18th International Symposium on Iron Nutrition and Interaction in Plants
Madrid – May 30-June 3 2016
RESPONSE RATE OF TWO DIFFERENT VINEYARD ROOTSTOCKS TO IRON DEFICIENCY IN
HYDROPONIC CULTURE
Felipe Yunta(1)*, Patricia Muñoz(1), Laura Caminero(2), Agustín Gárate(1)
Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento de Química Agrícola y
Bromatogología. Campus Cantoblanco. 28049 Madrid- Spain
(2) Gobierno de Navarra. Departamento DRMAyAL. Negociado de Viticultura
*[email protected]
(1)Universidad
Iron chlorosis is a widespread nutritional disorder affecting crops grown in Meditarrean climates. The choice
of adequate rootstocks in grapevines is important to reduce the effect of a low Fe availability when plants are
grown on soils with high lime content. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the response pattern of
two different vine rootstocks 41B (V.Vinifera cv. Chasselas x Vitis berlandieri) and 140Ruggieri (V.Berlandieri
cv. Rességuier 2 x Vitis rupestris cv. du Lot) when were hydroponically grown on three low iron doses.
Experimental design was arranged to grow 25 vines (15 vines for 41B rootstock and 10 for 140Ru rootstock)
on methacrylate cylinders containing 7 L of a standard Hoagland nutrient solution at three iron levels (2M,
5M and 10M HBED/Fe3+). The vegetative trial was left for 35 days in a greenhouse. SPAD index (SPAD
Chlorophyll meter Minolta 502; Osaka, Japan) was recorded twice a week in one full expanded leaf per vine
along trial. The Fe Chelate Reductase (FCR) of the roots was measured using Fe-ethylene diamine tetraacetic
acid (EDTA) as substrate. Reduction of Fe3+- chelate was measured spectrophotometrically with the ferrous
color reagent BPDS at 535 nm. Chlorophyll content was determined at 645 nm and 663 nm after extraction
with acetone solution. Leaves and roots were split into young and old, and petioles and stems were also
collected at sampling time. Leaves, stems, roots and flowers were separated, washed, weighed and dryed.
Total Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations were analyzed in all plant parts by FAAS after acid digestion with
H2SO4 and H2O2. In general, no severe visual iron deficiency symptoms were observed for 140Ru rootstock
during the vegetative experiment but great yellowness was detected in young leaves for 41B rootstock when
treated with 2μM HBED/Fe3+. Thus, SPAD values for 140Ru rootstock were ranged between 25-30 regardless
for all iron treatments throughout trial while SPAD values for 41B rootstock dropped to 5 value indicating
severe iron deficiency at 2M HBED/Fe3+. Chlorophyll content was strongly correlated to those SPAD values
for 41B rootstock (R = 0.939). Activity of Fe Chelate Reductase (FCR) was significantly higher for 140Ru
(0.632 molFe·g-1 fresh root) than for 41B (0.158 molFe·g-1 fresh root) when both treated with 2M
HBED/Fe+3. Physiological response to iron treatments was observed for 41B when total iron concentration
was measured on young leaves. Thus total iron concentration increased from 33 to 56 mg/Kg as iron in nutrient
solution increased from 2 to 10 M. Additionally, total Fe content in whole plant (leaves+roots+petioles+stem)
was three times lower for 41B rootstock (750 g) than for 140Ru (2500 g) at lowest Fe level (2 M) in nutrient
solution indicating the different behavior pattern of both vine rootstocks to iron deficiency. In summary, the
vine rootstocks 41B shows a specific sensitivity to a low Fe supply compared to the 140Ru rootstock. This
behavior can be useful to select the convenient rootstock for soils with a low Fe availability as in calcareous
soils.
Keywords: Iron chlorosis, vineyards, rootstocks, SPAD, Fe III-FCR
REFERENCES
Álvarez-Fernández, A., Melgar, J.C., Abadía, J. and Abadía, A. 2011 Environ. Exp. Bot. 71, 280–286.
Lucena, J. J.; Chaney, R. L. 2006 J. Plant Nutr., 29, 423–439.
Nadal, P., García-Delgado, C., Hernández, D., López-Rayo, S. and Lucena, J.J. 2012. Plant and Soil 356,
349–362.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This work has been funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (Project
44474 - R)
1
AGL 2013 –