler, R. T., Bruggemann, J. H., Guillaume, M. M., Berhe, S. M.,
Negassi, B., et al. (2000). Early human occupation of the Red Sea coast of
Eritrea during the last interglacial. Nature, 405, 65-69.
Ward, R., & Stringer, C. (1997). A molecular handle on the Neanderthals. Nature,
25
388, 225-226.
Warren, R. M. (2000). Phonemic organization does not occur: Hence no feedback.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 350-351.
Warrington, E. K., & Pratt, R. (1973). Language laterality in left-handers assessed
by unilateral ECT. Neuropsychologia, 11, 423-428.
Wason, P. C. (1966). Reasoning. In B. M. Foss (Ed.), New horizons in psychology
(pp. 135-151). Lonodn: Penguin.
Watson, J. D., & Crick, F. (1953). A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid.
Nature, 171, 737-738.
Watson, R. T., Valenstein, E., Day, A., & Heilman, K. M. (1994). Posterior
neocortical systems subserving awareness and neglect. Neglect associated
with superior temporal sulcus but not area 7 lesions. Archives of Neurology,
51, 1014-1021.
Westergaard, G. C. (1998). What capuchin monkeys can tell us about the origins
of hominid material culture. Journal of Material Culture, 3, 5-19.
Westergaard, G. C., Liv, C., Haynie, M. K., & Suomi, S. J. (2000). A comparative
study of aimed throwing by monkeys and humans. Neuropsychologia, 38,
1511-1517.
Wheeler, M. A., Stuss, D. T., & Tulving, E. (1997). Toward a theory of episodic
memory: The frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 331-354.
White, T. D., Suwa, G., & Asfaw, B. (1994). Australopithecus ramidus, a new
species of early hominid from Aramis, Ethiopia. Nature, 371, 306-312.
White, T. D., Suwa, G., & Asfaw, B. (1995). Australopithecus ramidus, a new
species of early hominid from Aramis, Ethiopia. Nature, 375, 88. (White,
Suwa & Asfaw 1994 の正誤表)
Whiten, A., Goodall, J., McGrew, W. C., Nishida, T., Reynolds, V., Sugiyama,
Y., et al. (1999). Cultures in chimpanzees. Nature, 399, 682-685.
Wilkins, W. K., & Wakefield, J. (1995). Brain evolution and neurolinguistic
preconditions. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 18, 161-226.
Williams, B. A. O. (1978). Descartes: The project of pure enquiry. Hassocks:
Harvester.
Winkworth, A. L., Davis, P. J., Adams, R. D., & Ellis, E. (1995). Breathing patterns during spontaneous speech. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research,
38, 124-144.
Witelson, S. F., Kigar, D. L., & Harvey, T. (1999). The exceptional brain of
Albert Einstein. The Lancet, 353, 2149-2153.
WoldeGabriel, G., White, T. D., Suwa, G., Renne, P., De Heinzelin, J., Hart,
W. K., et al. (1994). Ecological and temporal placement of early Pliocene
26
hominids at Aramis, Ethiopia. Nature, 371, 330-333.
Wolpoff, M. H., Hawks, J., Frayer, D. W., & Hunley, K. (2001). Modern human
ancestry at the peripheries: A test of the replacement theory. Science, 291,
293-297.
Wood, B., & Collard, M. (1999). The human genus. Science, 284, 65-71.
Wood, B. A. (1992). Evolution of australopithecines. in S. Jones, R. D. Martin &
D. R. Pilbeam (Eds.), The Cambridge encyclopedia of human evolution (pp.
231-240). Cambridge University Press.
Wundt, W. M. (1921). Elements of folk psychology: Outlines of a psychological
history of the development of mankind (E. L. Schaub, Trans.). NY: Macmillan. (Original work published 1916)（比屋根安定訳 1959 民族心理学—
人類発達の心理史 誠信書房)
Yamei, H., Potts, R., Baoyin, Y., Zhengtang, G., Deino, A., Wei, W., et al. (2000).
Mid-Pleistocene Acheulean-like stone technology of the Bose Basin, South
China. Science, 287, 1622-1626.
Yates, F. A. (1966). The art of memory. University of Chicago Press. (青木信義・
篠崎実・玉泉八州男・井出新・野崎睦美訳 1993 記憶術 水声社)
Yellen, J. E., Brooks, A. S., Cornelissen, E., Mehlman, M. J., & Stewart, K.
(1995). A middle stone age worked bone industry from Katanda, Upper
Semliki Valley, Zaire. Science, 268, 553-556.
Yeni-Komshian, G. H., & Benson, D. A. (1976). Anatomical study of cerebral
asymmetry in the temporal lobe of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus monkeys. Science, 192, 387-389.
Zaidel, E. (1983). A response to Gazzaniga: Language in the right hemisphere,
convergent perspectives. American Psychologist, 38, 542-546.
Zangwill, O. (1976). Thought and the brain. British Journal of Psychology, 67,
301-314.
Zipf, G. K. (1935). The psycho-biology of language: An introduction to dynamic
philology. MA: Houghton Mifflin.
27

『脳がつくる倫理』参考文献