75 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56（2015年3月） OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56（March 2015） ࠑ↓ពࠒ࡞࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࡋ࡚ࡢఏ⤫ᕤⱁရ 㸫࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ࠾ࡅࡿ ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⣔ఫẸࡢࣁࣥࢻࢡࣛࣇࢺάືࡽ㸫 㬼ᡞ ⪽ Traditional Crafts as “Meaningless” Objet: A Case of Handcraft Activities by Kapingamarangi People in Pohnpei Island UDO Satoshi 㮵ඣᓥᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊 Faculty of Law, Economics and Humanities, Kagoshima University せ᪨ ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡢ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧ࠾࠸࡚࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⣔ఫẸࡢᕤⱁရࢆ ㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ⮬⏕ࡍࡿ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡸ࣐࣍࢞ࢽ࣮࡞ࡢᮌᮦࡸ㇟∳ᳰᏊࡢ✀Ꮚࢆ⏝࠸ ࡚ࠊᾏὒ⏕≀ࡸࢺ࢝ࢤࠊ㔮ࡾ㔪ࠊఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᕹࡅ࢝ࢾ࣮࡞ࢆ㇟ࡗࡓ᙮้ࡀ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾࡣࠊࢥࢥࣖࢩࡢᖿࡢඛ➃ࡢⱝ࠸⧄⥔ࢆ↻࡚⬺Ⰽࡋࡓⓑ࠸ࡦࡶࢆྠᚰ≧⦅ࢇࡔ୍✀ࡢ ⤌⣣⣽ᕤ࡛ࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤࢡࢭࣥࢺࡋ࡚ࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫࡢⴥࡽసࡗࡓ↔ⲔⰍࡢࡦࡶࢆΰࡐࠊᐆ㈅ࢆ ࠶ࡋࡽࡗ࡚⨾ࡋ࠸ᗄఱᏛᶍᵝࢆసࡾࡔࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠࡢᕤⱁရࡣࠊ㈙▷⤡ⓗ ⤖ࡧࡘ࠸ࡓࡶࡢゝ࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊ⩦័ࡉࢀࡓ↓ᚰࡢ〇స⾜Ⅽࡢ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚⏕ࡌࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ ⾜Ⅽࡶ⤖ᯝࡶ㐣ᗘពࢆၥࢃࢀࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢᮦ㉁ࡸᙧ㇟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ពࢆㄏⓎ ࡋࡘࡘࠊࡋࡶࡑࡢពࢆ⌧ໃࡍࡿゝㄝࢆ๐ࡂⴠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࡺ࠼ࠊពࡢⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ୍Ṍ ᡭ๓ࠊព⏕ᡂࡢ㜈❧ࡕࡎࡉࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ 76 UDO Satoshi ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ㐃㑥ࡢ㤳㒔ࣃ࣮ࣜ࢟ࣝࡀ⨨ࢀࡓ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥࡢす㒊ࠊᓊቨࡢୖ ᣅࢀࡓ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧ㸦Pohnrakied/Porakiet㸧ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏ⤫௦ࡢ 20 ୡ⣖ึ㢌ࠊ 㐶༡᪉ࡢ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡽ⛣ఫࡋࡓேࠎࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࡛࠶ࡿ 1ࠋ ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡣᖺ 4 ᅇࡢᐃᮇ⯪࡛∦㐨 3 ᪥ࢆせࡍࡿൢ㐲ࡢᏙᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢ ࡢࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ࣏ࣜࢿࢩ⣔ࡢ㣕ࡧᆅࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦࠸ࢃࡺࡿ ࠕ㎶ቃ࣏ࣜࢿࢩࠖ㸧ࠊ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧࡣᅾእ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠேࡢ㞟ఫᆅࡋ࡚ ⊂⮬ࡢゝㄒࡸ⩦័ࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢᮧࡢ≉⏘ࡣ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡼࡾఏ࠼ࡽ ࢀࡓᕤⱁရ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣ᙮้సရ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾูࡉࢀࠊ๓⪅ࡣ⏨ᛶࠊᚋ⪅ࡣ ዪᛶࡼࡗ࡚〇సࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 2ࠋ ᙮้ࡣ࣏ࣥ࣌ᓥ⮬⏕ࡍࡿ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡸ࣐࣍࢞ࢽ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᑠࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ ᾏὒ⏕≀㸦ࡾࢃࡅࢧ࣓㹙hogoulu㹛 ࣭ࣝ࢝㹙gonau㹛 ࣭ࢡࢪࣛ㹙tohora㹛 ࣭࣓࣭࢝࢝ࢪ ࣐࢟ࢢࣟ㹙takura㹛࡞㸧ࢆ㇟ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊᮌᮦࢆษࡾฟࡋࠊ㛓࡛ࡁࡃᙧࢆᩚ࠼ࡓ ᚋࠊ㠀ᖖᛕࣖࢫࣜࡀࡅࢆࡋ࡚ᡂࡉࡏࡿࠋࡼࡾᑠࡉ࡞సရࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㇟∳ᳰ Ꮚࡢ✀Ꮚ㸦ࡑࡢྡࡢ㏻ࡾࡸࡸ㟷ࡳࡀࡗࡓஙⓑⰍࢆࡋࡓⰏࡸ࡞⣲ᮦ㸧ࢆ࣭ࣝ࢝ ࢺ࢝ࢤ㸦kimo㸧 ࣭㔮ࡾ㔪㸦matau㸧࣭ࢱࢥ㸦bilibili㸧࡞ࡢᙧ᙮ࡾฟࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ 㯮࠸ࡦࡶࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚࣌ࣥࢲࣥࢺࡍࡿ㸦ᮦᩱࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵࠊࡲࡔ║ࡢⰋ࠸ⱝ⪅ࡀ≉ ࡇࢀࢆసࡿࡢࡇ㸧 ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⣽ᕤ≀ࡋ࡚ࠊఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᕹࡅ࢝ࢾ࣮㸦waka㸧ࡢᶍᆺ ࡶᑡᩘ〇సࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾࡣࠊࢥࢥࣖࢩࡢᖿࡢඛ➃ࡢⱝ࠸⧄⥔ࢆ↻࡚⬺Ⰽࡋࡓⓑ࠸ࡦࡶࢆྠᚰ≧ ⦅ࢇࡔ୍✀ࡢ⤌⣣⣽ᕤ࡛ࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤࢡࢭࣥࢺࡋ࡚ࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫࡢⴥࡽసࡗࡓ↔Ⲕ Ⰽࡢࡦࡶࢆΰࡐࠊᐆ㈅ࢆ࠶ࡋࡽࡗ࡚⨾ࡋ࠸ᗄఱᏛᶍᵝࢆసࡾࡔࡍࠋᑠࡉ࡞ࡶࡢࡣ࣓࢝ ࢆ㇟ࡿࡇࡀከࡃࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤ⏥⨶ࢆ❧యⓗ⦅ࡳࠊࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫ࡛Ⰽࢆຍ࠼ࡘࡘ୰ᚰ ㈅ࢆ㓄ࡍࡿ㸦ᐆ㈅ࡣⰍᙧࡢ㞄᥋ᛶᇶ࡙ࡃ⏥⨶ࡢ႘࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋࡁ࡞ࡶࡢࡣቨ㣭 ࡾࡋ࡚〇సࡉࢀࠊࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫ࣭ᐆ㈅ຍ࠼ࠊࡣࣝ࢝࡞ࡢᮌ᙮࣮ࣞࣜࣇࡀ ᔐࡵ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ 1 GONIWIECHA㸦2009㸧ࡼࢀࡤࠊ3 ᖺ⥆࠸ࡓ᪭㨧ࡼࡗ࡚⣙ 90 ேࡢṚ⪅ࡀฟࡓࡓࡵࠊ1918 ᖺᙜᒁࡀ ⣙ 90 ேࢆ࣏ࣥ࣌⛣ఫࡉࡏࡓࠋ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣ 1,000 ேࢆ㉺࠼ࡿఫẸࡀᬽࡽࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ ⎔♋ࡢேཱྀ⣙ 600 ࢆ㐶ୖᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᡓ୰ࡢ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡣࣃࣉࢽ࣮ࣗࢠ ࢽ᪉㠃ྥ࠺⤥Ἔᇶᆅࡀ⨨ࢀ㸦࣏ࣥ࣌ࡼࡾࡶࣛࣂ࢘ࣝ 100 ࣐ࣝ㏆࠸㸧ࠊ⌧ᅾࡶᙜ ࡢ㑇≀ࡸᡓ㊧ࡀṧࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢭࣥࢭ㸦sensei㸧ࠊࢡ࣐ࣝ㸦kulumaa㸧ࠊ࣮ࣜࣖ࢝㸦liaga㸧࡞ࡢ᪥ᮏ ㄒࡶṧᏑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࠋ࡞࠾ Outer Islands of Pohnpei: Factsheets and Maps ࡛ࡣ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ ⎔♋ࡢேཱྀࡣ 350 ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧࡢேཱྀࡶ➹⪅ࡢ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾ࡛ࡣ 700㹼800 ࠸࠺⟅࠼ ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ 2 ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧ࡛〇స࣭㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᅵ⏘≀ࡢࡳࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢእࠊࢥࢥࣖࢩ ࡢ⧄⥔ࡸࣃࣥࢲࢾࢫࡢⴥ࡛⦅ࢇࡔᖗᏊࡸ࣐ࢵࢺ࡞ࠊከᙬ࡞᪥⏝ᕤⱁရࡶ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋࡛ 〇సࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢヲ⣽ࡣ BUCK㸦1950㸧ࡸ HAMNETT㸦1970㸧ヲࡋ࠸ࠋ 77 Traditional Crafts as“Meaningless”Objet: A Case of Handcraft Activities by Kapingamarangi People in Pohnpei Island ࡇࢀࡽࡢᕤⱁရࡢ㈍ᡤࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⏫ࡢ┠ᢤࡁ㏻ࡾẚ㍑ⓗࡁ࡞ᅵ⏘≀ᗑ Simon Market ࡀ୍㌺࠶ࡿࠊ࣏࣮࣮ࣥࣛ࢟ࢻᮧෆࡶᑠ㌺ࡢᅵ⏘≀ᗑ࠾ࡼࡧ༶ᡤ ࢆවࡡࡓᕤᡣ㸦8 ࡽ 23 ࡈࢁࡲ࡛㐺ᐅᐤࡾ㞟ࡲࡗ࡚సᴗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺㸧ࡀ୍㌺ ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࢢ࣒࡞ẚ࡚࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ⾜ࡁࡢ⯟✵㐠㈤ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㧗್࡛࠶ࡿ ࡓࡵࠊࢲࣅࣥࢢࡸᡓ㊧ࢶ࣮ከᑡࡢ㟂せࡀ࠶ࡿእࡣࠊほගᴗࡣ㠀ᖖ⬤ᙅ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ᅵ⏘≀ࢆ㉎ධࡍࡿほගᐈࡣ⤯ᑐⓗ㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾࡣᓥෆࡢබⓗタࡸ࣍ࢸ ࣝࠊࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥ࡞࡛ቨࡅࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩᅜෆ࡛ࡢ㟂せࡀ ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘぢ㎸ࡵࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ㔜ࡃࡉࡤࡿ᙮้సရࢆ㉎ධࡍࡿࡢࡣẚ㍑ⓗᖺ㓄ࡢእᅜே ࡀከ࠸ࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢࢀ⾜ࡁࡣ࡞ࡾపㄪ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶᮧෆࡢ㈍ᡤ ࡣᗑဨࡀᖖ㥔ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࡲࢀᐈࡀ᮶ࡿㄡࡀᗑ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࡢᐙ᪘㸧ࢆࡧ ࠸ࡃ࠸࠺≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡣㄪᰝ୰୍ᗘࡔࡅ࣐࣮ࢩࣕࣝㅖᓥࡽࣂࢫࢣࢵࢺࡢ ヨྜゼࢀࡓዪᏊ㧗⏕ࡓࡕᕤᡣ࡛㐼㐝ࡋࡓࡀࠊ࣑ࢽࣂ࡛ࣥ┤᥋ࡾࡘࡅࡓᙼዪࡓࡕ ࡣࠊࢇࡢ 10 ศ࡛࣌ࣥࢲࣥࢺࡢࡳ㉎ධࡋ࡚࠶ࡗ࠸࠺ࡲཤࡗ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ᡭ㛫㛫ࡀࡿୖࢀࡿぢ㎸ࡳࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࡍࢀࡤࠊ᙮้సရࢆ〇సࡍࡿ ࠸࠺⾜Ⅽࡣ࠸ࡗࡓ࠸ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ព⩏ࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡏࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶ⌧㔠ධ ࡢᡭẁࡀ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡺ࠼ࠊ㈍ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀᑡࡋ࠶ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡶ↓ព࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ ࠺ࡋࠊ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ࣭ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢෆ㒊࡛ᖺ㛗⪅ࡢຓࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽ⮬ศࡢ ࣮࣌ࢫ࡛సᴗࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡣࠊእ㒊ാࡁฟࡿࡼࡾࡣ⢭⚄ⓗ㈇ᢸࡢᑡ࡞࠸࡛ࡶ ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᩍࡢ┠ࡢ๓ࡢᕤᡣ࡛ࢥ࣮ࣄ࣮ࢆ㣧ࡳࠊ࠾ࡋࡷࡾࡋ࡞ࡀࡽసᴗບࢇ ࡛࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡽࡣሙࡢ♫ⓗ࡞ᛶ᱁ࡶ❚࠼ࡿ㸦ࡶࡕࢁࢇ⮬Ꮿ࡛〇సࡋ࡚ᗑ༺ࡍ⪅ࡶ ࠸ࡿࡀ㸧ࠋࡁ࡞᪉ࡢᅵ⏘≀ᒇࡢ๓࡛ࡣዪᛶࡓࡕࡀ࠾ႅࡾࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⦅ࡳ㣭ࡾࢆసࡿ 㢼ᬒࡀぢࡽࢀࠊ᪥᭙᪥ࡣࣅࣥࢦ࣭ࢤ࣮࣒ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᙉ࠸ࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩ ࣙࣥࡸࣥࢭࣥࢸࣈࡀാ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ࡣᛮࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ୍᪉ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᕤⱁရࡣࡰ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠேࡢࡳࡼࡗ࡚ᢸࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᙼࡽ ࡢᩥⓗ࡞ࡾࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣏ࣥ࣌ேᢏ⾡ࢆᩍ࠼ࡿࡓࡵබ❧ࡢᕤⱁᏛᰯࡶ 㛤ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊẖᖺ⏕ᚐࡣࢇࡢᩘே࡛ࠊࡑࡢࢇࡀ㛗⥆ࡁࡋ࡞࠸࠸࠺ࠋ ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊࡇࡢ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠᅛ᭷ࡢఏ⤫ᩥࢆ⌧ᅾ≉ᚩ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊࡴࡋࢁ ࠕពࡢᅾࠖࡶゝ࠺ࡁ⌧㇟࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ࡞ࡐࡇࢀࢆసࡿࡢࠖ࠸࠺ၥ࠸ ᑐࡋ࡚⫋ேࡓࡕࡣ୍ᵝࠕពࡣ࡞࠸ࠖ ࠕ᫇ࡽࡸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡽࠖ⟅࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ సရࡢࣔࢳ࣮ࣇࡀࢧ࣓ࡸ࡛ࣝ࢝࠶ࡿࡇࡶព㆑ⓗ࡞ព࡙ࡅࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࣏ࣜࢿࢩ⣔ࡢ᙮้ᢏ⾡ࡣ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠ⎔♋ࡽ㏵ษࢀࡿࡇ࡞ࡃ⥅ᢎࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊಶࠎࡢࣔࢳ࣮ࣇࡀᮏ᮶᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࢁ࠺㇟ᚩⓗ࡞ពࡣࡰᛀࢀཤࡽࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦࠾ࡑࡽࡃẸヰࡀᛀࢀࡽࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸧 ࠋᙜ↛࡞ࡀࡽ㏆ᖺほගே㢮Ꮫ࡛ࡋࡤࡋࡤ ㄽࡌࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕほගయ㦂ࡢ┿ṇࡉࢆಖドࡍࡿ≀ㄒࠖࡣࢇᅾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢝ࣆ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣛࣥࢠࡢ᙮้సရࡣࠊ㈙▷⤡ⓗ⤖ࡧࡘ࠸ࡓࡶࡢゝ࠺ࡼࡾࡣࠊ ⩦័ࡉࢀࡓ↓ᚰࡢ〇స⾜Ⅽࡢ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚⏕ࡌࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⾜Ⅽࡶ⤖ᯝࡶ㐣ᗘ ពࢆၥࢃࢀࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᾏὒ⏕≀ࡢጼࢆࡋࡓ᙮้సရࡣࠊ࠸ࢃࡤ ࠑ↓ពࡢ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࠒࡋ࡚ぢࡿ⪅ࡢ๓❧ࡕ⌧ࢀ࡚᮶ࡿࠋࡋࡶࠊࢧ࣓ࡢ᙮้ࡣ 78 UDO Satoshi ᮏ≀ࡢࢧ࣓ࡢṑࡀྲྀࡾࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊጼࢆࡋྲྀࡗࡓᮌ᙮ࡾࡢࢧ࣓ࠊ ࡉࡽ⌧ᐇࡢࢧ࣓ࡢሐ႘ࡋ࡚ṑࡀ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡁࠊᙧ㇟ࡢᶍᐇయࡢሐ႘ⓗⓎ⌧ ࠸࠺➽ࡢᩥ⬦ࡀࡑࡢࠑࡋࠒࡢḟඖᑟධࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ᙮้సရࡣࠊࡑࡢ ᮦ㉁ࡸᙧ㇟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ពࢆㄏⓎࡋࡘࡘࠊࡋࡶࡑࡢពࢆ⌧ໃࡍࡿゝㄝ ࢆ๐ࡂⴠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࡺ࠼ࠊពࡢⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ୍Ṍᡭ๓ࠊព⏕ᡂࡢ㜈❧ࡕ ࡎࡉࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ BUCK, P. H. 1950. Material Culture of Kapingamarangi, Berenice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 200, 291 pp., Berenice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, USA. GONIWIECHA, M. C. 2009. Japanese Influences on Kapingamarangi, 17 pp., Unpublished Research Manuscript. HAMNETT, M. P. 1970. Crafts of Kapingamarangi, 15 pp., Office of Economic Development, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, FSM. ISLAND RESEARCH AND EDUCATION INITIATIVE 2013. Outer Islands of Pohnpei: Factsheets and Maps, 12 cards, Island Research and Education Initiative, Palikir, Pohnpei, FSM.
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