Some random samples covering
some items covered so far this
semester
The law that states that at twice the distance from
a subject, artificial lights provide only
one-fourth their original level of
illumination
Inverse square law
The usual term referring to a self
contained TV news story in which the
reporter tells
the entire story, including such
elements as sound bites, b-roll, and voiceovers.
package
A TV news story that contains b-roll and a
sound bite, and in which the news content
is read by the anchor live on the air.
VO-SOT
The ---- shot shows the view as
seen through the subject’s eyes
Subjective / POV
Several shots of action done by the photojournalist, in
which shots vary from LS to MS
to CU, and that replicate how a viewer would break
down the action if (s)he were at the
scene is called shooting ---
sequences
Lighting a scene with a single light that produces
uninteresting pictures with little sense
of depth or modeling is called --- lighting
flat
When editing shots from a single camera
set-up, it is possible for the editor to
produce matched action on the screen
only if the photographer in the field has
shot ---- action.
overlapping
Accent or separation light in
a 3-point lighting set-up is the
--- light
Back
A highly directional light
coming from above and behind
a subject, adding highlights,
shape, and separation
from the background.
backlight
18-- The three parts of three-point lighting
Key, fill , and back
19-- In normal shooting, each eye normally
contains one highlight, called ------. When lights
are properly placed, the subject’s eye’s normally
contain how many?
Catchlights / two (one in
each eye)
The three more dominant brand names of
nonlinear video editing systems
Avid, Final Cut Pro,
Premiere
A rectangular floodlight.
Broad (or) pan
The brand name of the classic controlled-beam
spotlight; A light with a well-defined lens; the
beam width is varied as the bulb is moved toward
and away from the lens.
Fresnel
The relationship of the
brightest area to the darkest
area in a given camera shot, as
determined by
reflected light readings.
contrast ratio
Inside the modern TV camera, the ---- is the
solid-state chip that converts reflected light into
electrical signals
Charge-coupled device
(CCD), or CMOS
Whenever you compose a shot in the viewfinder, you
must allow for TV -----, in which home TV screens clip
off the edges of the transmitted image
Cut-off
We called it ------ video when referring to
too many photographers around the
country who ‘shoot everything that
moves’ with little regard to story line or
subject matter.
Rambo
If, while a shot is being made,
you shift the focus from one
subject to another (such as
from a foreground to a
background subject), the effect
is called a ----- focus
rack
A thin translucent, colored
material such as gelatin or
plastic that can be mounted in
front of lighting instruments to
produce specific color effects.
gel
What technique should we follow in composing
shots in which we mentally divide the viewfinder
horizontally and vertically and place subjects or
interest-catching features at points where these
lines intersect.
Rule of thirds
Visuals of a news story that
should have nat sound but which
are used as cut-ins,
cutaways and inserts
B-roll
The most commonly used device to
eliminate jump cuts is the ----------, a shot
of some part of the peripheral action that
diverts the viewer’s eye for a moment.
cutaway
A camera filter that reduces the amount of light
hitting the charge-coupled device without
affecting the color temperature.
neutral density
The scale of measurement used
to measure frequencies so that
color temperature can be
determined.
Kelvin
The color temperature of TV
studio lights is ---3,200 degrees Kelvin
If a camera is set to shoot outdoors but is used
indoors the video will be ----; if set for indoors
but used outdoors, the video will be ---Red/orange ; blue
Writing down what is on a videotape,
including the content of each shot, the
inpoints and outpoints, and
comments about the quality of the shot;
when you log only the shots you will use
you are make an ----
Logging / EDL
Current, breaking news is most
clearly defined in television as
spot news
A tungsten floodlight that
contains a single bulb in a
bowl-shaped metal reflector.
scoop
Our text says a good reporter doing a
newsgathering interview should ask questions the
------ would ask.
viewer
The effect created when direct light throws strong
highlights and distinct shadows
Specular light
The opening sentence of a
news story is best defined as
the
lead
The term for the reporter’s live intro and close to
a prerecorded segment, such as a package
Lead-in
A distinct visual jump called the ---- cut
occurs if the camera is allowed to
remain on the same axis line from one
shot to the next, typically seen when
shooting a WS followed by a MS without
moving the camera off the original axis
line.
See text -- it’s not a
jump cut
When shooting video for a news story, if a
subject moves screen left in the first shot,
then (s)he must move left in all other shots or
the result will be a _____.
False reverse
Rapid montage cutting is also
known as _______ cutting
See editing chapter
When you arrive at a news conference, the
book suggests you place ------- where you
want the subject who will be speaking
to stand, suggesting that ‘it’s like bait.’
See audio chapter
In editing, ------ occur when a shot ends and its
accompanying sound ends, only to be
replaced at the splice line by a new picture with new
sound
Cold cuts
The text says most of the individual shots in a
typical TV news story average --- to --seconds
4/7
What are you told to shoot first upon arriving at
the scene of a story?
Perishable (fleeting)
video
A proven method to heighten the viewer’s
sense of involvement in your story is to
shoot matched-action ________, such
as when showing a child boarding a bus,
shooting close-ups of her face, hands,
etc., shots of the bus driver, the bus door
opening, the father waving good-bye,
the bus pulling away, etc.
See text
The book’s author says what part of the news
story should be so strong that nothing
else can top it, and that, ideally, the moment
the reporter arrives on the scene, (s)he
should begin looking for a shot for it?
The close
Combined with a master shot, typical --- shots
include the close-up or insert shot,
reaction shot, and point of view shot
Pick -up / cut-in
Even when photographing with a single camera, a
photographer can produce shots that
can be edited together in matched action
provided that (s)he also shoots --- action
Overlapping
The shot that is often called ‘the pan with a
purpose.’
Moving (follow)
shot
A ----- is the little box imprinted with the
station’s logo that is attached to hand-held
mic used by reporters in TV
See audio chapter
What device made of acoustic
foam is attached to the outside
of a mic to reduce wind
noise?
See audio chapter
A ______-pass (or high-cut)
filter may be used to diminish
wind noise outdoors.
See audio chapter
Whenever you record sound in the field,
you should record some ------- tone or
ambient noise for the editor so that
gaps of silence will not occur in the story.
See audio chapter
What does our text say is the ‘most
important interview question’?
See interviewing
chapter
When conducting interviews
for people stories, ‘don’t
interview people’ (but instead):
(see interviewing
chapter)
The type of news story that is
‘about it / them’ rather than
about an event taking place:
See class notes
Sound bites in TV news stories
should always be framed and
shot in the ---- point of view.
See class notes
According to John DeTarsio, while a news
story is told by the action—whether it’s a
death or murder scene or whatever, it’s
the _______ that makes the story
memorable.
reaction
Civic Journalism suggests interviewing
people in the middle on a story—the third
voices—which will bring less heat and
more ------ to your story, and instead of
conflict we should look for the ----.
Light / friction –
also review
related notes
about ‘civic
engagement’
PIO stands for
Public
Information
Officer (in early
video, Greg
Liggins was
referred to one)
In the 5-part video series about TV news,
Bruce Land said one type of newsroom is
------ driven, while the other is ----driven, as far as what stories are covered
and how.
See notes -- or
videos are on Edit
Station A or E
What did Linda Ellerbee say is
‘the absence of a question?’ in
one of our early 5-part videos?
See your notes -or videos are on
Edit Station A
‘The wire’ refers to primarily
what U.S.-based cooperative
news service?
Associated Press
VNR stands for --- is produced by
what kind of organization and/or
for what purpose?
Video news
release / PR firm
for free publicity
Having a ‘nat pop’ inside a
story is best as an example of
which visual storytelling
guideline?
See the textbook
The name for the type of lead
that delays the climax, or
essence of the news, until the
very end of the story.
See in-class
handout -- and
see other types of
leads for similar
test questions
If you have S/Bill on the video
side of a TV script, the S/ is
indicating that -----
See textbook -this is a sample
from the ‘script’
chapter
A high concentration of journalists from
competing news organizations jammed into
an area, each concerned primarily with his
or her own interests.
See textbook
One of the ‘elements of
news’—it says news is what
happens to important people,
places or things.
See early class
notes and review
other ‘elements of
news’
An interview segment or sound
from an event that is used as
reaction and comment
content in a TV news story.
Sound bite
One of the natural
consequences of editing is to
convert ---- time to ---- time.
See editing
chapter
In sound as a transitional device, this
technique allows incoming sound to be
heard for a moment or two before the
accompanying shot appears on-screen.
See editing
chapter
What two ways does the text
say to monitor audio levels?
See audio chapter
ENG stands for
See textbook
A news videographer who gets run over while
shooting in the middle of the road during a
bicycle race has been careless while doing which
of the ‘shooting tips’ discussed in our text?
See the text
One of the first rules for
writing television news is to
reference your ------.
video
Before you can tell a story, you must
decide the -----, which is
a simple, vivid, declarative sentence
expressing the heart and soul of the story
as it will appear on air.
See the text
See the course outline

These are some
samples of some of the
content covered in the
chapters from the
beginning of the
semester thru the midterm. Anything else
covered could be on
the exam.