Name:
Key
Period:
Biology: Common Assessment #2 Test Review
Biomolecules/Cells and their Environment
(This review sheet is worth 5 bonus points added to your test. It must be COMPLETE and
turned in at the designated time in order to receive the points)
Biomolecules (you have biomolecule notes, McMush Lab, enzyme notes, and Jell-O lab)
1. What are the 4 classes of biomolecules?
a. proteins
b. lipids
c. carbohydrates
d. nucleic acids
2. Of the 4 classes above, which class do enzymes belong to?
proteins
3. What is the function of:
a. carbohydrates- energy
b. lipids- energy storage, insulation
c. proteins- enzymes, muscle fibers, etc..
d. nucleic acids- storage of genetic info
4. What are the building blocks of the following macromolecules:
a. carbohydrates- monosaccharides (glucose)
b. lipids- fatty acids and glycerol
c. proteins- amino acids
d. nucleic acids- nucleotides
5. What are disaccharides made from?
2 monosaccharides joining together
6. What is a monomer?
one basic unit
7. What is a polymer?
many repeating monomers
X= reactant
Y=enzyme
Z=product
I = attachment
II = enzyme action
III = breakdown of substrates into products
8. In the enzyme-substrate complex above, label X, Y, and Z using the following word bank:
enzyme
reactant
products
9. In the enzyme-substrate complex, describe what’s happening at steps I, II, and III using the
following word bank:attachment breakdown of substrates into products enzyme
action
10. Lugol’s Iodine indicates the presence of ________starch__________.
11. Benedict’s solution indicates the presence of ______glucose/monosaccharide_____.
12. Biuret solution indicates the presence of _________protein_________________.
Cell Parts (you have the webquest, table you did in computer lab, graded quiz)
1.What is the MAIN difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote?
prokaryotes DO NOT have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles; eukaryotes do.
2. If a cell does not have a nucleus, do you think it will have a nuclear membrane?
It will not have a nuclear membrane
3. What is the smallest, simplest collection of matter that exhibits the traits of life?
Cell
4. What is the MAIN function of the cell membrane?
regulate movement of molecules into and out of the cell
5. What are 4 things that prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
DNA (genetic material), cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
6. Which part of the cell membrane pictured contains a hydrophilic phosphate head and a
hydrophobic lipid tail?
3
Cells and their Environment (you have cell transport notes and Osmosis Egg Lab)
1. Explain what’s happening in the above diagram.
Molecules are moving across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to lower
concentration. Notice the word cytoplasm at the bottom of the diagram....molecules are moving
INTO the cell. This is known as a type of passive transport called facilitated diffusion. No
energy is required b/c molecules are moving with the concentration gradient.
2. What does semi-permeable/selectively permeable mean?
only some things are allowed to pass through
The diagram above illustrates a process similar to the egg lab. There is a selectively permeable
membrane between Side I and Side II.
3. Which side has a higher concentration of solute molecules?
side II
4. Which side has a higher concentration of water molecules?
side I
5. Through the process of osmosis, water should move across the membrane from side _I___
to side __II____.
6. On which side of the membrane is the volume increasing? side II
Which type of solution causes a volume to increase? (hypertonic/hypotonic)
7. On which side of the membrane is the volume decreasing? side I
Which type of solution causes the volume to decrease? (hypertonic/hypotonic)
8. What is passive transport? Are molecules moving with the concentration gradient or against
it? passive transport is the transport of molecules across a membrane that does NOT require
energy from the cell. Molecules are moving with the concentration gradient (from high to low
concentration)
9. Give 3 examples of passive transport?
osmosis, diffusion, facilitate diffusion
10. What is active transport? Are molecules moving with the concentration gradient or against
it? active transport is the transport of molecules across a membrane that requires ENERGY
from the cell. Molecules are moving against the concentration gradient (from low to high
concentration)
Review of past information
1. What is a control group? doesn’t receive treatment; used for comparison
2. What is an independent variable? variable changed/controlled by the investigator
3. What are safety rules that need to be observed when heating glass? wear goggles, use a
test tube clamp, point heated substance AWAY from yourself and others, check to be sure the
glassware is free of chips and cracks
4. What is commensalism? Give an example. A type of symbiotic relationship where one
organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed. Ex: barnacles on a whale
5. What is parasitism? Give an example. A type of symbiotic relationship where one organism
benefits and the other is harmed. Ex: tick on a dog
6. What is mutualism? Give an example. A type of symbiotic relationship where both
organisms benefit. Ex: bee and a flower
7. What is competition? two organisms “fight” for a limited resource
8. What is primary succession? Give an example. When an organism grows in an area where
no life has existed before. Ex: a glacier recedes revealing bare rock, and moss grows.
9. In the nitrogen cycle, what is the job of bacteria in the soil? changes atmospheric nitrogen
into forms that can be used by living organisms