Biology Final Study for Multiple Choice Questions
USE YOUR STUDY GUIDES & NOTES!!! Be able to explain, define, & give examples for appropriate terms.
Test 1 – Ch. 1 (10 Qs)
Vocab & Concepts
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Goals of science
Controlled experiment
Experiment
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Microscope Diagrams
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Law
Theory
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Characteristics of living
things
Parts of a Microscope
What are the goals of science?
What do scientists use to generate a hypothesis?
What two things must an EXPERIMENT have in order to be reliable?
What are the characteristics of living things?
What are the steps of the Scientific Method?
What are the levels of organization?
Test 2 – Ch. 2 (12 Qs + Element Table Diagram)
Vocab & Concepts
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Covaelent & Ionic Bonds
Isotopes & Ions
pH Levels
o
acidic levels
o
basic levels
Molecules
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Atomic mass (mass #),
Atomic number, element
name
Characteristics and
examples of
macromolecules (lipids,
proteins, nucleic acids,)
Diagrams
Figure 1
A
B
C
Figure 2
The mass number is the sum of what?
The atomic mass is equal to the number of what?
What does the nucleus consist of?
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
What is a substance made up of only one kind of atom?
What is a substance made of a combination of two elements?
An isotope of an element, changes in number of what?
The element, nitrogen has how many protons & neutrons?
The isotope of nitrogen -8 has how many protons & neutrons?
If an element has a total of 7 electrons, how many electrons does it need to be stable? What if the element has
9 total electrons?
What is the difference between an isotope and an ion?
What do covalent bonds create? What do ionic bonds create?
What kind of bond is created when two elements share electrons?
What kind of bond is created when electrons are transferred?
When would an atom have a negative charge? Positive charge?
What is the difference between single & double bonds? And how many pairs of electrons are there for each?
What pH levels are considered basic? Acidic?
An acid produces what kind of ions in a solution? A base?
What are 2 examples of an acid? 2 examples of a base?
What can an acid be neutralized by?
What are the two major groups of carbohydrates?
What are 3 examples of lipids?
What is the function of proteins?
What are the two basic groups of nucleic acids?
What is the name of the sugar that is in DNA? RNA?
What is the purpose of nucleic acids?
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Using the figure below, name the element, the appropriate atomic number, the
number of protons, neutrons, and electrons, as well as the mass number for each
element . There will be other elements given in this format.
Element
Atomic Number
Diagram
Protons
Neutrons
1
Test 3 – Ch. 7 (18 Qs)
Vocab & Concepts
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Passive transport
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Osmosis
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Know functions/descriptions for all organelles
Label all organelles for animal & plant cell
Active diffusion
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis
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Who is given credit for discovering and naming cells?
The first cells were made of what?
Who was given credit for inventing the first compound microscope?
What are the three main ideas of the cell theory?
What are the levels of organization?
What parts of the cell are examples of organelles and what parts of the cell are not?
What is a solution that has the same amount of concentration of solutes as a living cell?
Mitochondria provide the cell with what?
What do prokaryotes lack that eukaryotes have?
What are examples of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
What is diffusion?
What is osmosis?
What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?
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Diagrams
Electrons
Mass Number
1
1
Pinocytosis
Isotonic solution
Hypertonic solution
hypotonic solutions
Test 4 – Ch. 8 (5 Qs)
Vocab & Concepts
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Autotrophs
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heterotrophs
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Photosynthesis
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incomplete dominance
Genes
alleles
What are differences between autrotrophs and heterotrophs?
What are examples of autotrophs? Heterotrophs?
Describe light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions?
What are the main parts of an ATP molecule?
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
What components are needed, are used, and are produced in photosynthesis?
Test 5 – Ch. 10,11 (22Qs)
Vocab & Concepts
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Cell Division
Interphase
G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase
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M phase
Mitosis
cytokinesis
principle of dominance
codominance
What is the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called?
What happens in the S phase?
What happens in the G1 phase?
What are the steps of mitosis in order?
What happens in each step of mitosis?
What step do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?
In what step does the cell begin to split into two daughter cells?
What did Mendel use to study the inheritance of traits?
What are the four principle’s that Mendel summarized?
What is the difference between heterozygous and homozygous? Give an example.
Mendel used pea plants to study what?
What does the principle of dominance state?
What does the principle of segregation state?
What does the principle of independent assortment state?
In what case would a plant have the same phenotype but different genotype?
What is an allele?
What is codominance?
What is incomplete dominance?
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Diagrams
Test 6 – Ch. 11- Meiosis (7 Qs)
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Gametes
Crossing Over
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Gamete formation for
males, females
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Steps in Meiosis
What do both steps of meiosis I and meiosis II have in common?
Which meiosis produces diploid cells? haploid cells?
In which meiosis does chromosome replication occur?
In which meiosis are there tetrads?
How many diploid/haploid cells are produced in meiosis I and meiosis II respectively?
If an organism has 2N=16, what is N=?
If the body cells of humans contain 46 chromosomes, a single sperm cell should have how many?
During meiosis, the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of what?
Compared to egg cells formed during meiosis, daughter cells formed during mitosis are what?
In many female animals, meiosis results in the production of what 4 cells?
The formation of a tetrad occurs during which phase?
How many alleles do gametes have for each gene?
How many chromosomes are in a tetrad?
Possible Essay Questions –
Write answers on another sheet of paper for more room.
What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?
How do light microscopes differ from electron microscopes?
Can a theory change over time? Explain your answer.
How would one determine whether something was living or nonliving?
List the steps of the scientific method.
List all the characteristics of life.
Name the levels in order from largest to smallest.
Compare protons, electrons, and neutrons with respect to location, and electric charge.
Describe the similarities and differences between a solution, and suspension give an
example of each.
Differentiate between a covalent bond and an ionic bond.
Compare and Contrast the structures of an animal and plant cell.
Differentiate between a prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell.
What are two types of active transport?
Explain the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
Differentiate between genotypes and phenotypes and give an example of each.
Differentiate between the Law of Dominance, Incomplete Dominance and Codominance
and give an example of each.
Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis.