Final Exam Review
1. Daily Grade(s): Either One or Two…Just for
writing in answers in the Review notes today,
tomorrow, and Thursday.
Grades—I Need
them and Some
of You Really Need
Them:
3 Parts
2. Major Grade: Completed Review Packet by End
of Class Thursday—Should be an easy 100%
3. If you are NOT Exempt from the final: You have a
complete, Question and Answer Study Guide to
review before the test
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion,
or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of
speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to
assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Questions Over
“Foundations Era”
(Declaration,
Constitution, and
Amendments 115)
—First amendment, United States Constitution
1. An impact of this amendment on American society—
 Congress cannot mandate a national religion
2. The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments—
 Giving basic rights to freed slaves
3. The SCOTUS case that made segregation legal—
 Plessy V Ferguson (1896)
4. Radical Republicans’ passage of the Civil War amendments,
President Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal, and President
Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society programs were all attempts to
 Improve society through gov’t action
5. Pres. Carter’s decision to pardon Vietnam war
draft evaders is an example of the president’s
role as—
Questions Over
“Foundations Era”
(Declaration,
Constitution, and
Amendments 115)
 Chief executive
In 1998 the House of Representatives voted to
Impeach President Clinton for alleged perjury and
obstruction of justice. Early in 1999, the Senate
failed to reach a simple majority, much less the
2/3rd majority required by the Constitution, to
remove President Clinton from office.
6. What Constitutional Principle did this process
illustrate?
 checks and balances
7. Main Idea of cartoon—
Nominating SCOTUS Justices often creates
controversy
8. Be able to recite the Constitution—
Backward,
in Pig Latin.
Just Kidding…
You don’t really have to recite it in Pig Latin!
8. An example of Social Darwinian thinking is—
 As nature weeds out the unfit members, so also we
shouldn’t clothe and feed the poor.
Questions Over
“The Long Gilded
Age” (Gilded Age,
Progressive Era,
and Roaring 20’s)
Domestic Policy
(1877-1929)
9. In the late 1800’s Social Darwinism was used to
justify—
 The accumulation of great wealth and power
10. An effect of Industrialization on agriculture in the
late 1800’s—
 Increased productivity (think John Deere tractors, etc.)
11. Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) and Gentlemen’s
Agreement with Japan (1907) illustrate—
 Influence of Nativism on foreign policy
12. President T. Roosevelt called a “trustbuster”
because—
 Opposed business monopolies.
13. Gov’t action related to the muckrakers—
 passage of the Meat Inspection Act
14.Upton Sinclair, Ida M Tarbell, and Lincoln Steffens
Questions Over
“The Long Gilded
Age” (Gilded Age,
Progressive Era,
and Roaring 20’s)
Domestic Policy
(1877-1929)
were called muckrakers b/c—
 Raised concerns about negative effects of
industrialization
15.The book that launched the investigation
illustrated in the cartoon—
 The Jungle by U. Sinclair
16. Gov’t response to the situation illustrated in the
cartoon—
 Gov’t inspection of meat processing plants
17. Best definition of Melting Pot Theory—
 Cultures will blend to make a unique US culture
18. Early 1900’s, Progressive reformers sought to
increase citizen participation in government by—
 Allowing the direct election of Senators
Questions Over
“The Long Gilded
Age” (Gilded Age,
Progressive Era,
and Roaring 20’s)
Domestic Policy
(1877-1929)
19. The Federal Reserve System (FED, 1913) and the
Security and Exchange Commission (SEC, 1934)
were both created to—
 Promote economic security
20. Direct election of senators, federal income tax, and
women’s suffrage are all examples of—
 Progressive Era Constitutional Amendments
21.Contributions of L. Hughes and D. Ellington
illustrate the importance of the to the Harlem
Renaissance—
 The creative arts
22. US farmers failed to benefit from 1920’s prosperity
because of—
 Overproduction of agricultural goods.
 Translation: too many farmers growing too many
Questions Over
“The Long Gilded
Age” (Gilded Age,
Progressive Era,
and Roaring 20’s)
Domestic Policy
(1877-1929)
veggies and raising too many cows!
 And chickens, and Llamas, and other stuff.
 Oh…and goats! Market was flooded with goat meat,
goat milk, goat cheese, goat bacon, goat liver, etc.
23. A major problem for farmers in the 1920’s—
 Uh…let’s WAG it…”wild American guess….”
 OVERPRODUCTION…you boneheads!
 (Too many of goats)
24.The Scopes trials of the 1920’s dealt with the
conflict between—
 Science and religion
25. President T. Roosevelt commitment to the proverb
“walk softly and carry a big stick” was most clearly
shown when he—
 Intervened in Latin America affairs (claimed he went
there to “polish his Latin language skills.” J/K…D. Quail)
Questions over
Early 20th
Century Foreign
Policy and WWI
26. The Cartoon illustrates Pres. T. Roosevelt’s actions
in—
 Securing land for the Panama Canal
27. Critics of his actions complained—
 Following a policy of imperialism
28. --30. A 3-for!: SCOTUS Ruling Schenk V US in 1919 is
similar to two later laws, Tinker V Des Moines (1969)
and the US Patriot Act (2001), because:
 ’19 Case: Freedom of speech can be limited by gov’t
 Like the ‘69 case, freedom of speech was the focus.
 Like ’01, the federal gov’t can suspend civil liberities for
national security.
31. The idea of US expansionism, that the US should
attempt to continue to seize land beyond the pacific
coast, was demonstrated by which president’s actions—
 William McKinley annexing the Hawaiian Islands
32.One reason the US entered WWI—
Questions over
Early 20th Century
Foreign Power
and WWI (18981919)
 Principle of freedom of the seas
33.The reason many senators rejected the Treaty of
Versailles after WWI—
 US should avoid international commitments to protect its
own national interests, i.e., isolationism.
34. One major purpose of Pres. Wilson’s 14 Points—
 To set goals for achieving peace after WWI
35.The reason isolationists senators objected to the US
joining the League of nations—
 Getting involved in future foreign wars
36. An economic factor that directly contributed to the
Great Depression—
 buying stocks on margin
Question Over the
Great
Depression/New
Deal Era
(1929-1939)
37. Of these 4 events, which ONE was the CAUSE of the of
the other THREE EFFECTS: Migration of farmers from
Great Plains to CA; New Deal laws to conserve soil;
development of dust bowl conditions in the Great
Plains; publication of J. Steinbeck’s The Grapes of
Wrath?
 Dust Bowl conditions in the Great Plains
38. The reason these “Hoovervilles” emerged—
 Many lost their jobs during the Depression
39. How FDR’s New Deal sought to address problems like
those shown here—
 Providing jobs and home loans to workers
40. The intention of the Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937—
 Avoid the same policies that drew nations into WWI
41. FDR’s initial response to the outbreak of WWII in
Europe in 1939 was to—
 Help arm the European allies (“arsenal of democracy”)
Question Over
WWII
(1939-1945)
42. The Dec. 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor and 9/11/01
are similar in that—
 Major changes in US foreign policy
43. The instructions on this notice resulted in—
 Sending Japanese-Americans to internment camps
44. During WWII one can accurately describe the US
economy by claiming that—
 Federal economic controls increased (i.e., less ‘lazy-faire’)
45. The effect of the end of the war on women who had
taken jobs in defense industries—
 Lost their jobs to returning servicemen
46. The concept established by post-war, war crime
trials in Nuremberg (for Nazis) and Tokyo—
Question Over
WWII
(1939-1945)
 People are accountable for actions in war
47. The principle that connects Nuremberg trials for
Nazi officers after WWII and trial of Saddam Hussein
during the Iraq War (2003-2011)—
 Leaders are accountable for crimes against humanity
48. According to the poster WWII rationing was—
 Applied equally to all Americans
49. A major reason for WWII rationing—
 Ensuring troops were adequately supplied
50. G.I. Bill helped WWII veterans by—
 Giving them several forms of economic security
51. Primary goal of Yalta Conference (1945) between FDR
(US), Churchill (UK), and Stalin (USSR)—
 Settling major WWII issues between wartime “allies”
Questions Over Early
Cold War Era—US
Foreign Policy From
the Late 40’s to the
Early 60’s
52. Primary mission of United Nations (UN)—
 Work for international peace (NOT est. democracy)
53. Important goal of the Marshall Plan—
 Rebuild W. Eurupe (b/c E. Europe was screwed!)
54. Doctrine of Containment is best illustrated by—
 Creation of NATO (or North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
55. Gov’t actions connecting post WWII and post 9/11—
 Monitoring people suspected of risking national security
56. Alien and Sedition Acts of (1798), McCarthy
Hearings of 1950’s, and 2001 USA Patriot Act
created controversy because—
 Issues of civil liberties
57. These events occurred because of—
Questions Over
Early Cold War Era—
US Foreign Policy
From the Late 40’s
to the Early 60’s
 Fear of communism
58. The Civil Liberties most threatened here—
 Freedom of speech
59.Main idea—
 Fear can threaten civil liberties
60.Cartoonist’s is commenting on the event—
 Reaction of US public to alleged communist actions
61. One effect of the Interstate Highway Act of ‘ 56—
 Suburbs
62. Conclusions about these sets of facts: in the ‘40’s FDR
Questions Over Early
Cold War Era—US
Foreign Policy From
the Late 40’s to the
Early 60’s
allowed winning WWII to become a priority over New
Deal; in the 50’s Truman focused more on winning
Korean War than on “fair deal” policies;” and in the
60’s LBJ allowed Vietnam War to become more
important than Great Society policies:
 War often undermines presidents’ plans for domestic
policy
63. Policy of détente—
 Reducing the tension with USSR (a massage)
64. JFK’s response to USSR Nuclear weapons in Cuba
 A naval (not belly-button) quarantine of Cuba
65. Complete the graphic organizer—
 Viet NOW…No…Vietnam
66. Shortly after WWII, Pres. Truman issued
Executive Order 9981 which promises “…equality
of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the
armed forces without regard for race…” The
purpose of E.O. 9981—
 End segregation in the military
Questions Over the
Civil Rights Era
(1954-68) and Civil
Rights Rulings/Laws
67. The leader often associated with this approach—
 MLK of the SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership
Conference)
68. This activity is an example of—
 Nonviolent protest
69. The Civil Rights Act of ‘64 and Americans with
Disabilities Act of ’90 are similar because both—
 Help overcome discrimination against groups
70. The goal of the Voting Rights Act of ‘65 was—
 Remove racial barriers to voting rights
71. A major goal of Pres. L. Johnson’s Great Society
program was to—
Questions Over
the Civil Rights Era
(1954-68) and
Civil Rights
Rulings/Laws
 Reduce poverty
72. A common theme of the SCOTUS ruling in the
Roe V Wade (‘73) and Planned Parent V Casey
(‘92) cases involves a woman’s rights to—
 privacy
73. The common focus of the 1960’s SCOTUS
decisions in Mapp V Ohio, Gideon V Wainwright,
and Miranda V Arizona was—
 The rights of the accused
75. Main idea of this cartoon—
 Pres. Obama should learn from LBJ’s Vietnam mistakes
76. The reason for the War Powers Act (1973)—
 Congress wanted to reclaim the right to authorize
military action
Contemporary
America, Part I:
Vietnam through
the End of the
Cold War (‘70-’90)
77. Reason that Pres. Nixon’s Presidency was
weakened—
 Watergate scandal
78. Main idea of this cartoon is that Pres. Nixon—
 Tried to use foreign policy issues to cover up illegal
activities
79. Based on the cartoon, one effect of Pres. Nixon’s
Source: Herblock, Washington Post, May 27, 1973
actions on the US was—
 Weakened trust in leaders
80. The action Pres. Ford took to try to end the
controversy over the Watergate scandal—
 Pardoning Richard Nixon
81. SALT I and SALT II treaties with the USSR tried to
improve Cold War tensions by—
Contemporary
America, Part I:
Vietnam through
the End of the
Cold War (‘70-’90)
 Limiting nuclear weapons
82. Missile reductions agreements between US and USSR
in ‘72, ‘79, and ‘87 are examples of—
 Détente
83. A major achievement of Pres. Carter—
 Camp David Peace Accord between Israel and Egypt
84. Connection between Pres. Carter’s criticism of
apartheid in S. Africa and Pres. Clinton’s decision to send
troops to Bosnia—
Responses to human rights violations
85. Pres. Reagan supported supply-side economics
through reduced tax rates in an effort to—
 Encourage economic growth
86. Main topic of this 1985 cartoon—
Contemporary
America, Part I:
Vietnam through
the End of the
Cold War (‘70-’90)
 Imbalance of Japanese-US trade
87. If created today, the nation most likely to replace
Japan as the subject—
 China
88. The event most closely associated with the end
of the Cold War—
 Tearing down the Berlin Wall
Contemporary
America, Part I:
Vietnam through
the End of the
Cold War (‘70-’90)
89. Event Pres. Bush is referring to in letter—
 Japanese internment in WWII
90.The purpose of N. American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA) and General Agreement on
Tariffs (GATT)—
 Economic interdependence
Contemporary
America, Part 2:
1990-Present
91.Similarity between elections of Pres. Hayes
(1876) and Pres. George W Bush (2000)—
 Both won electoral vote but lost the popular vote
92.Cartoon responding to what event—
 Dispute over election results of G. W. Bush and Al
Gore
93. After 9/11 attacks the gov’t created—
 Dept. of Homeland Security
94. Main focus of cartoon—
 Growing weakness of social security system
95. Issue illustrated in cartoon closely related to—
 Baby boomers getting older
96. Pres. G. W. Bush’s public statement in 2003 that
Contemporary
America, Part 2:
1990-Present
Iraq had refused to rid itself of “weapons of mass
destruction” since the end of Persian Gulf War of
1991 led the US to take the following action—
 Ordering an Iraq invasion
97.The 2008 cartoon about Pres. Bush’s tax proposal
implies China anticipates—
 A favorable balance of trade with the US
98. The Cartoonist’s point of view—
 Presidents have not learned from history in
failed wars
99. Obama’s use of the internet in his campaign,
Contemporary
America, Part 2:
1990-Present
JFK’s success in the first televised debate, and
Hoover and Smith’s radio campaigns are all
significant because—
 Presidential campaigns adapting to new forms of
media
100. Congress over-riding Nixon’s veto on the
War Powers Act is an example of—
 Checks and balances