PIG RAISING
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A Healthy Environment
• Shade because pig have no sweat
gland in their skin
• Generally Temp for adult is 10 – 27 C
• Generally Temp baby pig is 27 – 32 C
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Environmental
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Pig allow to run lose
Fencing
Tethering / animal tied to control
Building
Combination of above
Feeders and Waterers
Farrowing house
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Nutrition-
pig are single stomach; able to eat meat and plant
• Carbohydrate and fat- corn,rice brand, yam,
potatoes casava banana (70 80 %) pig diet
for energy
• Protein- fish meal, oil seed – provide growth
• Mineral(salt) Calcium, phosphorous for bone
and tissue growth
• Vitamins – growth, reproduce and body
function
• Water – fresh, good health
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Food preparation
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Grinding
Soaking
Cooking
Chopping (vegetable-fruit)
Fermenting
Normally, Carbohydrate 70 % Protein 30%
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Percentage Protein need
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Sows and adult 16 %
Baby 0- 15 kg 20%
Baby 15 – 30 kg 18%
Young 30 – 60 16%
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Select Young Female
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Best milking mother
Larger litter
Larger faster growing
No obvious defect (hernias, health
problem
• Minimum well 12 teats
• Desire body type (least fat more meat)
• Purchase from trusted farm
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Selected young male
• Male muscle appearance
• Free from hernias and health and
disease problems
• Well formed testicles
• From large litter
• Fast growing
• Not related to your female
• Preferably cross breed
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Reproduction
• Heat (estrus) 1-3 day period, second
day is best fertilizing
• Heat (estrus) cycle 19 – 21 days
Breeding
• Natural
• Artificial
Length of pregnancy is 114
days
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Sign of approaching Farrowing time
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2-3 weeks breast enlarged
5-7 days farrowing – valva enlarged
24 – 48 hours milk appear in teats
12 -24 hours very nervous, restless and
carry dry leaf to make bed, may need
inject Oxytocine to help make delivery
easier
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Helping new born
• Remove from membranes
• Wipe mucus from month and nose
• Clip navel cord 1-2 inches, dip in iodine, if
bleeding, tie navel cord with cotton string
• Clip tail (1-2 inches)
• If weather is cool put in box with light bulb
• Must nurse as soon as possible (maximum
12 hours)
• Iron injection
• Cut teeth
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Castrating
• Male baby should be castrated around
2-4 week of age (while nursing)
• To prevent odor in meat
• To prevent the nuisance of the boars
not needed for breeding
• Some think castrated males grow faster
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Weaning
• In natural state, sows wean their babies
when they are around 8 – 10 weeks old
• In modern operations pigs are weaned
early at 3-5 weeks
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Basic sanitation
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Location: High with drainage
Rotate
Food and water
Building E-W
Germ killing – lye-0.45 per water 10
gallons , chorine
• Vaccinate
• Treat parasites
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Common disease
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Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)
Diarrhea
Pneumonia
Anemia
Skin infection
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Injection
• Subcutaneous (SQ)
• Intramuscular (IM)
• SQ;
• Baby 18 or 20 : 5/8” or ½”
• Young 16 or 18 : 5/8” or 1/4”
• Adult 14 or 16 : 1” or 1/2”
• IM;
• Baby 18 or 20 ½”
• Young 16 or 3/4”
• Adult 14 or 16 : 1”
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Natural Farming - Pigs
Partners Relief and Development
www.partnersworld.org
Purpose and Process
To transform farmer from laborer to manager
To utilize agricultural waste
To make natural
fertilizer
To make high
protein feed
To sell value added products
Natural Pig Farming Cycle
Piglets
Fertilizer
Sell value added
product
Feed
Market
weight pigs
Pig Pen Bedding
Dig pen floor 90 cm deep
Add bedding in 2 layers
Mix bedding material with soil from pen
- Rice hulls, sawdust, etc.
Charcoal 10%
Cow manure 10 %
Salt 1 - 2 Kg
Add 1 - 2 bags white
leaf mold concentrate
Mix FFJ / FPJ in
water (2T per 10L)
- Spray on bedding
Fill second layer to top
Use same bedding
mixture as first layer
Cover with a thin
layer of rice hulls
or other material
Home made products used in Natural
Pig Farming
1. FPJ
2. FFJ
3. FAA
4. Calcium
5. White leaf mold
6. Salt
7. Pig gum
9. Traditional remedies / herbs
Control worms with herbal medicine: egg plant
Diarrhea: guava leaves, mangosteen peels,
persimmon leaves, green bananas
Prevent disease with herbs
Pig Drinking Water
FFJ / FPJ 2T
Herb Hormone
Mix in 10L water.
Free choice all day.
Clean water tank every day.
Inspect drink valve for water flow.
Install 1 drink valve per 5 pigs.
Pig Feed
1. Fresh plant material for pig feed
100 Kg + Sugar 4 Kg + Rock salt 1
Kg. Pickle in bucket 3 days.
2. Commercial food
30 kg
3. Soybean cake 1 Kg
per meal
1 + 2 = Pickled plant material 70 Kg + commercial feed 30 Kg.
Total 100 Kg. cost= 5 THB/Kg
Feed twice a day (2-5 kilograms).
Feed fresh grass / green vegetables every day,
up to 1 Kg / pig.
Capital investment per pig
Market weight 100 Kg (4-5 months)
Feed cost per pig for 5 months = 1500
Average cost per piglet = 1000 THB
Total cost per pig = 2500 THB
Care of natural farming pigs
1. Dig & mix the bedding every week.
- Add bedding material as needed.
2. Spray bedding with fermented juice
minimum once a week
3. Feed pigs with “pig gum” to chew relaxing
4. Add charcoal and salt to increase mineral
5. Give fresh grass & green vegetables.
- (1 Kg / pig)
6. When pigs are 3 months old, begin removing
soiled bedding to make natural fertilizer. Replace
with new bedding mixture. You can do this once a
week.
7. Clean up inside and around the pig pen to
keep things tidy.
Partners Relief and Development
www.partnersworld.org
Thank you
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