Essential Biology 09: Plant Science (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Topic 9.2:#1-30
1. Outline how the following structures of the roots are beneficial to the plant:
a. Branching roots
b. Root hairs
c. Tap roots
d. Wide-reaching roots
2. Match up the following mineral ions with their functions in plants:
Nitrates
(NO3−)
Phosphates
(HPO4−)
Potassium
(K+)
Stimulate root growth and
flowering
Regulation of water use/ loss
Amino acid/ protein production
3. Describe these three methods of mineral ion movement through the soil to the
roots:
a. Diffusion
b. Mass flow
c. Via fungal hyphae (how is this relationship mutualistic?)
4. Explain why mineral ions need to be taken up by active transport in the roots.
(Go all the way back to membrane transport!)
5. Distinguish between anions and cations.
6. What is the source of energy used in active transport at the root hairs?
Essential Biology 09: Plant Science (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Topic 9.2:#1-30
7. Annotate the diagram below to explain the uptake of cations by mineral exchange.
8. Annotate the diagram below to explain the uptake of anions by symport.
9. Identify one step in ion uptake which is common to both symport and ion exchange.
Essential Biology 09: Plant Science (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Topic 9.2:#1-30
10. Describe how the following methods help support a plant:
a. Thickened cellulose
b. Lignified xylem
c. Cell turgor
11. Define transpiration.
12. Annotate the diagram to explain how the structure of primary xylem facilitates
transpiration.
13. Outline how water leaves the leaves of a plant
Essential Biology 09: Plant Science (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Topic 9.2:#1-30
14. State one property of water which allows a transpiration pull to be generated.
15. Explain how the action of guard cells allows the plant to balance CO2 uptake with
control over water loss.
16. Outline factors cause the opening of the stoma.
17. Outline the hormones and other factors which cause the closing of the stoma.
18. Draw and label a simple diagram to show the open and closed stomata.
Include cell turgor, water pressure.
19. Define boundary layer.
20. Explain how the presence of a boundary layer decreases the rate of evaporation of
water from the leaf.
Essential Biology 09: Plant Science (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Topic 9.2:#1-30
21. Complete the table to explain how the following abiotic factors affect the rate of
transpiration:
Effect
Reason
Temperature
Light
Wind
Humidity
22. Define xerophyte.
23. Define hydrophyte.
24. Describe three physical adaptations of xerophytes to minimize water loss.
25. Describe two life cycle adaptations of xerophytes to minimize water loss.
26. Describe how CAM plant metabolism is an adaptation to preventing water loss.
Essential Biology 09: Plant Science (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Topic 9.2:#1-30
27. List three types of macromolecule transported by active translocation.
28. State the function of phloem.
29. Distinguish between source and sink in terms of molecules in plants.
30. Complete the table below to show the sources and sinks of sugars and amino acids in
plants.
Sugars
Sources
Sinks
Amino Acids