Management for IT Professionals
Keya Trivedi
Usha Mittal Institute of Technology
Bolo Bolo…..Tell Tell
 Tell me basic types of IT Business
 What are Products and services?
 Name few management careers in IT.
 What are the functions of Management?
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Team Exercise
 Identify one industry and give a presentation on how
management works in the same industry.
Number of students in the team: 5
Time for the presentation: 15 to 20 mins
No repetition in the industry chosen.
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Management Concepts
Inputs
(Resources)
Mngmt
Process
Outputs
(Products/
Services)
 Who carry out Managerial Functions?
Managers,Administrators,Executives or Supervisors
 Common Aim: Managing the Organization to perform
effectively and efficiently to achieve Productivity.
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Science or Art??
F.W. Taylor : What you want men to do
(knowledge) and then seeing that they do it in
the best way( most efficient) and cheapest( most
economical) way ( apply!!!!)
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Management as a Profession
What are the requirements of a
profession?
 Evolvement in Management:
- Knowledge increased and compiled
- Taught by Universities and professionals
- Management Associations
- Professional Standards
- Morals and Ethics specified
- Management Skills advanced with
Professional Managers.
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Management – A Discipline
 Discipline??? It’s a Branch of Learning of a field of study.
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Hierarchical Structure
Top
Middle
Lower
Board of Directors, Chief
Executives & HOD
Functional Managers:
Production/Marketing/Finance
Management Personnel
TOP – Strategic/Conceptual planning , MIDDLE – Tactical/Aggregate
Planning, LOWER – Day to Day planning
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Managerial Roles
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Managerial Skills
Skills
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Schools of Thought
 Classic School of Thought – based on Economic
Efficiency, Physical aspects of work
enviornment,scientific analysis of work tasks etc(Taylor
and Fayol’s Principles)
 Behavioral School of Thought
 Modeling School - Decision Making, Systems Theory,
Mathematical Modelling
 Modern Management Approaches - Contingency,
Mckinseys 7S etc
 International Management – The Japanese Way
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Group Participation and Learning
 F.W.Taylor’s Scientific Management ( in agreement – in
disagreement)
 Henri Fayol’s Process Management ( What were his
Principles of Work and how do we implement them?)
 McKinsey’s 7s approach
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Japanese Way!!
 Always Different!!
 Important Features?
 Life time employment
 Greater concern for an Individual
 Emphasis on Seniority
 Sense of loyalty to the organization
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Differences in approach with other countries
 Planning
Long term Orientation
Short-Term Orientation
Collective decision making ( many people
Involved)
Individual Decision Making ( Few People
Involved)
Decision Flow – Bottom to Top and Back.
Decision Flow – Top to Bottom
Slow decision making, Fact
implementation
Fast Decision Making, Slow
implementation
 Organize
Collective Responsibility and
Accountability
Individual Responsibility and Collectivity
Ambiguity in Decision Making
Clear and specific Decision making.
Informal organization Structure
Formal and bureaucratic Organization.
Well known Common Organization
Lack of Common Organization
Competitive Spirit towards other
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enterprises
Identification with Profession rather than
Company
Differences in approach with other countries
 Staffing
Young persons hired out of college
only
From colleges + Companies
Slow Growth due to slow
promotion through ranks
Loyalty to company
Rapid advancement desired and
demanded
To profession
Performance Evaluation is
Infrequent, long term Criteria
PE is Frequent, short term Criteria
Training and development – long
term investment
Just do it …done without
hesitation
Life time Employment
Job insecurity Prevails
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Differences in approach with other countries
 Coordinating
Manager – Social facilitator and Group
Member
Manager – Decision Maker and Head of
Group
PATERNALISTIC STYLE
DIRECTIVE STYLE
Common Values
Divergent Values
Performance Evaluation is Infrequent, long
term Criteria
PE is Frequent, short term Criteria
Confrontation avoided : Emphasis on
Harmony
Confrontation head – on: Emphasis on Clarity
 Control
Control by Peers
By superiors
Control Focus is on Group Performance
(Saving Face!!)
On Individual Performance (Fixing Blames!!)
Extensive Use of Quality Circles
LTD use of QC
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Theory Z
 Elective use of Japanese Managerial Practices
 Implemented by IBM, HP etc
 Characteristics?
 Emphasis on Interpersonal Skills( Group decision
With individual responsibility)
Dr. William Ouchi
 Emphasis on Informal and Democratic relations
 Hierarchical Structure still prevails.
 Participative Management – Free flow of information for a joint
consensus
 Workers are HUMANS and not treated like FACTORS
 Against the Japanese policy of infrequent appraisals.
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Management – National and International
Managerial Functions
National
International
P – scan environment for
threats and opportunities
National Market
International Market
O – Organization Structure
Structure for Domestic
Operations
Similar
Global Structure
National
International Pool
View of Authority
S - Source of talent
Different
D - Leadership & motivation Similar Culture
Communication lines
Short Distance
Many different cultures
Long Distances
C - Reporting System
Many different Requirements
Similar requirements
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