Maps for Marine Litter
(MicroLitter & Seabed Litter)
and Beach Litter
European Commission
Morgan Le Moigne, François Galgani – Ifremer
Loïk Kerambrun, CEDRE
May 15-19th 2017
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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Plan
• Marine Litter Main Origins & localisations
• D10 – Marine Litter in MSFD
• D10 - Monitoring Programmes
• Seabed Litter, Beach Litter, Microplastics :
May 15th -19th, 2017

Protocol(s)

Item List (s)

Maps examples
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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Marine Litter Main Origins & localisations
Terrestrial origin
80%
15 % on Seasurface
Maritim origin 20%
Source : http://Onml.fr
May 15th -19th, 2017
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D10 – Marine Litter in MSFD
‘‘Properties and quantities of marine litter do not cause harm to
the coastal and marine environment’’ - TSG-ML
– D10C1 (primary): abundance, spatial distribution and
qualitative composition of litter on the shore, in the water
column, at sea surface and on the seafloor
– D10C2 (primary): abundance, spatial distribution and
qualitative composition of micro litter on the shore, at sea
surface and in seafloor sediment
– D10C3 (secondary): Trends in the amount and composition
of litter ingested by marine mammals
– D10C4 (secondary) : Entanglement by fauna
May 15th -19th, 2017
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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D10 - Monitoring Programmes
Seabed Litter
Floating Litter
Macrolitter
Fish Bottom Trawl
Surveys
Microlitter
Manta trawl (EVHOE 2015)
Microlitter sample (EVHOE 2015)
Mattress (EVHOE 2015)
May 15th -19th, 2017
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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D10 - Monitoring Programmes
Beach Litter
Litter ingested
Entanglement
Macrolitter
Jan van Franeker, IMARES
Rhodes, 2016
Microlitter
Rhodes, 2016
May 15th -19th, 2017
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D10 - Monitoring Programmes
• ML size ranges in monitoring programmes
Lippiatt et al. 2013
May 15th -19th, 2017
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SEABED LITTER
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Seabed Litter
TG-ML Protocol
Fish bottom trawl surveys
Trawling
End
Trawling
start
1 - Ship sorting room
2 - Sort and weight
3 - Counting & size
May 15th -19th, 2017
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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Seabed Litter
Protocol
• OSPAR area  IBTS protocol based on ICES
survey protocols :
– Different Trawlers : GOV (BalticSea, North
Sea, English Channel, North Bay of Biscay)
and Bak (Portugal& Spain)
– “IBTS” List
• Mediterranean area  MEDITS protocol
– Trawler used : GOC
– “MEDITS” List
May 15th -19th, 2017
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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Seabed Litter
Protocol
OSPAR, IA, 2017
MEDITS sampling
Scheme (GCFM areas)
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Seabed Litter
List of Categories & items
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Seabed Litter
IBTS&MEDITS Lists vs Master List TSG-ML
OSPA
RCode
UNEPGeneral Name
Code
Level 1 - Materials
Seafloor
TSG_ML
Master List of Categories of Litter Items - Seafloor
DCSMM/ DCSMM/
IBTS
MEDITS
2016
2017
PL07
Bags
Artificial polymer materials
x
A3
L1a
G160
G6
4
PL02
Bottles
Artificial polymer materials
x
A1
L1b
G170
G10
6
PL06
Food containers incl. fast food containers
Artificial polymer materials
x
L1c
G173
G18
13
PL13
Crates and containers / baskets
Artificial polymer materials
x
A11
L1e
G175
PL01
Plastic caps and lids
Artificial polymer materials
x
A4
L1e
G176
PL11
Cigarette butts and filters
Artificial polymer materials
x
PL09
Gloves
Artificial polymer materials
x
PL20
Synthetic rope
Fishing net
Artificial polymer materials
Artificial polymer materials
x
x
A7
A8
L1i
L1f
PL18
Fishing line (entangled)
Artificial polymer materials
x
Fishing line/monofilament (angling)
Other fishing related
Artificial polymer materials
Artificial polymer materials
x
x
A6
A5
L1g
L1g
G187
PL18
G193
Car parts / batteries
L1h
G194
G2
G20
G27
64
G39
G48
G51
G55
69
WD04 Pallets
Processed/worked wood
x
Processed/worked wood
x
E1
WD06 Other (specify)
Processed/worked wood
x
E5 ?
78
ME03 Cans (beverage)
Metal
x
B2
L3a
82
ME04 Cans (food)
Metal
x
B1
L3b
G180
79
ME10 Appliances (refrigerators, washers, etc.)
Metal
x
B5
G182
80
ME07 Fishing related (weights, sinkers, lures, hooks) Metal
x
Wood (processed)
G185
Middle size containers
84
E4
B3
Metal
x
Metal
x
B4
Metal
x
B6
Cables
Metal
x
B7
ME05 Drums, e.g.oil
35
G66
39
PL21
Strapping bands
Artificial polymer materials
x
A10
L1i
G196
Large metallic objects
Metal
x
G67
40
PL16
Sheets, industrial packaging, plastic sheeting
Artificial polymer materials
x
A2
L1d
G197
Other (metal)
Metal
x
B8
Cable ties
Artificial polymer materials
x
A9
G95
98
OT02 Cotton bud sticks
Artificial polymer materials
x
G96
99
OT02 Sanitary towels/panty liners/backing strips
Artificial polymer materials
x
A13
OT02 Diapers/nappies
Artificial polymer materials
x
A12
PL12
Syringes/needles
Artificial polymer materials
x
G98
G200
Bottles incl. pieces
Glass/ceramics
x
D2
GC02
Jars incl. pieces
Glass/ceramics
x
D1
L4c
L5d
G208
GC07
Glass or ceramic fragments >2.5cm
Glass/ceramics
x
D3
L4b
L5d
G209
Large glass objects (specify)
Glass/ceramics
x
D3
L4d
L5d
G210
Other glass items
Glass/ceramics
x
D4
G124
48
PL24
Other plastic/polystyrene items (identifiable)
Artificial polymer materials
x
A14
G125
49
RB01
Balloons and balloon sticks
Rubber
x
C2
G127
50
Rubber boots
Rubber
x
C1
G128
52
RB04
Tyres and belts
Rubber
x
C4
Bobbins (fishing)
Rubber
x
C3
G133
97
RB07
Condoms (incl. packaging)
Rubber
x
G134
53
RB08
Other rubber pieces
Rubber
x
C5+C6
L2b
CL01
Shoes
Cloth/textile
x
F2
L5a
F1
L5a
E2
L5c
E3
L7
G136
L2a
Clothing / rags (clothing, hats, towels)
Cloth/textile
x
G141
55
CL05
Carpet & Furnishing
Cloth/textile
x
CL04
Rope, string and nets
Cloth/textile
x
59
CL06
Other textiles (incl. rags)
Cloth/textile
x
Paper/Cardboard
Paper/Cardboard
x
G148
61
PC02
Cardboard (boxes & fragments)
Paper/Cardboard
x
L7
G158
67
PC05
Other paper items
Paper/Cardboard
x
L7
May 15th -19th, 2017
Remnant from the war
Other (specify)
Unspecified
L4a
L8
F3
No Litter
metal
L9
L0
L3g
L1j?
CL01
G146
GC08
Not in the TSG-ML
54
G145
96
L1j
G137
G142
L3d
GC02
104
G132
L3e
G201
G99
91
L3f
L3c
G59
G61
G93
L6
• How to create Maps ?
– Using the Master List?
– Keeping different lists ?
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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Seabed Litter
Maps examples
• Galgani et al, MSFD - IA – 2012
 Density
Nb/ha
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Seabed Litter
Maps examples
• Seabed distribution
of marine debris in
the greater North Sea
collected during a
routine ground-fish
survey by the
Netherlands, for
fisheries
management
purposes. Much of
the debris found in
this region can be
attributed to fisheries
(IMARES).
May 15th -19th, 2017
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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Seabed Litter
Maps examples
• Galgani et al, 2000
 Isoconcentration curves
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Seabed Litter
Maps examples
• C. Ioakeimidis et al. (2014)
 Density
Items/km²
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Seabed Litter
Maps examples
• OSPAR – Intermediate Assessment - 2017
Map of smoothed total counts (A) and smoothed plastics counts (B) in OSPAR
region II, III and the northern part of region IV (portugal and Spain excluded)
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Seabed Litter
Maps examples
• M. Moriarty et al.(2015)
 Interpolated
distribution map of
Litter
= Probability of
encountering litter
within the survey
area, based on
presence/absence
data
May 15th -19th, 2017
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BEACH LITTER
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Survey from water edge to the back of beach.
(Source: OSPAR, Commission, 2010a.)
Beach Litter
Protocol = OSPAR Guidelines
1 beach
Survey form
4 times / year
Mandatory
(TSG-ML, 2013)
100 m area :
All Litter collected
Quadrats :
Collection
Microplastics
Collection
2018
Identification
Identification
Counts of items - Mandatory
Weight or Volume – non mandatory
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Beach Litter
Protocol = OSPAR Guidelines
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Beach Litter
OSPAR List vs Master List TSG-ML
OSPAR : 12 classes
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
TSG10 : 9 classes
Plastic / Polystyrène (54 items)
Artificial polymer materials (92 items)
Rubber (4 items)
Rubber (10 items)
Paper / Cardboard (10 items)
Cloth (5 items)
Cloth / textile (9 items)
Paper / Cardboard (9 items)
Wood (processed / worked) (11 items)
Wood (machined) (9 items)
Metal (21 items)
Metal (15 items)
Glass / ceramics (10 items)
Glass (3 items)
Other (3 items)
Pottery / Ceramics (3 items)
Sanitary waste (6 items)
Microparticle (Artificial polymer mat.)
Medical waste (3 items)
Faeces (1 item)
Other pollutants (2 items) OSPAR: 121 items
TSG: 166 items (+ mP)
Source: L. Kerambrun - Cedre
May 15th -19th, 2017
EMODnet Chemistry - Kick off Meeting - Trieste
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Beach Litter
Maps examples
• MSFD - Initial Status 2011 – France - SRM Manche Mer du Nord
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Beach Litter
Maps examples
• Litterbase - AWI
May 15th -19th, 2017
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Beach Litter
Maps examples
• S.E. Nelms et al. 2017
May 15th -19th, 2017
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MICROLITTER
May 15th -19th, 2017
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MICROLITTER
Protocol
• Manta/Bongo trawling
• Implemented:
– During Fish bottom trawl
surveys
– During specific surveys by
NGOs, Associations
May 15th -19th, 2017
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MICROLITTER
Protocol
1 - Sample decantation
2- Sifting
3 - Sorting of samples by size class
4 – Counting
binocular loupe
5 – Drying
&
Weighing with
precision
balance
May 15th -19th, 2017
O. Gerigny, Ifremer LER/PAC
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MICROLITTER
TG-ML List
EMODnet addings
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MICROLITTER
Maps examples
• Galgani et al., 2012 – MSFD Initial Assessment
1 survey in 2010
 Density
Number/km²
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MICROLITTER
Maps examples
• Galgani et al., 2012 – MSFD Initial Assessment
1 survey in 2010
 Density
Weight/km²
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MICROLITTER
Maps examples
• J. Gago et al., 2015
 Density
Particules/ha
May 15th -19th, 2017
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• F. Faure et al., 2015 (1)
MICROLITTER
Maps examples
 Density
Particules/km²
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• F. Faure et al., 2015 (2)
MICROLITTER
Maps examples
 Distribution of
microplastic types
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• Eriksen et al., 2014
May 15th -19th, 2017
MICROLITTER
Maps examples
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• Van Der Meulen et al., 2015
May 15th -19th, 2017
MICROLITTER
Maps examples
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Thank you for your attention
May 15th -19th, 2017
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