NAME ____________________________________
Bio A Energy and Photosynthesis Notes
•
What is Energy?
–
Kinetic Energy?
Examples
•
–
Potential Energy?
Examples
•
•
What is the Conservation of Energy?
Energy of life = ATP
ADP
Adenosine Tri Phosphate (ATP)
Adenine
Ribose
and
ATP
3 Phosphate groups
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate
Who uses it?
Structurally similar to a _____________________________
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP
NAME ____________________________________
Photosynthesis
-
Goal is to capture kinetic light energy and convert it to stored potential
energy in the form of ____________________________
EQUATION __________________________________________________________________________
Light Energy
• Light is a form of _______________________ energy called Electromagnetic
radiation
– Travels in waves (and particles)
– Different wavelengths give the energy different properties
•
Blue light has more energy than red
light (its faster for a small wave to
move than a long wave----think of
jumping rope!)
Plants and Light
•
Visible light = small part of
electromagnetic spectrum
•
Sunlight is a mixture of all colors of
light. Each color of light has a different
wavelength, and thus a different
amount of energy.
•
Plants only use visible wavelengths of
light.
Pigments – Anything that absorbs light
NAME ____________________________________
Why are…
Black shirts black?
White shirts white?
So what colors are important for
plants???
NAME ____________________________________
Chloroplasts – Where photosynthesis takes place in plant cells
•
Chloroplast: Site of photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells.
•
____________________: Disk shaped membranes containing photosynthetic
pigments. Site of light dependent reactions.
•
___________________: Stacks of thylakoids.
•
___________________: Fluid filled space surrounding grana. Site of light
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
NADP+
ADP + P
Calvin
Cycle
LightDependent
Reactions
ATP
NADPH
independent reactions.
Light Dependent Reactions
•
All the reactions of photosynthesis that are directly dependent upon
light are known as the light dependent reactions.
•
The light dependent reactions occur in the part of the cell known as the
thylakoids (Stacks of thylakoids are known as grana.).
NAME ____________________________________
•
Many chlorophyll molecules are found embedded into the membranes
of the thylakoids.
•
The purpose of the light reactions is to convert light energy into
chemical energy in the form of _______________________________________
•
•
ATP & NADPH are energy _________________.
•
ATP carries energy
•
NADPH carries high energy electrons and hydrogen ions
They carry energy to the 2nd part of photosynthesis
Two parts of light reactions
•
Photosystem II
– Happens 1st
– Part of light reactions that ultimately generates ______________
molecules
•
Photosystem I
– Happen 2nd
– Part of light reactions that ultimately generate _____________ molecules
How the photosystems work
•
•
•
•
•
Electrons (from water) exited
by particles of light (photons)
Exited electrons used to
generate ATP and NADPH
See handout for how it works.
Big idea is knowing what each
photosystem does.
ALL ABOUT TRANSFERING
ENERGY OVER TO CALVIN
CYCLE!!!
NAME ____________________________________
CALVIN CYCLE
-
also known as _______________________________________________________
-
All reactions of photosynthesis not directly dependent upon light are
known as the light independent reactions. They occur whether there is
light present or not.
-
The light independent reactions occur in the part of the chloroplast
known as the _________________________.
-
The purpose of the light independent reactions is to take the energy
from ATP and energized electrons and hydrogen ions from NADPH and
add them to CO2 to make glucose or sugar.
HOW MANY TIMES DOES THIS HAVE TO HAPPEN TO MAKE ONE GLUCOSE????
NAME ____________________________________
Effects of environment on photosynthesis
NAME ____________________________________