Fundamental attribution error,
page 724
• Intro: when we try to explain someone, we
are making an attribution
• In explaining someone’s behavior
• We often discount the effect of the
situation and…
• Overestimate personality factors
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Kitty Genovese murder, p. 765
• a.
bystander intervention
• Witnesses failed to assume
personal responsibility
• b.
bystander effect
• less likely to give aid when
others present
http://streetlights.tripod.com/queens/kitty-genovese-small.jpg
http://www.aftonbladet.se
http://www.cnn.com
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Stimulus Generalization, 320
Tendency to respond to
stimuli similar to the CS is
called generalization.
•Later in the study
anything furry and
white scared Al
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Reinforcers are used to increase a
behavior, see page 329
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Punishment, 332
An aversive event that decreases the behavior
it follows.
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Preschoolers, although
still egocentric, develop
the ability to
understand another’s
beliefs or mental state
when they begin
forming a theory of
mind.
The problem on the
right probes such
ability in children.
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