♼⤊හ⛁, 64(3) : 304-308, 2006
64 : 304
Lafcadio Hearn(䝭䝙 䜯䝋䜧䜮䝿䝓䞀䝷)䛴
Kwaidan(ᛱㄧ)䛮♼⤊හ⛁⑄ᝀ *
(䛣䛴䠃)
ཿ㻃 ㆺ㻃 ༡㻃 ࿰**
䛵㻃 䛞㻃 䜇㻃 䛱
㎾ᖳ䛴⬳♼⤊⛁Ꮥ◂✪䛴㐅Ṅ䛱ఔ䛊, ௧๑
䛵⣟⢃䛱⢥♼⛁㡷ᇡ䛴⑍≟䛮⩻䛎䜏䜒䛬䛊䛥䚮
ᖹ て ዱ ᝷ 䛰 䛯 䛴 ⑍ ≟ 䜈 䚮 Parkinson ⑋ 䚮
Parkinson⑍ು⩄䚮Alzheimer⑋䛰䛯♼⤊ንᛮ⑄
ᝀ䛴ᝀ⩽䛛䜙䛱䜅䜏䜒䜑ሔྙ䛰䛯䛵䚮♼⤊හ
⛁䛭䜈᪝ᖏ䛴አᮮチ⒢䛭᡽䛌䜎䛌䛱䛰䛩䛬䛓䛥䠀
䛣䜒䛱ఔ䛊䚮䛙䜒䜄䛭༟䛰䜑㘊て䜊ᝀ⩽䛛䜙䛴
๭ష䛭䛵䛰䛊䛑䛮⩻䛎䜏䜒䛬䛓䛥⑍≟䜊ᚡು
䛒䚮♼⤊ᏕⓏ䛱᳠ゞ䛟䜑䛮䚮ḿᖏெ䛱ヾ䜇䜏䜒
䜑㍇ᗐ䛴㧏ḗ⬳ᶭ⬗㝸ᐐ䛴ୌ㒂䛭䛈䜑ྊ⬗ᛮ
䛒ฝ䛬䛕䜑䛰䛯, ⢥♼⛁㡷ᇡ䛮♼⤊හ⛁㡷ᇡ䛮
䛴ሾ⏲䛒䛵䛩䛓䜐䛝䛰䛕䛰䛩䛬䛓䛬䛊䜑1)䠀
䛣䛙䛭䚮ㄙ䜈䛒ᖺᑛ᫤᭿䛱ୌᗐ䛵ㄖ䜙䛦䜐⪲
䛊䛥䜐䛟䜑䜈䛴䛴䚮䛙䜒䜄䛭༟䛰䜑୘ᛦ㆗䛰ᛱ
ㄧᄆ䛮᡽䜕䜒䜑஥䛴ኣ䛑䛩䛥䚮ᑚἠඳ㞴
(Lafcadio Hearn, 䝭䝙䜯䝋䜧䜮䝿䝓䞀䝷)䛴䚸ᛱㄧ
(Kwaidan)䚹䛱䛪䛊䛬䚮♼⤊හ⛁༈䛴❟ሔ䛑䜏
්ᗐ⩻ᐳ䜘⾔䛩䛬䜅䜑஥䛱䛝䛥䠀
ᑚἠඳ㞴䛴⏍ᾥ
ᑚἠඳ㞴(Lafcadio Hearn)(ᅒ1)䛵䜦䜨䝯䝭䝷
䝍ெ䛴㌱༈䛴∏ば䛮䚮䜲䝮䜻䝧ெ䛴ẍば䛴䜈䛮䛱䚮
1850ᖳ䜲䝮䜻䝧䛭⏍䜄䜒䛥䛒䚮䝓䞀䝷䛒䠆ṋ䛴
᫤䛱୦ば䛵㞫፡䛟䜑䛙䛮䛱䛰䛩䛥䠀䝓䞀䝷䛴ẍ
䛵ᑛᖳ䛴ඔ䜘ཡ䜐䚮∏䛵්፡䛝䛬䜨䝷䝍䛾ཡ䛩
䛥䛥䜇䚮୦ば䛱ぜᤖ䛬䜏䜒䛥䝓䞀䝷䛵㔘ᣚ䛧
䛴ኬཱẍ䛱ᘤ䛓ཱི䜏䜒䛬ᬵ䜏䛟஥䛱䛰䜑䠀䛝䛑
䛝䚮♼Ꮥᰧ䛱㏳䛩䛥䝓䞀䝷䛵䚮16ṋ䛴᫤䚮஥ᨶ
ᅒ䠃䠀ᑚἠඳ㞴(Lafcadio Hearn, 䝭䝙䜯䝋䜧䜮䝿䝓
䞀䝷)䛴⫔ാ⏤ 2)
䛴䛥䜇䛱ᕞ┘䜘኶᪺䠀᭞䛱ᝇ䛊஥䛱䛵ኬཱẍ
䛒◒⏐䛝䛥䛥䜇䛱䚮19ṋ䛭䜦䝥䝮䜯䛱ῳ䛩䛬
⛸䚱䛴⫃ᴏ䜘మ㥺䛝䛥ᚃ䚮᩺⪲オ⩽䛮䛝䛬഼䛕
䛙䛮䛱䛰䛩䛥䠀
1877ᖳ䚮27ṋ䛴᫤䛱䝣䜻䜻䝇䝘䞀ᕗ䚮䝏䝩䞀
䜮䝮䝷䜾䛴᩺⪲♣䚸䝋䞀䝮䞀䜦䜨䝊䝤䚹䛱ථ♣䠀
1884ᖳ䚮34ṋ䛴᫤䛱䝏䝩䞀䜮䝮䝷䜾Ⓤᖳ⚅䛴᪝
ᮇ㤃䜘ぜ䛬䚮᪝ᮇ䛴஥䛱⮾࿝䜘ᣚ䛪䜎䛌䛱䛰䜐䚮
1890ᖳ䚮40ṋ䛴᫤䛱᪝ᮇཱིᮞ䛴௘஥䛭᪝ᮇ䛱
* Tales of “Kwaidan” by Lafcadio Hearn and Neurological disorders(1). (Accepted January 31, 2006)
**Hirokazu FURUYA, M.D., Ph.D.:ᅗ❟⑋㝌ᶭᵋኬ∱⏛⑋㝌♼⤊䝿➵䜿䝷䝃䞀♼⤊හ⛁䛀ࠨ837-0911⚗ᒱ
┬ኬ∱⏛ᕰኬᏊᶪ1044-1䛁;Department of Neurology, Neuro-Muscular Centre, National Omuta Hospital,
Fukuoka 837-0911, Japan
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(3) : 304-308, 2006
ᮮ⯗䠀ᮇ♣䛮ዉ⣑䛴஥䛭䝌䝭䝚䝯䜈䛈䛩䛥䛥䜇䚮
䝏䝩䞀䜮䝮䝷䜾䛭▩䜐ྙ䛩䛥᭱㒂ୌ୔䛴ᩯ᪍䛭䚮
ฝ㞴ᮿỜ୯Ꮥ䛴ⱝㄊᩅᖅ䛮䛰䜑䠀ᮿỜ⁣ᅹ୯
䛴ୌᖳ஦䝺᭮䛴㛣䛱୯Ꮥᩅ㢄㻃 こ⏛༐ኯ㑳䛴
䛟䛟䜇䛭䚮ᮿỜ䛴ኃ᪐ᑚἠ‎䛴ḗዥ㻃 ᑚἠ⟿
Ꮔ(䜿䝈)䛮⤎፡䠀䛣䛴ᚃ䚮↻ᮇ䚮♼ᡖ䚮䛣䛝䛬᮶
ா䛮ప䜄䛊䜘⛛䛝䚮➠஫㧏➴Ꮥᰧ(⌟䝿↻ᮇኬ
Ꮥᩅ㣬㒂)䚮᮶ாᖀᅗኬᏕ䚮᪡⛼⏛ኬᏕ䛰䛯䛭
ⱝᩝᏕ䜘ᩅ䛎䜑஥䛮䛰䛩䛥䠀1896ᖳ䚮46ṋ䛴᫤
䛱᪝ᮇ䛾ᖉ໩䚮௧ᚃ䚸ᑚἠඳ㞴䚹䛮ྞ஋䜑䜎䛌䛱
䛰䜐䚮1904ᖳ䚮54ṋ䛭ᚨ⮒⑋䟺䛐䛣䜏䛕ᚨ➵ᱶ
ራ䟻䛴䛥䜇䛱ᖉ䜏䛲ெ䛮䛰䛩䛬䛊䜑䠀௥⾪ష䛮䛝
䛬 䚮 䚸 㦭 ⴯ (Kotto) 䚹 䚮 䚸 ♼ ᅗ (Japan) 䚹 䚮 䚸 ᛱ ㄧ
(Kwaidan)䚹䛰䛯䛒䛈䜑 2)䠀
ᑚἠඳ㞴䛮ᛱㄧ(Kwaidan)䛱䛪䛊䛬
୦ば䛮䛴⦍䛴ὰ䛊䚮୘ᖶ䛰ᖺᑛ᫤᭿䜘㏞䛩
䛥ඳ㞴䛵䚮ᑛᖳ᭿䛑䜏Ⰳ䛕㩥᪺䛰ᖹて䜊ዃᛱ
䛰ከ䜘ぜ䜑஥䛒ኣ䛑䛩䛥䜎䛌䛭䚮䛙䛴䜎䛌䛰మ㥺
䛒ᚃ䛴ඳ㞴䛴షဗ䛴ᇱ┑䛮䛰䛩䛥䜈䛴䛮⩻䛎䜏
䜒䜑䠀1880ᖳ䛴8᭮䛱ᮿỜ䛱㉩௴䛝䛥ඳ㞴䛵䚮
ᮿỜ࿔㎰䛴⨶䛝䛊⮤↓䛮ཿ䛊᪝ᮇ䛴㟻ᙫ䛱ᙁ
䛕ᚨ䜘ᘤ䛑䜒䚮䛛䜏䛱䛙䛴ᆀ᪁䛭ఎᢆ䛛䜒䛬䛊
䛥⛸䚱䛴Ằリ䛱⮾࿝䜘♟䛟䜎䛌䛱䛰䛩䛥䠀ඳ㞴
䛒᭡䛓オ䛝䛥Ằリ䜊ᛱዃㆋ䛱䛪䛊䛬䛵䚮ᘤ⏕
ㆋ௧አ䛵ጏ䛴䜿䝈䛒て䛎䛬䛊䛥䜈䛴䜊䚮ඳ㞴
ୌᐓ䛒䛣䛴ᚃ⛛䜐ప䜙䛦ᆀ᪁䛴పẰ䛑䜏䚮ᙴ
ዥ䛒⪲䛊䛥䜈䛴䜘ඳ㞴䛱ㄊ䛩䛥䜈䛴䛒Ṝ䛯䛭䚮
ඳ㞴䛴ᮿỜ⁣ᅹ䛵▯䛊䜈䛴䛰䛒䜏䚮ᙴ䛴షဗ
䛱䛵᪟ᇖୖ⏣䛴ᮿỜ䜊↻ᮇ䛴㢴᝗䝿᝗⥬䛒ኬ
䛓䛕ᙫ㡢䛝䛬䛊䜑䛮⩻䛎䜏䜒䜑䠀
䛣䛴ᚃඳ㞴䛵໪㒂ஐᕗ䚮㝻ᒪ䚮ዄⰃ䚮ா㒌
䛰䛯䜘ザၡ䛝䛥ᚃ䚮1984ᖳ䚮44ṋ䛴᫤䛴䚸᪝ᮇ
▄ぜオ(Glimpses of unfamiliar Japan)䚹䜘⓮ว䜐
䛱䚮᪝ᮇ䛱㛭䛟䜑ⴥ᭡䜘ኣ䛕᭡䛓オ䛟஥䛱䛰䛩
䛥䠀ඳ㞴䛵᪡䛕䛑䜏᪝ᮇ䛴Ằリ䚮ఎㄕ䜘䛣䛴ⴥ
᭡䛴୯䛱オ㍍䛝䛬䛊䜑䛒䚮1899ᖳ䛴ⴥష䚸㟃䛴
᪝ᮇ(In ghostly Japan)䚹䛴㡥䛑䜏䚮షဗ䛴୯䛱
⪲䛓オ䛝䛥ᛱㄧ䝿ዃㄧ䜘᥎㍍䛟䜑䜎䛌䛱䛰䛩䛥䠀
䛣䛴ᚃ䚮䚸ᙫ(Shadowings)(1900ᖳ)䚹䚮䚸᪝ᮇ㞟
㘋(A Japanese miscellany)(1901 ᖳ) 䚹 䚮䚸 㦭 ⴯
(Kotto)(1902ᖳ)䚹➴䛴୯䛱ኣ䛕䛴ᛱㄧ䝿ዃㄧ䛒
᥎㍍䛛䜒䛬䛐䜐䚮䛣䜒䜏䛴㞗ኬᠺ䛭䛈䜑䚸ᛱㄧ
64 : 305
(Kwaidan)(1904ᖳ)䚹䛵䚮ඳ㞴䛮䛝䛬䛵᭩ᬄᖳ䛴
షဗ䛮䛊䛎䜑2)䠀
ඳ㞴䛴ⴥష䛵䚸༎ゥᢊ䚹䚮䚸௑ᪿ∸ㄊ䚹䚮䚸㞭
᭮∸ㄊ䚹䚮䚸᩺ⴥ⪲㞗䚹䛰䛯䚮᪝ᮇ䛴᭯ྞ䛰ཿ඼
䛑䜏䛴්リ䚮ୌ㒂⩳᱄䛴䜈䛴䜈䛈䜑䛒䚮ᒱಲኮ
ᚨ䚮ᮿỜ䛭䛴យᘭᏄ䛭䛈䜑ኬㆺḿಘ䚮ᮿỜ୯
Ꮥ䛴こ⏛༐ኯ㑳ᩅ㢄䜘ิ䜇䛮䛝䛬䚮྘ᆀ䛴ᑈ
䛴ప⫃䚮ᇖୖ䛴ⱕ⩽䛰䛯ᵕ䚱䛴ெ䚱䛑䜏䛴⪲
䛓᭡䛓䜘⣪ᮞ䛱䛝䛥䜈䛴䜈ኣ䛕䚮ẰಐᏕⓏ䛱ぜ
䛬䜈㔔さ䛰㈠ᩩ䛱䛰䛩䛬䛐䜐䚮Ử䛝䛬䛥䛦䛴⩳
᱄䝿්リ㞗䜊䚮๭ష㞗䛮䛊䛌䜕䛗䛭䛵䛰䛊2)䠀
௧ୖ䚮ඳ㞴䛴䚸ᛱㄧ(Kwaidan)䚹䛴୯䛑䜏䠆ష
ဗ䜘⣪ᮞ䛮䛝䛬䚮䛣䜒䛤䜒䛴ᛱㄧᄆ䜘♼⤊Ꮥ
Ⓩ䛱᳠ゞ䛝䛬䜅䜑஥䛱䛟䜑䠀
䜓䛕䜓㤫(㍾㎖㤫)(Rokuro-Kubi)
䛙䛴リ⮤మ䛵䚮༞໪᭽᫤௥䚮༞᭽᪁䛮䛝䛬ᡋ
䛩䛥↻ᮇ䛴ⳝờୌ᪐䛒䚮໪᭽ເງ䛱䜎䜐⁓䜂䛛
䜒䛥ᚃ䚮䛣䛴㔔⮟䛭䛈䛩䛥☶ㆺᖲኯᕞ⾠㛓䛒
ฝᐓ䛝䛬䚸㛜Ⰳ䚹䛮ྞ஋䜐䚮ㅎᅗ⾔⬦䛴㏭୯䚮⏝
ᩣ䛴ᅗ䛭ฝఌ䛩䛥ᛱ␏䛱㛭䛝䛬オ㍍䛛䜒䛥䜈
䛴䛭䛈䜑䛒䚮ඳ㞴䛴ᩐ䚱䛴షဗ䛴୯䛭䜈䚮ㄖ䜙
䛭䜅䛬䛣䛴㢗ྞ䛮හᐖ䛮䛴㛣䛱㐢࿰វ䜘វ䛞䜑
஥䛒ኣ䛊షဗ䛭䛈䜑䠀
Very gently he pushed apart the sliding-screens
that separated his room from the main apartment;
and he saw, by the light of the lantern, five
recumbent bodies -- without heads! For one
instant he stood bewildered,-- imagining a crime.
But in another moment he perceived that there
was no blood, and that the headless necks did not
look as if they had been cut. Then he thought to
himself: --"Either this is an illusion made by
goblins, or I have been lured into the dwelling of
a RokuroKubi. . . .”
(ᙴ䛵䜌䛩䛕䜐䛮ᐂ㛣䛮ᑽ㛣䜘㝰䛬䛬䛊䜑⾢❟
䜘ິ䛑䛝䛥䠀䛣䛝䛬⾔⅁䛴ක䛴ୖ䛱䚮㤫䛴䛰䛊
஫మ䛴మ䛒ᶋ䛥䜕䛩䛬䛊䜑䛴䜘ぜ䛪䛗䛥䠀ୌ
█ᙴ䛵䚮ర䛑䛴≚⨝䛒㉫䛙䛩䛥䛙䛮䜘᝷ാ䛝䛬
ᙔᝠ䛝䛥䛒䚮䛟䛖䛱⾉䛒Ὦ䜒䛬䛐䜏䛠䚮㢄䛴䛰
䛊㤫䛴㒂ฦ䛒䚮ว᩷䛛䜒䛥䜎䛌䛱ぜ䛎䛰䛊䛙䛮
䛱Ẵ䛒䛪䛊䛥䠀㛜Ⰳ䛵䚸䛙䜒䛵㨛䛒ぜ䛡䛥䛥䛦
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(3) : 304-308, 2006
A
64 : 306
B
ᅒ䠄䠀A. ᑚἠඳ㞴䛒⮤ฦ䛭ᥝ䛊䛥䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹䛴䜨䝭䜽䝌 2), B. ⴩㣥໪ᩢ䛴ᥝ䛊䛥䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹
䟺䚸໪ᩢ₌⏤䚹19䟻䜎䜐䟻
䛴䛈䜊䛑䛝䛑䚮䜓䛕䜓㤫䛴ᕛ❅䛱ㄇ䛊㎲䜄䜒䛬
䛝䜄䛩䛥䛑䛱㐢䛊䛰䛊䚹䛮⩻䛎䛥䠀)
He heard voices talking in the grove; and he
went in the direction of the voices, -- stealing
from shadow to shadow, until he reached a good
hiding-place. Then, from behind a trunk, he
caught sight of the heads, -- all five of them, -flitting about, and chatting as they flitted.
(ᮄ❟䛴୯䛭ெ䛴リ䛝ኇ䛒⪲䛙䛎䛥䛴䛭䚮㛜
Ⰳ䛵㒌ྙⰃ䛕ጶ䜘㝻䛝䛬䛕䜒䜑ᶖᮄ䛴ᙫ䜘ఎ䛊
䛰䛒䜏䛣䛴᪁ྡྷ䛱⾔䛩䛬䜅䛥䠀䛣䛌䛝䛬䚮ᮄ䛴
ᖷ䛴㝔䛑䜏䚮ౚ䛴஫ெ䛴㤫䛒㣍䛹ᅂ䜐䚮㣍䛹䛰
䛒䜏リ䜘䛝䛬䛊䜑ᵕᏄ䜘䛞䛩䛮ぜ䛬䛊䛥䠀)
⚶㐡䛒᪝ᮇᪿリ䛰䛯䛭ៈ䜒ば䛝䜙䛦䚸䜓䛕䜓
㤫䚹䛵䚮⬏మ䛑䜏㤫䛒㛏䛕ఘ䛹䛥䜈䛴䛭(ᅒ 2A,
B)䚮䚸䜓䛕䜓䚹䛵䚮㝙ⰹ䛱⏕䛊䜑᪍┑䛴䚸㍾㎖䚹䚮
䜈䛝䛕䛵ഘ䛴㛜䛓䛴㒂ฦ䜘ᣞ䛝䚮䛊䛠䜒䛱䛝䛬䜈
ఘ⦨⮤ᅹ䛮䛊䛌ណ࿝䛭䛈䜑䛴䛭䚮ඳ㞴䛒オ㍍䛝
䛥㣍㐗䛟䜑㤫䛮䛊䛌ዺᛱ䛵䚮䛯䛧䜏䛑䛮ゕ䛎䛶
䚸ᢜ䛗㤫䚹䛮䜈ゕ䛌䛿䛓䛭䛈䜑䠀㤫䛒ఘ䛹䜑ዺᛱ䛮
䛊䛌䛴䛵᪝ᮇ≺≁䛴䜈䛴䛭䛈䜑஥䚮୯ᅗ䛱䛵㣍
㐗䛟䜑㤫䛮䛊䛌ᛱㄧ䛴䛈䜑஥䚮ඳ㞴䛵᪝ᮇ䛱ᮮ
䜑๑䛴1887ᖳ䛱䚮䜦䝥䝮䜯䛭䚸ᨥ㑛ᛱㄧ䚹䛮䛊䛌
ᮇ 䜘 ฝ ∟ 䛝 䛬 䛊 䜑 ஥ 䛰 䛯 䛑 䜏 2) 䚮 䚸 ᛱ ㄧ
(Kwaidan)䚹䛴୯䛴䛙䛴ᄆ䛱㛭䛝䛬䛵䚮ඳ㞴䛒
୯ᅗ䛴ᛱㄧ䜘᪝ᮇྡྷ䛗䛱⩳᱄䛝䛥䛮⩻䛎䜑◂
✪⩽䜈䛊䜑䜁䛯䛭䛈䜑䠀
䛝䛑䛝Ờᡖ᫤௥䛱᭡䛑䜒䛥㝮➱䜘䜅䛬䜅䜑䛮䚮
ౚ䛎䛶ᖲᡖ⸤୹䛭䛈䜑ᮿ὾㟴ᒜ䛴ⴥష䛭䛈䜑
䚸⏝Ꮔእリ䚹䛱䛵䚮ୖዥ䛴㤫䛒እ༖䛱㣍㐗䛝䛬
䛊䜑䛴䜘ぜ䛥䛮ゕ䛌ெ䛴リ䛒オ㍍䛛䜒䛬䛐䜐3)䚮
䛈䜑䛊䛵䛈䜑ୖዥ䛴㤫䛒䚮῕እᒄ㢴䛴ᶋ䛴㒂
ฦ䜘୕䛒䜐ୖ䛒䜐䛝䛬䛊䜑䛴䜘ぜ䛬䚮䛛䛬䛵䛙䛴
ዥ䛵䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹䛦䛮䛊䛌䛙䛮䛒䜕䛑䛩䛬䛸䛯䛕㦣
䛓䚮⩛᪝䛣䛴஥䜘ၡ䛊䛪䜇䜑䛮䚮⮤ฦ䛱䛵㤫䛒
ఘ䛹䜑⑋䛒䛈䜑䛮䛊䛌஥䜘Ⓣ≟䛝䛥䛮䛊䛌リ䛒䛈
䜑4)䠀๑⩽䛴ሔྙ䚮䟺䜄䜑䛭෢ሔ䛴ྡ᜝䛴䜎䛌䛱䟻
㤫䛒㣍䜙䛭䛊䛕㌮㊟䛱ぜ䛎䜑↦䛴䜎䛌䛰䜈䛴䛒䚮
㤫䛒ఘ䛹䛥䜎䛌䛱ぜ䛎䛥䛴䛭䛵䛰䛊䛑䛮オ㍍䛛
䜒䛬䛊䜑䛝䚮ᚃ⩽䛴ሔྙ䛵㤫䛒㣍㐗䛝䛬䛊䛥䛴
䛑䚮ఘ䛹䛬䛊䛥䛴䛑䛵ᒄ㢴䛱㝻䜒䛬䛊䛬䛵䛩
䛓䜐䛝䛬䛊䛰䛊䠀䛝䛑䛝䛙䜒䜏䛴リ䛑䜏⩻䛎䜑䛮䚮
Ờᡖ᫤௥䛱䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹䛮ゕ䛎䛶䚮䛚䛕⮤↓䛱䛙
䛴୦⩽䜘ᣞ䛝䛬䛊䛥䜎䛌䛭䚮᪺἖᫤௥䛱䛙䛴リ
䜘᤿ཱི䛝䛥ඳ㞴䛴オ㘋䛒䚮䛈䛰䛒䛧ㄏ䛩䛬䛊䜑
䛮䛑䚮๭ష䜊⩳᱄䛭䛈䜑䛰䛯䛮䛵⩻䛎䛱䛕䛊䛴
䛭䛵䛰䛊䛦䜓䛌䛑䠀
䛣䜒䛭䛵㤫䛒ఘ䛹䛥䜐䚮㣍㐗䛟䜑䛮䛊䛌リ䜘
ධ䛕䛴ష䜐リ䛮⩻䛎䛠䚮ୌ䛪䛴♼⤊ᏕⓏ䛰ᚡು
䛮⩻䛎䜑䛮䚮䛯䛴䜎䛌䛰⑋ឺ䛒⩻䛎䜏䜒䜑䛦䜓䛌
䛑䠀㤫䛒ఘ䛹䜑䚮䛈䜑䛊䛵ఘ䛹䛥䜎䛌䛰វ䛞䛒
䛟䜑䛮䛊䛌⑍≟䛭᭩䜈᭯ྞ䛰䜈䛴䛱䚸∞㢄⑚䚹䛴
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(3) : 304-308, 2006
A
64 : 307
B
ᅒ䠅䠀A. 䚸୘ᛦ㆗䛴ᅗ䛴䜦䝮䜽䚹䟺1865 ᖳิ∟䟻䛱ᥝ䛑䜒䛥 Tenniel 䛴᣼⤦ 5), B. 䝯䜨䜽䝿䜱䝧䝱䝯
䛒䜦䝮䜽䛴䝦䝋䝯䛭䛈䜑 Alice Liddell 䛴䛥䜇䛱ష䛩䛥䚮᭩ิ䛴ᡥ᭡䛓䛴ᮇ(1864 ᖳ)䛱ᥝ䛑䜒
䛥᣼⤦ 5)䚯䛊䛠䜒䜈㤫䛒㛏䛕ఘ䛹䛥䜦䝮䜽䛴⤦䛒ᥝ䛑䜒䛬䛊䜑䚯
మវᖹて䛒䛈䜑䠀๑඗䜘ఔ䛌∞㢄⑚䛭䛵㛕㍜
ᬧⅤ䛰䛯䛴って␏ᖏ䛒᭩䜈ኣ䛊䛒䚮㍇ᗐ䛴మ
វᖹて䛰䛯䛴⑍≟䛒ヾ䜇䜏䜒䜑஥䜈䛈䜐䚮∞㢄
⑚䛱ྙె䛟䜑㢄㡤ⴝ⑍ು⩄䛴ୌ䛪䛮⩻䛎䜏䜒
䛬䛊䜑䠀
ᩝᏕషဗ䛱⌟䜒䛥∞㢄⑚䛴మវᖹて䛴᭩䜈
᭯ྞ䛰ౚ䛮䛝䛬䚮䝯䜨䜽䝿䜱䝧䝱䝯䛴䚸୘ᛦ㆗䛴
ᅗ䛴䜦䝮䜽䚹䛒䛈䜑䠀䝯䜨䜽䝿䜱䝧䝱䝯䛴ᐓ⣌䛱䛵
∞㢄⑚䛒䛈䛩䛥䜎䛌䛭䚮ᙴ⮤㌗䜈ᚃ䛱䛸䛯䛊∞
㢄⑚䛱ᝆ䜄䛛䜒䜑஥䛱䛰䛩䛥5䟻䠀䛐䛣䜏䛕ᙴ䛵ᐓ
᪐䛴䛸䛯䛊∞㢄⑚䛴⑍≟䜘ᛦ䛊ฝ䛝䚮షဗ䛴
୯䛱ཱི䜐ථ䜒䛥䛮ᛦ䜕䜒䜑䛒䚮ᙴ⮤㌗䛒᭡䛊䛥
䛣䛴ิ✇䛴᣼⤦䜊⮤➱䛴᣼⤦䛱䛵䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹
䛴䜎䛌䛱᪺䜏䛑䛱㤫䛒ఘ䛹䛥䚸䜦䝮䜽䚹䛴ᅒ䛒䛈
䜑 (ᅒ 3A, B)䠀
‘Now I’m opening out like the largest
telescope that ever was! Good-bye, feet!’ (for
when she looked down at her feet, they seemed to
be almost out of sight, they were getting so far
off).
‘Oh, my poor little feet, I wonder who will put
on your shoes and stockings for you now dears?’
䟺䜦䝮䜽䛒⮤ฦ䛴㊂䜘ぜ䛬䜅䜑䛮䚮㊂䛵䛯䜙䛯
䜙㞫䜒䛬䜌䛓䚮䜄䜑䛭っ⏲䛴ᯕ䛬䛱⾔䛩䛬䛝䜄
䛊䛣䛌䛱ぜ䛎䜄䛝䛥䠀䚸䛯䛌䛝䜄䛝䜍䛌䠀⚶䛴మ䛵䛮
䛩䛬䜈ኬ䛓䛰᭻㐪㙶䜅䛥䛊䛱䛰䛩䛧䜉䛩䛥䠀䝔
䜨䝔䜨䚮⚶䛴㊂䛛䜙䠀䚹䛮䚮䜦䝮䜽䛵ゕ䛊䜄䛝䛥䠀
䚸ྊဖ᝷䛰ᑚ䛛䛰⚶䛴㊂䛛䜙䠀䛊䛩䛥䛊ㄙ䛒䛈
䛰䛥䛱㠈ୖ䜊㠈䜘ᒓ䛑䛡䛬䛕䜒䜑䛴䛑䛝䜏䠀䚹䟻
䟺䚺୘ᛦ㆗䛴ᅗ䛴䜦䝮䜽䚻5䟻䟻
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(3) : 304-308, 2006
64 : 308
䛙䜒䜘ㄖ䜆䛮䚮䜦䝮䜽⮤㌗䛒䜄䜑䛭䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹
䛱䛰䛩䛥䜎䛌䛰䚮㤫䛴ఘ䛹⦨䜅䛟䜑␏ᖏ䛰វて
䜘మ㥺䛝䛥䛙䛮䛒䜕䛑䜑 (ᅒ 3A, B)䠀䛥䛦᪝ᮇ
ெ䛴ሔྙ䚮మវᖹて䜘ఔ䛌∞㢄⑚⑍ౚ䛵ᴗ䜇
䛬ᑛ䛰䛕䚮➱⩽䜈∞㢄⑚䛴ᝀ⩽䛛䜙䛵䛙䜒䜄䛭
䛱100ౚ௧୕チᐳ䛝䛬䛊䜑䛮ᛦ䜕䜒䜑䛒䚮2ౚ䜁
䛯䛝䛑⤊㥺䛝䛬䛊䛰䛊䠀䛝䛑䛝䛰䛒䜏䚮Ờᡖ᫤
௥䛱ዺᛱ䛮䛝䛬オ㍍䛛䜒䛬䛊䜑䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹䛵䚮
䛣䛴Ṝ䛯䛒ዥᛮ䛭䚮ᬉṹ䛵㏳ᖏ䛴ெ䛮ర䜏ን
䜕䜐䛒䛰䛊䜈䛴䛴䚮㤫䛒ఘ䛹䜑⑋Ẵ䜘ᣚ䛩䛬䛊
䛬䚮እ㛣䛱䛰䜑䛮㤫䛒ఘ䛹䜑䛮䛊䛌䜎䛌䛱スᏽ䛛
䜒䛬䛊䜑ሔྙ䛒ኣ䛊3)4)䠀䛙䜒䛵ᚃ㏑䛟䜑䚸䛴䛩
䜀䜏ᆎ䚹䚮䚸ୌ䛪┘ᑚ൒䚹䛰䛯䛴䚮㏳ᖏ䛴ዺᛱ䛮
䜊䜊␏䛰䛩䛬䛐䜐䚮䛙䛴஥䛑䜏䜈䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹䛒ᙔ
᫤䛓䜕䜇䛬㢎ᗐ䛒ᑛ䛰䛊䛰䛒䜏䜈䚮∞㢄⑚䛴మ
វᖹて䛒䛣䛴䝦䝋䝯䛱䛰䛩䛬䛊䜑ྊ⬗ᛮ䜘♟
ြ䛝䛬䛊䜑䠀
䛣䜒䛭䛵ḗ䛱䚮ᑚἠඳ㞴䛒䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹䛴୯
䛭オ㍍䛝䛥䚸㣍㐗䛟䜑㤫䚹䜘ぜ䜑䛮䛊䛌≟Ἓ䛵䚮
䛯䛴䜎䛌䛰♼⤊ᏕⓏ⑍≟䛮⩻䛎䜏䜒䜑䛦䜓䛌䛑䠀
䛙䜒䛱䛪䛊䛬䛵ḗ䛴䚸㣏ெ㨛(Jiki-jin-ki)䚹䛴ᡜ
䛭㏑䛿䜑䛙䛮䛱䛟䜑䠀
ⰶୌ䚮䜆䛞䛰)䛴䛣䜒䛤䜒䛴ᛱㄧᄆ䜘♼⤊ᏕⓏ
䛱᳠ゞ䛝䛬䜅䛥䛊䠀
ᩝ㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 ⊡
1) Furuya H, Ikezoe K, Ohyagi Y et al. A case of
progressive posterior cortical atrophy (PCA)
with vivid hallucination: are some ghost tales
vivid hallucinations in normal people? J
Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; in press.
2) ୕㔕⩇࿰. ஦ெ䛴೥ኬ䛰᪝ᮇ⣺௒⩽ 䝓䞀
䝷䛮䝦䝭䜬䜽. 䝭䝙䜯䝋䜧䜮䝿䝓䞀䝷Ἀᚃ100
ᖳ୩䛹䛱䝸䜫䝷䜿䜽䝭䜪䝿䝋䝿䝦䝭䜬䜽⏍㄄
150ᖳ ᒈ♟┘㘋. ா㒌䠌ா㒌አᅗㄊኬᏕ௛
ᒌᅒ᭡㤃䠍 2004. p. 6-24.
3) ᮿ὾㟴ᒜ. ⏝Ꮔእリ㻃 䠃. ୯ᮟᖶᙢ䚮୯㔕୔
ᨼ䝿ᰧゖ. ิ∟. ᮶Ὂᩝᗔ, ᮶ா䠌ᖲฉ♣䠍
1977. p.132-3.
4) ௑㔕ᅨ㍔䠀᪝ᮇᛱㄧ㞗㻃 ዺᛱ⠅䠀⌟௥ᩅ㣬
ᩝᗔ䚮᮶ா䠌♣ఌᛦ᝷♣䠍 1981. p. 86-97.
5) ㇇ಲᗛኰ. 7❮㻃 ୘ᛦ㆗䛴ᅗ䛴䜦䝮䜽. ⰹ⾙䛮
ᩝᏕ䛱ぜ䜏䜒䜑♼⤊ᏕⓏషဗ. ิ∟. ᮶ா䠌
䝒䝔䝯䝊䜧䜽䝙䜥䞀䝢; 2003. p. 30-3.
ḗྒ䛭䚮ᙴ䛒᭡䛊䛥3షဗ(㣏ெ㨛䚮⪝䛰䛝
㸟 㸟 㸟
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(4) : 429-434, 2006
64 : 429
Lafcadio Hearn(䝭䝙 䜯䝋䜧䜮䝿䝓䞀䝷)䛴
Kwaidan(ᛱㄧ)䛮♼⤊හ⛁⑄ᝀ *
(䛣䛴 2)
ཿ㻃 ㆺ㻃 ༡㻃 ࿰**
㣏ெ㨛(Jiki-jin-ki)
䚸㣏ெ㨛䚹䛵㣱㨛䛱䛪䛊䛬䛴ᛱㄧ䛭䚮ከ᝷
ᅗᖅ䛒᪉䛴㏭୯䛱❟䛧ᐞ䛩䛥ᑚ䛛䛰ᮟ䛭䚮㏳
እ䜘⾔䛌䛙䛮䛱䛰䛩䛥᫤䛱మ㥺䛝䛥ዃᛱ䛰మ㥺
䛱䛪䛊䛬䚮௧ୖ䛴䜎䛌䛱オ㍍䛛䜒䛬䛊䜑䠀
But, when the hush of the night was at its
deepest, there noiselessly entered a Shape, vague
and vast; and in the same moment Muso found
himself without power to move or speak. He saw
that Shape lift the corpse, as with hands, and
devour it, more quickly than a cat devours a rat, -beginning at the head, and eating everything: the
hair and the bones and even the shroud. And the
monstrous Thing, having thus consumed the body,
turned to the offerings, and ate them also. Then it
went away, as mysteriously as it had come.
䟺䛝䛑䛝䚮እ䛴㟴ᐜ䛒䛣䛴ᴗ䜅䛱㐡䛝䛥᫤䚮
ኬ䛓䛰䚮Ὲ䛊ᙫ䛴䜎䛌䛰䜈䛴䛒㡚䜈䛰䛕ථ䛩䛬䛓
䛥䠀䛣䜒䛮ྜྷ᫤䛱䚸ከ᝷䚹䛵మ୯䛴ງ䛒ᢜ䛗䛬
䛝䜄䛊䚮ິ䛕䛙䛮䜈䚮䛝䜉䛿䜑஥䜈ฝᮮ䛰䛕䛰䛩䛬
䛊䜑஥䛱Ẵ䛒䛪䛊䛥䠀ᙴ䛵䚮䛣䛴ᙫ䛒ᡥ䛭ஷ
㦹䜘ᣚ䛧୕䛘䚮⊟䛒㰙䜘㣏䜏䛌䜎䜐䜈㏷䛕䚮㢄䛑
䜏ጙ䜄䜐㢄㧝䜊㦭䚮⤊ᖎᏄ䜄䛭䜈䚮ධ䛬䛴䜈䛴䜘
䜰䝈䜰䝈䛮䜆䛛䜂䜐㣏䛌䛴䜘ぜ䛥䠀ஷ㦹䜘㣏䛿⤂
䜕䜑䛮䚮௑ᗐ䛵䛣䛴䛈䜊䛑䛝䛵䚮౩∸䛴᪁䛱ྡྷ
䛑䛊䚮䛣䜒䜘䜄䛥㣏䛊ᑸ䛕䛝䛥䠀䛣䛌䛝䛬ධ䛬䛴
䜈䛴䜘㣏䛿ᑸ䛕䛟䛮䚮䛣䛴ዃᛱ䛰䜈䛴䛵ථ䛩䛬
䛓䛥᫤䛴䜎䛌䛱䚮䜄䛥ฝ䛬⾔䛩䛬䛝䜄䛩䛥䠀䟻
䛙䛴⌟㇗䛱䛪䛊䛬䛵䚮⢥♼⛁༈䛴୯ᮟᕵ᪺
Ắ䛒䛣䛴ⴥ᭡䛴୯䛭⮾࿝῕䛊ㄕ䜘オ㍍䛝䛬䛐
䜏䜒䜑6)䠀๑ᚃ䛴ᅄ⦍ᄆ䛴オ㍍䛑䜏ว䜐㞫䛝䛬䛙
䛴㒂ฦ䛦䛗䜘ぜ䛬䜅䜑䛮䚮㛏䛊᪉䛴␺䜒䛴ᚃ䚮
㐿మ䛴ᶋ䛭ㄖ⤊䜘⾔䛊䚮╺᝷䛱ථ䛩䛥䚸ከ᝷䚹
䛱䚮䝎䝯䜷䝰䝛䜻䞀䛴ᝀ⩽䛱ぜ䜏䜒䜑䜎䛌䛰ථ
┸᫤ᖹて(hypnagogic hallucination)䛒㉫䛙䛩䛥
䛙䛮䛒⩻䛎䜏䜒䜑䠀ୖ⥲䛭♟䛝䛥㒂ฦ䛵䚮䜄䛛䛱
㔘⦙䜐మ㥺䛒㉫䛙䛩䛥䛙䛮䜘♟䛝䛬䛐䜐䚮䛙䛴మ
㥺䛮ྜྷ᫤䛱ከ᝷䛒ぜ䛥ᛱ␏䛵䚮ථ┸᫤ᖹて䛱
䜎䜑ྊ⬗ᛮ䛒ඖฦ⩻䛎䜏䜒䜑䠀
ථ┸᫤ᖹて⮤మ䛵䝎䝯䜷䝰䝛䜻䞀䛱≁᭯䛴
⌟㇗䛭䛵䛰䛕䚮ḿᖏ⩽䛱䜈㉫䛙䜑⌟㇗䛭䚮䛙䛴
᫤ྜྷ᫤䛱㔘⦙䜐⌟㇗䜘ఔ䛌䛙䛮䛒ኣ䛕䚮≁䛱㔘
⦙䜐䛴᭩୯䛱ってᛮ䚮りてᛮ䚮⫀てᛮ䛴ᖹて
䜘⤊㥺䛟䜑ெ䛒ⱕᖳḿᖏெ䛴⣑0.3%⛤ᗐ䛱
ヾ䜇䜏䜒䜑7)䠀䛙䛴㢎ᗐ䛵䚮䜨䝷䝃䞀䝑䝇䝌䜘㏳䛞
䛬䜯䝎䝄㻃 䜮䝷䝃䝮䜮ኬᏕ䛭⾔䜕䜒䛥⪲䛓ཱི䜐ㄢ
ᰕ䛭䜈䜁䜂ྜྷᵕ䛭䛈䜑8)9)䠀ḿᖏெ䛴మ㥺䛟䜑䛙
䛴䜎䛌䛰ථ┸᫤ᖹて䛵ᛱዃㆋ䛴㢗ᮞ䛱䛰䜑䛙䛮
䛒ኣ䛕䚮షᐓ䛴ᨶ䝿㐪⸠࿔షẮ䜈䚮ⱕ䛊㡥䛈䜑
᪉㤃䛭మ㥺䛝䛥ථ┸᫤ᖹて䛴஥䜘䜬䝇䜿䞀䛱
オ䛝䛬䛐䜐䚮䛛䜏䛱䛙䛴మ㥺䜘䜈䛮䛱䛝䛬䛊䛕䛪
䛑䛴ᛱዃᑚㄕ䜘᭡䛊䛬䛐䜏䜒䜑7)䠀ḿᖏெ䛴⤊
㥺䛟䜑ථ┸᫤ᖹて䛭䜈䚮䝎䝯䜷䝰䝛䜻䞀䛴ᝀ
⩽䛛䜙䛴䛣䜒䛮ྜྷᵕ䛱䚮╟┸䛮ᖹて䛐䜎䛹䛣䜒
䛑䜏䛴て㓨䛴㛣䛭䛵オ᠀䛴䛮䛔䜒䛒䛰䛊䛴䛭䚮
మ㥺䛝䛥ᖹて䛒䛈䛥䛑䜈ᐁ㝷䛱㉫䛙䛩䛥⌟㇗
䛴䜎䛌䛱វ䛞䜏䜒䜑䛮䛊䛌≁ᚡ䛒䛈䜑䠀ᖹて䛴හ
* Tales of “Kwaidan” by Lafcadio Hearn and Neurological disorders(2). (Accepted January 31, 2006)
**Hirokazu FURUYA, M.D., Ph.D.:ᅗ❟⑋㝌ᶭᵋኬ∱⏛⑋㝌♼⤊䝿➵䜿䝷䝃䞀♼⤊හ⛁䛀ࠨ837-0911⚗ᒱ
┬ኬ∱⏛ᕰኬᏊᶪ1044-1䛁;Department of Neurology, Neuro-Muscular Centre, National Omuta Hospital,
Fukuoka 837-0911, Japan
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(4) : 429-434, 2006
ᐖ䛱䛵䚮ᾃ㐗మ㥺䚮㞫ெమ㥺䛴䜎䛌䛰䜈䛴䛴௙䚮
ᜅᛟវ䜘ఔ䛌䜈䛴䜈ኣ䛕䚮≁䛱మ䛴୕䛱㨩∸䛴
䜎䛌䛰䜈䛴䛒䛴䛝䛑䛑䛩䛬䛕䜑䛮䛊䛌䚮ᜅᛟវ䜘
ఔ䛩䛥మវᖹて䜘ఔ䛌㢎ᗐ䛒᭩䜈ኣ䛊䛮䛛䜒䛬
䛊䜑 8)9)䠀
ථ┸᫤䛴ってᛮᖹて䛴୯䛱䛵䚸ᾃ㐗䛟䜑
㤫䚹䚮䚸ᾃ㐗䛟䜑୕༖㌗䚹䛰䛯䛮䛊䛌䜈䛴䜈䛈䜐6)䚮
➱⩽䛒䛑䛩䛬チ䛬䛊䛥䝎䝯䜷䝰䝛䜻䞀䛴ᝀ⩽
䛛䜙䛱䜈䚮రᗐ䛑䚸ᾃ㐗䛟䜑㤫䚹䛮䛊䛌ってᛮᖹ
て䜘⤊㥺䛛䜒䛥᪁䛒䛊䛬䚮ิ䜇䛬䛣䛴䜎䛌䛰ᖹ
て䜘మ㥺䛝䛥᫤䛱䛵䛹䛩䛕䜐䛝䛥䜈䛴䛴䚮ᩐኣ䛕
మ㥺䛟䜑䛌䛧䛱ៈ䜒䛬䛝䜄䛊䚮䛝䜄䛊䛱䛵䛣䛴
䚸㤫䚹䛮ఌリ䜄䛭䛟䜑䜎䛌䛱䛰䛩䛥䛮䛊䛌⤊㥺䜘ㄊ
䛩䛬䛕䜒䛥䠀Ờᡖ᫤௥䛑䜏᪺἖᫤௥䛴ิ᭿䜄䛭
᩶㤫䚮᫱䛝㤫䛮䛊䛌ฬ⨡䛒Ⰳ䛕⾔䜕䜒䛬䛐䜐䟺᭩
ᚃ䛱䛙䛴ฬ⨡䛒⾔䜕䜒䛥䛴䛵䚮1874ᖳ(᪺἖7
ᖳ)䛴䚸ఫ㈙䛴஗䚹䛭䛴Ờ⸠᩺ᖲ䛴ฌฬ䟻䚮ᑚἠ
ඳ㞴䛴᫤௥䛴᪝ᮇெ䛵䚸⏍㤫䚹䛮䛊䛌䜈䛴䛱᥃
䛝䛥⤊㥺䜈ኣ䛕䚮ᚪ↓Ⓩ䛱䚸ᾃ㐗䛟䜑㤫䚹䛮䛊䛌
ᖹて䜘ථ┸᫤ᖹて䛮䛝䛬మ㥺䛝䛥ḿᖏெ䛒ኣ
䛑䛩䛥䛥䜇䚮䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹䛴䜎䛌䛰リ䛒ୌ⯙䛱ུ
䛗ථ䜒䜏䜒䛬䛊䛥䛮䛝䛬୘ᛦ㆗䛵䛰䛊䛦䜓䛌䠀
᪝ᮇ䛶䛑䜐䛭䛰䛕ୠ⏲྘ᆀ䛭ᮂᮃ䛮䛝䛥㢴ㇲ
䛭⌟䜒䚮ㄊ䜐䛑䛗䛥䜐䚮り䛩䛬䛕䜑ᖻ㟃ㆋ䛒㛏䜏
䛕ㄊ䜐⤽䛒䜒䛬䛓䛥⫴ᬊ䛱䛵䚮ḿᖏெ1000ெ䛱
3ெ⛤ᗐ(0.3%)䛮䛊䛌䚮Ử䛝䛬ኣ䛕䛵䛰䛊䛒ᴗ䜇
䛬⛝䛮䛊䛌ゼ䛭䜈䛰䛊㢎ᗐ䛭⤊㥺䛛䜒䜑ථ┸᫤
ᖹて䚮≁䛱ってᛮ䚮⫀てᛮ䚮りてᛮ䛴ᖹて䛒䚮
ኬ䛓䛰ᙲ๪䜘ᯕ䛥䛝䛬䛊䜑䛴䛭䛵䛰䛊䛦䜓䛌䛑䠀
≁䛱᪝ᮇ䛴ሔྙ䚮ኚሔ䛱ᛱㄧ䛒ኣ䛕ㄊ䜏䜒䜑
䛴䜈䚮✭ㄢスങ䛰䛯䛴↋䛑䛩䛥ᪿ䚮㧏Ὼ䚮ኣ‭
䛴䛥䜇䛱ඖฦ䛰╟┸䛴䛮䜒䛰䛑䛩䛥ெ䚱䛱䚮
෢ሔ䜎䜐㧏䛊㢎ᗐ䛭ථ┸᫤ᖹて䛒⏍䛞䛥䛥䜇
䛭䛵䛰䛊䛑䛮⩻䛎䜑䛮䚮ㄕ᪺ྊ⬗䛱䛰䜑䠀
⪝↋䛝ⰶୌ(The Story of
Mimi-Nashi-Hoichi)
䚸⪝↋䛝ⰶୌ䚹䛱䛵䚮ⰶୌ䛮䛊䛌┛┘䛴⌿⍀
Ἢᖅ䛒㐴㐕䛝䛥ᖲᐓ䛴ⴘ䛧Ṃ⩽䛴ஷ㟃䛮䚮䛣
䜒䛑䜏୦⪝䜘ዞ䜕䜒䜑䛮䛊䛌ᜅᛟమ㥺䛒⥓䜏䜒
䛬䛊䜑䠀䛥䛦䚮䛙䛴リ䜘Ἰណ䛝䛬ㄖ䜙䛭䜅䜑䛮䚮
䛙䜒䜏䛴ஷ㟃䛱㛭䛟䜑オ㍍䛵䚮ධ䛬ⰶୌ䛴⫀
てᛮ䛴ᖹて䛱ᇱ䛫䛊䛬䛊䜑䛙䛮䛒䜕䛑䜑䠀
64 : 430
Then came sounds of feet hurrying, and
screens sliding, and rain-doors opening, and
voices of women in converse. By the language of
the women HoIchi knew them to be domestics in
some noble household; but he could not imagine
to what place he had been conducted.
(䛣䜒䛑䜏᛬䛔㊂䛴㊂㡚䛒⪲䛙䛎䚮ᡤ䛒ᘤ䛓
㛜䛗䜏䜒䛬㞭ᡖ䛴㛜䛕㡚䚮ዥ୯䛴リ䛝ኇ䛰䛯䛒
⪲䛙䛎䛥䠀ዥ୯䛴ゕⴝ㐭䛊䛑䜏䚮ⰶୌ䛵㧏㈏䛰
䛐ᒁᩔ䛴୯䛱ᑽ䜑䛙䛮䛒䜕䛑䛩䛥䛒䚮ୌమ䛯䛙
䛴ᒁᩔ䛱᱄හ䛛䜒䛥䛴䛑䛵䛛䛩䛷䜐䜕䛑䜏䛰䛑
䛩䛥䠀)
There he thought that many great people were
assembled: the sound of the rustling of silk was
like the sound of leaves in a forest. He heard also
a great humming of voices, -- talking in
undertones; and the speech was the speech of
courts.
(䛣䛴ᖆ䛱䛵⾨᧷䜒䛴㡚䛒䜄䜑䛭᲻䛴୯䛭䛴
ᮄ䛴ⴝ䛴䛜䜕䜇䛓䛴䜎䛌䛱⪲䛙䛎䛥䛴䛭䚮ኣ䛕䛴
㧏㈏䛰ெ䚱䛒㞗䜄䛩䛬䛊䜑஥䛒䜕䛑䛩䛥䠀ⰶୌ
䛱䛵䜄䛥䚮ᐋᘈ䛭䛴ఌリ䛴䜎䛌䛰䚮఩䛊ኇ䛭䛴
䛜䜕䛪䛓䛴ኇ䜈⪲䛙䛎䛥䠀)
At last, as they were returning to the temple by
way of the shore, they were startled by the sound
of a biwa, furiously played, in the cemetery of the
Amidaji. Except for some ghostly fires -- such as
usually flitted there on dark nights -- all was
blackness in that direction. But the men at once
hastened to the cemetery; and there, by the help
of their lanterns, they discovered HoIchi,--sitting
alone in the rain before the memorial tomb of
Antoku Tenno, making his biwa resound, and
loudly chanting the chant of the battle of
Dan-no-ura.
(⤎ᑻ䚮ᑈ⏠㐡䛵ὶ㎰Ἒ䛊䛴ᑈ䛾䛴㐠䜘ᡘ䛩
䛬䛓䛥䛒䚮䛣䛴㏭୯㜷ᘲ㜸ᑈ䛴቉ᆀ䛭⃥䛝䛕䛑
䛓㫾䜏䛛䜒䜑⌿⍀䛴㡚䜘⪲䛊䛬௭ኮ䛝䛥䠀㜄እ
䛴ᬄ䛱䛊䛪䜈䚮䛊䛕䛪䛑㣍䛹䛑䛌㨛ℾ䛴௙䛱䛵䚮
䛈䛑䜐䛮࿣䛿䜑䜈䛴䛵䛊䛩䛛䛊䛰䛊⁵ႚ䛴㜄䛴
୯䛑䜏䛭䛈䛩䛥䠀䛝䛑䛝䚮ᑈ⏠㐡䛵䛟䛖䛛䜄቉ᆀ
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(4) : 429-434, 2006
64 : 431
䛴᪁䛱᛬䛔䚮ᥞ⅁䛴⅁䜐䛭䚮ⰶୌ䛒䛥䛩䛥ୌெ䚮
㞭䛴୯䚮Ꮽᚠኮⓒ䛴቉◻䛴๑䛭ᙴ䛴⌿⍀䜘䛑
䛓㫾䜏䛝䚮ቨ䝒὾䛴ᡋ䛊䛴❮䜘᭹ポ䛝䛬䛊䜑䛴
䜘ぜ䛪䛗ฝ䛝䛥䠀)
๑㏑䛴୯ᮟᕵ᪺Ắ䛵䚮䛣䛴ⴥ᭡䛴୯䛭䚸⪝
䛰䛝ⰶୌ䛴リ䚹䜈ཱི䜐୕䛘䛬䛐䜐䚮䛣䛴リ䛵ⰶ
ୌ䛴₧ᅹណㆉ䛱䛈䜑⹣ᰜᚨ䚮ྞヽḟ䛒ష䜐୕
䛘䛥ᖹ⫀䛭䛵䛰䛊䛑䛮⩻ᐳ䛝䛬䛊䜑6)䠀⢥♼⑋
⌦ᏕⓏ䛱⩻䛎䜑䛮䛣䛴䜎䛌䛰さ⣪䜈⩻䛎䜏䜒䜑
䛑䜈䛝䜒䛰䛊䛒䚮♼⤊හ⛁༈䛴❟ሔ䛑䜏⩻䛎䜑
䛮䚮Ἰ┘䛟䛿䛓Ⅴ䛮䛝䛬䛵䚮ⰶୌ䛒䛐䛣䜏䛕ᖺᑛ
᫤᭿䚮ᖳ㱃Ⓩ䛱᪡䛊᫤᭿䛑䜏኶᪺䛝䛬䛊䜑Ⅴ
䛒䛈䜑䠀
ᚃኮⓏ䛰኶᪺⩽䜊ᘽっ⩽䛒䛈䜐䛈䜐䛮䛝䛥ᖹ
っ䜘మ㥺䛟䜑 䛙䛮 䛵 䚮Charles Bonnet⑍ು⩄
(CBS)䛮䛝䛬╉⛁㡷ᇡ䛭䛵䜎䛕▩䜏䜒䛬䛊䜑⌟
㇗䛭䛈䜑10)䠀CBS䛵䜈䛮䜈䛮䚮ᚃኮⓏ኶᪺⩽䚮䛈
䜑䛊䛵ᘽっ⩽䛒మ㥺䛟䜑䛈䜐䛈䜐䛮䛝䛥ᖹっ䛭䚮
䛙䛴⌟㇗䛱㛭䛝䛬䛵䚮㎾ᖳᶭ⬗MRI䜊⬳⾉Ὦ
SPECT䚮PET➴䜘⏕䛊䛥◂✪䛒䛰䛛䜒䛬䛊䜑
10)11)
䠀䛣䛴⤎ᯕ䚮CBS䜘మ㥺୯䛴⿍㥺⩽䛭䛵䚮
ᚃ㢄ⴝ䛦䛗䛭䛰䛕䚮㢄㡤ⴝ䚮ᡝ᱀మ䜘ྱ䜆ഁ
㢄ⴝ䛴ୌ㒂䛴Ὡິᛮ䛒㧏䜄䛩䛬䛐䜐䚮䛙䜒䛒㩥
᪺䛰ᖹっమ㥺䛮㛭㏻䛝䛬䛊䜑䛮䛊䛌ㄕ䛒᭯ງ䛱
䛰䛩䛬䛓䛬䛊䜑 10)11)䠀䜄䛥䚮䛹䜄䜙ᛮLewyᑚమ
⑋(DLBD)䜊䚮Alzheimer⑋䛴ୌ㒂䚮㩥᪺䛰ᖹ
っ䜘ఔ䛌Parkinson⑍ು⩄䛰䛯䛭䜈ྜྷᵕ䛴ᡜぜ
䛒ぜ䜏䜒䜑䛙䛮䛑䜏䚮CBS䛮䚮DLBL䛴ᖹっ䛴භ
㏳ᛮ䛱䛪䛊䛬䜈㆗ㄵ䛛䜒䛬䛊䜑1)10)11)䠀
ṟᛍ䛰䛒䜏඙ኮᛮって㝸ᐐ⩽䛱䛐䛗䜑ኬ⬳
⓮㈻䛱䛐䛗䜑ᶭ⬗Ⓩฦᕱ䛒䛯䛴䜎䛌䛱䛰䛩䛬䛊
䜑䛑䚮䛈䜑䛊䛵඙ኮᛮって㝸ᐐ䛮⤣ྙ኶ㄢ⑍
䛴ྙె⩽䛴ᖹ⫀䚮㘊⫀మ㥺᫤䛴⬳ᶭ⬗䛱䛪䛊
䛬䛴レ⣵䛰᳠ゞ䛵䛙䜒䜄䛭䛱䛰䛛䜒䛬䛐䜏䛠䚮
CBSᝀ⩽䛒䛈䜐䛈䜐䛮䛝䛥ᖹっ䜘మ㥺䛟䜑䛴䛮
ྜྷ䛞䜎䛌䛰ᶭᗆ䛭䚮඙ኮᛮって㝸ᐐ⩽䛒ᖹ⫀
䜘మ㥺䛟䜑䛑䛯䛌䛑䛵䚮䛵䛩䛓䜐䛝䛬䛊䛰䛊䠀䛣
䛴ୌ᪁䛭䚮⢥♼⛁䜊╉⛁䛴ฦ㔕䛑䜏䚮඙ኮᛮ
って㝸ᐐ⩽䛵ゖḿྊ⬗䛰ᖹ⫀䜘మ㥺䛟䜑㢎
ᗐ䛒⤊㥺Ⓩ䛱ኣ䛕12)䚮䜄䛥඙ኮⓏ䛱኶᪺䛛䛡䛥
ᐁ㥺ິ∸䛴ሔྙ䚮ኬ⬳⓮㈻䛴ᶭ⬗䝢䝇䝘䝷䜴
䜘⾔䛌䛮䚮⫀て㔕䛒って㔕䛱䜄䛭ᗀ䛒䛩䛬䛊䜑
䛮䛊䛌ሒ࿈䛒䛈䛩䛥䜐13)14)䚮Parkinson⑋䛭ᖹて䜘
ᅒ 4 䚸⪝䛱⦷ᖈ䜘ᕬ䛊䛥⮤⏤ാ䚹(䝸䜥䝷䝿䜸䝇
䝟, 1889 ᖳ)䠀
䜸䞀䜲䝧䝷䛮䛴භྜྷ⏍Ὡ䛒䛌䜄䛕⾔䛑䛠䚮䜸䞀䜲
䝧䝷䛒㒂ᒁ䛑䜏ฝ䛬⾔䛙䛌䛮䛝䛥᫤䚮䜸䝇䝟䛵䝎䜨䝙
䛭⮤ฦ䛴⪝䜘ว䜐ཱི䜐䚮஦㐄㛣ᚃ䛣䛴㢴ㇲ䜘⮤⏤
ാ䛮䛝䛬ᥝ䛊䛥 20)䠀
ぜ䜑ெ䛮ぜ䛰䛊ெ䛮䛴㛣䛭䚮ってๆ⃥䛱ᑊ䛝䛬
ཬᚺ䛟䜑ኬ⬳⓮㈻䛴㡷ᇡ䛱㐢䛊䛒䛈䜑䛰䛯䛴
ሒ࿈䜈䛈䜐15)䚮䛙䛴㡷ᇡ䛱㛭䛝䛬䛵௑ᚃレ⣵䛱
᳠ゞ䛝䛬䜌䛑䛰䛗䜒䛶䛰䜏䛰䛊ㄚ㢗䛭䛈䜑䛮⩻
䛎䜏䜒䜑䠀
䛣䜒䛭䛵䚮䛙䛴リ䛴䜳䝭䜨䝢䝇䜳䜽䛭䛈䜑䚮ஷ
㟃䛱䜎䜑୦⪝䛴ว䜐ཱི䜐䛵䛯䛴䜎䛌䛱⩻䛎䜑䛿䛓
䛭䛈䜓䛌䛑䠀➱⩽䛵⢥♼⛁༈䛭䛵䛰䛊䛒䚮䝸䜥
䝷䝿䜸䝇䝟䛒⮤ฦ䛴⪝䜘ว䜐ཱི䛩䛬䛣䛴⮤⏤ാ
䜘ᥝ䛊䛥䛮䛊䛌ౚ䛒䛈䜑䜎䛌䛱䟺ᅒ 䠆䟻䚮䚸⪝䛰䛝
ⰶୌ䚹䛴ሔྙ䜈ୠ㛣䜈䛝䛕䛵ᗂ㆜⩽䛴ప⫃䛑䜏
Ἰ┘䜘㞗䜇䛥䛊䛮䛊䛌₧ᅹណㆉ䛱⏜ᮮ䛟䜑䚮ⰶ
ୌ䛱䜎䜑⮤ഭ⾔Ⅵ䛭䛵䛰䛊䛑䛮⩻䛎䛬䛊䜑䠀䛊
䛠䜒䛱䛡䜎䚮ⰶୌ䛴ዃᛱ䛰మ㥺䛵䛣䛴Ṝ䛯䛒
ᖹ⫀䜊㘊⫀䛱⏜ᮮ䛟䜑䜈䛴䛭䛈䜑䛙䛮䛵䚮Ἰ┘
䛟䛿䛓Ⅴ䛮⩻䛎䜏䜒䜑䠀
䜆 䛞 䛰 (Mujina)
䚸䜆䛞䛰䟺≷䟻䚹䛮䛊䛌リ䜈䚸䜓䛕䜓㤫䚹ྜྷᵕ䚮䝃䜨
䝌䝯䛮හᐖ䛮䛴㛣䛱ኣᑛ㐢࿰វ䜘て䛎䜑リ䛭䛈
䜑䠀䛙䜒䛱ฝ䛬䛕䜑ዺᛱ䛵䚮ᡜㅕ䚸䛴䛩䜀䜏ᆎ䚹䛮
࿣䛶䜒䜑䜈䛴䛭䚮䚸䜆䛞䛰䚹䛮䛊䛌ິ∸䛴ྞ๑䛭
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(4) : 429-434, 2006
64 : 432
tell you what she showed me!" . . .
"He! Was it anything like THIS that she
showed you?" cried the soba-man, stroking his
own face -- which therewith became like unto an
Egg. . . . And, simultaneously, the light went out.
䟺䚸㏛䛊䛵䛔䛞䜉䛰䛊䚮㏛䛊䛵䛔䛞䜉䛰䛊䠀䚹௭
ኮ䛝䛥ၛெ䛵ႉ䛔䛰䛒䜏➽䛎䛥䠀䚸ದ䛵䚮ದ䛵
ᇷ❻䛭ዥ䜘ぜ䛥䜙䛦䠀䛣䛊䛪䛵ದ䛱㢞䜘ぜ䛡
䛥䠀䛈䛈䚮䛙䜒௧୕ゕ䛎䛰䛊䠀䚹䚸䝜䝇䚮䛣䛊䛪䛵
䛙䜙䛰㢞䛦䛩䛥䜙䛞䜉䛰䛊䛑䛊䠀䚹እἵ䛓ⶻ㯇
ᒁ䛵䛣䛌ゕ䛩䛬⮤ฦ䛴㢞䜘䛰䛭䛥䠀ぜ䜑䛮䚮䛣
䛴㢞䛵༵䛴䜎䛌䛱䛪䜑䜐䛮䛝䛬䛊䛥䠀䠀䠀䠀ྜྷ᫤䛱
᪺䛑䜐䛒ᾐ䛎䛬䚮┷䛩ᬧ䛱䛰䛩䛬䛝䜄䛩䛥䠀䟻
ᅒ 5 ⴩㣥໪ᩢ䛴ᥝ䛊䛥䚸䜆䛞䛰䟺≷䟻䚹䠀
䛙䛴᫤௥䚮໪ᩢ䛭䜈≿䛮≷䜘䛛䜁䛯༇ื䛝䛬䛵ᥝ
䛑䛰䛑䛩䛥䟺䚸໪ᩢ₌⏤䚹19䟻䜎䜐䟻䠀
࿣䛼䛴䛵రᨶ䛑䛮䛊䛌␪ၡ䛒⏍䛞䜑䠀䚸䜆䛞䛰䚹
䛮䛵䚮ḿᘟ䛱䛵䚸≿䚹䛴㎾⦍䛭䛈䜑᪝ᮇ䜦䝎䜴䝢䚮
䛈䜑䛊䛵䝓䜳䝗䜻䝷䛴஥䜘ᣞ䛝䛬䛊䜑䜎䛌䛭䛈䜑
䛒䟺ᅒ 䠇䟻䚮Ờᡖ᫤௥䛱䛵䛙䜒䜏䛵䟺ິ∸ᏕⓏ
䛱䟻ཚᐠ䛱༇ื䛛䜒䛬䛊䛰䛑䛩䛥䜎䛌䛭䚮䚸≿䚹
䛒໩䛗䛬ெ䜘㥼䛟䜎䛌䛱䚮䚸䜆䛞䛰䚹䜈≶⊮䛱ெ
䜘㥼䛟䜈䛴䛮⩻䛎䜏䜒䛬䛊䛥䠀ᚉ䛩䛬䛙䛴᫤௥
䛱䛵䚮䚸䜆䛞䛰䚹䛒䚸䛴䛩䜀䜏ᆎ䚹䛱໩䛗䛬ၛெ䜘
㦣䛑䛝䛥䛮䛊䛌䛙䛮䛵䚮≁䛱ㄕ᪺䛝䛰䛕䛬䜈Ⰳ䛕
䜕䛑䛩䛥䛴䛭䛈䜓䛌䠀
"O-jochu! -- O-jochu! -- O-jochu!. . . Listen to
me, just for one little moment!. . . O-jochu! -O-jochu!". . . Then that O-jochu turned around,
and dropped her sleeve, and stroked her face with
her hand; -- and the man saw that she had no eyes
or nose or mouth,-- and he screamed and ran
away.
䟺䚸䛐ዥ୯䚮䛐ዥ୯䚮䛐ዥ୯䠀ᑛ䛝䛦䛗䛭䜈⚶
䛴ゕ䛌䛙䛮䜘⪲䛊䛬ୖ䛛䛊䠀䛐ዥ୯䚮䛐ዥ୯䠀䚹
䛟䜑䛮䚮䛣䛴ዥ୯䛵䛙䛧䜏䜘ᣲ䜐㏁䜐䚮⾿䜘䛐䜓
䛝䚮ᡥ䛭䛣䛴㢞䜘䛰䛭䛥䠀䛣䛴㢞䛱䛵┘䜈䚮㰧䜈䚮
ཾ䜈䛰䛑䛩䛥䠀௭ኮ䛝䛥ၛெ䛵྆䛹ኇ䜘୕䛘䛬
㏠䛘ฝ䛝䛥䠀䟻
"Not robbers, -- not robbers," gasped the
terrified man. . . . "I saw . . . I saw a woman -- by
the moat; -- and she showed me. . . Aa! I cannot
䛙䛴リ䛭䛵䚮஦ᗐ┘䛱䚸䛴䛩䜀䜏ᆎ䚹䜘ぜ䛥█
㛣䛱࿔ᅑ䛒┷䛩ᬧ䛱䛰䛩䛬䛝䜄䛊䚮リ䛒⤂䜕䛩
䛬䛊䜑䠀⌟ᅹ䛴䜎䛌䛰⾜⅁䜊䚮᪺䜑䛊↯᪺ჹර
䛴䛰䛊ᙔ᫤䚮᪝䛒ᬵ䜒䛬᭮䛴ฝ䛰䛊ᬄ䛱䛵䚮
䛣䜒䛙䛣㰧䜘䛪䜄䜄䜒䛬䜈䜕䛑䜏䛰䛊䜎䛌䛰㜄
እ䛱䛰䛩䛬䛝䜄䛌䠀䛣䛴䜎䛌䛰䚮って䚮⫀て䛰䛯
䛴វて䜘㐵᩷䛛䜒䛥≟Ἓ䛴୯䜘ᡥセ䛴⷟ᬧ䛊
ᥞ⅁䛴⅁䜐䛦䛗䜘䛥䜎䜐䛱ᘇ䚱䛮Ṅ䛓⤾䛗䜑䛮䚮
ெ䛱䜎䛩䛬䛵ത┸ᵕ≟ឺ(trance-like state)䛱䛐
䛧䛊䜐䚮᛬䛱て㓨ᗐ䛒ୖ䛒䛩䛬█㛣Ⓩ䛱╟┸
≟ឺ䛱䛰䛩䛬䛝䜄䛩䛥䜐䛟䜑஥䛒䛈䜑 6)16) 䠀䛙䜒
䛵ᚪ䛠䛝䜈⫏మⓏ␺ຘ䚮╟┸୘㊂䜊䚮䝎䝯䜷䝰
䝛䜻䞀䛴䜎䛌䛰╟┸㐛ኣ䛮䛵㛭౿䛝䛬䛐䜏䛠䚮
⌟௥䛭䛵䛙䛴䜎䛌䛰⌟㇗䛵䚸䝓䜨䜪䜫䞀ത┸⌟
㇗(highway hypnosis)䚹䛮࿣䛶䜒䛬䛐䜐䚮䛙䛴≟
ឺ䛴᫤䛱䛝䛶䛝䛶ᖹて䜊ᜄᝦវ䜘మ㥺䛟䜑䛙
䛮䛒䛈䜐䚮㌬䛴㐘㌹୯䛱⏍䛞䜑䛮㔔ኬ䛰ஹ㏳஥
ᨶ䛴ཋᅄ䛱䜈䛰䜑ኬ䛓䛰ၡ㢗䛭䛈䜑6)16)䠀䛙䛴≟
ឺ䛴᫤䛱మ㥺䛟䜑ᖹて䛵䚮᪝ᮇ䛭䛵䚸䝃䜳䜻䞀
䛱஋䜐㎲䜙䛭䛕䜑ᖻ㟃䚹17)䚮Ḛ⡷䛭䛵䚸ᾐ䛎䜑䝖䝇
䝅䝓䜨䜯䞀(vanishing hitchhiker)䚹18)䛮䛊䛌⌟㇗䛮
䛝䛬▩䜏䜒䛬䛐䜐䚮ୌ⛸䛴㒌ᕰఎㄕ䛮䛝䛬ㄊ䜐
⤽䛒䜒䜑䛙䛮䛒ኣ䛊 6)17䟻16)䠀
䚸䜆䛞䛰(Mujina)䚹䛱ฝ䛬䛕䜑䚸ၛெ䚹䛵䚮䛐䛣
䜏䛕ത┸≟ឺ䛱㝏䛩䛬ណㆉ䝰䝝䝯䛒఩ୖ䛝䛬䚮
䚸䛴䛩䜀䜏ᆎ䚹䛴ᖹて䜘ぜ䜑䛮ྜྷ᫤䛱Ẵ䜘኶䛩䛬
䛝䜄䛩䛥䛥䜇䛱䚮᛬䛱᪺䛑䜐䛒ᾐ䛎䛬䛝䜄䛩䛥䜎
䛌䛱វ䛞䛥䛴䛦䜓䛌䛒䚮䜈䛝䛙䛴䚸ၛெ䚹䛒䛣䛴㛣
⑙᨝Ⓠష䜘㉫䛙䛝䛬䛊䛥䛮䛟䜒䛶䚮ഁ㢄ⴝ䛬䜙
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(4) : 429-434, 2006
䛑䜙䛴䜎䛌䛰✲Ⓠᛮ䛴␏ᖏ䛒㉫䛙䛩䛥䛮䛊䛌䛙䛮
䜈䚮ྊ⬗ᛮ䛮䛝䛬䛵⩻䛎䜏䜒䜑䛦䜓䛌䠀
䛐㻃 䜕㻃 䜐㻃 䛱
௧୕䚮ᑚἠඳ㞴䛴䚸ᛱㄧ䚹䜘㢗ᮞ䛮䛝䛬䚮♼⤊
හ⛁ᏕⓏ䛰᳠ゞ䜘⾔䛩䛬䜅䛥䠀௑ᅂ䛙䛴షဗ
䜘ㄖ䜅├䛝䚮䜄䛥ཤ⩻ᩝ⊡䛮䛝䛬ᙔ᫤䛴஦ḗ㈠
ᩩ䛱䛈䛥䛩䛬䜅䛬វ䛞䛥䛙䛮䛵䚮ᙔ᫤䛴᪝ᮇெ
䛒୘ᛦ㆗䛱ᛦ䛩䛥⌟㇗䛈䜑䛊䛵మ㥺䜘䚮୘ᛦ
㆗䛮ᛦ䛊䛪䛪ḗ䚱䛮ㄊ䜐⤽䛊䛭䜌䛓䚮䛣䜒䜘ᑚ
ἠඳ㞴䛮䛊䛌షᐓ䛒䛓䛧䜙䛮オ㘋䛱ṟ䛝䛥䛙䛮
䛒䚮䛊䛑䛱ኬว䛰䛙䛮䛭䛈䜑䛑䛮䛊䛌䛙䛮䛭䛈䜑䠀
䛙䛴䜎䛌䛰䟺ฝᮮ䜑⠂ᅑහ䛭䛴䟻ḿ☔䛰オ㘋䜘䛮
䜓䛌䛮䛊䛌ጶເ䛵䚮ื䛱ᑚἠඳ㞴䛒こὊெ䛭䚮
᪝ᮇ䛴ᩝ໩䛱῕䛕ല಻䛝䛬䛊䛥䛑䜏ྊ⬗䛭䛈䛩
䛥䛮ゕ䛌䜕䛗䛭䛵䛰䛕䚮ཤ⩻ᩝ⊡䛮䛝䛬ᣪ䛘䛥
䚸⏝Ꮔእリ䚹䛴ⴥ⩽ᮿ὾㟴ᒜ䛰䛯䛱䜈ぜ䜏䜒䜑
䛙䛮䛒⮾࿝῕䛊䠀䚸ᛱㄧ(Kwaidan)䚹䛵䚮䛥䜄䛥䜄
ᑚἠඳ㞴䛒ⱝᩝ䛭ᗀ䛕Ⓠಘ䛝䛥䛥䜇䛱ୠ⏲Ⓩ
䛱᭯ྞ䛱䛰䛩䛥䛒䚮ᪿ䛴᪝ᮇெ䛴୯䛱䜈䛙䛴䜎
䛌䛰オ㘋䛴⢥♼䛒᰷௛䛊䛬䛊䛥䛙䛮䛵䚮₆Ꮥ䛴
▩ㆉ䛰䛯䜘䛝䛩䛑䜐䛮㌗䛱䛪䛗䛥ᙔ᫤䛴ᩅ㣬ெ
䛴ጶເ䛮䛝䛬䚮ᑕᩏ䛱ೋ䛟䜑䜈䛴䛭䛈䜑䠀
⌟௥ெ䛵䚸Ờᡖ᫤௥䚹䛮䛊䛌䛮㏖ಘ䛒䛵䛹䛙䜐䚮
㎾௥⛁ᏕⓏ䛰᳠ッ䛰䛯䛵ᅏ㞬䛭䛈䛩䛥᫤௥䛮
ᛦ䛊䛙䜆䛙䛮䛒ኣ䛊䠀䛝䛑䛝䚮ᐁ㝷䛴⮣ᗃ䛴ሔ
䛭䜈䛣䛌䛭䛈䜑䛒䚮ㄕ᪺୘⬗䛰⑍≟䚮ᚡು䛰䛯
䜘ヾ䜇䛥ሔྙ䛱䛵䚮ᑑᮮよᯊྊ⬗䛱䛰䛩䛥᫤
䛴㈠ᩩ䛮䛝䛬ᥞ౩䛟䜑䛥䜇䚮ฝᮮ䜑䛦䛗ḿ☔䛰
஥ᐁ䛴オ㍍䜘⾔䛌䛮䛊䛌䛙䛮䛒䛊䛑䛱㔔さ䛭䛈
䜑䛑䛮䛊䛌䛙䛮䛵䚮ᙔ᫤䜈⌟ᅹ䜈ን䜕䜐䛰䛊䛭䛈
䜓䛌䠀䛣䛌䛊䛌Ⅴ䛑䜏ゕ䛎䛶䚮䚸ᛱㄧ(Kwaidan)䚹
䛱䛵䚮୘ᛦ㆗䛰⌟㇗䛴オ㘋䛮䛊䛌䛙䛮䛭䚮⌟௥
䛴⛁Ꮥ⩽䜊⮣ᗃ༈䛴ᚨᵋ䛎䛱㏳䛞䜑Ⅴ䜈䛈䜑䛮
ゕ䛎䜎䛌䠀
✇䜘⤂䛎䜑䛱䛈䛥䜐䚮って㝸ᐐ⩽䛴మ㥺䛟䜑ᖹて
䛱㛭䛝䛬䛊䜓䛊䜓䛮䛐ᩅ䛎䛊䛥䛦䛊䛥䚮஁⏻⡷ኬᏕ㻃
⢥♼⛁㻃 ᑚ㊪⣟ኰ඙⏍䚮ᅧ⏛⑋㝌㻃 ⢥♼⛁㻃 ㄬᒜ༡
஄඙⏍䛱῕ㅨ䛊䛥䛝䜄䛟䠀䛰䛐䚮ᮇᩝ୯䛱ᘤ⏕䛝䛥
ᑚἠඳ㞴䛴ཋᩝ䛵䚮ධ䛬↻ᮇኬᏕ䛴䚸䝭䝙䜯䝋䜧䜮䝿
䝓䞀䝷ⴥ᭡䝋䞀䝃䝝䞀䜽
(http://js.lib.kumamoto-u.ac.jp/~elib/khearn.html)䚹䛑䜏
ᘤ⏕䛛䛡䛬䛊䛥䛦䛓䜄䛝䛥䠀
64 : 433
ᩝ㻃 㻃 㻃 ⊡
6) ୯ᮟᕵ᪺䠀ᛱㄧ䛴⛁Ꮥ. 䝚䝯䞀䝔䝇䜳䜽. ᮶
ா: ㅦㄧ♣ ; 1988. p.14-133.
7) ཿㆺ༡࿰. 䜬䝇䜿䞀䛱オ㍍䛛䜒䛬䛊䜑ᛱㄧ
リ䛮♼⤊හ⛁⑄ᝀ䛮䛴㛭㏻. ♼⤊හ⛁.
2003; 58: 419-22.
8) Cheyne JA, Newby-Clark IR, Rueffer SD.
Relations
among
hypnagogic
and
hypnopompic experiences associated with
sleep paralysis. J Sleep Res. 1999 ; 8(4) :
313-7.
9) Cheyne JA, Rueffer SD, Newby-Clark IR.
Hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations
during sleep paralysis: neurological and
cultural construction of the night-mare.
Conscious Cogn. 1999 ; 8(3) : 319-37.
10) Diederich NJ, Goetz CG, Stebbins GT.
Repeated visual hallucinations in Parkinson’s
disease as disturbed external/internal
perceptions: focused review and a new
integrative model. Mov Disord 2005 ; 20 :
130–40.
11) Terao T, Collinson S. Charles Bonnet
syndrome and dementia. Lancet 2000 ; 355 :
2168.
12) ඙ኮᛮって㝸ᐐ⩽䛮ᖹ⫀ (⚶ಘ)
13) Rauschecker JP, Korte M. Auditory
compensation for early blindness in cat
cerebral cortex. J Neurosci 1993 ; 13(10) :
4538-48.
14) Elbert T, Sterr A, Rockstroh B et al.
Expansion of the tonotopic area in the
auditory cortex of the blind. J Neurosci
2002 ; 22(22) : 9941-4.
15) Stebbins GT, Goetz CG, Carrillo MC et al.
Altered cortical visual processing in PD with
hallucinations: An fMRI study. Neurology
2004 ; 63(8) : 1409-16.
16) Sagberg F. Road accidents caused by drivers
falling asleep. Accid Anal Prev 1999 ; 31 :
639-49.
17) ௑㔕ᅨ㍔䠀᪝ᮇᛱㄧ㞗㻃 ᖻ㟃⠅䠀⌟௥ᩅ㣬
ᩝᗔ䚮᮶ா:♣ఌᛦ᝷♣; 1975. p. 232-55.
♼⤊හ⛁, 64(4) : 429-434, 2006
64 : 434
18) Brunvand JH. The vanishing hitchhiker.
American urban legends and their meanings.
W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., New York, 1981
䛀ኬ᭮㝧ᐰ䚮Ⳛㆺ⿩Ꮔ䚮㔔ಘᖶᙢ䝿ゼ. ᾐ䛎
䜑䝖䝇䝅䝓䜨䜯䞀.㻃 㒌ᕰ䛴᝷ാງ䛴䜦䝥䝮䜯.
᮶ா : ᩺ᐙ᭡ᡛ ; 1988. p. 19-79.䛁
19) ⴩㣥໪ᩢ. ໪ᩢ₌⏤ ୔. Ễ⏛⏍ិ㻃┐ಞ. ᮶
ா : ᒷᓧ⨶⾙♣ ; 1987. p. 92-220
20) Walther IF. Vincent van Gogh. West
Germany: Benedikt Taschen Verlag GmbH
& Co, Köln ; 1987. p. 58-9.
<Abstract>
Tales of “Kwaidan” by Lafcadio Hearn and
neurological disorders
by
Hirokazu FURUYA, M.D., Ph.D.
from
Department of Neurology, Neuro-Muscular
Centre, National Omuta Hospital, Fukuoka
837-0911, Japan
Lafcadio Hearan wrote many tales of the
supernatural records based on the old Japanese
folklore. ‘Kwaidan’ is his last, the most famous
work originally published in 1904, in which there
are several stories probably related to
neurological disorders.
‘Rokuro-Kubi’ is the tale of monstrous creature,
of which the head is floating in the air. However,
in traditional folklore of Japan, ‘Rokuro-Kubi’ is
the monster of which neck lengthen tremendously.
The former may be some personal experience
like the hypnagogic hallucination, and the latter
may be related to the cenesthesic hallucination
rarely experienced in the patient of classical
migraine. ‘Jiki-jin-ki’ looks like the tale of
hypnagogic hallucination and ‘The Story of
Mimi-Nashi-Hoichi’ may be one of the auditory
hallucination experienced with the patient of
congenital blindness similar to Charles-Bonnet
syndrome. ‘Mujina’ looks like the experience of
‘highway hypnosis’ or ‘temporal lobe epilepsy’.
Each of tales contains much truth for the
importance of observation and recording of the
symptoms, which is unable to explain at that age.
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