Technical Report
AgroBacta
(Photosynthetic Bacteria)
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Technical Report
CONTENTS
Photosynthetic bacteria(1/3) - General Characteristic ……………………… 3
Photosynthetic bacteria (2/3) – Major Metabolism…………………………… 4
Photosynthetic bacteria (3/3) – Nutritional components ……………………5
Role in Agriculture (1/4) – Bio-fertilizer …………………………………………… 7
Role in Agriculture (2/4) - Growth Enhancement. …………………………… 9
Role in Agriculture (3/4) - Effective microorganism………………………… 10
Role in Agriculture (4/4) - Toxic elimination…………………………………… 12
Characteristics of AgroBacta ……………………………………………………… 13
Application Case (1/5) – Lettuce ……………………………………………………15
Application Case (2/5) – Tomato ……………………………………………………16
Application Case (3/5) – Green Onion & Cherry Tomato. ………………… 17
Application Case (4/5) – Cucumber, Chili & Watermelon……………………18
Application Case (5/5) – Orchid & Lawn………………………………………… 19
Report of PSB Application in Rice Farming - Seedling Stage………………20
Report of PSB Application in Rice Farming - Plant stage……………………21
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Technical Report
Photosynthetic Bacteria (1/3) – General Characteristic
Photosynthetic Bacteria(PSB) is one of the aqua and soil microorganisms widely
distributed in the environment, playing an important role in food chain among all animals
and plants. The bacterium receives the solar energy with Bacterio-Chlorophyll, which
produce purple carotenoid pigments. Phototrophic bacterium, a nitrogen fixing organism,
also provides nutrients for animals and plants – the bacterium is rich in amino acid,
nucleic acids, hormones, coenzymes and vitamins produces within the cell. For fry and
small crustaceans, phototrophic bacterium is especially effective. A dramatic decrease in
mortality rate and an increase in growth rate. Plankton, which prey upon phototrophic
bacterium, grow vigorously with the Photosynthetic Bacteria.
Generally, Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB) is being classified into three type, namely Purple
sulfur bacteria (family Chromatiaceae containing genus Chloromatium), Purple non-sulfur
bacteria (family Rhodospirillaceae containing genera Rhodomicrobium, Rhodospirillum
and Rhodobacter) and Green Sulfur Bacteria (family Chlorobiaceae including genera
Chlorobium and Chloropseudomonas).
IN the context of Agriculture, Rhodobacter capsulatus, a family of Purple non-sulfur
bacteria is being mostly used as Bio-fertilizer. This Bacterium inhibits the proliferation of
pathogenic microorganisms by degrading & detoxifying harmful substances. For example,
this bacterium converts toxic hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) to non-toxic form, thus reducing the
growth of sulfate reducing bacteria. The intoxication of Hydrogen sulfide on plants is one
of the causes of plants’ falling leaves.
Rhodobacter capsulatus
Rhodospirillum rubrum
Chromatiaceae
Figure 1. Photographs of Three Types of Photosynthetic Bacteria
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Photosynthetic Bacteria (2/3) – Major Metabolism
With Bacterio-chlorophyll a and b, Photosynthetic Bacteria can live by producing
carbohydrate via photosynthesis reaction. And also synthesis organic nitrogen by
nitrogen fixation capability. From the organic nitrogen, the bacteria can further produce
nitrogen compound e.g. amino acid, nucleic acid and vitamins. During the growing
process, the bacteria secrete sugars, nitrogen compounds and biologically active
compounds and others to encourage the growth of Vesicular-arbuscular and Azotobacter
which are very useful soil microorganisms
Because Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) cell contains amino acids, minerals, vitamins
carotenoids (rhodovibrin and spirilloxanthin), growth activators, sugars and fatty acids, it
is widely used as a health supplements, animal and fish feeds, and also as Bio-fertilizer in
agriculture sector.
Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) can eliminate or detoxicate H2S, Mercaptane, chlorine
compounds and Diamines derivatives which causes bad smell and toxic materials. As
such it is very useful in treating environmental pollution such as sewerage treatment, and
manures from poultry industry.
Major Metabolisms of PSB
Useful for environment-friendly farming
Photosynthesis
CO2 elimination
H2S elimination
Nitrogen
Fixation
Mucilage
Production
Secondary
Metabolism
N supply
Soil Aggregation
Nutrient Absorption
Growth Regulator
Growth Activator
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Photosynthetic Bacteria (3/3) – Nutritional Components
1. Contain essential nutrients
The cell wall and cell membrane of Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB) consist of
Polysaccharides of mucus which is very soft and flexible compared to Yeast, Chlorella and
alga’s cell wall and membrane. This type of Polysaccharides is easy to be digested by
Streptomyces and mycorrhiza. The growth of Streptomyces and mycorrhiza would help to
improve the quality of soil.
PSB produce and contain high content of essential nutrients such as amino acids (e.g.
proline) and nucleic acids (e.g. Uralic) which plays an important role as the growth factor
of plants especially during the nurturing stage.
Table 1. Amino Acid Content of Photosynthetic Bacteria
(Unit: g/100g.dry)
Chlorella
Yeast
PSB
LYSINE
2.17
3.76
2.86
HISTIDINE
1.06
0.90
1.25
ARGININE
3.24
2.50
3.34
ASPARTIC ACID
4.74
3.11
4.56
THREONINE
2.28
2.65
2.70
SERINE
2.12
2.75
1.68
GLUTAMIC ACID
4.62
6.21
5.34
● PROLINE
2.12
1.77
2.80
GLYCINE
2.28
2.18
2.41
ALANINE
2.98
2.86
4.65
VALINE
3.02
3.20
3.51
METHIONINE
0.27
0.51
1.58
ISOLEUCINE
2.44
2.36
2.64
LEUCINE
4.46
3.54
4.50
TYROSINE
0.96
1.30
1.71
PHENYLALANINE
2.65
2.20
2.60
TRYPTOPHANE
0.64
0.66
1.09
Amino acid
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Photosynthetic Bacteria (3/3) – Nutritional Components
2. Contain Natural Pigments
The content of Pigments in PSB changes according to the lighting condition, oxygen level,
type of substrate (medium) and other cultivation parameter. However, normally under
anaerobic condition and lighting condition (1,000~2,000 Lux), the percentage of
pigments produced is around 18~20%. The main role of Pigment is to promote the
process of flower bud, hence increase the crop’s productivity. It also improves the
richness of color which would ultimately ensure a longer storage period.
Table 2. Natural Pigment Content in Photosynthetic Bacteria
Bacterio-chlorophyll
64.5 mg/g
Total Carotenoid amount
41.7 mg/g
Pigments
Condition : anaerobic cultivation under Paraffin Sealing (propionic acid as a substrate, 2,000lux)
3. Rich in Vitamins
Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) is rich in vitamin especially high Vitamin B12 content which
act as the activator for the growth of other useful microorganism that would help to
promote the growth of the plants.
Table 3. Vitamins Content in Photosynthetic Bacteria (AgroBacta)
VITAMIN
B2
B6
FOLIC ACID
B12
C
D
E
YEAST ( /100g )
AgroBacta
PSB ( /100g )
2,900
2,400
1,700
1
-300,000IU
--
3,800
3,000
2,000
200 ~ 2,000
20,000
10,000IU
31,000
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Technical Report
Photosynthetic Bacteria (3/3) – Nutritional Components
Nutritional Components of PSB
The Body contains highly qualitative nutrients
Amino
acid
Minerals
Vitamin
Chlorophyll
Carotenoid
Nucleic acid
Polysaccharide
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Growth
regulator
Technical Report
Role in Agriculture (1/4) - Bio-fertilizer
Nitrogen Fixation of Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB)
The incorporation of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) in the nitrogen fixation process of
Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB) produce proline (amino acid) which help to improve the
berry setting number and better maturity of the berry of the plants.
Because of the nitrogen fixation process, the usage of nitrogen fertilizer (chemical) will
decrease up to 67%. By reducing the usage of nitrogen fertilizer, farmers can prevent its
overuse hence prevent lodging of plants.
Figure 2. Effect of R. capsulatus on Shoot Height and Root Length of Rice
Seedlings (cultivars Giza 171)
*The difference is significant at 5% level.
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Role in Agriculture (1/4) - Bio-fertilizer
Activating of Plants Growth
By Foliar Spraying Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB) to the plants, PSB act as an activator to
increase the movement of guard cell of plant’s stomatal, hence increasing the respiration
of plants. This will enhance the photosynthesis activity of the plants.
Beside that, the content of Bacterio-chlorophyll in Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB) will
enable the plants to carry on with the photosynthesis process in a very low lighting
condition (50 lux), hence ultimately promote the growth of the plants.
Agriculture Application of PSB
Various resources for environment-friendly agriculture
Bio-fertilizer
Nitrogen fixation
Photosynthetic
product
Growth
Enhancement
Effective
Microorganism
Vitamin
Chlorophyll
Carotenoid
VA fungi
Azotobacter
Toxic
Elimination
H2S
Putrescine
Cl compounds
Mercaptane
Diamines
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Role in Agriculture (2/4) – Growth Enhancement
Increase of Productivity
Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB) contents a lot of pigment components and vitamins which
can help to increase the saccharinity of fruits while at the same time increase the plant’s
resistant against diseases. The result of the plan’s richness in color will also improve the
commercial value of the products.
Table 4. Effect of Photosynthetic Bacteria of Persimmon
Composition change of persimmon
Treatment
No. Weight
fruit [Kg]
SacchariAverage
Reducing NonTotal
Oxide
Color Moisture
nity
sugar reducing equivalency
weight
[H.C.C]
[%]
[%]
sugar [%]
[Brix]
[%]
[g]
[%]
Control
32
7.1
222
12
84.7
14.7
0
10.82
2.34
13.16
PSB
43
8.2
191
13
83.3
16.4
0
12.56
2.57
15.13
Carotenoid composition of the rind [mg/100g(Fresh)]
Treatment
β - Carotene
Lycopene
Cryptoxnthin
Zeaxanthin
Total
Control
3.108
2.773
13.01
7.682
26.58
PSB
2.929
4.237
15.66
8.70
31.80
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Vit B1(mg)
Vit C(100mg)
Vit B1(mg)
Sand culture
Vit C(100mg)
Soil culture
Inorganic
fertilizer
0.09
0.256
0.16
0.302
PSBPSBtreatment
0.12
0.286
0.18
0.326
Figure 3. Effect of Photosynthetic Bacteria on Vitamin Content of Tomato.
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Role in Agriculture (3/4) – Effective microorganism
Anti-viral Effect and Growth Inhibition of Various Pathogen
Photosynthesis
(CO2, nitrogen)
Organic
compounds
VA fungi
Nitrogen fixation
bacteria
(Azotobacter)
Photosynthetic
Bacteria
Lactobacillus
Antibiotic
Substances
Produced by
Actinomyces
Fermented cell
(Yeast)
Actinomyces due to growth guide and growth inhibit pathogenic fungus or mold.
PSB provide feed to encourage the growth of Actinomyces which will in return inhibit the
growth of harmful pathogenic fungus or mold..
Table 5. Effect of PSB on Bacterial Populations of Tomato Farming
Total cell
(Cell No./g)
Actinomyces
(Cell No /g)
5
1.0×10
5
1.2×10
6
5.2×10
Control
3.8×10
PSB treatment
9.0×10
Control
8.5×10
PSB treatment
16.3×10
Fungi
(Cell No /g)
5
18.0×10
4
5
4.0×10
5
5.0×10
Actinomyces
/ Fungi
0.56
Sand
Culture
4
3.0
5
1.0
Soil
Culture
6
5
15.0×10
5
10.0×10
*Control: inorganic fertilizer only. PSB-treatment: organic fertilizer and PSB
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Technical Report
Role in Agriculture (3/4) – Effective microorganism
Anti-Viral Effect of PSB and Increase the growth of lactobacillus
Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) has anti-viral activator which inhibits the growth of
harmful pathogenic fungus while increasing the growth of lactobacillus which help to
prevent decay of compost (at the same time encourage the composting process of soil).
Table 6. Inhibitory Effects on Growth of Salmonella and O-157 by Photosynthetic Bacteria.
After
5 days
After
10 days
Control
∞
1. 1×10 cell/ml
PSB-treatment
(1%)
700 cell/ml
2 cells/ml
Control
∞
1,000 cell/ml
PSB-treatment
(1%)
400 cell/ml
0
Control
∞
1.5×10 cell/ml
PSB-treatment
(1%)
100 cell/ml
0
Control
∞
1.5×10 cell/ml
PSB-treatment
(1%)
100 cell/ml
0
Comparison
SE
9
(0.5×10 cells/ml)
Salmonella
ST
8
(0.5×10 cell/ml)
SD
8
(1.0×10 cell/ml)
O－157
7
(3.6×10 cell/ml)
8
7
* SE, ST is used chicken manure 5% solution.
* SD, O-157 is used cow manure 10%solution
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Technical Report
Role in Agriculture (4/4) – Toxic elimination
Improvement of Farming Environment
PSB can feed on harmful H2S to detoxify the presence of H2S which is harmful to the root
of plants. Decay of organic compound will result in the occurrence of Putrescine, Chlorine,
Mercaptane, and Diamines which is toxic to the plants. PSB can remove the above by
feeding on it while at the same time reduce the bad odor of soil and water.
<Control Site>
<With PSB>
Figure 4. After PSB dosage, H2S, Ammonia gas and bad smell from soil rotting are
removed.
Table 7. Effect of Wastewater Treatment by Photosynthetic Bacteria
After heterotrophic
bacteria growing
After PSB
growing
BOD
(mg/l)
10,000
200~500
Ammonia
(mg/l)
800
100~300
BOD
(mg/l)
20,000
500~800
Ammonia
(mg/l)
6,000
200~400
BOD
(mg/l)
20,000
200~500
Ammonia
(mg/l)
10,000
100~500
Waste water
Rice straw
Wool
wastewater
Excrements
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Characteristics of AgroBacta
AgroBacta – Characteristic
AgroBacta: is a brand name of Doosan Ecobiznet’s PSB product for agriculture.
AgroBacta contains 5.5x1011cell/ml of Rhodobacter capsulatus-EBN 7.
Rhodobacter capsulatus-EBN 7 is from the family of Purple non-sulfur photosynthetic
bacteria which is sourced from the natural environment using strict criteria of high
nutrient components and nitrogen fixation capability.
Pure Rhodobacter capsulatus is being cultivated by our expert technical team using its
own patented method of “High Cell Density Cultivation Method of Photosynthetic Bacteria
(Korea Patent No. 068351)”
For easy usage and long shelve life, advance frozen Techniques are being used after
cultivation of PSB to produce end product of high density. Due to Doosan EcoBizNet’s
unique high technology, though the end products are in frozen state the bacteria are
being ‘hibernated’. Once reduced to room temperature, the activity of the PSB become
active and alive again ready for its application in the farm.
AgroBacta – Roles
R. Capsulatus de-toxicate H2S which is harmful to the roots of plants.
R. Capsulatus produce and contain high content of essential nutrients such as amino
acids (e.g. proline) and nucleic acids (e.g. Uralic) which plays an important role as the
growth factor of plants especially during the nurturing stage.
The incorporation of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) in the nitrogen fixation process of R.
capsulatus produce proline which help to improve the berry setting number and better
maturity of the berry of the plants.
R. Capsulatus degrade organic compound that change the soil surface to a highly
reduction state that inhibit the growth of other weeds.
R. Capsulatus increase the soil temperature that improve and encourage the rooting and
growth of plant.
With the above role, AgroBacta improve the quality of soil hence decrease the
dependency on chemical fertilizer.
In the case of rice farming, AgroBacta generally increase the yield of plant for more than
10% whilst producing rice of better quality.
AgroBacta improve the health of plant that hedge against damages by blight and harmful
insects.
By maintaining the balanced ecosystem, the growth of other useful bacteria will help to
improve the fertility of the soil.
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Characteristics of AgroBacta
<AgroBacta- Application Method>
Type of Farming
Dilution / Amount
*For irrigation
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
[Agrobacta(300ml)/0.5ha]
Rice
Tomato, strawberries,
melon, cucumber,
pimento, persimmon,
Japanese apricot tree,
grape, peach,
mandarin, watermelon,
pepper,
pumpkin, egg-plant,
mushroom
Application
Rice seedbed: 1 time
After rice-transplantation: 1 time
Before 1 month from Development
of Ear Primordium: 1 time
Before harvesting: 1 time
*Foliar Spraying :
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
* Soil Drenching :
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
[AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha]
One time after planting.
Each Time Soil Drenching.
Foliar Spray: 1time/7-10 days
*Foliar Spraying:
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
Spinach, cabbage
Lawn
Lily
Orchid
Lettuce,
*Soil Drenching :
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
[AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha]
One time after planting
One time before harvesting
*Foliar Spraying:
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
* Soil Drenching :
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
[AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha]
Every 2 weeks
Foliar Spraying:
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
Tea plant
* Soil Drenching :
Use Diluted AgroBacta(*)
[AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha]
Every 2 weeks
* Diluted AgroBacta : 1ml of AgroBacta + 20L of clean water
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Application Case (1/5) – Lettuce
PSB effect on Lettuce Farming
Growth Condition:
Green House Condition (Covered Farm)
From September until November
Dosage of PSB
:
:
:
Dilution of AgroBacta (1ml20ℓ) for use.
Foliar Spraying diluted AgroBacta on every 7~10 days
Soil Drenching with diluted AgroBacta on the farmland.
(AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha of farmland)
Result
:
:
:
:
The leave of Lettuce become thicker
Freshness of vegetable is being extended
The yield is increase by 22% higher than the control site
Reduce the usage of chemical fertilizer by 75%
Figure 5. The Effect of PSB on Yield and Chemical Fertilizer Dependence for Lettuce
Farming
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Application Case (2/5) – Tomato
PSB effect on Tomato Farming
Growth Condition:
Soil Culture vs. Sand Culture
Dosage
Control Site – Inorganic Fertilizer only
With PSB – Organic Fertilizer + 1% PSB(Diluted AgroBacta)
:
:
* Diluted AgroBacta : 1ml of AgroBacta + 20L of clean water]
Result
:
:
:
:
:
Better weight gain of Tomato
Increase in number of Tomatoes yielded
Increase the Vitamin C & B1 content of the Tomatoes
Reduce the number of filamentous fungus
Increase the number of Actinomyces & useful microbes
Table 8. Effect of PSB on Tomato Farming
Weight of Stems &
Leaves (A)
(Dry Weight, g)
Weight of Roots
(B)
(Dry Weight, g)
(A) / (B)
Control Site
57.7
15.0
3.85
With PSB
51.3
20.5
2.50
Control Site
58.2
22.1
2.63
With PSB
55.1
30.3
1.82
Sand
Culture
Soil
Culture
Comparing the Control Site and With PSB Site, the number of tomatoes and total tomato weight increased by
10% - 34%.
Table 9. Effect of PSB on Total Number & Total Weight of Tomatos in Tomato Farming
Total Number of
Fruits
Total Weight of
Fruits (g)
Average Weight of
Fruits (g)
Control Site
14
729(100)
52.0
With PSB
16
805(110)
50.3
Control Site
16
1,049(100)
65.5
With PSB
22
1,408(134)
64.0
Sand
Culture
Soil
Culture
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Application Case (3/5) – Green Onion & Cherry Tomato
Green Onion Farming in Low Sunlight (Shaded) Area
Growth Condition:
Sunlight exposure of below 3 hours per day
Dosage of PSB
:
:
:
Dilution of AgroBacta (1ml20ℓ) for use.
Foliar Spraying diluted AgroBacta on every 7~10 days
Soil Drench with diluted AgroBacta on the farmland.
(AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha of farmland)
Result
:
Compared to Control Site, initial growth rate and spouting is
2 times higher
Control Site
With PSB
Cherry Tomato Farming
Growth Condition:
Green House Condition (Covered Farm)
Dosage of PSB
:
:
Dilution of AgroBacta (1ml20ℓ) for use.
Soil Drenching with diluted AgroBacta on the farmland.
(AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha of farmland)
Result
:
:
:
:
No falling of blossoms and fruits of cherry tomato
Good coloring or cherry tomatoes and solid fruits
Higher saccharinity and longer storage duration
Yield of Cherry Tomato increase by 30% - 40%
1
2
3
4
Fresh leaves and
blossoms
High numbers of fruits
Ripping of Tomatoes
Healthy plants
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Technical Report
Application Case (4/5) – Cucumber, Chili & Watermelon
Cucumber & Chili Farming
Dosage of PSB
:
:
:
300 Dilution of AgroBacta (1ml20ℓ) for use.
Foliar Spraying diluted AgroBacta on every 7~10 days
Soil Drench with diluted AgroBacta on the farmland.
(AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha of farmland)
Result
:
:
:
Harvested cucumber & chili taste good
Roots of plant are healthy
Increase in yield
Watermelon & Strawberry
Dosage of PSB
:
:
:
300 Dilution of AgroBacta (1ml20ℓ) for use.
Foliar Spraying diluted AgroBacta on every 7~10 days
Soil Drench with diluted AgroBacta on the farmland.
(AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha of farmland)
Result
:
:
Increase the saccharinity & color of fruits
Longer storage duration
19
Doosan EcoBizNet Co., Ltd.
# 413, 198-53, Hupyong-Dong, Chuncheon-City, Gangwon-DO, 200-161, Korea
Tel: +82-258-6400 Fax: +82-258-6405 Homepage: http://www.ecobiznet.com
Technical Report
Application Case (5/5) – Orchid & Lawn
Orchid / Flowers
Dosage of PSB
:
:
:
Result
:
Dilution of AgroBacta (1ml20ℓ) for use.
Foliar Spraying diluted AgroBacta on every 7~10 days
Soil Drench with diluted AgroBacta on the farmland.
(AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha of farmland)
Treat root rotting of Orchid after
spraying PSB
Treat damping-off problem of
Lily blossom after spraying PSB
Lawn / Grass
Dosage of PSB
:
:
:
Result
:
Dilution of AgroBacta (1ml20ℓ) for use.
Foliar Spraying diluted AgroBacta on every 7~10 days
Soil Drench with diluted AgroBacta on the farmland.
(AgroBacta(300ml)/0.5ha of farmland)
Control Site
Weak leave & root
With PSB
Uniformed growth of root and
leaves
20
Doosan EcoBizNet Co., Ltd.
# 413, 198-53, Hupyong-Dong, Chuncheon-City, Gangwon-DO, 200-161, Korea
Tel: +82-258-6400 Fax: +82-258-6405 Homepage: http://www.ecobiznet.com
Technical Report
Report of PSB Application in Rice Farming
- Seedling Stage
PSB (Rhodobacter capsulatus) was used to inoculate seedling of rice, grown in hydroponic
culture with or without nitrogen
Experimental Procedure:
1.
Seeding growth unit were sterilized by ethanol. Nutrient solution were prepared with and
without nitrogen. The glass vessel containing rice nutrient solution were autoclaved
(121℃, 20min)
2.
In this experiment, 4 different rice varieties were used. Rice seeds were surface sterilized
with a 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 1min; followed by washing with sterile
distilled water. And allowed to germinate on nutrient agar in petridishs for 3 days at
30℃ in the dark. After then germinated seeds were aseptically transferred to seeding
growth unit containing the sterile nutrient solution with or without nitrogen
3.
Nutrient solution were either inoculated with R. capsulatus to yield 2.2 X 107 cells ml-1
of nutrient solution or received the same volume from sterile buffer solution.
4.
The plants were grown in a cabinet under natural light condition at 29℃
at a day and 22℃ at night.
Measurement
Measurements of growth parameter of rice seedlings were made on days 3, 6, 9, 13 and at day 20
after emergence for shoot height, and maximum root length. After day 20, the plants were
removed and washed in distilled water. The shoot and root portion were separated, and the
growth measurements were taken. All the ten plants in each assembly were taken together for
measurements of fresh and dry weight, and all the plants in each treatment were pooled for
nitrogen determination by micro-Kjeldahl technique.
Result: Inoculation with R. capsulatus enhanced seedling growth of all rice varieties tested.
Table 10. Effect of Rhodobacter capsulatus inoculation and/or nitrogen fertilization on
shoot height, root length, dry weight and N% of rice cultivars grown in
hydroponic culture
Treatment
Inoculation
Nitrogen
fertilization
Height
Cultivars: G171
DW
(mg plant-1)
N(%)
1. Shoot height
U
-N
14.9b
5.4c
0.42d
I
-N
23.9
10.8b
0.61c
U
I
+N
22.9a
13.1a
0.58b
+N
24.6a
13.2
0.72a
U
-N
11.6a
9.6a
0.46d
I
-N
7.6a
9.8a
0.69c
U
+N
6.0c
7.9b
0.72b
I
+N
4.5c
7.6b
0.82
2. Root length
Report of PSB Application21in Rice Farming
Doosan EcoBizNet Co., Ltd.
# 413, 198-53, Hupyong-Dong, Chuncheon-City, Gangwon-DO, 200-161, Korea
Tel: +82-258-6400 Fax: +82-258-6405 Homepage: http://www.ecobiznet.com
Technical Report
- Plant stage
Pot and lysimeter experiment were carried out to study the effect of inoculation of roots of rice
seedlings with R. capsulatus in combination with graded level of nitrogen fertilizer
Experimental Procedure
1. Three-week old seedlings were transplanted well prepared pot. In the lysimeter experiment,
transplanting density was 3 seedling, planted 20cm apart in 1m2.
2. Before transplanting, soil in the pot and lysimeters was uniformly fertilized with super
phosphate. (0.4g/pot, 3.18g/ lysimeter)
3. In nitrogen-fertilized treatment, nitrogen as ammonium sulphate(20.5%) was applied in two
splits: 75% basal(1 day before transplanting) and 25% at tillering stage(45 days after
transplanting)
4. Experiments were conducted in randomized block design with five replicates.
5. After transplanting the pot and lysimeter was watered with tap water to keep a 3cm flood
water level until 2 weeks before harvesting.
Dosage: Bacterial inoculation was done at transplanting time by dipping the rice seedling for
30min in a mixture of Rhodobacter capsulatus cell suspension in phosphate buffer 0.05 M, pH 7.0
and a 10%(w/v) gum Arabic solution.
Analytical Method: At harvest, values of growth characters and yield components were recorded.
The effect was analyzed by one way analysis of variance and comparison was made by Duncan
multiple range test
Result: Inoculation increased all the measured growth parameters and yield attributes.
This is evidence of a beneficial effect of PSB on rice growth and yield under flooded soil
condition
22
Doosan EcoBizNet Co., Ltd.
# 413, 198-53, Hupyong-Dong, Chuncheon-City, Gangwon-DO, 200-161, Korea
Tel: +82-258-6400 Fax: +82-258-6405 Homepage: http://www.ecobiznet.com
Technical Report
Report of PSB Application in Rice Farming
- Plant stage
23
Doosan EcoBizNet Co., Ltd.
# 413, 198-53, Hupyong-Dong, Chuncheon-City, Gangwon-DO, 200-161, Korea
Tel: +82-258-6400 Fax: +82-258-6405 Homepage: http://www.ecobiznet.com