EnviroResources Ltd
Landfill Diversion with Energy-from-Waste
Richard Entwistle,
Managing Director, EnviroResources (Asia) Ltd
September 2006
Global and Local Challenges
• Environmental protection and climate change are the defining
challenges of our age. No question!
• Energy-from-waste technology provides three vital benefits:
• Waste reduction and diversion from landfill/sea dumping
• Renewable energy commitments
• Reduced CO2 emissions
• Landfill sites should be Integrated Waste Management facilities.
• Landfill operators with energy-from-waste facilities should be
regarded and supported as key community utility operations
Landfill Application – Resource Recovery
One of Hong Kong’s ‘nearly full’ large landfill sites!
Landfill Application – EU Directive
•
ALL WASTE destined for landfill to be PRE-TREATED
• Member States shall ensure that only waste that has been
subjected to ‘treatment’ is landfilled
• ‘Treatment’ is the physical, chemical or biological processes,
including sorting, that change the characteristics of the waste
in order to reduce its volume or hazardous nature, facilitate its
handling or enhance recovery
• Not yet the case many landfills – sadly
Landfill Application – Resource Recovery
WASTE SEPARATION
RECYCLATES
RDF PRODUCED
COMPOSTIBLES
RECYCLING
19-21%
ADVANCED THERMAL
CONVERSION PLANT
31-33%
REACTORS
31-33%
REJECTS
INERT ASH
TOTAL REJECTS
TO LANDFILL
25-28%
REJECTS
FINISHED
COMPOST
13-14%
Landfill Diversion – Waste Streams
•
Municipal waste management
•
Sewage sludge processing
•
Clinical and pharmaceutical waste processing
•
Hazardous and difficult waste processing
•
Agricultural waste processing
•
Industrial and food waste
Landfill Application – Resource Recovery
??
One of Hong Kong’s Nearly Full Landfill Sites!
Integrated Resource Recovery Facility
Landfill Application – Resource Recovery
Landfill Application – Resource Recovery
Energy from Waste – Compact Power MT8
The Process
Pyrolysis
- Materials heated in the absence of oxygen
- Temperature up to 800ºC
- Hydrocarbons converted to simple gases
- Residues of carbon char and inert materials
GAS
PRODUCTION
Gasification
- Carbon residues reacted out with air
and steam
- Hydrogen and carbon monoxide
produced
GAS
COMBUSTION
Energy Conversion
-Exhaust gases passed through a steam
boiler
- Up to 80% of available energy from waste
recovered
- Steam used for power generation and/or
combined heat and power (CHP)
applications
ENERGY
RECOVERY
High Temperature Oxidation
- Gases reacted at high temperature
(1,250ºC) for more than 2 seconds
- Organic pollutants & particulates
destroyed
- Energy released
The Process
Feed
Preparation
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Energy
Recovery
Oxidation
Flue Gas
Clean Up
materials recovery
Sodium
Bicarbonate
Boiler
WASTE
bypass
damper
cyclonic
separator
particulates
>10 microns
compacting
air lock
Bag Filter
Condenser
Turbine
Ammonia
1250°C
DeNOx
Catalyst
Electricity
Heat
Stack
air
bottom
ash
steam
air
carbon
recycling
Fuel
(warm-up
only)
UK Avonmouth Plant – Five Years Operation
1.
First operational plant in the UK to receive Environment Agency
IPPC certificate – UK designed, built and operating
2.
Tested on Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), unsorted MSW, sewage
sludge, industrial wastes, tyres, paper.
3.
Commercial facility currently processing toxic clinical,
pharmaceutical & confidential waste
The Process - Modularity
MT8
2G
MT4 - 1G
1g
heat
&
power
industrial
industrial
clinical
MSW
MSW
clinical
MSW
Waste Feed
Pyrolyser/Gasifier/Oxidiser
Energy Recovery
Flue Gas Remediation
Mechanical Installation
DryVac Sludge Dewatering & Drying
Integrated UK Solutions to Waste
Municipal Solid Waste
(MSW)
transfer station:
sorting
Compost
for
agriculture
composting
plant
industrial waste
recycling facility
Waste
Non-agricultural
grade compost
Industrial / Domestic
recovered materials for
reprocessing (e.g. plastics)
shredded tyres
Compact Power
plant
Combined
Heat &
Power
clinical waste
Effluent from dewatering
of sludge
Sewerage
system
sewage
sewage
treatment works
Dried
sludge
Process
Heat
Dewatering / drying
Treated effluent
Water
for
irrigation
Environmental - Emissions
mg/Nm3
EU Directive Limits
11% 02@ 273K & 101.3kPa
[Typical Incinerator Limits]
s: spot / d:daily
Compact Power
UK Plant
½ hour
[Typical Incinerator]
10 (d) [100]
30
0.2 [10]
10 (d)
20
Trace
200 (d) [200]
400
<37 [50]
HCl
10 (d) [50]
60
2 [10]
HF
1 (d)
4
<0.1
SO2
50 (d) [300]
200
< 2.5 [10]
CO
50 (d) [600]
150
Trace [50]
Particulates
VOC’s as carbon
NO (NO + NO2)
Cd & Tl
0.05 (s)
0.006
Mercury
0.05 (s)
0.006
Pb Cr Cu Mn Ni As Sb Co V Sn
0.5 (s)
0.006
0.1 (s) [0.1]
<0.003 [0.1]
N2 O
30 (d)
Trace
NH3
10 (d)
Dioxins TEQ ng/Nm3
20
<1
Key Benefits Summary
Landfill Operation:
•
Real landfill reduction – up to 75+%
•
Elimination of waste disposal public health problems
•
An integrated waste management utility operation
•
Usable heat and power – Distributed generation
•
Reduction of greenhouse gases + Renewable energy credits
Compact Power EfW Technology:
•
Best Available Technology – Pyrolysis and gasification
•
Negligible emissions – Well away from strict limits
•
Processes full range of waste materials
•
Modular design – Sized for specific application
•
It works – Proven for today and for the next 20+ years
EnviroResources Ltd – Company Overview
1.
Located at London Gatwick Airport, EnviroResources Ltd (ERL) was
incorporated in the UK in September 2005
2.
ERL is worldwide parent and head office for a group of companies –
with its Project Support Office in Hong Kong, and an in-house
manufacturing and R&D facility in Sundsvall, Sweden
3.
ERL is a project development company delivering proven, state-of-theart pyrolysis & gasification technology for energy-from-waste
applications.
4.
ERL build, own and operate/transfer (BOO/BOOT) projects
5.
ERL owns 10% of UK Compact Power PLC (traded on the London AIM
market) and is Compact Power’s second largest shareholder
EnviroResources Ltd
EnviroResources Ltd
Suite 118, London Gatwick Airport
West Sussex, RH6 0DW
United Kingdom
EnviroResources (Asia) Ltd
2309 Tuen Mun Parklane Square
2 Tuen Hi Road, Tuen Mun, NT
Hong Kong
Tel: +44 (0)129 350 5196
Fax: +44 (0)129 350 5220
Tel: +852 2613 2073
Fax: +852 2613 2074
email: [email protected]
www.enviroresources.co.uk
THANK YOU