Environment Canada’s Long-term
Carbonaceous Aerosol Measurements (EC/OC & their Isotopes)
by CCMR, Climate Research Division
Alert (GAW)
EC/OC con. & d13C compositions
of PM on filters, light absorption and
scattering & co-located with flask-air
sampling for CO2, CH4, CO, N2O,
SF6 and in situ CO2 measurements
at the same sites.
Aerosol light absorption and
scattering are not available
Major air mass flow (based on the mean
wind vector over last 30 years)
East Trout Lake
Estevan Point / Whistler Mt.
Fraserdale
Egbert
Contributors: L. Huang, W. Zhang, D. Ernst
S. Shamar, R. Leaitch, J. Book, A,M, Macdonald
Lin Huang, 1st NETCARE workshop, Nov.19, 2013
Toronto
Environment
Canada
Environnement
Canada
Long-Term Observation of Elemental Carbon over Canada
(monthly means from 2005-2012)
2.0µg/m³
Alt_arctic
EC (gC/m3)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
01/01/05
01/01/06
01/01/07
01/01/08
01/01/09
01/01/10
01/01/11
01/01/12
01/01/13
Year
Lin Huang, 1st NETCARE workshop, Nov.19, 2013
Environment
Canada
Environnement
Canada
Seasonal Variations of Elemental Carbon (Con. & d13C) over Canada
( Gray bars: Nov. – Apr., Orange bars: May – Oct.)
1.6
160
EC Con (ng C/m3)
Alert
Alt_Win-Spr
-27.85
80
-27.88
-27.76
40
EC Con. (ug C/m3)
Alt_Sum-Fal
120
-27.06
-27.77
-25.74
-26.12
-25.68
-26.26
1.2
Frd_Win-Spr
0.8
-26.11
2005
-26.45
-26.31
2006
2007
2008
2009
2005
2010
-40
-0.4
1.6
1.6
ETL_Sum-Fal
East
Trout Lake
ETL_Win-Spr
-26.78
0.8
-26.90
-26.89
0.4
-27.49
-27.92
-26.32
-26.17
-26.40
-27.49
0.0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
EC Con. (ug C/m3)
1.2
-26.16
-26.64
-26.46
-26.09
-26.02
-26.17
2007
2008
2009
2010
Egb_Sum-Fal
Egbert
0.8
-26.18
-25.89
-26.34
-26.49
-26.11
-25.98
-26.37
-26.18
-25.91
0.4
0.0
2005
-0.4
2006
Egb_Win-Spr
2010
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
-0.4
1.6
 Seasonal variations of EC at five sites over Canada.
Numbers in brackets are seasonal means of d13CEC values.
 EC concentrations during warm seasons at Tor, Egb, Fra
& those during cold seasons at Alt show a decrease trend
from 2007 through 2009 and a slight increase in 2010,
which are consistent with the changes in fossil fuel
emission inventory (CDIAC:
http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/emis/meth_reg.html)
1.2
EC Con. (ug C/m3)
EC Con. (ug C/m3)
-26.35
0.4
0.0
0
1.2
Frd_Sum-Fal
Fraserdale
Tor_Sum-Fal
Toronto
-26.46
-26.29
Tor_Win-Spr
0.8
-26.74
-26.28
-26.46
-26.69
-26.46
-26.55
0.4
0.0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
-0.4
Lin Huang, 1st NETCARE workshop, Nov.19, 2013
Environment
Canada
Environnement
Canada
Fossil Fuel Emissions (coal & oil) in Top 9 Emitters (1990-2010)
Lin Huang, 1st NETCARE workshop, Nov.19, 2013
Environment
Canada
Environnement
Canada
Global Fire-Black-Carbon Emissions (1997 – 2010)
(Data source: http://www.globalfiredata.org)
Kt
200
Kt
200
Canada
160
160
120
120
80
80
40
40
0
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Kt
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Kt
3000
Global
2400
400
240
1200
160
600
80
0
0
Lin Huang, 1st NETCARE workshop, Nov.19, 2013
Europe
320
1800
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
USA
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Environment
Canada
Environnement
Canada
C Isotopic Compositions of Fossil Fuel at Global & Regional Scales
(fossil fuel mass fraction weighted d13C)
-24
-25
-26
Coal (-24 ‰)
Gasoline & Diesel (-28 ‰)
Natural gas (-40‰)
Glb
-28
13
d C_3ff (‰)
-27
-29
-30
-31
-32
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
Year
Lin Huang, 1st NETCARE workshop, Nov.19, 2013
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Environment
Canada
2012
Environnement
Canada
Seasonal Means (2005-2010) of Elemental Carbon & d13CEC over Canada
In Comparison with Beijing, China
Beijing
Alert
East Trout Lake
Fraserdale
Egbert
Toronto
StartTime EndTime EC (gC/m )d CSmp-VPDB EC (ngC/m3) d CSamp-VPDB EC (gC/m ) d CSmp-VPDB EC (gC/m ) d CSmp-VPDB EC (gC/m ) d CSamp-VPDB EC (gC/m3) d13CSamp-VPDB
Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d. Mean s.d.
3 13
2005-May
2006-May
2007-May
2008-May
2009-May
2010-May
2005-Oct
2006-Oct
2007-Oct
2008-Oct
2009-Oct
2010-Oct
6.1
7.5
8.5
6.1
6.5
7.1
2005-Nov.
2006-Nov.
2007-Nov.
2008-Nov.
2009-Nov.
2006-Apr
2007-Apr
2008-Apr
2009-Apr
2010-Apr
10.9 7.6
10.2 6.3 -25.4
12.2 10.2 -25.2
9.6
5.1 -24.8
12.2 7.5 -25.1
3.2
2.8 -26.4
2.3 -26.5
1.9 -25.6
1.9 -26.5
1.9 -26.6
13
0.40
0.36
0.43
0.63
0.75
0.56
0.30
0.52
0.68
3
10.6
10.8
17.6
14.1
7.13
6.15
24.2
9.65
-25.7
-26.3
-25.7
-26.1
0.4
0.4
1.2
1.0
14.9
28.5
66.9
37.4
28.6
13.6
19.8
50.2
23.5
29.6
-27.8
-27.8
-27.8
-27.9
-27.1
1.1
1.4
0.2
1.7
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.9
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
Lin Huang, 1st NETCARE workshop, Nov.19, 2013
0.7
0.2
0.6
0.1
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
13
-26.9
-27.8
-26.9
-26.4
-26.8
-27.5
-27.9
-26.2
-26.3
3
13
3
13
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
-26.1
-26.4
-26.5
-26.6
-26.5
0.9
0.5
0.4
0.7
1.1
0.6
0.9
0.8
0.6
0.7
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
-26.3
-26.2
-25.9
-26.2
-26.4
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.4
1.1
0.9
0.8
0.9
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
-26.5
-26.3
-26.5
-26.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.9
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
-25.9
-26.3
-26.2
-26.0
-26.1
-26.2
0.7
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.2
-26.5
-26.1
-26.0
-25.9
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
-26.7
-26.7
-26.5
-26.5
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.2
Environment
Canada
Environnement
Canada
Measurement Plan for NETCARE
For source apportionments of EC to understand contributions from
fossil fuels and biomass burning via

14C

14C
measurements of EC in snow samples
measurements of EC in air samples at Alert (collaborative with Univ. of
Stockholm)
For understanding the impacts of Asian-Pacific transport on the Arctic
and the west of North America

A possible measurement site at Mauna Loa between the Asia and North
America for EC/OC and carbon isotope measurements (collaborative with
GMD/ESRL/NOAA)
?
Lin Huang, 1st NETCARE workshop, Nov.19, 2013
Environment
Canada
Environnement
Canada