Information Platform for Animal health and GM Feed (IPAFeed)
WORKSHOP for policy makers, Brussels, 17th of July 2015
Kaloyan Kostov
AgroBioInstitute, Bulgaria
1
IPAFeed purposes
The Information Platform for Animal health and GM Feed (IPAFeed) is a free access web
database developed as part of the EU funded project MARLON - “Monitoring of
Animals for Feed-related Risks in the Long Term”.
Purposes:

To serve as a repository of data from the safety assessment of GM feeds for regulatory
or risk management purposes.

To store data and provide information for the applicability of different methods for
transgenic DNA and protein detection.

To provide data about existing health monitoring initiatives.
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IPAFeed content
IPAFeed consists of three sections according to the content:
1. “GM feed consumption“
2. "DNA and protein detection”
3. "Health monitoring programs”
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“GM feed consumption“ section
“GM feed consumption“ section
Contains data from studies (mostly controlled trials) assessing
health impact of GM feed to livestock animals
Data sources:

Published papers containing data from nutritional and safety assessment of GM
feeds.
4
“GM feed consumption“ section
The development of the “GM feed consumption“ section of IPAFeed database is a stepwise
process.

Definition of content, structure and functionality

Development of protocol for search and selection of literature and data extraction
procedure

Systematic literature search

Selection of relevant publications

Data extraction

Checks for errors

Implementation in MySQL database

Web interface development
5
“GM feed consumption“ section
Type of data included in the “GM feed consumption“ section:

Description of the animal: e.g. poultry, swine, ruminants and fish.

Description of the GM ingredients used in the feed – e.g. Bt maize – grain, silage,
plant residue, composition of diet etc.

Experimental design: number of animals, duration of experiment etc.

Measurements of health, nutrition and productivity parameters: e.g. feed intake,
gain, feed conversion, milk yield, histological, digestive, metabolic, hormonal and
immune factor responses.

Reported significant difference in comparison with animals fed with non-GM isogenic
counterpart.
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“GM feed consumption“ section
Structure
Functions
Query (Search) by:
• type of animal
• type of GM feed – crop, trait,
event
• type of health parameter
Reports on:
• health parameter measurements
• statistical difference
• reference
Reports export in:
• CSV file format
7
“GM feed consumption“ section
Data selection and extraction protocol
Aim:

To find and extract data from original studies that assess growth, health and productivity
parameters of livestock animals fed with GMO-containing feeds.
Selection criteria:
In order to be included in the database a study needs to fulfill each of the following criteria:

Relevant populations: Cattle, pig, sheep, goat, poultry and fish.

Relevant exposure: Feed containing genetically modified organisms.

Relevant comparator: Feed containing the non-genetically modified conventional counterpart of
the respective GMOs.

Relevant outcomes: Measurements of any growth, health and productivity parameters.
8
“GM feed consumption“ section
Data selection and extraction protocol
Search strategy:

The search of original research articles was performed using Scopus (http://www.scopus.com/
website), a large abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature using the following
search string: TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "genetically modified"
OR
"genetically engineered"
OR
biotech* OR transgenic ) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ( cattle OR dairy OR cow* OR goat OR
rabbit OR farm* OR fish OR poultry OR chicken OR hen OR pig* OR sheep OR calf )
AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ( fed OR feeding OR consumption OR diet ) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (
maize OR corn OR rice OR soybean OR soya OR rapeseed OR potato )
9
“GM feed consumption“ section
Data selection and extraction protocol
Appling selection criteria:

One reviewer performed the selection of the studies, which fulfil the inclusion criteria at
three stages. At first, articles are selected by their title to remove highly irrelevant studies
from the overall search results, followed by the second stage in which the inclusion criteria
are applied against the abstracts of the articles. In the third stage, the articles are reviewed
in full text for the presence of each of the elements needed for the inclusion.
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“GM feed consumption“ section
Attribute
Animal
Gender
Group_number
N
GM_crop
GM_trait
Inserted_gene
GM_event
Feed_type
GM_content_in_the_feed
Definition
Name of the animal
Name of the gender of the animals
Number of animals in one group
Total number of animals
Name of the crop
Name of the GM trait
Name of the inserted gene
Name of the GM event
Name of the type of feed
Percentage of GM material in the feed
Type
Characters
Characters
Number
Number
Characters
Characters
Characters
Characters
Characters
Number and characters
Methods" section of the papers, while the
Duration
Period in which animals have been fed with GM feed
Number and characters
measurements of productivity and health
Type_of_parameter
Name_of_the_parameter
Name of the group of parameters: Growth and weight gain;
Health; Productivity
Name of the measured parameter
Characters
Characters
parameters were extracted from the
Measurement_units
Unit in which the measurement is presented
Characters
Non_GM_treatment
Value of the measured parameter for control non-GM treatment
Number
GM_treatment
SD_or_SEM_measure
Value of the measured parameter for GM treatment
Variance
Number
Characters
GM_treatment_SD_or_SEM
Value of the variance for control non-GM treatment
Number
Non-GM_treatment_SD_or_SEM
Value of the variance for GM treatment
Number
Statistical_difference
The statistical difference as stated by the authors
Characters
Remarks
Short_Reference
Any additional information regarding the current record
Short bibliographic reference
Characters
Characters
Source
Link_to_publication
Full_Reference
Figure or table from which the measurement originates
Web link or DOI to the publication
Full bibliographic reference
Characters
Characters
Characters
Data extraction procedure:
Details about the performed experiment
were extracted from the "Materials and
tables and graphs as provided by the
authors in standardized data extraction
sheet.
Check for errors was performed on 20%
subset of randomly selected records.
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"DNA and protein detection” section
"DNA and protein detection” section
Contains data about the detection of transgenic DNA and
proteins in livestock animals feed with GM ingredients
containing feeds
Sources of the data:

Published papers from scientific studies about the detection of transgenic DNA and proteins
in livestock animals
12
"DNA and protein detection” section
The development of the “GM feed consumption“ section of IPAFeed database is a stepwise
process.

Definition of content, structure and functionality

Development of protocol for search and selection of literature and data extraction
procedure

Systematic literature search

Selection of relevant publications

Data extraction

Checks for errors

Implementation in MySQL database

Web interface development
13
"DNA and protein detection” section
Type of data included in the "DNA and protein detection” section:

Description of the animals: e.g. poultry, swine, ruminants and fish.

Description of the GM ingredients in the feed – e.g. Bt maize – grain, silage,
plant residue, composition of diet etc.

Experimental design: number of animals, duration of experiment etc.

Positive or negative detection of a single copy transgenes or newly expressed
proteins

Positive or negative detection endogenous genes or proteins
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"DNA and protein detection” section
Structure
Functions:
Query (Search) by:
• type of animal
• type of GM feed – crop, trait, event
• type of animal tissue
Reports on:
• positive or negative detection –
size of fragment and quantity
• detection method
• reference
Reports export in:
• CSV and PDF file formats
15
"DNA and protein detection” section
Data selection and extraction protocol
Aim:

To find and extract data from original studies that assess the detection of transgenic DNA or newly
expressed proteins in livestock animals fed with GMO-containing feeds.
Selection criteria:
In order to be included in the database a study needs to include each of the following criteria:

Relevant population(s): Cattle, pig, sheep, goat, poultry and fish.

Relevant exposure: Feed containing genetically modified organisms (GMO).

Relevant comparator: Feed containing the non-genetically modified conventional counterpart of the
respective GMOs

Relevant outcomes: Any measurements of the presence or absence of transgenic DNA or newly expressed
proteins in animals tissues, organs or fluids.
16
"DNA and protein detection” section
Data selection and extraction protocol
Search strategy:

The search of original research articles was performed using Scopus (http://www.scopus.com/
website), a large abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature using the following
search string: TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "genetically modified" OR "genetically engineered" OR biotech*
OR transgenic ) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ( cattle OR dairy OR cow* OR goat OR rabbit OR
farm* OR fish OR poultry OR chicken OR hen OR pig* OR sheep OR calf ) AND TITLEABS-KEY ( fed OR feeding OR consumption OR diet ) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ( maize OR
corn OR rice OR soybean OR soya OR rapeseed OR potato )
17
"DNA and protein detection” section
Data selection and extraction protocol
Appling selection criteria:

One reviewer performed the selection of the studies, which fulfil the inclusion criteria at three
stages. At first, articles are selected by their title to remove highly irrelevant studies from the overall
search results, followed by the second stage in which the inclusion criteria are applied against the
abstracts of the articles. In the third stage, the articles are reviewed in full text for the presence of
each of the elements needed for the inclusion.
18
"DNA and protein detection” section
Element name
Animal
Animal_breed
Gender
Definition
Name of the animal
Name of the animal breed
Name of the gender of the animal
Type
Characters
Characters
Characters
Group_number
GM_crop
GM_trait
Inserted_gene
GM_event
Feed_type
Number of animal in the group for each treatment
Name of the crop
Name of the GM trait
Name of the inserted gene
Name of the GM event
Name of the type of feed
Number
Characters
Characters
Characters
Characters
Characters
GM_content_in_the_feed
Percentage of GM material in the feed
Number and characters
Duration
Number and characters
Time_point_of_sampling
Period in which animals have been fed with GM feed
Time point of the sampling from the beginning of the
experiment
Detection_method
Name of the method used for detection
Characters
Measurement_endpoint
Name of measured endpoint such as DNA or protein
Characters
Probes_for_detection
Name of probes used for detection
Characters
Type_of_sample
Sample
Name of the type of the sample such as blood digesta
content, egg excreta, milk, muscule tissue
Name of the sample
Characters
Characters
Measurement_units
Name of experiment outcome measurement
Characters
GM_treatment
Measured outcome for the GM treatment
Characters
NonGM_treatment
Measured outcome for the non-GM treatment
Characters
Check for errors was performed on 20%
References
Full_references
Any information which may be relevant
Bibliographic reference
Characters
Characters
subset of randomly selected entries.
Source
Link_to_publication
Table or figure from which the data originates
Web link or DOI to the publication
Characters
Characters
Data extraction:
Details about the performed experiments
were extracted from the "Materials and
Methods" section of the papers, while the
measurements of the presence or absence
of transgenic DNA or newly expressed
proteins were extracted from the tables and
graphs as provided by the authors.
All
the
information
was
entered
in
standardized data extraction sheet
Number and characters
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“Health monitoring programs” section
“Health monitoring programs” section
Data about ongoing health monitoring programs in EU
countries (Netherlands, Germany and Bulgaria)
Sources of the data: Data actively collected in the course of MARLON project and published in WP1 report
Type of data:
Functions:
•
Country name
•
System name
•
Organisation name
•
country
•
Aim
•
type of animal
•
Target animals
Query (Search) by:
Reports on:
•
system name and purpose
•
organisation
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IPAFeed - Information Platform for Animal health and GM Feed
IPAFeed is available online at
http://ipafeed.eu
21
IPAFeed - “GM feed consumption" section
GM
contains
feed
consumption"
around
2000
section
records
of
measurements from the comparison of
growth, health and productivity parameters
of livestock animals fed with GM and nonGM feed originating from 47 studies.
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IPAFeed - “GM feed consumption" section
Each record contains 25 attributes describing
the animal, the characteristics of the GMO in the
feed, the type of feed, the duration of the trail, the
measured parameter and the observed statistical
differences as stated by the authors as well as the
reference and link to the original publication.
23
IPAFeed - “GM feed consumption" section
A protocol describes the
procedure for data selection
and extraction
24
IPAFeed - “DNA and protein detection” section
Contains about 900 records of the results from
experiments aimed to detect transgenic DNA
fragments
or
newly
expressed
proteins
in
livestock tissues and fluids such as blood,
kidney, liver, milk, egg, gastrointestinal tract
content, etc originating from 35 scientific papers.
25
IPAFeed - “DNA and protein detection” section
Each record contains 24 attributes describing
the animal, the characteristics of the GMO in the
feed, the type of feed, the duration of the trail,
the target for detection, the used detection
method and the measured outcome as stated
by the authors as well as the reference and link
to the original publication.
26
IPAFeed - “DNA and protein detection” section
A
Protocol
describes
the
procedure for data selection and
extraction
27
IPAFeed - "Health monitoring programs" section
"Health
monitoring
programs"
section contains 78 records of systems
and
initiatives
for
monitoring
and
surveillance of livestock animal health
in Germany, Netherlands and Bulgaria.
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IPAFeed - "Health monitoring programs" section
Each
record
contains
7
attributes
describing the name of the program, the
country where the program is active, the
animals at focus, the availability of feed
data, the responsible institution and link to
the institution website
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IPAFeed - Information Platform for Animal health and GM Feed
Thank you for your attention!
Visit IPAFeed at http://ipafeed.eu
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