International Journal of Computer Application (2250-1797)
Volume 5– No. 4, June2015
A Software Cost and Effort Estimation for web Based
Application
Dr. Tulika Pandey, [email protected]
Assistant professor Department of Computer Science & Engineering
SHIATS, Allahabad ,India
Niraj Kumar Tiwari , [email protected]
M.Tech Scholar CSE, SHIATS,Allahabad ,India
Abstract:Numerous organizations all over the world have developed commercial and also educational
Software for the internet, the most commonly known example of a hypermedia system. But
creating good World-wide-web applications can be expensive, mostly with regards to time and
Level of difficulty for the authors. Our study tries to help predict the time and effort needed for
the development of website pages of a selected category; here we now have restricted our self On
the domain of news sites. Our report is suggesting an effective method pertaining to efforts
Estimation of net based projects. Software Price tag Estimation (SCE) is really a process of
Predicting the actual efforts and also cost with regards to money, schedule and also staff for
Virtually any software system, Software expense estimation can be an old arts accompany the
Start of computer sector in 1940s there are been developed many times until forming function
items by Albrecht throughout 1979.
Previous studies comparing the actual prediction accuracy of effort models designed using
Internet based and single-company files sets are inconclusive. This report therefore replicates the
previous study by examining how prosperous estimate effort for World-wide-web projects that
remains in a sole company. The effort estimates employed in our examination was obtained by
using effort estimation technique, namely Web case-Point working out.
Keywords: - single-company effort model, software cost estimation, software cost estimation
Techniques, Web applications, Web projects.
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Introduction:Effective software undertaking estimation is amongst the most challenging and crucial activities
within software progress. Let people first establish what software is. Software can be (1)
instruction that after executed supply desired operate and overall performance, (2) info structures
of which enable the programs to adequately manipulate information, and (3) paperwork that
illustrate the function and utilization of programs. The scientific and managerial discipline
worried about systematic generation and servicing of software products which might be
developed as well as modified punctually and with inside the cost estimates is known as software
executive. The primary goals regarding software executive are to further improve the quality of
software products also to increase the productivity as well as job full satisfaction for software
engineers. Software charge estimation may be the process regarding predicting your energy
required to build up a software system. Estimating the money necessary for a software product is
amongst the most difficult and error–prone responsibilities in software engineering. It can be
difficult to make a precise cost estimation in the planning stage of software development due to
the large variety of unknown factors in those days, yet contradicting exercise often require a firm
charge commitment contained in the feasibility study.
Accurate software cost estimation in project is important to develop a reliable software system.
Underestimating a project contributes to
1. under-staffing it (resulting within staff burnout),
3. under-scoping the coffee quality assurance hard work (running raise the risk of inferior
deliverables), and location too quick a plan (resulting in decrease of credibility since deadlines
usually are missed).
3. Over-estimating a project will
4. Cost greater than it need to (a negative affect the underside line),
5. Take longer to deliver than needed (resulting within lost opportunities
6. Delay the application of your resources on the next undertaking.
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Literature Review:Mendes et al. [2001] investigated the prediction accuracy of top-down and bottom-up Web cost
estimation models, generated using linear and stepwise multiple regression models. They
employed one dataset with data on 37 Web applications developed by honors and postgraduate
computer science students.
Mendes et al., [2002] most work on Web cost estimation proposes models based on late product
size measures, such as number of HTML pages, number of images etc. However, for the
successful management of software/Web projects, estimates are necessary throughout the whole
development life cycle. Preliminary (early) effort estimates in particular are essential when
bidding for a contract or when determining a project’s feasibility in terms of cost-benefit
analysis. Mendes et al. (2002a) focus on the harvesting of size measures at different points in the
Web development life cycle, to estimate development effort, and their comparison based on
several predictions accuracy indicators.
The aim of Ruhe et al.’s study [2003] was to assess whether the COBRATM4 (Cost Estimation
Benchmarking and Risk Analysis) method was adequate for estimating Web development effort
accurately using data from a small Web company. COBRA is a method that aims to develop an
understandable cost estimation model based on a company specific dataset. It uses expert opinion
and data on past projects to estimate development effort and risks for a new project. The size
measure employed was Web objects (Reifer 2000), measured for each one of the 12 finished
Web applications used in this study.
Emilia Mendes et. al. [2005] Software practitioners recognize the importance of realistic
estimates of effort to the successful management of software projects, the Web being no
exception. Having realistic estimates at an early stage in a project’s life cycle allow project
managers and development organizations to manage resources effectively.
Sergio Di Martino, Carmine Gravino [2007] uses the Single Company Data set the use of CaseBased Reasoning with cross-company data set compared both sets of productivity values (crosscompany vs. single-company) using both parametric (the independent samples T-test) and nonparametric (the Mann-Whitney Test) tests and given that the 25 variables identified are measures
that are meaningful to Web companies and define the one particular equation to estimating the
cost in web Engineering.
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International Journal of Computer Application (2250-1797)
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Chetan Nagar ET. al. [2013] in the study we have seen that prediction is important in efforts
estimation .Your estimation will be better if you can predict better. Historical data play vital role
in prediction, it recommend us what we have to do. Use of model with historical data can
produce good result that we have seen. This paper shows that not only the check list, analogy
based estimation, or expert estimation can perform better, estimation model can also perform
better but assistance of historical data is must.
Proposed Method:In this Method we will calculate the functionality required on every page. We have categories the
functionality as follows.
A Defined API’s
B Interactive or Protocol Driven Interface
C Graphical User Interface
D Data Communication
Etc.
Each page can contain all the functionality or some of them. Functionality may be simple,
average or complex in nature. We have assigned a complexity factor to them (1-Simple, 4Avragea and 8-complex).
Functionality Quantity
A
B
C
Total Web Case for page:-
Complexity
Factor
1/4/8
Sub
Total
We will repeat same process for every page
Then we add total calculated sum of all the pages so
UWCP= p1+p2+p3+……………….Pn.
WCP=UWCP*TCP*EF
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Efforts= WCP* Man-Hours required to build a single WCP
Effort=Efforts - Efforts of reuse + Efforts of integration
Conclusion:SCE is often a critical, successful process inside software progress and undertaking management,
many selections stopped good results in the estimation, software price estimation wants extra
work and cooperation through the academic researchers that has a help through the industrial
application development companies to realize highly trustworthy cost products via interchanging
expertise, models of development as well as the software engineering best practices applied
inside the industrial application development company and the needed acceptable data to be able
to formulate your metrics as well as cost products in application cost appraisal process.
The reaction to the world wide web case place calculation quite efficient for that single business
and it is possible to use by assistance from the world wide web case point small enterprise easily
calculate the price and effort in the project. Some of the methods have a marginal variation
between real and work estimated. In your estimation nearly all of parameters tend to be predicted
by simply us and how much our prediction will exact we have no idea of. Experience people are
can easily better predict than a beginner. So it's always encouraged that appraisal team should
have most knowledge persons of company.
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