Chemistry and Matter Review
What is Matter?
Matter- anything that has mass and takes up
space.
Everything in the world is made of matter.
What is Matter?
• Made of elements (atoms) and compounds/
(molecules).
CO2
Physical vs Chemical Change
• Physical change- Going from solid to liquid or
liquid to gas. Or one solid state to another.
Physical vs Chemical Change
• Chemical change- an change in the
arrangement of the atoms where a new
substance is made.
O
C
Carbon
O
O
Oxygen
C
Carbon Dioxide
O
Law of Conservation of Matter
• Matter is never created or destroyed.
- atoms can be rearranged into different
compounds and substances, but we can not
create or destroy new atoms.
Energy
• Energy is the capacity to do work or transfer
heat.
Energy
2 Types of Energy
1. Kinetic Energy- Moving energy
– Moving people, wind, water, air
– Moving electrons = electricity
– HEAT! Warming molecules are moving faster
2. Potential Energy – Stored energy
– Chemical energy stored in gasoline
– A roller costar at the top of a hill
– A bouncy ball in your hand
Energy
• First law of thermodynamics: Energy can not
be created or destroyed.
– Energy input = Energy output
– Convert energy from one form to the other
– Energy is often lost in the form of heat
Energy
• Second law of thermodynamics- When energy
changes from one form to another, we always
end up with lower quality, less usable energy.
Examples: Only 6% of the energy available in
gasoline actually moves the car, the rest is lost.
Only 5% of electrical energy is used for light the
other 95% is lost as low quality heat.
Order
Disorder