Typology Approach
for Building Stock
Energy Assessment
Evaluation of the
TABULA Database
Comparison of Typical Buildings
and Heat Supply Systems
from 12 European Countries
– TABULA Work Report –
TABULA Project Team
August 2012
www.building-typology.eu
Contract N°: IEE/08/495
Coordinator:
Institut Wohnen und Umwelt, Darmstadt / Germany
Project duration: June 2009 - May 2012
The sole responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the authors.
It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Communities.
The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
2
Authors:
Tobias Loga
Kornelia Müller
IWU
Institut Wohnen und Umwelt / Institute for Housing Darmstadt,
and Environment
Germany
Nikolaus Diefenbach
Britta Stein
IWU
(see above)
Elena Dascalaki
Costas Balaras
NOA
National Observatory of Athens
Athens, Greece
Marjana Šijanec Zavrl
Andraž Rakušček
ZRMK
Building and Civil Engineering Institute ZRMK
Ljubljana, Slovenia
Vincenzo Corrado
Stefano Corgnati
Ilaria Ballarini
POLITO
Politecnico di Torino - Department of Energetics
Torino, Italy
Hubert Despretz
ADEME
Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie /
French Energy and Environment Agency
Valbonne, France
Charles Roarty
Michael Hanratty
Bill Sheldrick
Energy
Action
Energy Action Limited
Dublin, Ireland
Marlies van Holm
Nele Renders
VITO
Flemish Institute of Technological Research
Mol, Belgium
Małgorzata Popiołek
NAPE
Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii SA / National Energy
Conservation Agency
Warszawa, Poland
Maria Amtmann
Veronika Wetsch
AEA
Austrian Energy Agency
Wien, Austria
Zdravko Georgiev
SOFENA
SOFIA ENERGY AGENCY
Sofia, Bulgaria
Tomáš Vimmr
Otto Villatoro
STU-K
STU-K
Prague, Czech Republic
Karin Spets
MDH
Mälardalens University (MDH)
Sweden
Kim B. Wittchen
Jesper Kragh
SBi
Danish Building Research Institute, AAU
Hørsholm, Denmark
Leticia Ortega
IVE
Instituto Valenciano de la Edificación
Spain
Milica Jovanovic Popovic
Dusan Ignjatovic
Uni Belgrade Faculty of Architecture - University of Belgrade
in collaboration with:
published by
Institut Wohnen und Umwelt GmbH
Annastr. 15 / D-64285 Darmstadt / GERMANY
www.iwu.de
IWU order code $$
ISBN $$
August 2012
TABULA website: www.building-typology.eu
Serbia
3
Contents
1
Intention of the Analyses ................................................................................................................ 5
2
Thermal Envelope Area ................................................................................................................... 7
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
3
Thermal Quality of Construction Elements and Insulation Measures .............................................. 15
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
Example Buildings: Cross-Country Comparisson of Average U-Values by Decades ................................... 15
Construction Database: Evaluation of U-values by Construction Type and National Period ..................... 19
Measures for Upgrading the Thermal Envelope ........................................................................................ 22
Supply System Components .......................................................................................................... 25
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
5
Analysed Quantities ..................................................................................................................................... 7
Floor Area Related Averages ........................................................................................................................ 8
Dependence on the Basic Geometrical Parameters................................................................................... 10
Overview of estimation parameters .......................................................................................................... 13
Description of the Proceeding .................................................................................................................... 25
HG – Heating Systems / Heat Generation .................................................................................................. 26
HS – Heating Systems / Heat Storage ......................................................................................................... 34
HD – Heating Systems / Heat Distribution ................................................................................................. 36
HA – Heating Systems / Auxiliary Energy ................................................................................................... 38
WG – Domestic Hot Water Systems / Heat Generation............................................................................. 40
WS – DHW Systems / Heat Storage ............................................................................................................ 47
WD – Domestic Hot Water Systems / Heat Distribution ............................................................................ 52
WA – DHW Systems / Auxiliary Energy ...................................................................................................... 57
Vent – Ventilation Systems ........................................................................................................................ 60
EC – Assessment Factors of Energy Carriers .............................................................................................. 65
Résumé ........................................................................................................................................ 71
Appendix A – Thermal Envelope Area Analysis Report ......................................................................... 73
4
Intention of the Analyses
1 Intention of the Analyses
During the TABULA project the partners from 13 countries provided data of example buildings and systems
for showcase calculations representing different national building and system types. The following data
tables were used to collect this information:
Table 1:
Analysed data sheets of the Excel workbook TABULA.xls
Sheet
Tab.Building.Constr
Tab.Building.Measure
Tab.System.HG
Tab.System.HS
Tab.System.HD
Tab.System.HA
Tab.System.WG
Tab.System.WS
Tab.System.WD
Tab.System.WA
Tab.System.H
Tab.System.W
Tab.System.Vent
Tab.System.EC
Tab.Building
Calc.Building.Set
Calc.System.Set
Content
national definition of construction elements + U-values
national definition of insulation measures + thermal resistance
heating system / generation
heating system / storage
heating system / distribution
heating system / auxiliary energy
domestic hot water system / generation
domestic hot water system / storage
domestic hot water system / distribution
domestic hot water system / auxiliary energy
datasets of heating system types
datasets of domestic hot water system types
datasets of heating system types
datasets of energy carrier specifications
datasets of national building types
definition of variants and calculation of the energy need for heating
definition of variants and calculation of the system efficiency
These sheets are part of the workbook TABULA.xls which was used as a database and programming template for the TABULA WebTool.1
After the collection of these data an evaluation was performed which is documented in this report. At the
time of the analysis the TABULA database comprised data from 12 countries: 429 datasets of real buildings
and 1203 datasets of heat supply components.
The intention of the evaluation was:

Make a comparison of energy related features of typical buildings from different countries:
Show characteristics of the envelope areas, the thermal performance of construction elements, the
typical and advanced insulation measures, the supply system efficiency. What is common? What is different?

Generate default values for rough estimations on supranational level:
In some cases components differ only slightly from country to country. Here the determination of averages seems an appropriate approach to deliver "common" values. These numbers can be used as default values in the case that national values have not (yet) been determined. In the future this might be
helpful especially for experts of countries which did not participate at the TABULA project. Also simplified supranational considerations could rely on the default values.
1
Information about the workbook: http://www.building-typology.eu/tabulapublications.html /
acess to the webtool: http://webtool.building-typology.eu/
6

TABULA Database Evaluation
Contribute to a high data quality:
Data acquisition and transformation is prone to errors. Especially the determination of the thermal envelope area and the conditioned floor area of a building is problematic: Double counting or omission of
areas, copy-paste errors, uncertainties as regards the correct position of the thermal envelope (e.g. in
case of unheated spaces). The definition of key figures and the determination of their typical ranges
and dependence of the main geometrical parameters may help in the future to flag implausible datasets. The knowledge about typical area relations may not only help to improve the data quality of the
TABULA example building database but can also be useful in national EPC issuing.
Thermal Envelope Area
2 Thermal Envelope Area
2.1
Analysed Quantities
The analyses of the thermal envelope areas of the example buildings are based on the following quantities
(Sheet "Tab.Building"):
Table 2:
Input quantities (TABULA datafields)
A_C_Ref
n_Storey
Code_RoofType
Code_AtticCond
Code_CellarCond
Code_AttachedNeighbours
A_Roof_1
A_Roof_2
A_Wall_1
A_Wall_2
A_Wall_3
A_Floor_1
A_Floor_2
A_Window_1
A_Window_2
A_Door_1
energy reference area (conditioned floor area, mandatory / for transformation from
internal dimensions)
other area types see DATAMINE evaluation
number of complete storeys
number of conditioned floors/storeys of
the building (without attic storey, without cellar) (see below)
If there is a completely conditioned
underground storey it is not considered
here (In this case there is a completely
conditioned cellar, so cellar_cond=c,
see below).
type / inclination of the roof
TR
tilted roof, tilted >= 30°
FR
flat roof, tilted < 30°
UC
upper floor ceiling below
unheated attic space
heating situation in the attic rooms (if availa- not existent
ble)
C
completely conditioned
P
partly conditioned
N
not conditioned
heating situation in the cellar rooms (if avail- not existent
able)
C
completely conditioned
P
partly conditioned
N
not conditioned
neighbour situation / number of directly
B_Alone
stand-alone building (deattached buildings
tached)
B_N1
1 neighbour (semidetached)
B_N2
2 neighbours (terraced)
surface area (external dimensions)
element type roof 1
surface area (external dimensions)
element type roof 2
surface area (external dimensions)
element type wall 1
surface area (external dimensions)
element type wall 2
surface area (external dimensions)
element type wall 3
surface area (external dimensions)
element type floor 1
surface area (external dimensions)
element type floor 2
surface area, including frame
element type window 1
surface area, including frame
element type window 2
surface area, including frame
element type door 1
m²
m²
m²
m²
m²
m²
m²
m²
m²
m²
m²
8
TABULA Database Evaluation
During the analyses the following auxiliary quantities are used:
Table 3:
Auxiliary quantities
f_AtticCond /
f_CellarCond
heated fraction of the available space
n_Storey_eff
effective number of storeys including conditioned areas in cellar and attic
A_C_Storey
A_Roof
A_Wall
A_Window
A_Floor
conditioned floor area per storey
A_Roof_1 + A_Roof_2
A_Wall_1 + A_Wall_2 + A_Wall_3
A_Window_1 + A_Window_2 + A_Door_1
A_Floor_1 + A_Floor_2
2.2
values for cases of Code_AtticCond /
Code_CellarCond:
"-":
0
"C":
1
"P":
0,5
"N":
0
= n_storey
+ f_CellarCond
+ 0,75 * f_attic_cond
= A_C_Ref / n_Storey_eff
m²
m²
m²
m²
m²
Floor Area Related Averages
The following table shows the conditioned floor areas and the thermal envelope areas of the example
buildings from the different countries, averaged over all construction year classes and differentiated by
building size class.
In addition the envelope areas per conditioned floor area were calculated for each envelope type. These
indicators can be useful for a first quality assurance since they are usually positioned in a certain range.
Apart from that, they also can serve as a preliminary basis for the definition of synthetical average buildings
for the energy assessment of building stocks (as far as no deeper empirical investigation of the building
stock is available).2
2
see: TABULA Thematic Report N° 2
http://www.building-typology.eu/downloads/public/docs/report/TABULA_TR2_D8_NationalEnergyBalances.pdf
Thermal Envelope Area
Table 4:
Average thermal envelope areas of the example buildings per country and building size
class and derived floor area related values
AT
BE
CZ
SFH (single family houses)
A_C_Ref
173
214
107
A_Roof
A_Window
A_Wall
A_Floor
159
31
226
113
159
46
209
136
0,97
0,75
0,78
0,74
1,06
0,81
0,82
0,88
0,64
0,18
0,22
0,20
0,18
0,19
0,12
0,22
0,18
1,33
0,98
1,38
0,98
0,98
0,88
1,42
0,69
0,64
0,64
0,57
0,99
0,79
0,70
TH (terraced houses)
A_C_Ref
193
175
101
124
A_Roof
A_Window
A_Wall
A_Floor
135
31
291
123
95
32
121
82
0,75
0,54
0,69
0,57
0,88
0,80
-
0,62
0,64
0,17
0,18
0,13
0,19
0,19
0,09
-
0,18
0,13
1,57
0,69
0,59
0,59
0,70
0,35
-
0,85
0,62
0,47
0,65
0,50
0,78
0,79
-
0,61
MFH (multi-family houses)
A_C_Ref
422
960
639
911
A_Roof
A_Window
A_Wall
A_Floor
212
61
400
206
280
410
440
270
0,49
0,43
0,47
0,40
-
0,16
0,29
-
0,41
0,15
0,51
0,15
0,18
-
0,27
0,26
-
1,03
0,60
0,77
0,75
-
0,52
0,85
-
0,49
0,42
0,43
0,36
-
0,15
0,29
-
AB (apartment blocks)
A_C_Ref
971
12392
3412
A_Roof /
A_C_Ref
A_Window /
A_C_Ref
A_Wall /
A_C_Ref
A_Floor /
A_C_Ref
A_Roof /
A_C_Ref
A_Window /
A_C_Ref
A_Wall /
A_C_Ref
A_Floor /
A_C_Ref
A_Roof /
A_C_Ref
A_Window /
A_C_Ref
A_Wall /
A_C_Ref
A_Floor /
A_C_Ref
A_Roof
A_Window
A_Wall
A_Floor
A_Roof /
A_C_Ref
A_Window /
A_C_Ref
A_Wall /
A_C_Ref
A_Floor /
A_C_Ref
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
RS
SE
SI
Common
145
121
233
153
m²
75
26
184
74
142
25
200
142
109
35
173
112
114
27
172
102
m²
m²
m²
m²
0,66
0,52
1,18
0,59
0,80
m²/m²
0,13
0,21
0,18
0,21
0,16
0,18
m²/m²
1,09
1,51
0,87
1,27
1,68
0,78
1,17
m²/m²
0,87
0,57
0,59
0,51
1,18
0,58
0,72
m²/m²
-
-
178
149
m²
-
-
116
30
126
113
100
25
121
92
m²
m²
m²
m²
0,71
-
-
0,69
0,69
m²/m²
0,21
-
-
0,16
0,16
m²/m²
0,83
0,86
-
-
0,70
0,77
m²/m²
0,59
0,60
-
-
0,67
0,63
m²/m²
-
1207
1258
1148
m²
-
470
180
800
470
281
179
772
350
334
248
768
333
m²
m²
m²
m²
0,29
-
0,39
0,24
0,36
m²/m²
0,13
0,22
-
0,15
0,17
0,22
m²/m²
1,15
0,74
-
0,66
0,76
0,78
m²/m²
0,41
0,29
-
0,39
0,34
0,36
m²/m²
6055
1200
3573
1064
2201
6384
average thermal envelope area
458
566
415
547
367
490
780
732
924
272
850
179
326
1614
1646
4268
590
1218
761
2354
3756
458
591
405
516
342
473
674
average thermal envelope area related to the conditioned floor area
-
-
6042
4329
m²
-
-
1023
1154
2618
863
573
1130
2217
581
m²
m²
m²
m²
177
124
118
167
121
154
136
average thermal envelope area
79
128
132
95
120
103
98
88
22
31
23
13
36
22
19
29
144
167
122
103
233
131
226
113
64
97
123
91
104
102
89
79
average thermal envelope area related to the conditioned floor area
111
108
97
114
285
average thermal envelope area
68
70
99
87
60
73
201
13
25
21
10
18
14
59
59
75
82
37
83
96
242
65
61
89
86
59
68
169
average thermal envelope area related to the conditioned floor area
2072
946
884
2186
average thermal envelope area
251
327
304
254
357
602
90
154
572
248
116
469
401
679
928
751
996
1509
234
310
288
246
357
602
average thermal envelope area related to the conditioned floor area
353
170
787
341
735
5074
4168
1148
0,37
0,10
0,19
0,17
0,40
0,16
-
0,34
0,23
0,12
-
-
0,14
0,22
m²/m²
0,18
0,44
0,20
0,17
0,22
0,24
-
0,17
0,15
0,25
-
-
0,21
0,22
m²/m²
0,82
0,36
0,58
0,70
0,57
0,39
-
0,70
1,07
0,62
-
-
0,56
0,64
m²/m²
0,36
0,23
0,19
0,16
0,38
0,15
-
0,32
0,22
0,10
-
-
0,13
0,22
m²/m²
10
2.3
TABULA Database Evaluation
Dependence on the Basic Geometrical Parameters
In the following an analysis of the correlation of the thermal envelope areas with the main geometrical
parameters has been performed. The idea is to derive a procedure for the estimation of the thermal envelope area on the basis of the main factors as conditioned floor area, number of storeys, number of neighbours and heating situation of attic and cellar (which could be useful for plausibility checks during data intake and also for the rough energy assessment of large housing portfolios).
The general assumption is a linear dependency of

window and façade areas on the conditioned floor area of the whole building;

floor and roof areas on the conditioned floor area of a (complete) storey.
In order to exclude very implausible values from the analyses the criteria listed in Table 5 were applied.
They are based on geometrical considerations: For example the area of a flat roof (based on external dimensions)3 must be larger than the conditioned floor area of a storey (based on internal dimensions)3. By
considering a minimum fraction of about 10% for the wall footprint the lower limit would be 1,1.
Table 5:
Criteria for plausible area relations
Minimum
Maximum
A_Wall / A_C_Ref
> 0,2
<4
A_Window / A_C_Ref
> 0,05
< 0,5
A_Facade / A_C_Ref
> 0,2
<5
flat roof
or attic not conditioned
attic partly
or fully conditioned
A_Roof / A_C_Storey
> 1,1
> 1,2
<4
A_Floor / A_C_Storey
> 1,1
> 1,0
<2
The linear regression analysis was performed by applying the software "R". In Appendix A a documentation
of the detailed analyses can be found. The following charts show the main results:
3
according to the TABULA conventions
Thermal Envelope Area
Figure 1:
Results of the regression analysis for the envelope type roof / upper ceiling
Roof
flat roof
Roof
attic not conditioned
surface area A_Roof [m²] (flat roof) ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=158)
regression line (dashed): b = 16.9, m = 1.42, R² = 0.94
surface area A_Roof [m²] (attic not conditioned) ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=95)
regression line (dashed): b = 25.3, m = 1.18, R² = 0.94
surface area A_Roof [m²] (attic not conditioned)
1000
surface area A_Roof [m²] (flat roof)
3000
2000
1000
0
800
600
400
200
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
0
200
A_C_Storey [m²]
600
800
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 5, m = 1.2, R² = 0.94
Roof
attic partly conditioned
Roof
attic completely conditioned
surface area A_Roof [m²] (attic partly conditioned) ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=6)
regression line (dashed): b = 147., m = -0.4, R² = 0.12
surface area A_Roof [m²] (attic completely conditioned) ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=46)
regression line (dashed): b = 20.2, m = 1.41, R² = 0.96
surface area A_Roof [m²] (attic completely conditioned)
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 5, m = 1.2, R² = 0.9
140
surface area A_Roof [m²] (attic partly conditioned)
400
A_C_Storey [m²]
130
120
110
600
500
400
300
200
100
100
50
60
70
80
A_C_Storey [m²]
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 10, m = 1.4, R² = -2.8
(number of dasets not sufficient)
100
200
300
400
A_C_Storey [m²]
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 15, m = 1.6, R² = 0.94
12
TABULA Database Evaluation
Figure 2:
Results of the regression analysis for the envelope types window and façade
Façade
stand-alone building (detached)
surface area A_Window / A_C_Storey [m²] ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=417)
regression line (dashed): b = 1.23, m = 0.18, R² = 0.84
surface area A_Facade / A_C_Storey [m²] (neighbours = 0) ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=277)
regression line (dashed): b = 67.7, m = 0.62, R² = 0.79
surface area A_Facade / A_C_Storey [m²] (neighbours = 0)
Window
surface area A_Window / A_C_Storey [m²]
300
200
100
0
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
0
500
A_C_Storey [m²]
1000
1500
2000
A_C_Storey [m²]
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 0, m = 0.18, R² = 0.84
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 50, m = 0.8, R² = 0.71
Façade
1 neighbour (semi-detached)
Façade
2 neighbours (terraced)
surface area A_Facade / A_C_Storey [m²] (neighbours = 1) ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=64)
regression line (dashed): b = 22.6, m = 0.86, R² = 0.98
surface area A_Facade / A_C_Storey [m²] (neighbours = 2) ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=84)
regression line (dashed): b = 20.5, m = 0.56, R² = 0.72
surface area A_Facade / A_C_Storey [m²] (neighbours = 2)
surface area A_Facade / A_C_Storey [m²] (neighbours = 1)
1500
1000
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
500
1000
1500
A_C_Storey [m²]
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 25, m = 0.7, R² = 0.94
200
400
A_C_Storey [m²]
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 5, m = 0.6, R² = 0.71
600
Thermal Envelope Area
Figure 3:
Results of the regression analysis for the envelope type floor
Floor
surface area A_Floor [m²] ~ A_C_Storey [m²] (n=246)
regression line (dashed): b = 26.8, m = 1.21, R² = 0.96
2500
surface area A_Floor [m²]
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
A_C_Storey [m²]
simplified parameters (solid line): b = 5, m = 1.2, R² = 0.95
2.4
Overview of estimation parameters
The parameters of the regression lines are cited in the headings of the above shown charts.
In order to arrive at a simple estimation procedure rough numbers were assumed on the basis of the findings which take advantage of the similiraties of dependencies. These ball park figures were tested as regards the coefficient of determination R². It turns out that the assumed lines approximate the real data
points nearly as well as the results of the regression analysis.
The values of intercept, slope and R² of the simplified prediction lines are mentioned in the footer of each
chart. The following table gives a summary:
Table 6:
Intercepts (b) and slopes (m) of the simplified model
Envelope type
Independent variable
Roof
A_C_Storey
Window
A_C_Ref
Façade
A_C_Ref
Floor
A_C_Storey
Specification
flat roof (no attic)
attic not conditioned
attic partly conditioned
attic completely conditioned
0 neighbours
1 neighbours
2 neighbours
b [m²]
5
5
10
15
0
50
25
5
5
m[-]
1,20
1,20
1,40
1,60
0,18
0,80
0,70
0,60
1,20
14
TABULA Database Evaluation
The following charts illustrate how the simplified model lines are approximating the data points. Logarithmic scales are used for both axes in order to make the dependence also visible for smaller buildings.4
Figure 4:
1000
Roof
datasets, flat roof (no attic)
(n=157)
datasets, attic not conditioned
(n=95)
datasets, attic partly conditioned
(n=6)
datasets, attic completely conditioned
(n=46)
estimation, attic not cond. or flat roof
(5 m² + 1,2 * A_C_Ref_Storey)
estimation, attic partly conditioned
(10 m² + 1,4 * A_C_Ref_Storey)
estimation, attic completely conditioned
(15 m² + 1,6 * A_C_Ref_Storey)
1000
Windows
datasets
(n=417)
estimation
(0,18 * A_C_Ref_Storey)
window area per effective storey [m²]
area of roof and/or upper ceiling [m²]
10000
Data points and simplified model lines (double-logarithmic plots)
100
10
100
10
1
10
100
1000
10000
10
100
reference area per effective storey [m²]
10000
10000
Facade
datasets
(n=246)
datasets, 1 neighbour
(n=64)
estimation
(5 m² + 1,2 * A_C_Ref_Storey)
datasets, 2 neighbours
(n=84)
estimation, no neighbours
(50 m² + 0,8 * A_C_Ref_Storey)
1000
1000
estimation, no neighbours
(25 m² + 0,7 * A_C_Ref_Storey)
estimation, no neighbours
(5 m² + 0,6 * A_C_Ref_Storey)
floor area [m²]
facade area per effective storey [m²]
10000
Floor
datasets, no neighbours
(n=277)
100
100
10
10
10
100
1000
reference area per effective storey [m²]
4
1000
reference area per effective storey [m²]
10000
10
100
1000
reference area per effective storey [m²]
On double logarithmic charts straight lines appear curved (with exception of the bisecting line).
10000
Thermal Quality of Construction Elements and Insulation Measures
3 Thermal Quality of Construction Elements and Insulation Measures
3.1
Example Buildings: Cross-Country Comparisson of Average U-Values by
Decades
The example-building database offers the opportunity to compare typical U-values for different time bands
between countries. To attain this goal the following analysis has been conducted:

For each example building average U-values have been determined for the four envelope types: roof,
window, wall, floor.

Mean U-values have then been calculated for all relevant decades by averaging over the example buildings representing the four building size classes. In case that a change of construction year class occurs
during a decade the average was based on the concerning two construction year classes weighted by
the respective share of years.
The following mean U-values have been calculated by use of this procedure (data source: sheet
"Tab.Building"):
16
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 7:
Average U-values of example buildings by country and decade
decade
AT
BE
CZ
DE
... 1900
1901 ...
1911 ...
1921 ...
1931 ...
1941 ...
1951 ...
1961 ...
1971 ...
1981 ...
1991 ...
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
1,46
1,46
1,39
1,10
1,10
1,13
1,15
0,78
0,78
0,48
0,29
2,42
2,42
2,42
2,42
2,42
2,56
2,70
2,70
0,90
0,90
0,55
1,55
1,55
1,55
1,59
1,59
1,50
1,40
0,75
0,75
0,48
0,40
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
1,10
1,10
1,25
1,84
1,84
1,50
1,27
1,29
1,29
0,83
0,39
2,20
2,20
2,20
2,20
2,20
1,95
1,70
1,70
1,12
1,12
0,60
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2,2
2,2
2,1
1,8
1,8
2,3
2,7
2,2
2,2
2,0
1,3
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
1,25
1,25
1,21
1,05
1,05
1,57
1,92
0,88
0,88
0,61
0,40
... 1900
1901 ...
1911 ...
1921 ...
1931 ...
1941 ...
1951 ...
1961 ...
1971 ...
1981 ...
1991 ...
... 1900
1901 ...
1911 ...
1921 ...
1931 ...
1941 ...
1951 ...
1961 ...
1971 ...
1981 ...
1991 ...
... 1900
1901 ...
1911 ...
1921 ...
1931 ...
1941 ...
1951 ...
1961 ...
1971 ...
1981 ...
1991 ...
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
1,57
1,23
1,20
1,08
1,08
1,13
1,14
0,63
0,54
0,42
0,38
U-values of roofs [W/(m²K]
0,44
1,95
2,88
1,01
0,63
2,48
2,88
1,01
0,63
2,46
2,88
1,01
0,63
2,45
2,88
1,01
0,82
2,45
2,88
1,01
0,82
2,48
2,88
1,01
0,42
2,30
2,88
1,01
0,30
2,18
2,88
1,01
0,30
2,08
2,88
0,82
0,18
1,52
1,79
0,40
0,18
1,40
1,79
0,34
2,15
2,28
2,28
2,38
2,38
2,16
1,95
1,88
1,45
1,03
0,70
0,83
0,83
0,83
0,83
0,83
0,70
0,57
0,58
0,60
0,59
0,48
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,20
0,20
0,17
0,12
1,63
1,63
1,63
1,63
1,63
1,38
1,14
1,14
1,11
0,43
0,43
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,37
1,37
1,39
1,40
1,06
1,06
0,63
0,50
1,61
1,83
1,79
1,63
1,63
1,55
1,24
1,15
0,92
0,61
0,47
U-values of walls [W/(m²K]
1,09
2,00
2,30
2,04
1,12
2,45
2,30
2,04
1,12
2,22
2,30
2,04
1,12
2,13
2,30
2,04
1,21
2,13
2,30
2,04
1,21
2,10
2,30
2,04
1,03
2,42
2,30
2,04
0,64
2,34
2,30
2,04
0,47
1,06
2,30
1,78
0,37
0,52
1,44
0,74
0,35
0,46
1,44
0,61
1,39
1,48
1,48
1,56
1,56
1,57
1,58
1,27
1,04
0,80
0,60
1,73
1,73
1,73
1,73
1,73
1,67
1,60
1,42
1,15
1,10
0,41
0,70
0,70
0,70
0,70
0,70
0,70
0,70
0,38
0,34
0,28
0,27
1,83
1,83
1,83
1,83
1,83
1,56
1,29
1,29
1,02
0,48
0,48
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
3,9
3,9
3,5
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,6
2,8
2,7
2,7
2,3
1,9
2,9
3,1
3,2
3,5
3,5
3,5
3,5
3,5
3,5
3,4
2,4
U-values of windows [W/(m²K]
2,7
4,3
4,7
5,3
2,7
3,8
4,7
5,3
2,7
3,8
4,7
5,3
2,7
3,8
4,7
5,3
2,6
3,8
4,7
5,3
2,6
3,7
4,7
5,3
2,7
3,7
4,7
5,3
2,6
4,1
4,7
5,3
2,6
3,8
4,7
4,8
2,4
2,6
5,0
3,3
2,3
2,2
5,0
2,9
5,1
5,1
5,1
5,1
5,1
5,0
4,9
4,9
4,1
3,3
2,8
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
4,6
4,2
3,6
2,6
2,6
1,8
2,3
2,3
2,3
2,3
2,3
2,3
2,3
2,3
2,1
1,9
1,9
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,2
2,1
2,1
2,2
1,7
1,7
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,70
2,00
2,00
2,00
1,50
1,50
1,45
1,40
1,28
1,28
0,98
0,74
1,59
1,20
1,16
1,00
1,00
1,17
1,78
1,48
0,95
0,65
0,52
U-values of floors [W/(m²K]
0,74
2,21
2,88
1,44
1,00
2,20
2,88
1,44
1,00
1,97
2,88
1,44
1,00
1,87
2,88
1,44
1,32
1,87
2,88
1,44
1,32
1,93
2,88
1,44
0,75
2,00
2,88
1,44
0,65
1,61
2,88
1,44
0,42
0,63
2,88
1,35
0,27
0,62
2,47
1,14
0,25
0,55
2,47
0,94
1,70
1,95
1,95
1,95
1,95
1,71
1,48
1,65
1,33
1,00
0,80
2,07
2,07
2,07
2,07
2,07
1,88
1,70
1,60
1,45
1,35
0,94
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,34
0,30
0,30
0,27
0,22
1,80
1,80
1,80
1,80
1,80
1,62
1,44
1,44
0,97
0,69
0,69
Thermal Quality of Construction Elements and Insulation Measures
Figure 5:
Comparison of average U-values of roofs and upper ceilings
3,0
ROOF
average U-values of typology example buildings
... 1900
1901
... 1910
2,5
1911
... 1920
1921
... 1930
U-value [W/(m²K)]
2,0
1931
... 1940
1941
... 1950
1,5
1951
... 1960
1,0
1961
... 1970
1971
... 1980
0,5
1981
... 1990
1991
... 2000
0,0
AT
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
Comparison of average U-values of walls
3,0
WALL
average U-values of typology example buildings
... 1900
1901
... 1910
2,5
1911
... 1920
1921
... 1930
2,0
U-value [W/(m²K)]
Figure 6:
BE
1931
... 1940
1941
... 1950
1,5
1951
... 1960
1,0
1961
... 1970
1971
... 1980
0,5
1981
... 1990
1991
... 2000
0,0
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
18
Figure 7:
TABULA Database Evaluation
Comparison of average U-values of windows
6,0
WINDOW
average U-values of typology example buildings
... 1900
1901
... 1910
5,0
1911
... 1920
1921
... 1930
U-value [W/(m²K)]
4,0
1931
... 1940
1941
... 1950
3,0
1951
... 1960
2,0
1961
... 1970
1971
... 1980
1,0
1981
... 1990
1991
... 2000
0,0
AT
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
Comparison of average U-values of floors
3,0
FLOOR
average U-values of typology example buildings
... 1900
1901
... 1910
2,5
1911
... 1920
1921
... 1930
2,0
U-value [W/(m²K)]
Figure 8:
BE
1931
... 1940
1941
... 1950
1,5
1951
... 1960
1,0
1961
... 1970
1971
... 1980
0,5
1981
... 1990
1991
... 2000
0,0
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
Thermal Quality of Construction Elements and Insulation Measures
3.2
Construction Database: Evaluation of U-values by Construction Type and
National Period
The construction catalogue (sheet "Tab.Building.Constr") was analysed in the following way:

For each building average U-values have been determined for the four construction types: roof, upper
ceiling, wall, floor. If the information was available a differentiation was made between massive (structures of masonry, concrete, steel, …) and wooden (timber frame, wooden beam ceilings, rafters, …)
constructions.

Mean U-values have then be calculated for each national construction year class by averaging over the
example buildings representing the four building size classes of the respective time band.
The following table shows the results:
20
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 8:
Evaluation of the construction catalogue / opaque elements
Country
Code
Construction Year Class
Code
from ... to
AT
AT.01
AT.02
AT.03
AT.04
AT.05
AT.06
BE.01
BE.02
BE.03
BE.04
CZ.01
CZ.02
CZ.03
CZ.04
CZ.05
CZ.06
DE.01
DE.02
DE.03
DE.04
DE.05
DE.06
DE.07
DE.08
DE.09
GR.01
GR.02
GR.03
IE.01
IE.02
IE.03
IE.04
IT.01
IT.02
IT.03
IT.04
IT.05
IT.06
IT.07
PL.01
PL.02
PL.03
PL.04
PL.05
SE.01
SE.02
SE.03
SE.04
SE.05
SI.01
SI.02
SI.03
SI.04
BE
CZ
DE
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
... 1918
1919 ... 1944
1945 ... 1960
1961 ... 1980
1981 ... 1990
1991 ... 2000
... 1945
1946 ... 1970
1971 ... 1990
1991 ... 2005
... 1920
1921 ... 1945
1946 ... 1960
1961 ... 1980
1981 ... 1994
1994 ...
... 1859
1860 ... 1918
1919 ... 1948
1949 ... 1957
1958 ... 1968
1969 ... 1978
1979 ... 1983
1984 ... 1994
1995 ... 2001
... 1980
1981 ... 2000
2001 ...
... 1977
1978 ... 1982
1983 ... 1993
1994 ... 2004
... 1900
1901 ... 1920
1921 ... 1945
1946 ... 1960
1961 ... 1975
1976 ... 1990
1991 ... 2005
... 1945
1946 ... 1966
1967 ... 1985
1986 ... 1992
1993 ... 2002
... 1960
1961 ... 1975
1976 ... 1985
1986 ... 1995
1996 ... 2005
... 1945
1946 ... 1970
1971 ... 1980
1981 ... 2001
Roof
massive / wooden
1,4
0,95
0,90
0,60
0,49
0,29
3,50 / 1,70
3,50 / 1,80
1,10
0,59
2,60
2,12
1,23
0,71
0,41
0,30
1,95
1,95
1,68
1,40
1,10
0,60
0,50
0,40
0,35
2,27
1,82 / 0,68
0,67
2,30 / 1,49
0,40
0,40
0,35 / 0,31
1,80
1,80
2,03 / 1,80
2,03
2,03
1,08 / 0,95
0,72 / 0,64
0,90 / 0,77
0,53
0,53
0,43
0,43
2,70
1,80
0,90
0,43
Upper Ceiling
Wall
massive / wooden massive / wooden
U-Value [W/m²K]
1,50
1,50
1,70 / 1,05
1,73
1,70 / 0,78
1,27
1,67
1,18
0,65
0,83
0,30
0,31
2,13
1,70
1,53 / 0,50
0,68 / 0,50
1,20
1,42
2,20
1,43
1,45 / 1,30
1,43
1,53
1,15
0,60
0,76
0,38
1,00
2,10
1,00
2,10
0,80
1,55
1,85 / 0,80
1,27
1,85 / 0,80
1,27
0,60
1,07 / 0,60
0,50
0,77 / 0,50
0,40 / 0,30
0,63 / 0,40
0,35 / 0,27
0,53 / 0,30
2,72
0,86
0,80
2,04
1,10
0,60
0,55
2,37
1,61
2,41
1,61
2,00
1,31
1,65
1,82
1,65
1,82
0,97
0,79
0,69
0,60
1,75 / 0,40
1,29 / 0,40
1,29 / 0,40
0,98 / 0,40
0,29
0,33
0,83 / 0,53
0,21
0,36
0,16
0,27
0,14
0,20
0,13
0,20
1,40 / 1,00
1,50 / 0,70
1,23 / 1,00
1,60
1,00
1,10 / 0,26
0,46
0,48 / 0,21
Floor
massive / wooden
1,25
1,55
2,30
0,95
0,70
0,50
1,43
0,85
0,85
0,75
2,02
1,50
1,24
1,26
0,85
0,49
2,90 / 1,20
2,90 / 1,20
1,05
1,77
1,57
1,00
0,80
0,60
0,45
1,91
1,21
1,25
1,41
1,15
1,15
0,84
1,93
1,82
1,65
1,65
1,65
1,11
0,85
2,00
1,65
1,45
1,25
0,90
0,32
0,30
0,28
0,25
0,20
2,05
1,40
0,96
0,65
The analysis of the windows was based on the same procedure. In this case the differentiation concerns the
numbers of panes, the type of glazing (standard / low-e) and the frame type (see Table 9). The column
"Common" is reflecting the average of the available values.
Thermal Quality of Construction Elements and Insulation Measures
Table 9:
Number
of panes
Special
glazing
Evaluation of the construction catalogue / windows
Frame type
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
Common
U-Value window [W/m²K]
1
2
3
-
not specified
-
wood
-
plastic
-
metal
-
not specified
-
wood
-
plastic
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4,7
-
-
-
-
-
4,7
4,6
5,0
-
3,9
4,4
4,2
-
-
4,9
4,5
-
5,2
4,6
-
-
-
-
-
3,8
-
4,8
-
-
-
-
4,3
-
5,7
-
-
-
6,0
6,1
5,7
5,7
-
-
-
5,8
2,5
-
2,6
-
-
2,7
-
2,8
-
2,6
-
-
2,6
2,3
3,5
-
3,1
2,8
2,8
2,7
-
2,8
(1,8)
-
2,4
2,8
(1,4)
(3,5)
-
(3,5)
-
-
3,1
3,1
-
(1,4)
-
2,6
2,9
metal
-
4,3
-
4,3
-
-
3,9
3,7
3,7
-
-
-
4,0
metal,
thermal break
-
3,5
-
3,5
-
-
3,3
3,4
3,4
-
-
-
3,4
low-e
not specified
-
-
1,3
-
-
-
-
1,9
-
-
-
-
1,6
low-e
wood
-
1,6
-
1,5
1,7
-
(2,3)
-
2,2
-
-
1,5
1,7
low-e
plastic
(1,2)
1,7
-
1,7
-
-
(2,9)
-
-
-
-
1,2
1,5
low-e
metal
-
-
-
-
-
-
(4,0)
-
-
-
-
(1,5)
-
low-e
metal,
thermal break
-
-
-
1,7
-
-
2,9
-
2,4
-
-
-
2,3
-
wood
1,4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,9
-
-
1,7
low-e
wood
-
1,1
-
1,0
1,0
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,8
1,0
low-e
plastic
-
1,1
-
1,0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,7
0,9
low-e
metal
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,9
0,9
low-e
insulated
("passive house window")
0,8
0,9
-
0,8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,8
Remarks
Values which deviate more than +/- 30% from the average are listed in brackets and are not considered in the column "Common".
The values are mostly very close, however in some cases large deviations can be observed. The deviations
can in principle be explained by different window sizes, glazing distances, gas fillings and glass spacer types.
Nevertheless, also errors might have occurred when entering the information into the data sheet.
This should be clarified by the partners during future data revisions.
The averages of the column "Common" can also serve as default values in case that no values are available
in the database. However, it is strongly recommended to supply and use the respective national values, if
any possible. During the revision process of the next years further datasets and classifications should be
provided by the partners. Also information should be supplemented from which time on (a) metal windows
were typically fabricated with thermal breaks and (b) low-e glazing was dominant.
22
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 10:
Number of
panes
1
U-values of different window types /
derived default values (simplified common values)
Glazing type
conventional
conventional
2
low-e
conventional
3
3.3
low-e
Frame type
not specified
wood
plastic
metal
not specified
wood
plastic
metal
metal, thermal break
not specified
wood
plastic
metal, thermal break
wood
wood
plastic
metal
insulated ("passive house window")
Default U-value
[W/(m²K)]
4,7
4,6
4,3
5,8
2,6
2,8
2,9
4,0
3,4
1,6
1,7
1,5
2,3
1,7
1,0
0,9
0,9
0,8
Measures for Upgrading the Thermal Envelope
The TABULA concept includes the definition of two levels of insulation measures:
 Refurbishment Package 1: "Standard"
Package of measures for upgrading the thermal envelope and the heat supply system
which are commonly realised during renovation;
 Refurbishment Package 2: "Advanced":
Package of measures for upgrading the thermal envelope and the heat supply system,
that are usually only realised in very ambitious renovations or research projects.
The insulation measure catalogue contains information about the type of measure and the thermal resistances. These values were transformed into equivalent insulation thicknesses in order to get more illustrative values (by applying a standard thermal conductivity of 0,035 W/(m·K)). The result is displayed in the
following charts.
Thermal Quality of Construction Elements and Insulation Measures
Equivalent insulation thicknesses for roof, wall and floor /
Refurbishment Package 1 "Standard" and 2 "Advanced".
50
Refurbishment
Package 1
conversion from thermal resistances
by assuming thermal conductivity of 0,035 W/(m·K)
ROOF
RP1
45
WALL
RP1
equivalent insulation thickness [cm]
40
FLOOR
RP1
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
AT
50
BE
CZ
DE
Refurbishment
Package 2
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
conversion from thermal resistances
by assuming thermal conductivity of 0,035 W/(m·K)
ROOF
RP2
45
WALL
RP2
40
equivalent insulation thickness [cm]
Figure 9:
FLOOR
RP2
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
24
TABULA Database Evaluation
Figure 10:
Refurbishment measures – separate comparison for each envelope type
40
40
ROOF: Refurbishment
Packages 1 and 2
conversion from thermal resistances
by assuming thermal conductivity of 0,035 W/(m·K)
Wall: Refurbishment
Packages 1 and 2
ROOF RP1
35
35
ROOF RP2
30
equivalent insulation thickness [cm]
equivalent insulation thickness [cm]
30
conversion from thermal resistances
by assuming thermal conductivity of 0,035 W/(m·K)
WALL RP1
WALL RP2
25
20
15
25
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
AT
40
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
3,0
Floor: Refurbishment
Packages 1 and 2
conversion from thermal resistances
by assuming thermal conductivity of 0,035 W/(m·K)
WINDOW: Refurbishment
Packages 1 and 2
WINDOW RP1
FLOOR RP1
35
FLOOR RP2
2,5
WINDOW RP2
U-value window [W/(m²K)]
equivalent insulation thickness [cm]
30
25
20
15
2,0
1,5
1,0
10
0,5
5
0
0,0
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
country
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
AT
BE
CZ
DE
Supply System Components
4 Supply System Components
4.1
Description of the Proceeding
The evaluation of supply system characteristics was performed on the basis of 1203 datasets from 12 countries. The values had been determined by each partner on the basis of national methods.5 The following
components were considered:

HG – Heating Systems / Heat Generation

HS – Heating Systems / Heat Storage

HD – Heating Systems / Heat Distribution

HA – Heating Systems / Auxiliary Energy

WG – Domestic Hot Water Systems / Heat Generation

WS – DHW Systems / Heat Storage

WD – Domestic Hot Water Systems / Heat Distribution

WA – DHW Systems / Auxiliary Energy

Vent – Ventilation Systems

EC – Assessment Factors of Energy Carriers
For each of these components the data analysis comprised the following steps:
 Overview of existing data:
A data analyses was performed by use of the programme "R". Minimum, maximum and average values
were determined, differentiating between single and multi-family houses ("SUH" / "MUH"). The column
"Common" reflects the values averaged over all countries and can later be used as default values. For
this reason the minimum and maximum numbers in this column should not only be an average of all respective country values but also reflect possibly occurring extreme values of certain countries. Therefore the "Common" minimum and maximum values are determined by creating the mean value of (a)
the average of all countries and (b) the most extreme value (of one country).
 Condensed values:
In order to reduce the complexity some of the existing subgroups of component types were merged in
so called "condensed values" which also do no more differentiate between single and multi-family
houses. The averages and extreme values are now referred to as "poor", "medium" and "high" energy
efficiency.
 Simplified common values / default values:
As a last step the values of the column "Common" of each subsystem are transferred into a separate
table ("default values / simplified common values"). These tabled values can in the future be useful for
rough supranational estimations or in case that national values are not available. Nevertheless, the respective values should be provided for each country finally in order to reflect the specific national technology. After updating of the database the evaluation should be repeated in order to improve the reliability of the derived common values.
5
see national scientific reports at: http://www.building-typology.eu/tabulapublications.html
26
4.2
TABULA Database Evaluation
HG – Heating Systems / Heat Generation
Table 11:
B
B_NC
B_NC_CT
B_NC_LT
B_C
B_WP
G_IWH
G_IWH_NC
G_IWH_C
G_SH
Energy expenditure factors of heat generation (heating systems)
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
1,39
1,41
1,43
1,39
1,41
1,43
BE
-
+3%
CZ
1,35
1,57
1,82
1,35
1,57
1,82
DE
-
DK
-
FR
-
-
-
1,07
1,12
1,16
-
-
1,28
1,37
1,43
1,28
1,37
1,43
1,37
1,42
1,46
1,25
1,29
1,32
1,07
1,3
1,54
1,14
1,34
1,54
1,65
1,96
2,12
1,83
2,01
2,23
1,14
1,27
1,5
1,14
1,27
1,5
1,25
1,44
1,62
1,4
1,51
1,62
+15%
1,3
1,31
1,33
1,3
1,31
1,33
1,13
1,39
2
1,13
1,39
2
GR
1,22
1,39
1,64
1,2
1,37
1,64
IE
-
IT
-
PL
-
SI
-
common
1,24
1,37
1,56
1,23
1,37
1,56
-
1,18
1,32
1,53
1,18
1,32
1,57
1,16
1,16
1,16
1,16
1,16
1,16
1,11
1,21
1,4
1,11
1,21
1,4
1,35
1,35
1,35
1,35
1,35
1,35
1,21
1,30
1,50
1,23
1,32
1,54
+1%
-
-12%
-8%
+3%
0%
-
-
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,28
1,42
1,59
1,31
1,43
1,60
1,22
1,49
1,75
-
-
+1%
-19%
-0%
+6%
1,33
1,35
1,37
1,33
1,35
1,37
1,42
1,5
1,58
1,42
1,5
1,58
-5%
+5%
-4%
-5%
-7%
+39%
-11%
+4%
1,25
1,28
1,3
1,25
1,28
1,3
-
1,25
1,29
1,33
1,25
1,29
1,33
1,23
1,29
1,35
1,18
1,23
1,29
-
1,46
1,46
1,46
-
1,11
1,14
1,19
1,11
1,14
1,19
-
-
+3%
+1%
+17%
-9%
1,05
1,07
1,09
1,05
1,07
1,09
1,08
1,16
1,21
1,06
1,13
1,17
1,02
1,04
1,05
1,05
1,05
1,05
1,41
1,41
1,41
-
1,04
1,1
1,15
1,04
1,1
1,15
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,14
1,14
1,14
1,14
1,14
1,14
1,04
1,17
1,43
1,04
1,08
1,12
+2%
-15%
1,53
1,53
1,53
1,53
1,53
1,53
SE
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
+17%
+19%
-16%
0%
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,22
1,29
1,40
1,17
1,21
1,26
-12%
0%
0,98
1,08
1,18
0,98
1,08
1,18
1,08
1,13
1,20
1,06
1,09
1,13
1,04
1,05
1,07
1,04
1,05
1,07
+1%
-6%
-4%
+3%
-6%
+27%
-1%
-0%
+2%
+1%
-3%
0%
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
-
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,37
1,37
1,37
1,25
1,25
1,25
-
2,62
2,62
2,62
-
-
-
1,4
1,42
1,44
1,4
1,42
1,44
1,33
1,43
1,59
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,2
1,6
2
1,2
1,6
2
1,45
1,55
1,73
1,27
1,34
1,47
-2%
-9%
-13%
+11%
0%
-
-
-
-
-
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
-
-
-
-
-
1,20
1,24
1,26
1,20
1,24
1,26
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
1,13
1,16
1,10
1,13
1,16
-
-
-
-
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,36
1,41
1,44
1,36
1,41
1,44
-16%
0%
-8%
-9%
-
-
-
-
-
+82%
-
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
-
-
-
1,18
1,23
1,27
1,18
1,23
1,27
-
-
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
-
-
-
1,09
1,14
1,18
1,09
1,14
1,18
-
-
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,59
1,59
1,59
1,59
1,59
1,59
-
-
-
-
1,46
1,46
1,46
1,46
1,46
1,46
0%
-1%
+13%
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
-1%
+15%
-7%
+2%
+16%
-10%
+12%
-8%
+0%
+12%
-6%
+9%
-4%
-7%
+4%
-4%
+6%
-4%
-3%
+3%
-6%
+12%
-5%
-13%
+10%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
-3%
+2%
-3%
0%
+2%
0%
-1%
+4%
-7%
0%
+1%
+1%
+14%
-10%
-0%
+15%
0%
1,12
1,13
1,14
1,12
1,13
1,14
-7%
-
deviation
-10%
-3%
+3%
-3%
0%
+3%
0%
-3%
+3%
-3%
0%
+3%
Supply System Components
E
E_Immersion
E_Storage
E_UnderFloor
E_SH
HP
HP_Air
HP_Ground
HP_ExhAir
HP_Water
HP_Other
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
BE
1
1
1
1
1
1
CZ
-
DE
-
+5%
+4%
-
DK
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
-1%
-1%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,37
0,37
0,37
0,37
0,37
0,37
0,35
0,39
0,42
0,35
0,39
0,42
0,35
0,4
0,45
0,35
0,4
0,45
-22%
-1%
+4%
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,26
0,47
0,7
0,26
0,47
0,7
0,29
0,31
0,32
0,29
0,31
0,32
-17%
+55%
-
-
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,24
0,39
0,53
0,24
0,39
0,53
-16%
+31%
-
-
FR
-
+4%
GR
0,29
0,74
1,05
0,28
0,75
1,05
IE
-
IT
-
-
-
1
1,03
1,05
1
1,03
1,05
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
+2%
-1%
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
-
-
-22%
SE
1
1
1
1
1
1
SI
-
common
0,80
0,96
1,02
0,80
0,96
1,02
+4%
+4%
-
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
-
1,01
1,03
1,06
1,01
1,03
1,06
-
-
1,00
1,01
1,02
1,00
1,01
1,02
-
-
1,02
1,03
1,03
1,02
1,03
1,03
-
-
-
1,01
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,09
1,23
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
1,06
1,06
1,06
1,06
1,26
1,45
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
+10%
-5%
-5%
-
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
-
-
-
-
-
0,50
0,50
0,50
0,50
0,50
0,50
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,45
0,45
0,45
0,45
0,45
0,45
0,29
0,44
0,59
0,29
0,44
0,59
0,38
0,38
0,38
0,26
0,26
0,26
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
-
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,36
0,36
0,36
0,36
0,36
0,36
0,35
0,38
0,42
0,34
0,37
0,41
+7%
-22%
+20%
+18%
-14%
+7%
0,29
0,32
0,36
0,29
0,32
0,36
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,14
0,17
0,19
0,14
0,17
0,19
0,36
0,36
0,36
-
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
+2%
+6%
-17%
-4%
-44%
+19%
-
-
-
-
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+3%
-1%
-2%
-5%
+2%
+3%
-2%
0%
+3%
-1%
+1%
-1%
0%
+1%
-1%
+1%
-1%
0%
+1%
0%
-0%
+1%
-7%
+7%
+13%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
+7%
-4%
0%
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,27
0,31
0,36
0,26
0,30
0,36
+9%
-4%
+9%
-4%
0%
-
0,38
0,38
0,38
-
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
-
0,32
0,33
0,35
0,30
0,31
0,32
+18%
+3%
-
-
-
0,25
0,30
0,39
0,25
0,30
0,39
-
-
-
FALSE
0,00
FALSE
FALSE
0,00
FALSE
-10%
-7%
+10%
-8%
-3%
+10%
-11%
+18%
-13%
-2%
+19%
-3%
+4%
-2%
-7%
+2%
0%
-16%
-
-2%
0%
0%
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
+6%
-17%
+0%
+6%
0%
+0%
1,05
1,05
1,05
1,05
1,05
1,05
deviation
-17%
0%
-
-3%
1
1,06
1,11
1
1,06
1,11
PL
1
1
1
1
1
1
0%
-17%
+31%
-17%
0%
+31%
28
Stove
Stove_L
Stove_S
OpenFire
TS
CHP
Solar
TABULA Database Evaluation
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
-
BE
1,34
1,37
1,39
1,34
1,37
1,39
CZ
-
DE
-
DK
-
FR
-
GR
1,1
1,33
1,57
1,1
1,33
1,57
-
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
-
-
1,07
1,3
1,53
1,07
1,3
1,53
-
3,76
3,76
3,76
-
1,43
1,43
1,43
1,43
1,43
1,43
+1%
IE
-
IT
-
PL
-
SE
-
SI
-
common
1,18
1,35
1,51
1,18
1,35
1,51
-
-
1,19
1,26
1,33
1,19
1,26
1,33
-
-
1,28
1,39
1,47
1,28
1,39
1,47
-
1,79
2,12
2,5
1,79
2,12
2,5
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
-
-
1,86
2,04
2,34
1,59
1,75
1,96
+12%
-12%
-
3,33
3,33
3,33
3,33
3,33
3,33
-
-
2,67
3,39
4,17
2,44
3,42
4,44
1,09
1,09
1,09
1,01
1,05
1,08
1,01
1,05
1,08
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1
1
1
1
1
1
1,05
1,08
1,13
1,10
1,13
1,18
-1%
1,41
1,46
1,51
1,41
1,46
1,51
+10%
+5%
1,67
1,96
2,22
1,67
1,96
2,22
1,56
1,73
1,81
1,56
1,73
1,81
+3%
-9%
+98%
-25%
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
3,5
5
2
3,5
5
3,33
3,33
3,33
-
+3%
-2%
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
-
1,02
1,04
1,05
1,02
1,04
1,05
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,03
1,05
1,06
1,03
1,05
1,06
1,53
1,53
1,53
1,05
1,15
1,25
1,05
1,15
1,25
-
-6%
-8%
-5%
+38%
+4%
-
-
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
-
-
1,18
1,24
1,3
1,18
1,24
1,3
+9%
+9%
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
-8%
+1%
1,6
1,6
1,6
1,6
1,6
1,6
-6%
-16%
-9%
-8%
+6%
-8%
0%
+6%
0%
-9%
+15%
-9%
-14%
+12%
0%
-2%
-21%
+23%
-28%
+1%
+30%
0%
-1%
-5%
+20%
-10%
0%
-
-
-
-
-
1,43
1,53
1,58
1,43
1,53
1,58
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
-19%
0
0
0
0
0
0
+12%
-13%
0%
+12%
0%
1,52
1,52
1,52
1,52
1,52
1,52
-
deviation
-13%
0%
-3%
+4%
-2%
+4%
+4%
-7%
+3%
-7%
0%
+3%
Supply System Components
Table 12:
B
B_NC
B_NC_CT
B_NC_LT
B_C
B_WP
G_IWH
G_IWH_NC
G_IWH_C
G_SH
E
E_Immersion
E_Storage
E_UnderFloor
E_SH
HP
HP_Air
HP_Ground
HP_ExhAir
HP_Water
HP_Other
Stove
Stove_L
Stove_S
OpenFire
TS
CHP
Solar
Deviations from averages ("common values") per country
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
+3%
+15%
+1%
-19%
-0%
+6%
-15%
+17%
+1% -12%
-8%
+3%
-5%
+5%
-4%
-5%
-7% +39% -11%
+4%
-16%
+2%
+3% +1%
+17%
-9%
+19%
-12%
+1%
-6%
-4% +3%
-6% +27%
-1%
-0%
+2%
+1%
-3%
-7%
-8%
-9%
+82%
-2%
-9% -13% +11%
0%
-1%
+1%
+1%
-1%
+13%
-1%
+4%
-16%
+5%
+4%
+4%
-22%
+4%
+4%
-3%
+3%
-1%
-1%
-1%
+2%
-1%
+0%
-2%
+2%
-5%
+10%
-5%
-5%
0%
-22%
-1%
+4% +7% -22% +20% +18% -14%
+7%
+7%
-4%
-17% +55%
+2% +6% -17%
-4% -44% +19%
+9%
-4%
+9%
-4%
-10%
+18%
+3%
-16% +31%
-16%
+10%
+3%
-8%
+1%
+5%
-9%
+1%
-16%
-6%
+9%
-8%
+9%
+98%
-5%
+38%
-1%
-6%
-25%
+3%
+4%
-19%
+12%
-2%
-1%
-9%
-12%
-2%
-5%
+20%
-10%
30
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 13:
Energy expenditure factors heat generation (heating systems) /
merged and condensed values
energy
efficiency
poor
boiler, nonmedium
condensing
high
consideration in "common"
poor
boiler, condensing
medium
high
consideration in "common"
poor
wood-pellets boiler
medium
high
consideration in "common"
poor
gas-fired instantaneous water heater,
medium
non-condensing
high
consideration in "common"
poor
gas-fired instantaneous water heater,
medium
condensing
high
consideration in "common"
poor
gas-fired space heater medium
high
consideration in "common"
poor
electric immersion
medium
heater
high
consideration in "common"
poor
direct electric heat
medium
generator
high
consideration in "common"
poor
heat pump, heat
medium
source external air
high
consideration in "common"
poor
heat pump, heat
medium
source ground
high
consideration in "common"
poor
heat pump, heat
medium
source exhaust air
high
consideration in "common"
poor
stove
medium
high
consideration in "common"
poor
open fire
medium
high
consideration in "common"
poor
district heating
medium
transfer station
high
consideration in "common"
poor
combined heat and
medium
power generation
high
consideration in "common"
poor
thermal solar plant
medium
high
consideration in "common"
heat generator type
B_NC
B_C
B_WP
G_IWH_NC
G_IWH_C
G_SH
E_Immersion
E
HP_Air
HP_Ground
HP_ExhAir
Stove
OpenFire
TS
CHP
Solar
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
1,37
1,31
1,25
1
1,14
1,13
1,12
1
1,34
1,34
1,34
1
2,00
1,45
1,13
1
1,07
1,05
1,04
1
1,43
1,33
1,25
1
1,09
1,07
1,05
1
1,33
1,33
1,33
1
1,46
1,31
1,18
1
1,21
1,15
1,06
1
1,37
1,31
1,25
1
1,27
1,23
1,18
1
1,18
1,14
1,09
1
1,40
1,40
1,40
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,45
0,40
0,35
1
0,36
0,32
0,29
1
1,54
1,25
1,07
1
1,05
1,05
1,02
1
2,23
1,81
1,46
1
1,41
1,41
1,41
1
2,62
2,62
2,62
1
1,53
1,31
1,11
1
1,15
1,10
1,04
1
1,62
1,48
1,25
1
1,11
1,11
1,11
1
1,57
1,32
1,18
1
1,14
1,14
1,14
1
1,44
1,42
1,40
1
1,75
1,27
1,16
1
1,43
1,13
1,04
1
1,59
1,31
1,18
1
1,40
1,21
1,11
1
1,35
1,22
1,10
1
1,18
1,08
0,98
1,25
1,25
1,25
1
2,00
1,60
1,20
1
1,92
1,36
1,13
n=12
1,31
1,13
1,06
n=10
2,12
1,52
1,31
n=8
1,27
1,24
1,20
n=2
1,17
1,13
1,10
n=2
1,50
1,41
1,29
n=4
1,08
1,03
1,00
n=3
1,25
1,02
1,00
n=9
0,50
0,37
0,30
n=11
0,52
0,31
0,21
n=12
0,36
0,33
0,31
n=3
2,96
1,92
1,40
n=7
4,44
3,39
2,44
n=3
1,34
1,13
1,06
n=10
1,67
1,67
1,67
n=2
0,00
0,00
0,00
n=7
1,59
1,59
1,59
1
1,01
1,01
1,01
1
0,29
0,29
0,29
1
0,25
0,25
0,25
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,37
0,37
0,37
1
0,70
0,47
0,26
1
2,22
1,74
1,52
1
1,81
1,51
1,34
1
1,02
1,02
1,02
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,42
0,39
0,35
1
0,32
0,31
0,29
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,29
0,29
0,29
1
0,25
0,25
0,25
1
1,60
1,50
1,40
1
1,05
1,04
1,02
1
1,67
1,67
1,67
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
1,45
1,16
1,06
1
0,45
0,45
0,45
1
0,29
0,29
0,29
1
3,76
3,76
3,76
1
1,02
1,02
1,02
1
1,67
1,67
1,67
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
1,06
1,05
1,03
1
3,33
3,33
3,33
1
-
1,53
1,53
1,53
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
1,25
1,25
1,25
1
1,12
1,12
1,12
1
1,46
1,46
1,46
1
1,11
1,06
1,00
1
1,05
0,93
0,28
0,59
0,44
0,29
1
0,19
0,17
0,14
1
0,29
0,29
0,29
1
1,57
1,35
1,07
1
5,00
3,50
2,00
1
1,25
1,15
1,05
1
1,30
1,24
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,18
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,38
0,32
0,26
1
0,36
0,36
0,36
1
1,05
1,02
1,00
1
0,40
0,40
0,40
1
0,33
0,33
0,33
1
2,50
2,14
1,79
1
3,33
3,33
3,33
1
1,09
1,09
1,09
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,29
0,29
0,29
1
0,38
0,38
0,38
1
1,67
1,47
1,19
1
3,33
3,33
3,33
1
1,08
1,05
1,01
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
1,02
1,02
1,02
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,40
0,40
0,40
1
0,33
0,33
0,33
1
0,33
0,33
0,33
1
0,36
0,36
0,36
1
0,29
0,29
0,29
1
1,33
1,33
1,33
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
-
-
Energy expenditure factor electricity (CHP)
CHP
poor
medium
high
consideration in "common"
combined heat and
power generation
-
-
3,33
3,33
3,33
1
Remarks
Merging of subdivisions of heat generators
B_NC:
includes values of: B_NC, B_NC_CT, B_NC_LT
E:
includes values of: E, E_Storage, E_Underfloor, E_SH
Stove:
includes values of: Stove, Stove_L, Stove_S
Determination of common values
B_C:
SI: not considered / values are unrealistic low (referring to Hi instead of HS?)
E:
GR: not considered / values are unrealistic low (including heat pump systems?)
-
0,00
0,00
0,00
-
-
-
3,33
3,33
3,33
n=2
Supply System Components
Figure 11:
Heat generation expenditure factors of heating systems (1)
boilers: <B_NC> non-condensing, <B_C> condensing, <B_WP> wood-pellets
3,0
e_g_h_Heat
FR
HG
SE
IT
PL
CZ
DE
SI
IT
PL
IE
AT
FR
GR
DE
DK
CZ
AT
BE
SI
PL
SE
IT
GR
DE
DK
1,5
CZ
BE
IE
SI
FR
2,0
AT
energy expenditure factor heat generation
2,5
1,0
B_NC
Figure 12:
B_C
IE
DK
BE
SE
0,0
GR
0,5
B_WP
Heat generation expenditure factors of heating systems (2)
electrical heat pumps, heat sources: <HP_Air> external air, <HP_Ground> ground, <HP_ExhAir> exhaust air
0,8
e_g_h_Heat
HG
0,6
BE
PL
SE
GR
PL
SI
IT
FR
DK
GR
0,2
DE
CZ
AT
DK
0,3
SE
IE
SI
IT
SE
GR
DE
IE
BE
0,4
CZ
FR
0,5
AT
HP_Air
HP_Ground
HP_ExhAir
SI
IT
IE
FR
DK
DE
CZ
0,0
BE
AT
0,1
PL
energy expenditure factor heat generation
0,7
32
TABULA Database Evaluation
Figure 13:
Heat generation expenditure factors of heating systems (3)
gas-fired instantaneous water heaters: <G_IWH_NC> non-condensing, <G_IWH_C> condensing; <G_SH> gas-fired space
heater; <Stoves> stoves; <OpenFire> open fires; <TS> district heating transfer station
4,0
GR
FR
e_g_h_Heat
PL
IE
HG
3,0
IT
2,5
FR
G_IWH_NC
G_IWH_C
G_SH
Stove
OpenFire
IE
BE
SE
SI
IT
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
SE
SI
IE
DK
CZ
IE
IT
PL
SE
DK
FR
BE
CZ
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
DK
FR
AT
BE
CZ
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
0,0
DK
FR
0,5
TS
SI
GR
IT
PL
AT
1,0
CZ
DE
DK
SE
PL
GR
DE
BE
SI
GR
DE
GR
DE
1,5
GR
DE
AT
AT
2,0
AT
BE
CZ
energy expenditure factor heat generation
3,5
Supply System Components
Table 14:
TABULA Code
Heat generation of heating systems / derived default values (simplified common values)
Description
energy efficiency
B_NC
boiler, non-condensing
B_C
boiler, condensing
B_WP
wood-pellets boiler
G_IWH_NC
heat generation
expenditure factor
(heating systems)
electricity generation
expenditure factor
(heating systems)
delivered energy demand (HS)
devided by produced heat
electricity demand
devided by produced heat
eg,h
eg,el,h
[-]
[-]
poor
medium
high
poor
medium
high
1,92
1,36
1,13
-
-
-
1,31
1,13
1,06
-
-
-
2,12
1,52
1,31
-
-
-
gas-fired instantaneous water
heater, non-condensing
1,27
1,24
1,20
-
-
-
G_IWH_C
gas-fired instantaneous water
heater, condensing
1,17
1,13
1,10
-
-
-
G_SH
gas-fired space heater
1,50
1,41
1,29
-
-
-
E_Immersion
electric immersion heater
1,08
1,03
1,00
-
-
-
E
direct electric heat generator
1,25
1,02
1,00
-
-
-
HP_Air
heat pump, heat source external
air
0,50
0,37
0,30
-
-
-
HP_Ground
heat pump, heat source ground
0,52
0,31
0,21
-
-
-
HP_ExhAir
heat pump, heat source exhaust
air
0,36
0,33
0,31
-
-
-
Stove
stove
2,96
1,92
1,40
-
-
-
OpenFire
open fire
4,44
3,39
2,44
-
-
-
TS
district heating transfer station
1,34
1,13
1,06
-
-
-
CHP
combined heat and power generation
1,67
1,67
1,67
3,33
3,33
3,33
Solar
thermal solar plant
0,00
0,00
0,00
-
-
-
34
TABULA Database Evaluation
4.3
HS – Heating Systems / Heat Storage
Table 15:
BS
BS_E
BS_Wood
Other
Annual heat loss of the space heating storage
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
Table 16:
AT
-
BE
-
CZ
-
DE
-
7,1
7,5
7,8
7,1
7,5
7,8
5,6
7,2
8,8
5,6
7,2
8,8
9,5
10,3
11,0
9,5
10,3
11,0
4,5
5,2
5,9
4,5
5,2
5,9
+40%
+35%
+93%
-2%
7,1
10,6
20,0
7,1
10,6
20,0
10,1
12,4
14,6
10,1
12,4
14,6
7,9
10,1
12,2
7,9
10,1
12,2
7,2
9,2
11,1
7,2
9,2
11,1
+19%
+39%
+13%
+3%
-
-
-
-
DK
2,0
3,6
6,4
0,3
0,7
1,3
FR
-
-56%
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
-100%
-66%
-
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
-
-
IT
1,4
4,2
7,5
0,8
3,1
6,6
PL
3,0
6,9
12,0
3,0
6,9
12,0
SE
2,5
17,3
28,8
0,1
0,1
0,1
SI
2,0
5,3
8,5
2,0
5,3
8,5
common
2,1
6,6
13,5
1,3
3,1
6,1
deviation
-68%
-23%
-24%
+42%
+79%
+8%
-
-
-
-
-
4,07
5,32
6,61
4,07
5,32
6,61
-
-
-
7,0
10,1
14,1
-
-
6,13
9,00
13,40
5,98
8,79
13,28
-
-
-
-
-
1,80
1,80
1,80
1,80
1,80
1,80
IE
IT
-24%
+104%
-59%
-54%
+99%
+24%
-23%
0%
+24%
-32%
+49%
-32%
-2%
+51%
-80%
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
Deviations from averages ("common values") per country
BE
CZ
DE
BS_E
+40%
+35%
+93%
-2%
BS_Wood
Other
+19%
+39%
+13%
+3%
BS
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
AT
DK
-56%
FR
100%
GR
-48%
PL
+42%
SE
+79%
SI
+8%
-66%
-80%
0%
Annual heat loss of the space heating storage /
merged and condensed values
energy efficiency
poor
buffer
medium
storage
high
consideration in "common"
heat storage type
IE
-
-48%
-
BS
Table 17:
GR
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
13,9
9,0
7,1
1
11,7
9,8
7,9
1
11,6
10,2
8,7
1
8,5
7,2
5,9
1
6,4
2,1
0,3
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
1
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
7,5
3,7
0,8
1
12,0
6,9
3,0
1
21,5
9,4
3,6
1
8,5
5,3
2,0
1
15,9
6,5
2,2
n=10
Supply System Components
Figure 14:
Annual storage heat losses of heating systems
<BS> buffer storages
25
q_s_h
HS
SI
PL
DE
SE
CZ
10
BE
15
AT
annual heat losses heat storage [kWh/(m²a)]
20
0
IE
FR
GR
DK
IT
5
BS
Table 18:
Annual heat loss of the space heating storage /
derived default values (simplified common values)
TABULA code description
heat loss of the space heating storage
annual heat losses during heating season
per m² reference area
qs,h
[kWh/(m²a)]
energy efficiency
-
no heat storage
BS
buffer storage
poor
medium
high
0,0
0,0
0,0
15,9
6,5
2,2
36
4.4
TABULA Database Evaluation
HD – Heating Systems / Heat Distribution
Table 19:
D
C
C_Int
C_Ext
A
Air_Int
Air_Ext
MV_SupExh_Ext
MV_SupExh_Int
MV_SupExh_Int
Annual heat loss of the space heating distribution
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
BE
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
CZ
-
DE
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
DK
-
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
GR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
IE
0,0
0,0
0,0
IT
-
PL
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
SE
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
SI
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
common
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
deviation
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,8
3,4
5,0
1,8
3,4
5,0
-
-
-
-
4,0
9,3
14,0
4,0
9,3
14,0
2,53
6,37
11,00
2,53
6,37
11,00
-60%
10,0
20,0
30,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
7,0
7,0
7,0
7,0
7,0
7,0
6,2
6,2
6,2
6,2
6,2
6,2
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,5
3,3
6,2
0,5
3,3
6,2
0,0
9,5
20,1
0,0
2,6
5,2
1,6
14,2
32,1
-
12,0
12,0
12,0
12,0
12,0
12,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
+243%
-100%
+20%
+6%
-100%
-100%
-43%
+3%
7,0
7,0
7,0
7,0
7,0
7,0
5,1
11,1
17,0
3,8
8,3
12,8
8,5
18,7
33,0
8,5
18,7
33,0
10,7
21,7
31,7
5,7
15,6
22,0
1,7
7,5
22,1
0,7
3,0
4,2
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,8
9,0
22,6
0,8
9,0
22,6
-
-42%
-19%
+56%
+56%
-56%
-100%
-25%
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,0
1,8
2,5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,9
3,5
5,0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-47%
+73%
-60%
0%
+73%
+47%
-
3,11
6,56
12,14
3,25
5,11
8,78
+106%
-100%
3,5
23,8
53,1
2,0
15,6
35,1
16,2
19,9
23,5
16,2
19,9
23,5
-
-
5,35
13,17
26,31
4,47
10,79
19,53
+64%
+66%
1,0
9,7
22,4
-
-
-
1,00
5,72
15,77
-
-
-
-
-
1,90
3,45
5,00
-
4,2
5,8
7,4
-
-
-
-
-
-
4,20
5,80
7,40
-
-
2,9
4,1
5,2
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,90
4,05
5,20
-
-
-
1,3
2,4
3,5
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,30
2,40
3,50
-
-
-
1,3
2,4
3,5
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,30
2,40
3,50
-
-53%
+85%
-37%
-22%
+72%
-59%
+100%
-59%
-18%
+81%
-83%
+176%
-45%
+45%
-28%
+28%
-28%
+28%
-46%
+46%
-46%
+46%
Supply System Components
Table 20:
Deviations from averages ("common values") per country
AT
BE
C_Int
+243%
100%
C_Ext
-42%
-19%
CZ
DE
DK
FR
+20%
+6%
100%
+56%
+56%
-56%
100%
100%
GR
D
C
IE
IT
PL
SE
+106%
100%
-47%
-43%
SI
+47%
+3%
-25%
+64%
+66%
A
Air_Int
Air_Ext
MV_SupExh_Ext
MV_SupExh_Int
MV_SupExh_Int
Table 21:
Annual heat loss of the space heating distribution /
merged and condensed values
energy
efficiency
poor
medium
high
heat distribution type
D
decentral system
consideration in "common"
C_Int
C_Ext
central heating, all pipes
inside of thermal envelope
poor
medium
high
consideration in "common"
central heating, fraction of
pipeline outside of
thermal envelope
consideration in "common"
poor
medium
high
AT
BE
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
30,0
20,0
10,0
1
7,0
7,0
7,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
17,0
9,7
3,8
1
CZ
DE
7,0
7,0
7,0
1
33,0
18,7
8,5
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
6,2
6,2
6,2
1
31,7
18,6
5,7
1
DK
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
22,1
5,3
0,7
1
FR
GR
IE
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
6,2
3,3
0,5
1
22,6
9,0
0,8
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
20,1
6,0
0,0
1
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
32,1
14,2
1,6
1
53,1
19,7
2,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
12,0
12,0
12,0
1
23,5
19,9
16,2
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
14,0
9,3
4,0
1
14,0
9,3
4,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
n=9
21,4
6,5
1,7
n=12
39,0
13,0
3,1
n=9
Remarks
Determination of common values
C_Ext
FR: not considered / 0 kWh/(m²a) is not plausible
Figure 15:
Annual distribution heat losses of heating systems /
central heating: <C_Int> all pipes inside of thermal envelope; <C_Ext> fraction of pipeline outside of thermal envelope
60
q_d_h
HD
40
PL
IT
DE
CZ
SI
GR
C_Ext
SE
IE
DK
FR
AT
SI
C_Int
SE
FR
DK
GR
IE
DE
CZ
10
0
BE
PL
IT
20
AT
30
BE
annual heat losses heat distribution [kWh/(m²a)]
50
38
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 22:
Annual heat loss of the space heating distribution /
derived default values (simplified common values)
TABULA code
description
heat loss of the space heating distribution
annual heat losses during heating season
per m² reference area
qd,h
[kWh/(m²a)]
energy efficiency
D
decentral system
C_Int
poor
medium
high
0,0
0,0
0,0
central heating, all pipes inside of thermal
envelope
21,4
6,5
1,7
C_Ext
central heating, fraction of pipeline outside of
thermal envelope
39,0
13,0
3,1
4.5
HA – Heating Systems / Auxiliary Energy
Table 23:
D
C
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
Table 24:
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of space heating systems
differentiated by country and by building size class
AT
-
DE
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
DK
-
-100%
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
GR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
-100%
-100%
IE
-
IT
1,6
3,3
4,9
PL
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
SE
-
-100%
SI
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
common
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,2
0,5
1,2
deviation
1,96
3,52
5,28
2,04
3,07
4,61
-44%
-57%
+164%
-100%
0,0
3,4
6,7
0,0
1,0
2,0
1,1
2,8
4,8
1,1
2,8
4,8
0,5
4,3
8,0
0,5
1,8
3,0
6,1
6,1
6,1
1,8
1,8
1,8
3,2
4,3
5,5
5,5
5,5
5,5
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
2,3
5,5
0,0
2,3
5,5
1,4
2,0
2,6
1,8
1,8
1,8
2,7
3,8
4,4
1,6
2,1
2,6
6,2
6,2
6,2
6,2
6,2
6,2
1,6
4,5
8,1
5,3
8,9
12,0
2,7
2,7
2,7
2,7
2,7
2,7
-34%
-16%
-9%
+20%
+49%
-100%
-30%
-43%
-10%
+88%
+103%
-18%
+50%
-34%
-13%
+50%
Deviations from averages ("common values") per country
-34%
Table 25:
CZ
-
-100%
AT
D
C
BE
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
BE
-100%
-16%
CZ
-9%
DE
-100%
+20%
DK
+49%
FR
-100%
-100%
GR
-100%
-30%
IE
IT
-43%
-10%
PL
SE
-100%
+88% +103%
SI
-100%
-18%
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of space heating systems /
merged and condensed values
heat generator type
energy efficiency
poor
decentral system,
no distribution
medium
D
ducts available
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central heating,
distribution by
medium
C
pipeline
high
consideration in "common"
AT
6,7
2,2
0,0
1
BE
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
4,8
2,8
1,1
1
CZ
8,0
3,0
0,5
1
DE
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
6,1
4,0
1,8
1
DK
5,5
4,9
3,2
1
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
GR
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
5,5
2,3
0,0
1
IE
2,6
1,9
1,4
1
IT
4,9
3,3
1,6
1
4,4
3,0
1,6
1
Remarks
Determination of common values
D
IT: not considered (central heating system per apartment; here the category "D" would be interpreted as a system without pump)
C
FR: not considered / 0 kWh/(m²a) is not plausible
PL
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
6,2
6,2
6,2
1
SE
12,0
6,7
1,6
1
SI
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
2,7
2,7
2,7
1
common
2,8
0,5
0,1
n=7
8,9
3,6
0,9
n=11
Supply System Components
Figure 16:
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of space heating systems /
<C> central heating systems
14
q_del_h_aux
HA
10
PL
SE
8
DE
DK
6
GR
SI
IT
CZ
BE
4
IE
AT
annual auxiliary energy demand [kWh/(m²a)]
12
FR
2
0
C
Table 26:
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of space heating systems /
derived default values (simplified common values)
TABULA code
description
auxiliary energy demand (electricity)
of heating systems
annual values in kWh per m² reference area for heat generation
(blower, control), storage (pump), distribution (pump) and heat
emission (fan), as far as available
qdel,h,aux
[kWh/(m²a)]
energy efficiency
D
decentral system, no distribution ducts available
C
central heating, distribution by pipeline
poor
medium
high
0,0
0,0
0,0
8,9
3,6
0,9
40
4.6
TABULA Database Evaluation
WG – Domestic Hot Water Systems / Heat Generation
Table 27:
B
B_NC
B_NC_CT
B_NC_LT
B_C
B_WP
G_IWH
G_IWH_NC
G_IWH_C
G_Tank
Energy expenditure factors heat generation (heating systems)
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
1,33
1,53
1,67
1,33
1,53
1,67
BE
-
CZ
-
DE
-
DK
-
FR
-
GR
1,26
1,39
1,64
1,26
1,39
1,64
1,25
1,41
1,53
1,25
1,41
1,53
1,31
1,36
1,47
1,28
1,36
1,44
-
-
1,07
1,12
1,16
-
-
1,53
1,53
1,53
1,53
1,53
1,53
+4%
+1%
1,3
1,47
1,59
1,3
1,47
1,59
1,85
1,85
1,85
1,48
1,52
1,56
1,47
1,5
1,54
1,47
1,5
1,54
1,63
1,7
1,76
1,32
1,38
1,43
1,07
1,3
1,54
1,14
1,34
1,54
1,84
2,39
3,27
1,98
2,31
3,16
1,14
1,29
1,5
1,14
1,29
1,5
1,25
1,44
1,62
1,4
1,51
1,62
-4%
+10%
-2%
+0%
-14%
+53%
-16%
-4%
1,14
1,16
1,18
1,14
1,16
1,18
-
1,33
1,38
1,43
1,33
1,38
1,43
1,27
1,33
1,38
1,2
1,25
1,29
-
1,57
1,77
1,96
1,57
1,77
1,96
1,09
1,14
1,19
1,09
1,14
1,19
-
-
+8%
+1%
+38%
-11%
1,18
1,26
1,32
1,18
1,26
1,32
1,21
1,26
1,31
1,17
1,2
1,24
1,02
1,04
1,05
1,05
1,05
1,05
1,51
1,7
1,89
1,51
1,7
1,89
1,02
1,09
1,15
1,02
1,09
1,15
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,11
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,13
1,15
+7%
+4%
-11%
+44%
-8%
-6%
-5%
-5%
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,63
1,63
1,63
1,32
1,32
1,32
-
3,44
3,44
3,44
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,82
1,82
1,82
1,82
1,82
1,82
-
1,39
1,77
2,47
1,39
1,77
2,47
1,19
1,19
1,19
1,19
1,19
1,19
+32%
-11%
1,24
1,24
1,24
1,24
1,24
1,24
-
-
-
1,19
1,22
1,25
1,19
1,22
1,25
+2%
-2%
0%
+2%
-
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
1,18
1,23
1,25
1,18
1,23
1,25
+2%
-4%
0%
+2%
+5%
1,17
1,17
1,17
-
-12%
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
-
-14%
1,13
1,14
1,15
1,13
1,14
1,15
PL
-
SE
-
SI
-
common
1,28
1,46
1,66
1,28
1,46
1,66
deviation
-12%
-
1,24
1,36
1,48
1,17
1,31
1,53
-
1,11
1,23
1,4
1,11
1,23
1,4
1,35
1,35
1,35
1,35
1,35
1,35
1,24
1,34
1,43
1,26
1,37
1,47
-7%
-9%
-0%
-
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
+13%
-15%
-6%
-
-
-
-
-
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,31
1,31
1,31
1,31
1,31
1,31
1,31
1,33
1,35
1,31
1,33
1,35
1,31
1,33
1,35
1,31
1,33
1,35
-
-
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
-
-
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
1,12
-
-
1,22
1,22
1,22
1,22
1,22
1,22
-13%
-
IT
-
+14%
-12%
0%
+14%
-5%
-10%
1,03
1,04
1,06
1,03
1,04
1,06
IE
-
-1%
-
+0%
-2%
-1%
-1%
-
-
1,27
1,29
1,31
1,27
1,29
1,31
-
-
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
1,34
+9%
+9%
-
-8%
-0%
1,40
1,57
1,88
1,37
1,51
1,80
-11%
+20%
-9%
-4%
+20%
-22%
-
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,22
1,29
1,42
1,20
1,27
1,40
-6%
+10%
-5%
-1%
+10%
-14%
-
0,98
1,08
1,18
0,98
1,08
1,18
1,12
1,18
1,28
1,11
1,18
1,29
-5%
+8%
-5%
-0%
+9%
-8%
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,2
1,6
2
1,2
1,6
2
-20%
+2%
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
+39%
-7%
+6%
1,16
1,16
1,16
1,11
1,11
1,11
-11%
-3%
-
1,54
1,54
1,54
1,54
1,54
1,54
+7%
-8%
+2%
+8%
1,63
1,77
2,06
1,27
1,37
1,54
1,24
1,31
1,41
1,24
1,31
1,41
-8%
+17%
-7%
-22%
+13%
-5%
+8%
-5%
0%
+8%
-24%
-
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,18
1,27
1,34
1,57
1,27
1,34
1,57
-5%
+18%
-5%
0%
+18%
-12%
-2%
+2%
-
-
-18%
-4%
Supply System Components
E
E_Immersion
E_IWH
HP
HP_Air
HP_Ground
HP_ExhAir
HP_Water
HP_Cellar
HP_Other
TS
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
1,01
BE
1
1
1
1
1
1
CZ
-
DE
-
DK
1
1
1
-
FR
-
-6%
-7%
-
GR
1,03
1,04
1,05
1,03
1,04
1,05
IE
-
-
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
1,41
1,5
1,59
1,37
1,53
1,87
1
1,06
1,11
1
1,06
1,11
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0%
0%
-
0,37
0,37
0,37
0,37
0,37
0,37
-
-3%
-10%
IT
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
1,33
PL
-
SE
-
-
1
1
1
-
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
+24%
SI
1
1
1
1
1
1
common
1,05
1,06
1,10
1,06
1,08
1,12
deviation
-1%
-
1,06
1,10
1,19
1,07
1,12
1,31
-3%
+4%
-1%
+1%
+4%
-7%
+8%
-5%
+2%
+17%
+37%
-4%
-10%
-
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
-
1
1
1
-8%
-
-
1,00
1,00
1,00
1,00
1,00
1,00
0%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,38
0,39
0,39
0,38
0,39
0,39
-1%
0,35
0,39
0,42
0,35
0,39
0,42
0,35
0,4
0,45
0,35
0,4
0,45
-
0,86
0,86
0,86
0,86
0,86
0,86
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,36
0,36
0,36
-
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
-
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,36
0,36
0,36
0,36
0,36
0,36
0,42
0,44
0,49
0,42
0,45
0,51
-12%
-10%
-10%
-19%
0,29
0,31
0,32
0,29
0,31
0,32
0,29
0,32
0,36
0,29
0,32
0,36
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
+3%
+6%
+9%
-4%
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
-
0,30
0,31
0,31
0,30
0,31
0,31
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
-4%
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
+1%
-1%
0%
+1%
+4%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-2%
-2%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
-
+94%
-26%
-
-
0,22
0,22
0,22
0,22
0,22
0,22
-
-
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
0,29
-
-
-
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,35
0,37
0,39
0,35
0,37
0,39
-
-
-
-
-
1,02
1,04
1,05
1,02
1,04
1,05
1,14
1,14
1,14
1,14
1,14
1,14
1,03
1,05
1,06
1,03
1,05
1,06
2,39
2,39
2,39
-9%
-0%
-8%
-10%
0,38
0,38
0,38
-
-27%
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,25
0,25
0,25
-
+9%
0,29
0,30
0,32
0,28
0,30
0,32
-5%
+13%
-6%
+3%
+14%
-5%
+5%
-6%
-1%
+5%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0%
-
-
-
-
-
0,32
0,34
0,36
0,32
0,34
0,36
-5%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,05
1,15
1,25
1,05
1,15
1,25
-
-
1,15
1,15
1,15
1,15
1,15
1,15
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1
1
1
1
1
1
1,05
1,07
1,10
1,18
1,22
1,35
+0%
-11%
-13%
-5%
-1%
+2%
-1%
0%
+2%
+8%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
+10%
-11%
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
0,3
+7%
-5%
0%
+7%
-10%
+0%
-2%
+3%
-3%
+14%
+11%
42
CHP
Solar
Table 28:
B
B_NC
B_NC_CT
B_NC_LT
B_C
B_WP
G_IWH
G_IWH_NC
G_IWH_C
G_Tank
E
E_Immersion
E_IWH
HP
HP_Air
HP_Ground
HP_ExhAir
HP_Water
HP_Cellar
HP_Other
TS
CHP
Solar
TABULA Database Evaluation
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
-
BE
-
CZ
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0,15
0,31
0,47
0,15
0,31
0,47
0
0
0
0
0
0
-100%
+1100%
-100%
DE
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
1,67
DK
-
FR
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-100%
-100%
-100%
GR
1,18
1,24
1,3
1,18
1,24
1,3
IE
-
IT
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-100%
-100%
-100%
+20%
-11%
PL
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
1,27
SE
-
SI
-
common
1,33
1,39
1,48
1,33
1,39
1,48
deviation
-5%
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0,01
0,03
0,07
0,01
0,03
0,07
-55%
+180%
-55%
0%
+180%
-100%
-100%
-100%
SE
SI
-9%
-0%
-22%
-14%
-8%
+2%
-24%
-12%
+6%
-5%
0%
+6%
-9%
Deviations from averages ("common values") per country
AT
+5%
+4%
-4%
-10%
-12%
-14%
-13%
BE
+1%
+10%
-2%
CZ
DE
DK
FR
-2%
+8%
+7%
-15%
+0%
+1%
+4%
-6%
-14%
+53%
+38%
+44%
-1%
+9%
-6%
-11%
-1%
+6%
+9%
-10%
0%
+37%
0%
-12%
+3%
-2%
-10%
+6%
-2%
+94%
-4%
+10%
-100%
-9%
+1100%
-100%
-0%
+20%
-100%
IE
IT
PL
-1%
-4%
-6%
-5%
+0%
-11%
-5%
-20%
-7%
-11%
GR
-5%
+13%
-16%
-11%
-8%
-8%
-100%
-100%
-3%
-7%
-8%
-0%
-3%
-4%
0%
+4%
-26%
-27%
-5%
0%
-10%
+0%
-11%
-100%
+32%
+2%
+39%
-11%
-18%
-7%
+24%
-10%
-8%
-10%
+9%
-100%
-100%
+0%
-9%
-100%
-10%
+9%
+8%
-19%
-4%
-11%
-13%
-100%
-100%
Supply System Components
Table 29:
Energy expenditure factors heat generation (dhw systems) /
merged and condensed values
energy
efficiency
poor
boiler, nonmedium
condensing
high
consideration in "common"
poor
boiler, condensing
medium
high
consideration in "common"
poor
wood-pellets boiler
medium
high
consideration in "common"
poor
gas-fired instantaneous water heater,
medium
non-condensing
high
consideration in "common"
poor
gas-fired instantaneous water heater,
medium
condensing
high
consideration in "common"
poor
gas burner for directly
medium
heated DHW tank
high
consideration in "common"
poor
electric immersion
medium
heater
high
consideration in "common"
poor
direct electric heat
generator, not
medium
specified
high
consideration in "common"
poor
heat pump, heat
medium
source external air
high
consideration in "common"
poor
heat pump, heat
medium
source ground
high
consideration in "common"
poor
heat pump, heat
medium
source exhaust air
high
consideration in "common"
poor
heat pump, heat
medium
source: cellar air
high
consideration in "common"
poor
district heating
medium
transfer station
high
consideration in "common"
poor
combined heat and
medium
power generation
high
consideration in "common"
poor
thermal solar plant
medium
high
consideration in "common"
heat generator type
B_NC
B_C
B_WP
G_IWH_NC
G_IWH_C
G_Tank
E_Immersion
E
HP_Air
HP_Ground
HP_ExhAir
HP_Cellar
TS
CHP
Solar
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
1,59
1,35
1,14
1
1,06
1,04
1,03
1
1,34
1,34
1,34
1
1,85
1,52
1,28
1
1,17
1,17
1,17
1
1,54
1,44
1,33
1
1,32
1,26
1,18
1
1,33
1,33
1,33
1
1,35
1,33
1,31
1
1,76
1,42
1,20
1
1,31
1,23
1,17
1
1,63
1,48
1,32
1
1,35
1,33
1,31
1
1,31
1,29
1,27
1
1,34
1,34
1,34
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,45
0,40
0,35
1
0,36
0,32
0,29
1
0,30
0,30
0,30
1
0,39
0,37
0,35
1
1,14
1,14
1,14
1
1,67
1,67
1,67
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
1,54
1,25
1,07
1
1,05
1,05
1,02
1
3,27
2,06
1,57
1
1,89
1,70
1,51
1
3,44
3,44
3,44
1,53
1,32
1,09
1
1,15
1,09
1,02
1
1,62
1,48
1,25
1
1,11
1,11
1,11
1
1,53
1,34
1,17
1
1,12
1,12
1,12
1
1,54
1,34
1,11
1
1,15
1,12
1,10
1
1,40
1,23
1,11
1
1,35
1,22
1,10
1
1,18
1,08
0,98
1,25
1,25
1,25
1
2,00
1,60
1,20
1
1,18
1,18
1,18
1
2,49
1,41
1,14
n=12
1,56
1,19
1,08
n=10
1,76
1,40
1,24
n=5
1,96
1,34
1,23
n=7
1,27
1,22
1,17
n=3
1,28
1,23
1,11
n=4
1,52
1,10
1,03
n=6
1,19
1,04
1,02
n=9
0,65
0,44
0,38
n=8
0,35
0,30
0,26
n=8
0,32
0,31
0,30
n=4
0,37
0,34
0,31
n=2
1,81
1,22
1,10
n=9
1,54
1,39
1,28
n=3
0,00
0,00
0,00
n=11
-
1,31
1,31
1,31
1
1,34
1,34
1,34
1
1,01
1,01
1,01
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
1,02
1,02
1,02
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,42
0,39
0,35
1
0,32
0,31
0,29
1
0,30
0,30
0,30
1
1,05
1,04
1,02
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,47
0,31
0,15
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
-
-
3,33
3,33
3,33
1
1,06
1,05
1,03
1
2,39
2,39
2,39
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
1,25
1,25
1,25
1
1,12
1,12
1,12
1
1,22
1,22
1,22
1
1,11
1,06
1,00
1
1,05
1,02
1,00
1
0,33
0,33
0,33
1
0,22
0,22
0,22
1
0,29
0,29
0,29
1
0,30
0,30
0,30
1
1,25
1,15
1,05
1
1,30
1,24
1,18
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
-
-
-
1,87
1,52
1,37
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,86
0,86
0,86
1
2,47
1,77
1,39
1
1,24
1,24
1,24
1
1,19
1,19
1,19
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,36
0,36
0,36
1
0,38
0,38
0,38
1
1,33
1,33
1,33
1
0,40
0,40
0,40
1
0,33
0,33
0,33
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,25
0,25
0,25
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
1,15
1,15
1,15
1
1,27
1,27
1,27
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
-
-
-
1,02
1,02
1,02
1
0,40
0,40
0,40
1
0,33
0,33
0,33
1
0,33
0,33
0,33
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,36
0,36
0,36
1
0,29
0,29
0,29
1
1,02
1,02
1,02
1
1,00
1,00
1,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
-
-
Electricity generation expenditure factor
CHP
poor
medium
high
consideration in "common"
combined heat and
power generation
Remarks
Merging of subdivisions of heat generators
B_NC:
includes values of: B_NC, B_NC_CT, B_NC_LT
E:
includes values of: E, E_IWH
Determination of common values
B_C:
SI: not considered / values are unrealistic low (referring to Hi instead of HS?)
B_WP
FR: not considered / values are unrealistic high
Solar:
BE: not considered (indicated as solar system combined with boiler, this is not the idea of the heat generator "thermal solar plant")
3,33
3,33
3,33
n=1
44
TABULA Database Evaluation
Figure 17:
Heat generation expenditure factors of DHW systems /
boilers: <B_NC> non-condensing, <B_C> condensing, <B_WP> wood-pellets
4,0
e_g_w_Heat
FR
WG
3,0
FR
2,5
SI
DE
SE
CZ
AT
SI
IT
PL
IE
GR
DK
CZ
DE
AT
BE
SI
PL
SE
IE
IT
DK
GR
DE
BE
1,5
CZ
FR
2,0
AT
energy expenditure factor heat generation
3,5
1,0
B_NC
Figure 18:
B_C
PL
IT
IE
DK
BE
SE
0,0
GR
0,5
B_WP
Heat generation expenditure factors of DHW systems /
<E_Immersion> electric immersion heaters, <E> or <E_IWH> electric instantaneous water heaters, electrical heat pumps,
heat sources: <HP_Air> external air, <HP_Ground> ground, <HP_ExhAir> exhaust air, <HP_Cellar> cellar air
2,0
e_g_w_Heat
WG
1,8
FR
IT
1,4
FR
SI
GR
PL
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
GR
PL
SE
IE
1,0
DE
1,2
0,8
GR
DE
SE
GR
CZ
DE
IT
PL
GR
SE
SI
IE
CZ
DE
SE
SI
0,4
GR
IE
IT
CZ
DE
0,6
E_Immersion
E or E_IWH
HP_Air
HP_Ground
HP_ExhAir
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
DK
FR
AT
BE
CZ
SI
IE
IT
PL
DK
FR
AT
BE
DK
FR
AT
BE
PL
DK
AT
BE
SE
IE
FR
SI
IT
0,0
DK
0,2
AT
BE
CZ
energy expenditure factor heat generation
1,6
HP_Cellar
Supply System Components
Figure 19:
Heat generation expenditure factors of DHW systems /
gas-fired instantaneous water heaters: <G_IWH_NC> non-condensing, <G_IWH_C> condensing; <G_Tank> gas burner for directly heated DHW tank (not including storage losses), <TS> district heating transfer station
4,0
e_g_w_Heat
WG
3,0
FR
2,5
SE
SI
PL
GR
CZ
DE
DK
SI
1,0
AT
GR
CZ
DE
GR
IT
DE
SI
PL
GR
1,5
BE
CZ
DE
IT
2,0
G_IWH_NC
G_IWH_C
G_Tank
IE
IT
BE
IE
IT
PL
SE
DK
FR
AT
BE
PL
SE
SI
IE
DK
FR
AT
BE
CZ
SE
IE
0,0
DK
FR
0,5
AT
energy expenditure factor heat generation
3,5
TS
46
Table 30:
TABULA Code
TABULA Database Evaluation
Heat generation of dhw systems / derived default values (simplified common values)
Description
energy efficiency
B_NC
boiler, non-condensing
B_C
boiler, condensing
B_WP
wood-pellets boiler
G_IWH_NC
heat generation
expenditure factor
(dhw systems)
electricity generation
expenditure factor
(dhw systems)
delivered energy demand (HS)
devided by produced heat
electricity demand
devided by produced heat
eg,w
eg,el,w
[-]
[-]
poor
medium
high
poor
medium
high
2,49
1,41
1,14
-
-
-
1,56
1,19
1,08
-
-
-
1,76
1,40
1,24
-
-
-
gas-fired instantaneous water
heater, non-condensing
1,96
1,34
1,23
-
-
-
G_IWH_C
gas-fired instantaneous water
heater, condensing
1,27
1,22
1,17
-
-
-
G_Tank
gas burner for directly heated
DHW tank
1,28
1,23
1,11
-
-
-
E_Immersion
electric immersion heater
1,52
1,10
1,03
-
-
-
E
direct electric heat generator, not
specified
1,19
1,04
1,02
-
-
-
HP_Air
heat pump, heat source external
air
0,65
0,44
0,38
-
-
-
HP_Ground
heat pump, heat source ground
0,35
0,30
0,26
-
-
-
HP_ExhAir
heat pump, heat source exhaust
air
0,32
0,31
0,30
-
-
-
HP_Cellar
heat pump, heat source: cellar
air
0,37
0,34
0,31
-
-
-
TS
district heating transfer station
1,81
1,22
1,10
-
-
-
CHP
combined heat and power generation
1,54
1,39
1,28
3,33
3,33
3,33
Solar
thermal solar plant
0,00
0,00
0,00
-
-
-
Supply System Components
4.7
WS – DHW Systems / Heat Storage
Table 31:
S_D
S_A
S_C_Int
S_C_Ext
S_Gas
Other
Annual heat loss of the dhw heat storage
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
4,3
5,7
9,2
4,3
5,7
9,2
BE
-
+114%
CZ
3,9
5,0
6,0
3,9
5,0
6,0
DE
2,9
3,3
3,6
2,9
3,3
3,6
DK
-
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
GR
2,4
2,6
2,8
2,4
2,6
2,8
IE
-
IT
-
PL
1,2
2,0
3,3
1,2
2,0
3,3
SE
-
common
1,9
2,7
4,3
1,9
2,7
4,3
+85%
+22%
-100%
-3%
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,4
2,4
2,4
-
2,5
4,5
7,4
-
-
-
2,43
3,47
5,73
3,4
18,7
46,7
3,4
18,7
46,7
1,6
2,4
3,5
1,6
2,4
3,5
6,5
9,3
12,0
1,1
1,7
2,2
5,6
8,1
10,5
1,0
1,4
1,8
2,9
4,0
4,7
2,6
2,6
2,6
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
3,3
13,3
45,1
3,3
7,5
14,6
2,8
5,1
8,4
1,6
3,0
4,9
6,3
8,5
10,6
1,3
1,9
2,4
2,5
13,7
28,8
0,1
1,1
2,0
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
2,88
7,13
16,88
1,42
3,55
9,99
+250%
-56%
+2%
-11%
-38%
-100%
-63%
+95%
-24%
-4%
+38%
-91%
-
1,9
2,8
4,2
1,9
2,8
4,2
6,5
9,3
12,0
1,1
1,7
2,2
5,6
8,1
10,5
1,0
1,4
1,8
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
-
3,6
6,6
10,7
2,1
3,8
6,2
12,0
12,0
12,0
1,3
1,9
2,4
-
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
+42%
+89%
2,2
2,2
2,2
2,2
2,2
2,2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-23%
+49%
+29%
-
-
18,0
18,0
18,0
18,0
18,0
18,0
22,5
22,5
22,5
22,5
22,5
22,5
+69%
+111%
-
-
-
-
-27%
SI
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
-100%
-
-
-
-
0%
+61%
-30%
0%
+61%
-93%
3,77
5,60
7,73
0,99
1,72
2,93
-30%
+65%
-60%
+137%
-60%
-50%
+181%
-33%
+38%
-42%
-69%
+71%
-86%
-79%
3,1
3,1
3,1
3,1
3,1
3,1
deviation
-30%
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
8,54
10,68
13,04
8,54
10,68
13,04
-20%
+22%
-20%
0%
+22%
-100%
-
3,10
3,10
3,10
3,10
3,10
3,10
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
48
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 32:
S_D
S_A
S_C_Int
S_C_Ext
S_Gas
Other
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
Table 33:
S_D
S_A
S_C_Int
S_C_Ext
S_Gas
Other
Portion of the dhw storage heat losses which is recoverable during the heating season
differentiated by country and by building size class
AT
-
BE
-
-
-
-
-
CZ
2,3
2,6
2,8
2,3
2,6
2,8
DE
1,9
2,2
2,4
1,9
2,2
2,4
DK
-
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
GR
0,0
1,2
2,4
0,0
1,2
2,4
IE
-
IT
-
+90%
+60%
-
-
-
-100%
-11%
-
1,0
1,4
2,1
1,0
1,4
2,1
4,3
6,0
7,6
0,8
1,1
1,4
3,6
5,2
6,7
0,6
0,9
1,2
2,9
4,0
4,7
0,6
0,6
0,6
-45%
+37%
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
+18%
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
PL
1,2
2,0
3,3
1,2
2,0
3,3
SE
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
1,3
2,4
4,0
-
-
-
0,43
1,22
2,67
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
3,0
12,0
40,6
3,0
6,8
13,1
1,5
2,7
4,5
0,9
1,6
2,6
6,3
8,5
10,6
1,3
1,9
2,4
1,0
1,5
7,5
1,0
1,0
1,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
1,96
3,75
10,40
0,77
1,39
3,13
-9%
-100%
-100%
+265%
-16%
+100%
-51%
-100%
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
+46%
-100%
SI
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
common
0,8
1,3
2,1
0,8
1,3
2,1
deviation
-41%
+54%
-41%
0%
+54%
-85%
0,06
0,07
0,13
0,06
0,07
0,13
-100%
-100%
-100%
-100%
-100%
-
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
-
-
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
-
-
-
-
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
-64%
+119%
-48%
+177%
-45%
-63%
+125%
-13%
+75%
-13%
0%
+75%
+600%
Deviations of the storage heat losses from averages ("common values") per country
AT
+114%
BE
CZ
+85%
DE
+22%
DK
FR
-100%
GR
-3%
IE
IT
PL
-27%
SE
SI
-93%
+250%
-56%
-23%
+2%
+49%
+69%
-11%
+29%
+111%
-38%
-100%
-100%
-63%
+95%
-24%
+42%
-4%
+89%
+38%
-91%
-86%
-100%
-79%
0%
Supply System Components
Table 34:
Annual heat loss of the dhw heat storage /
merged and condensed values
energy
efficiency
poor
decentral electric hot
medium
water storage
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central hot water
storage, inside of
medium
thermal envelope
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central hot water
storage, outside of
medium
thermal envelope
high
consideration in "common"
poor
directly gas heated
medium
hot water storage
high
consideration in "common"
heat storage type
S_D
S_C_Int
S_C_Ext
S_Gas
AT
9,2
5,7
4,3
1
46,7
18,7
3,4
1
BE
CZ
DE
3,5
2,4
1,6
1
4,2
2,8
1,9
1
6,0
5,0
3,9
1
12,0
5,5
1,1
1
12,0
5,5
1,1
1
18,0
18,0
18,0
1
3,6
3,3
2,9
1
10,5
4,7
1,0
1
10,5
4,7
1,0
1
22,5
22,5
22,5
1
DK
4,7
3,3
2,6
1
FR
GR
0,0
0,0
0,0
2,8
2,6
2,4
1
2,0
2,0
2,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
IE
45,1
10,4
3,3
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
IT
PL
8,4
4,1
1,6
1
10,7
5,2
2,1
1
3,3
2,0
1,2
1
10,6
5,2
1,3
1
12,0
6,9
1,3
1
SE
28,8
7,4
0,1
1
2,2
2,2
2,2
1
SI
0,2
0,2
0,2
1
0,5
0,5
0,5
1
0,5
0,5
0,5
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
common
6,7
3,1
1,3
n=6
31,2
5,8
0,9
n=11
10,2
4,3
0,9
n=6
18,4
14,2
8,2
n=3
Remarks
Determination of common values
all types:
FR: not considered / 0 kWh/(m²a) is not plausible
Table 35:
energy
efficiency
poor
decentral electric hot
medium
water storage
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central hot water
storage, inside of
medium
thermal envelope
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central hot water
storage, outside of
medium
thermal envelope
high
consideration in "common"
poor
directly gas heated
medium
hot water storage
high
consideration in "common"
heat storage type
S_D
S_C_Int
S_C_Ext
S_Gas
Portion of the dhw storage heat losses which is recoverable during the heating season /
merged and condensed values
AT
BE
CZ
DE
2,1
1,4
1,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
2,8
2,6
2,3
1
7,6
3,5
0,8
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
2,4
2,2
1,9
1
6,7
3,0
0,6
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
DK
4,7
2,3
0,6
1
FR
GR
0,0
0,0
0,0
2,4
1,2
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
IE
40,6
9,4
3,0
1
IT
PL
4,5
2,2
0,9
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
3,3
2,0
1,2
1
10,6
5,2
1,3
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
SE
7,5
1,3
1,0
1
SI
0,2
0,2
0,2
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,0
0,0
0,0
common
2,8
1,6
0,6
n=5
24,5
2,8
0,5
n=10
0,0
0,0
0,0
n=5
0,0
0,0
0,0
n=3
50
TABULA Database Evaluation
Figure 20:
Annual storage heat losses of DHW systems + recoverable fraction
<S_D> decentral electric hot water storage; <S_C_Ent> central hot water storage, inside of thermal envelope; <S_C_Ext>
central hot water storage, outside of thermal envelope; <S_Gas> directly gas heated hot water storage
30
q_s_w
WS
DE
CZ
AT
20
IE
15
PL
IT
S_C_Ext
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
DK
FR
AT
BE
SE
SI
DK
FR
GR
IE
GR
BE
S_C_Int
AT
SI
FR
S_D
CZ
DE
PL
IT
GR
DK
BE
PL
SE
SI
IE
IT
GR
CZ
DK
FR
0
BE
DE
5
CZ
DE
SE
10
AT
annual heat losses heat storage [kWh/(m²a)]
25
S_Gas
30
q_s_w_h
WS
20
15
PL
IE
10
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
SE
SI
FR
GR
S_C_Int
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
IT
CZ
DE
DK
AT
BE
PL
SE
SI
GR
S_D
IE
IT
0
DK
FR
CZ
DE
5
AT
BE
recoverable heat losses heat storage [kWh/(m²a)]
25
S_C_Ext
S_Gas
Supply System Components
Table 36:
TABULA
code
Annual heat loss of the dhw heat storage /
derived default values (simplified common values)
description
energy efficiency
heat loss of the
dhw distribution
thereof recoverable portion
annual heat losses
per m² reference area
contribution to space heating
per m² reference area
qd,w
qd,w,h
[kWh/(m²a)]
[kWh/(m²a)]
poor
medium
high
poor
medium
high
S_D
decentral electric hot water
storage
6,7
3,1
1,3
2,8
1,6
1,6
S_C_Int
central hot water storage,
inside of thermal envelope
31,2
5,8
0,9
24,5
2,8
2,8
S_C_Ext
central hot water storage,
outside of thermal envelope
10,2
4,3
0,9
0,0
0,0
0,0
S_Gas
directly gas heated hot water
storage
18,4
14,2
8,2
0,0
0,0
0,0
52
4.8
TABULA Database Evaluation
WD – Domestic Hot Water Systems / Heat Distribution
Table 37:
D
C
C_NoCirc_Int
C_NoCirc_Ext
NoCirc_A
C_Circ_Int
C_Circ_Ext
Circ_A
Annual heat losses of the dhw distribution /
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
5,0
BE
-
+105%
CZ
1,5
3,3
5,1
1,5
3,3
5,1
DE
1,4
3,0
4,6
1,4
3,0
4,6
DK
-
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
GR
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
IE
-
IT
-
PL
-
SE
-
SI
-
common
1,5
2,4
3,5
1,5
2,4
3,5
deviation
-40%
-
-
-
-
-
2,80
3,85
4,90
2,80
3,85
4,90
-27%
0,8
1,1
1,3
-
-
-
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
2,92
3,92
5,64
3,03
4,31
6,43
13,2
13,2
13,2
8,0
8,0
8,0
-
-
3,88
6,30
9,06
4,00
7,20
10,95
+44%
-44%
+14%
+52%
+19%
+41%
-40%
0%
+41%
+35%
+23%
-100%
-63%
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,8
3,9
4,9
2,8
3,9
4,9
14,0
14,0
14,0
14,0
14,0
14,0
0,5
0,9
1,3
0,8
1,5
2,1
4,4
4,4
4,4
4,4
4,4
4,4
-
4,5
4,5
4,5
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
1,5
2,8
4,1
1,5
2,8
4,1
2,9
7,1
12,2
2,9
6,9
12,2
+240%
-71%
+7%
-100%
-32%
+70%
-
-
-
4,4
8,3
12,7
4,4
8,3
12,7
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
1,8
3,7
6,2
1,8
5,3
10,4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,3
1,6
1,9
-
-
-
1,30
1,60
1,90
7,1
15,8
29,6
7,1
15,8
29,6
13,4
13,4
13,4
9,5
10,7
11,9
-
-
7,7
7,7
7,7
0,0
0,0
0,0
2,4
4,4
6,6
1,5
3,7
6,6
-
2,2
5,5
10,2
2,0
5,1
9,1
4,7
4,7
4,7
4,7
4,7
4,7
0,0
0,0
0,0
15,0
15,0
15,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
3,85
6,40
11,89
4,85
7,08
11,52
+135%
+79%
-21%
-30%
+11%
-85%
-
45,1
45,1
45,1
30,2
34,3
38,4
7,1
15,8
29,6
7,0
17,2
34,0
6,5
14,4
26,9
6,4
15,6
30,9
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
3,0
7,5
13,9
2,8
7,0
12,4
9,8
9,8
9,8
-
-
10,88
17,56
28,35
7,25
12,93
22,49
+61%
-44%
-26%
+74%
+160%
+8%
-2%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,80
1,15
1,50
+30%
+27%
-27%
0%
+27%
0%
+23%
-
-38%
+57%
-40%
-
-62%
0,8
1,2
1,5
+44%
-30%
+10%
+49%
-85%
-33%
1,8
5,0
9,5
1,8
6,6
16,0
-26%
-19%
-40%
+86%
-31%
+11%
+63%
-38%
-53%
-
-
-30%
Supply System Components
Table 38:
D
C
C_NoCirc_Int
C_NoCirc_Ext
NoCirc_A
C_Circ_Int
C_Circ_Ext
Circ_A
Table 39:
D
C
C_NoCirc_Int
C_NoCirc_Ext
NoCirc_A
C_Circ_Int
C_Circ_Ext
Circ_A
Portion of the dhw distribution heat losses which is recoverable during the heating season / differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
3,0
3,0
3,0
3,0
3,0
3,0
BE
-
+90%
CZ
0,9
2,1
3,3
0,9
2,1
3,3
DE
0,8
1,9
3,0
0,8
1,9
3,0
DK
-
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
GR
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
IE
-
IT
-
PL
-
SE
-
SI
-
common
0,9
1,6
2,3
0,9
1,6
2,3
deviation
-41%
-
-
-
-
-
0,30
0,65
1,00
0,30
0,65
1,00
-54%
0,4
0,5
0,6
-
-
-
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
1,44
2,13
3,45
1,64
2,54
4,16
6,8
6,8
6,8
4,2
4,2
4,2
-
-
1,90
3,03
4,50
2,03
3,21
4,78
+33%
+20%
-100%
-43%
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,3
0,7
1,0
0,3
0,7
1,0
6,6
6,6
6,6
6,6
6,6
6,6
0,3
0,6
0,8
0,5
0,9
1,3
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
-
1,1
1,1
1,1
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
1,2
2,3
3,3
1,2
2,3
3,3
2,3
5,7
9,8
2,3
5,5
9,8
+183%
-69%
-14%
-100%
-4%
+140%
-
-
-
1,7
3,8
6,0
1,7
3,8
6,0
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
1,0
1,5
2,9
1,1
1,6
2,9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,6
0,8
1,0
-
-
-
0,60
0,80
1,00
2,7
7,7
15,3
2,7
7,7
15,3
8,1
8,1
8,1
3,8
4,3
4,7
-
-
1,9
1,9
1,9
0,0
0,0
0,0
1,9
3,5
5,3
1,2
2,9
5,3
-
0,4
1,1
2,0
0,4
1,0
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
6,0
6,0
6,0
6,0
6,0
6,0
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
2,76
4,14
6,83
1,86
2,93
5,29
+118%
+75%
-71%
-49%
+70%
-77%
-
27,1
27,1
27,1
12,1
13,8
15,4
2,7
7,7
15,3
3,2
9,4
19,4
2,5
7,0
13,9
2,9
8,5
17,6
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,6
1,5
2,8
0,6
1,4
2,5
7,1
7,1
7,1
-
-
5,75
9,07
15,15
3,38
6,05
10,76
+170%
+13%
+3%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,80
1,00
1,20
+42%
-41%
0%
+42%
+54%
-54%
0%
+54%
0%
+23%
-
-32%
+62%
-36%
+19%
+64%
-79%
-50%
-37%
+48%
-37%
+6%
+49%
+76%
-9%
1,0
2,1
4,7
1,1
2,1
4,7
-
-72%
-25%
+25%
-33%
+65%
-37%
-29%
+81%
-37%
+67%
-44%
-33%
+78%
-81%
0,8
1,0
1,2
-
-
-20%
+20%
Deviations of the distribution heat losses from averages ("common values") per country
AT
+105%
BE
CZ
+35%
+240%
-71%
+7%
+135%
+79%
+160%
+8%
DE
+23%
DK
FR
-100%
+23%
GR
-63%
0%
-32%
-33%
-2%
-40%
-62%
-100%
IE
IT
PL
SE
+70%
SI
-85%
+57%
-21%
-53%
-30%
+11%
-85%
54
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 40:
Annual heat losses of the dhw distribution /
merged and condensed values
heat distribution type
D
decentral DHW system
energy
efficiency
poor
medium
high
consideration in "common"
C_NoCirc_Int
C_NoCirc_Ext
C_Circ_Int
C_Circ_Ext
central DHW distribution, all pipes inside
of thermal envelope, no circulation
poor
medium
high
consideration in "common"
central DHW distribution, fraction of
pipeline outside of thermal envelope, no
circulation
consideration in "common"
poor
medium
high
central DHW distribution with circulation,
all pipes inside of thermal envelope
poor
medium
high
consideration in "common"
central DHW distribution with circulation,
fraction of pipeline outside of thermal
envelope
consideration in "common"
poor
medium
high
AT
5,0
5,0
5,0
1
14,0
14,0
14,0
1
BE
CZ
DE
4,6
3,0
1,4
1
2,1
1,2
0,5
1
5,1
3,3
1,5
1
4,4
4,4
4,4
1
DK
4,5
4,5
4,5
1
12,7
8,3
4,4
1
29,6
15,8
7,1
1
13,4
12,1
9,5
1
45,1
39,7
30,2
1
GR
0,9
0,9
0,9
1
4,1
2,8
1,5
1
10,4
4,5
1,8
1
6,6
4,0
1,5
1
16,0
5,8
1,8
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
7,7
7,7
7,7
1
34,0
16,5
7,0
1
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
30,9
15,0
6,4
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
IE
12,2
7,0
2,9
1
IT
PL
SE
1,3
1,1
0,8
1
10,2
5,3
2,0
1
13,9
7,2
2,8
1
SI
common
4,5
3,1
1,6
n=4
9,7
4,4
2,1
n=8
12,7
7,8
3,3
n=3
20,3
7,3
2,1
n=8
35,0
15,7
5,7
n=6
0,6
0,6
0,6
1
13,2
10,6
8,0
1
4,7
4,7
4,7
1
9,8
9,8
9,8
1
15,0
7,5
0,0
1
1,0
1,0
1,0
1
Remarks
Determination of common values
all systems FR: not considered / 0 kWh/(m²a) is not plausible
Table 41:
Portion of the dhw distribution heat losses which is recoverable during the heating season / merged and condensed values
heat distribution type
D
C_NoCirc_Int
C_NoCirc_Ext
C_Circ_Int
C_Circ_Ext
decentral DHW system
consideration in "common"
central DHW distribution, all pipes
inside of thermal envelope, no circulation
consideration in "common"
central DHW distribution, fraction of
pipeline outside of thermal envelope,
no circulation
consideration in "common"
central DHW distribution with circulation, all pipes inside of thermal envelope
consideration in "common"
central DHW distribution with circulation, fraction of pipeline outside of
thermal envelope
consideration in "common"
Remarks
Determination of common values
all systems FR: not considered / 0 kWh/(m²a) is not plausible
energy
efficiency
poor
medium
high
poor
medium
high
AT
3,0
3,0
3,0
1
6,6
6,6
6,6
1
BE
CZ
DE
3,0
1,9
0,8
1
1,3
0,7
0,3
1
3,3
2,1
0,9
1
2,0
2,0
2,0
1
poor
medium
high
poor
medium
high
poor
medium
high
DK
1,1
1,1
1,1
1
6,0
3,8
1,7
1
15,3
7,7
2,7
1
8,1
6,2
3,8
1
27,1
20,4
12,1
1
17,6
7,8
2,5
1
GR
0,9
0,9
0,9
1
3,3
2,3
1,2
1
2,9
1,6
1,0
1
5,3
3,2
1,2
1
4,7
2,1
1,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
1,9
1,9
1,9
1
19,4
8,6
2,7
1
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
IE
9,8
5,6
2,3
1
IT
PL
SE
0,6
0,5
0,4
1
2,0
1,0
0,4
1
2,8
1,5
0,6
1
SI
0,5
0,5
0,5
1
6,8
5,5
4,2
1
1,8
1,8
1,8
1
7,1
7,1
7,1
1
6,0
6,0
6,0
1
0,8
0,8
0,8
1
common
2,9
2,0
1,1
n=4
6,5
2,4
1,1
n=8
6,0
3,6
1,7
n=3
10,2
3,6
1,4
n=8
20,1
7,9
2,5
n=6
Supply System Components
Figure 21:
Annual distribution heat losses of DHW systems + recoverable fraction
<D> decentral DHW system; <C_NoCirc_Int> central DHW distribution, all pipes inside of thermal envelope, no circulation;
<C_NoCirc_ext> central DHW distribution, fraction of pipeline outside of thermal envelope, no circulation; <C_Circ_Int> central DHW distribution with circulation, all pipes inside of thermal envelope; <C_Circ_Ext> central DHW distribution with circulation, fraction of pipeline outside of thermal envelope
50
q_d_w
WD
BE
40
35
30
25
AT
CZ
DE
20
AT
C_NoCirc_Ext
IT
SE
SI
GR
C_Circ_Int
IE
AT
DK
FR
IT
PL
SI
FR
CZ
DE
SE
SI
IE
IT
DK
FR
AT
BE
CZ
IT
PL
SE
SI
C_NoCirc_Int
IE
GR
GR
DK
GR
FR
BE
D
DE
CZ
AT
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
0
BE
5
SE
DK
DE
10
PL
PL
BE
15
IE
annual heat losses heat distribution [kWh/(m²a)]
45
C_Circ_Ext
50
q_d_w_h
WD
45
35
30
BE
25
20
D
C_NoCirc_Int
C_Circ_Int
PL
C_Circ_Ext
SE
SI
IT
IE
GR
DK
FR
AT
SI
IE
IT
PL
DK
FR
CZ
DE
GR
SE
AT
BE
PL
C_NoCirc_Ext
SE
SI
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
AT
BE
CZ
DE
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
0
AT
5
CZ
DE
AT
10
CZ
DE
15
BE
annual heat losses heat storage [kWh/(m²a)]
40
56
Table 42:
TABULA
code
TABULA Database Evaluation
Annual heat losses of the dhw distribution /
derived default values (simplified common values)
description
energy efficiency
D
decentral DHW system
C_NoCirc_Int
central DHW distribution, all
pipes inside of thermal envelope, no circulation
C_NoCirc_Ext central DHW distribution, fraction of pipeline outside of thermal envelope, no circulation
heat loss of the
dhw distribution
thereof recoverable portion
annual heat losses
per m² reference area
contribution to space heating
per m² reference area
qd,w
qd,w,h
[kWh/(m²a)]
[kWh/(m²a)]
poor
medium
high
poor
medium
high
4,5
3,1
1,6
2,0
1,1
1,1
9,7
4,4
2,1
2,4
1,1
1,1
12,7
7,8
3,3
3,6
1,7
1,7
C_Circ_Int
central DHW distribution with
circulation, all pipes inside of
thermal envelope
20,3
7,3
2,1
3,6
1,4
1,4
C_Circ_Ext
central DHW distribution with
circulation, fraction of pipeline
outside of thermal envelope
35,0
15,7
5,7
7,9
2,5
2,5
Supply System Components
4.9
WA – DHW Systems / Auxiliary Energy
Table 43:
D
C_NoCirc
C_Circ
C_NoCirc_Sol
C_Circ_Sol
Table 44:
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of DHW systems
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
BE
-
CZ
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
DE
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
DK
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
FR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
GR
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
IE
-
IT
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
PL
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
SE
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
SI
-
common
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
deviation
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,0
1,5
3,1
0,0
1,5
3,1
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,2
0,2
0,2
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,1
0,3
0,4
0,1
0,3
0,4
-
-
0,6
0,6
0,6
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
0,2
0,4
0,8
0,1
0,4
1,1
-54%
-49%
+273%
+1%
-24%
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
-
1,6
1,6
1,6
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,4
1,4
1,4
0,8
0,8
0,8
-
3,2
4,1
4,6
2,0
2,4
2,8
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
0,7
1,1
1,4
1,7
1,7
1,7
1,7
1,7
1,7
1,3
1,6
2,1
0,9
1,1
1,4
+2%
-20%
-
-34%
-100%
-37%
-
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,2
0,4
0,6
1,2
1,2
1,2
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,8
0,9
0,9
0,8
0,9
0,9
0,0
0,0
0,0
-
-71%
1,3
1,3
1,3
1,3
1,3
1,3
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
+16%
+123%
-20%
-24%
-
4,7
4,7
4,7
4,7
4,7
4,7
2,5
2,5
2,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
2,2
2,2
2,2
1,3
1,3
1,3
-
+94%
-17%
-28%
0,5
0,9
1,2
0,5
0,9
1,2
+138%
+2%
-
-
-
0,4
0,5
0,5
-
-
0,8
1,0
1,3
1,0
1,2
1,5
-
4,1
4,5
4,9
2,2
2,4
2,5
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,4
1,6
2,0
2,3
-
2,3
2,8
3,2
1,8
2,1
2,5
+42%
-42%
+122%
-69%
+14%
+151%
-19%
+28%
-19%
-33%
+24%
+24%
-18%
+24%
-15%
+19%
+23%
-24%
-
0,7
1,3
1,9
0,7
1,3
1,9
-46%
-16%
+16%
-15%
-25%
+23%
Deviations from averages ("common values") per country
AT
BE
CZ
DE
-49%
+273%
+1%
-24%
+2%
-20%
DK
FR
GR
-100%
-37%
IE
IT
PL
+138%
+2%
+42%
-42%
SE
SI
D
C_NoCirc
C_Circ
C_NoCirc_Sol
C_Circ_Sol
-34%
+16%
+123%
+94%
-20%
-17%
-28%
-71%
-24%
-24%
-46%
+24%
58
Table 45:
dhw system type
D
C_NoCirc
C_Circ
C_NoCirc_Sol
C_Circ_Sol
TABULA Database Evaluation
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of DHW systems /
merged and condensed values
energy
efficiency
poor
decentral DHW system
medium
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central DHW system,
medium
no circulation
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central DHW system
medium
with circulation
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central DHW system
with solar thermal
medium
system, no circulation
high
consideration in "common"
poor
central DHW system
with solar thermal
medium
system and circulation
high
consideration in "common"
AT
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,2
0,2
0,2
1
0,9
0,9
0,9
1
1,3
1,3
1,3
1
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,4
0,3
0,2
1
1,4
1,1
0,8
1
1,2
0,9
0,6
1
2,2
1,8
1,3
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
3,1
1,5
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,4
0,4
0,4
1
1,6
1,4
1,2
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,4
0,3
0,1
1
0,6
0,4
0,2
1
1,2
0,9
0,5
1
1,9
1,3
0,7
1
2,5
2,5
2,5
1
4,7
4,7
4,7
1
2,5
2,0
1,5
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,9
0,9
0,8
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
IE
IT
PL
SE
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
4,6
3,3
2,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,6
0,6
0,6
1
1,4
1,4
1,4
1
4,9
3,4
2,2
1
1,4
1,4
1,4
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
1,4
1,1
0,7
1
0,5
0,5
0,4
1
2,3
2,0
1,6
1
SI
0,0
0,0
0,0
1
1,7
1,7
1,7
1
common
0,0
0,0
0,0
n=8
1,9
0,4
0,1
n=8
3,2
1,4
0,7
n=8
1,9
1,1
0,7
n=6
3,9
2,4
1,3
n=7
Supply System Components
Figure 22:
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of DHW systems /
<D> decentral DHW system; <C_NoCirc> central DHW system, no circulation; <C_Circ> central DHW system with circulation;
<C_NoCirc_Sol> central DHW system with solar thermal system, no circulation; <C_Circ_Sol> central DHW system with solar
thermal system and circulation
6
q_del_w_aux
WA
BE
IT
IT
4
Table 46:
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of DHW systems /
derived default values (simplified common values)
TABULA code
description
SI
IE
DK
FR
AT
SE
C_NoCirc_Sol
SI
IE
IT
PL
FR
CZ
GR
IE
DK
FR
C_Circ
PL
GR
DE
DK
SE
AT
PL
CZ
DE
AT
C_NoCirc
BE
SE
SI
GR
IE
IT
DK
FR
0
CZ
DE
AT
PL
1
GR
SI
DE
2
SE
CZ
BE
3
BE
annual auxiliary energy demand [kWh/(m²a)]
5
C_Circ_Sol
auxiliary energy demand (electricity)
of dhw systems
annual values in kWh per m² reference area for heat generation (blower, control), storage (pump), distribution (pump), as
far as available
qdel,w,aux
[kWh/(m²a)]
energy efficiency
D
decentral DHW system
C_NoCirc
central DHW system, no circulation
C_Circ
central DHW system with circulation
C_NoCirc_Sol
C_Circ_Sol
poor
medium
high
0,0
0,0
0,0
1,9
0,4
0,1
3,2
1,4
0,7
central DHW system with solar thermal system, no
circulation
1,9
1,1
0,7
central DHW system with solar thermal system and
circulation
3,9
2,4
1,3
60
TABULA Database Evaluation
4.10 Vent – Ventilation Systems
Table 47:
Exh
Bal
Bal_Rec
Bal_GroundRec
Table 48:
Exh
Bal
Bal_Rec
Bal_GroundRec
Fraction of ventilation heat losses recovered by ventilation systems
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
BE
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
CZ
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
DE
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
DK
0,0
0,0
0,0
FR
-
GR
-
IE
-
IT
-
PL
-
-100%
-100%
-100%
-100%
-
-
-
-
-
0,0
0,2
0,9
0,0
0,2
0,9
-
-
-
-
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,6
0,8
1,0
0,6
0,8
0,9
-
-
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
-
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
0,6
-4%
-
+10%
-17%
-4%
+5%
-
-
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
0,9
-
-
-
SE
0,7
0,7
0,7
0,7
0,7
0,7
SI
-
common
0,1
0,1
0,2
0,1
0,1
0,2
deviation
-17%
-
0,23
0,46
0,83
0,23
0,46
0,83
-50%
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,67
0,73
0,79
0,67
0,73
0,78
+67%
-14%
-17%
+71%
+445%
0,7
0,7
0,7
0,7
0,7
0,7
-51%
+80%
-50%
0%
+80%
+51%
+24%
-
-
-24%
-
-8%
+9%
-8%
-0%
+8%
+10%
-
-
-
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0,90
0%
SI
-
common
1,3
1,3
1,4
2,2
2,4
3,1
deviation
-3%
-
1,54
2,19
3,16
1,54
2,19
3,16
-30%
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,16
2,43
2,85
2,33
2,71
3,52
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of ventilation systems
differentiated by country and by building size class
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
min
SUH
average
max
min
MUH
average
max
deviation from
"common"
AT
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
BE
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
CZ
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
DE
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
1,1
DK
7,6
7,6
7,6
FR
-
GR
-
IE
-
IT
-
PL
-
-40%
-34%
-40%
-40%
-
-
-
-
-
1,3
2,4
3,7
1,3
2,4
3,7
-
-
-
-
1,7
2,2
2,6
1,7
2,2
2,6
2,7
2,7
2,7
2,7
2,7
2,7
2,1
2,1
2,1
2,1
2,1
2,1
1,7
2,2
2,6
1,7
2,2
2,6
3,0
3,8
4,6
4,6
6,1
7,6
-
-
2,8
2,8
2,8
2,8
2,8
2,8
-
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,8
-16%
-
+5%
-18%
-16%
+93%
-
-
2,6
2,6
2,6
2,6
2,6
2,6
-
-
-
+9%
-8%
+81%
+32%
+10%
+9%
0%
SE
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
+44%
-30%
0%
+44%
-9%
+7%
-
-
-32%
-
-
-11%
+17%
-14%
+12%
+30%
-22%
-
-
2,60
2,60
2,60
2,60
2,60
2,60
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
Supply System Components
Table 49:
Deviations from averages ("common values") per country – recovered heat loss fraction
Exh
AT
BE
CZ
DE
-100%
-100%
-100%
-100%
DK
FR
IT
PL
-51%
Bal_Rec
-4%
+10%
-17%
-4%
Bal_GroundRec
Table 50:
SE
+51%
+5%
+24%
-24%
+10%
0%
AT
BE
CZ
DE
-40%
-34%
-40%
-40%
-16%
+5%
-18%
-16%
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
+9%
Bal_Rec
Bal_GroundRec
Table 51:
-9%
+93%
+7%
-32%
-22%
0%
Fraction of ventilation heat losses recovered by ventilation systems /
merged and condensed values
ventilation system type
exhaust air system
energy
efficiency
poor
medium
high
consideration in "common"
balanced ventilation system
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
0,00
0,00
0,00
1
poor
medium
high
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
0,70
0,70
0,70
0,00
0,23
0,90
0,70
0,70
0,70
consideration in "common"
Bal_GroundRec
SI
+10%
Bal
Bal_Rec
SI
Deviations from averages ("common values") per country – auxiliary energy demand
Exh
Bal
IE
+445%
Bal
Exh
GR
balanced ventilation system
with heat recovery
poor
medium
high
consideration in "common"
balanced ventilation system,
preheated by ground heat
exchanger + heat recovery
consideration in "common"
poor
medium
high
0,60
0,70
0,80
1
Remarks
Determination of common values
Exh + Bal:
FR + SE: not considered since values > 0 are not plausible
0,80
0,80
0,80
1
0,60
0,60
0,60
1
0,60
0,70
0,80
1
0,90
0,90
0,90
1
0,60
0,76
0,90
1
0,90
0,90
0,90
1
0,55
0,55
0,55
1
0,80
0,80
0,80
1
common
0,00
0,00
0,00
n=5
0,00
0,00
0,00
n=0
0,62
0,73
0,83
n=8
0,90
0,90
0,90
n=1
62
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 52:
Annual auxiliary electricity demand of ventilation systems /
merged and condensed values
ventilation system type
Exh
exhaust air system
energy
efficiency
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
poor
1,1
1,2
1,1
1,1
7,6
2,0
1,7
medium
1,1
1,2
1,1
1,1
7,6
2,0
1,3
high
1,1
1,2
1,1
1,1
7,6
2,0
1,2
1
1
1
1
1
n=5
consideration in "common"
Bal
balanced ventilation system
Bal_Rec
Bal_GroundRec
consideration in "common"
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
3,7
2,0
3,3
medium
2,4
2,0
2,2
high
1,3
2,0
1,5
1
1
n=2
poor
2,6
2,7
2,1
2,6
7,6
2,8
1,8
2,0
5,3
medium
2,2
2,7
2,1
2,2
4,9
2,8
1,8
2,0
2,6
high
1,7
2,7
2,1
1,7
3,0
2,8
1,8
2,0
2,0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
n=8
consideration in "common"
balanced ventilation system,
preheated by ground heat
exchanger + heat recovery
GR
poor
consideration in "common"
balanced ventilation system
with heat recovery
FR
poor
2,6
2,6
medium
2,6
2,6
high
2,6
2,6
1
n=1
Remarks
Determination of common values
Exh
DK: not considered (not plausible: values larger than / equal to balanced ventilation with heat recovery)
Supply System Components
Figure 23:
Recovered fraction of ventilation heat losses + annual auxiliary energy demand
of ventilation systems
<Exh> exhaust air system; <Bal> balanced ventilation system; <Bal_Rec> balanced ventilation system with heat recovery;
<Bal_GroundRec> balanced ventilation system, preheated by ground heat exchanger + heat recovery
100%
IE
DE
CZ
AT
70%
SE
SE
DK
80%
Vent
SI
BE
90%
PL
60%
50%
40%
30%
FR
recovered fraction of ventilation heat losses
DE
eta_ve_rec
20%
Exh
Bal
Bal_Rec
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
AT
BE
CZ
SE
IT
FR
GR
SI
GR
IE
IT
PL
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
SI
0%
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
10%
Bal_GroundRec
10
q_del_ve_aux
Vent
9
DK
7
DK
6
5
DE
SI
AT
CZ
DE
PL
2
SE
SE
FR
BE
3
IE
4
AT
BE
CZ
DE
Exh
Bal
Bal_Rec
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
AT
BE
CZ
SE
IT
FR
GR
SI
GR
IE
IT
PL
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
0
SI
1
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
annual auxiliary energy demand [kWh/(m²a)]
8
Bal_GroundRec
64
TABULA Database Evaluation
Table 53:
Performance of ventilation systems /
derived default values (simplified common values)
TABULA code
description
energy efficiency
Exh
exhaust air system
Bal
balanced ventilation system
Bal_Rec
Bal_GroundRec
heat recovery
by ventilation systems
auxiliary energy demand
(electricity) of ventilation systems
overall performance ratio of heat recovery by the heat exchanger
annual values in kWh
per m² reference area
ve,rec
qdel,ve,aux
[-]
[kWh/(m²a)]
poor
medium
high
poor
medium
high
0,00
0,00
0,00
1,7
1,3
1,2
0,00
0,00
0,00
3,3
2,2
1,5
balanced ventilation system
with heat recovery
0,62
0,73
0,83
5,3
2,6
2,0
balanced ventilation system,
preheated by ground heat
exchanger + heat recovery
0,90
0,90
0,90
2,6
2,6
2,6
Supply System Components
4.11 EC – Assessment Factors of Energy Carriers
Comment by IWU: There is only very few input in TABULA.xls for energy carrier assessment (despite several
attempts from our side). In order to enable a publication of this evaluation we urgently need the input
from all partners!
All TABULA partners (except from NOA and POLITO): Please fill in the sheet "Tab.System.EC" in
TABULA.xls and send the table to IWU as soon as possible (preferably only a copy of this table in a new
workbook).
Table 54:
Gas
(natural gas)
Gas_E
(natural gas E)
Gas_LL
(natural gas LL)
Gas_Liquid
(liquid gas)
Oil
(heating oil)
Coal
(coal)
Coal_Hard
(hard coal)
Coal_Lignite
(lignite coal)
Bio
(biomass)
Bio_FW
(firewood)
Bio_WP
(wood pellets)
Bio_WC
(wood chips)
Bio_Other
(other biomass)
El
(electricity)
El_OP
(off-peak electricity)
Assessment Factors by Energy Carrier and Country
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
AT
-
BE
-
CZ
-
DE
1,10
1,10
250
0,06
1,10
1,10
250
0,06
1,10
1,10
270
0,06
1,10
1,10
270
0,06
1,10
1,10
310
0,06
1,10
1,10
440
0,06
1,10
1,10
440
0,06
1,20
1,20
450
0,06
1,20
0,20
40
0,05
1,20
0,20
40
0,05
1,20
0,20
40
0,05
1,20
0,20
40
0,05
1,20
0,20
40
0,05
3,00
2,60
680
0,20
3,00
2,60
680
0,15
DK
-
FR
-
GR
1,05
1,05
177
0,03
1,10
1,10
249
0,10
1,00
1,00
0,05
2,90
989
0,14
-
IE
-
IT
1,00
1,00
226
0,08
1,00
1,00
277
0,13
1,00
0,00
0
0,04
1,00
0,00
0
0,05
2,17
2,17
470
0,17
-
PL
-
SE
-
SI
-
common
1,05
1,05
218
0,05
1,10
1,10
250
0,06
1,10
1,10
270
0,06
1,10
1,10
270
0,06
1,07
1,07
279
0,10
1,10
1,10
440
0,06
1,10
1,10
440
0,06
1,20
1,20
450
0,06
1,10
0,60
40
0,05
1,10
0,10
20
0,04
1,10
0,10
20
0,05
1,20
0,20
40
0,05
1,20
0,20
40
0,05
2,69
2,39
713
0,17
3,00
2,60
680
0,15
66
El_Prod
(electricity production)
DH
(district heating)
DH_Gas_NoCHP
(district heating gas
without chp)
DH_Gas_CHP33
(district heating gas with
33% chp)
DH_Gas_CHP67
(district heating gas with
67% chp)
DH_Gas_CHP100
(district heating gas with
100% chp)
DH_Oil_NoCHP
(district heating oil without
chp)
DH_Oil_CHP33
(district heating oil with
33% chp)
DH_Oil_CHP67
(district heating oil with
67% chp)
DH_Oil_CHP100
(district heating oil with
100% chp)
DH_Coal_NoCHP
(district heating coal
without chp)
DH_Coal_CHP33
(district heating coal with
33% chp)
DH_Coal_CHP67
(district heating coal with
67% chp)
DH_Coal_CHP100
(district heating coal with
100% chp)
DH_Bio_NoCHP
(district heating biomass
without chp)
DH_Bio_CHP33
(district heating biomass
with 33% chp)
DH_Bio_CHP67
(district heating biomass
with 67% chp)
DH_Bio_CHP100
(district heating biomass
with 100% chp)
Other
(other )
TABULA Database Evaluation
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
f_p_Total
f_p_NonRen
f_CO2
price
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
[-]
[-]
[g/kWh]
[€/kWh]
AT
-
BE
-
CZ
-
DE
3,00
2,60
680
0,20
1,30
1,30
420
0,08
1,30
1,30
300
0,08
1,10
1,10
250
0,08
0,90
0,90
200
0,08
0,70
0,70
150
0,08
1,30
1,30
420
0,08
1,10
1,10
350
0,08
0,90
0,90
280
0,08
0,70
0,70
210
0,08
1,30
1,30
420
0,08
1,10
1,10
350
0,08
0,90
0,90
280
0,08
0,70
0,70
210
0,08
0,30
0,10
60
0,08
0,20
0,00
40
0,08
0,10
0,00
20
0,08
0,00
0,00
0
0,08
0,00
0,00
0
0,00
DK
-
FR
-
GR
2,90
989
0,14
0,70
0,70
347
0,04
1,10
1,10
249
0,10
IE
-
IT
1,00
1,00
420
0,09
-
PL
-
SE
-
SI
-
common
2,95
2,60
835
0,17
1,15
1,15
420
0,09
1,30
1,30
300
0,08
1,10
1,10
250
0,08
0,90
0,90
200
0,08
0,70
0,70
150
0,08
1,30
1,30
420
0,08
1,10
1,10
350
0,08
0,90
0,90
280
0,08
0,70
0,70
210
0,08
1,00
1,00
384
0,06
1,10
1,10
350
0,08
0,90
0,90
280
0,08
0,70
0,70
210
0,08
0,30
0,10
60
0,08
0,20
0,00
40
0,08
0,10
0,00
20
0,08
0,00
0,00
0
0,08
0,55
0,55
125
0,05
Supply System Components
Table 55:
Total primary energy factors by energy carrier and country
f_p_Total [ - ]
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
Gas
natural gas
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
1,05
-
1,00
-
-
-
1,05
Gas_E
natural gas E
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Gas_LL
natural gas LL
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Gas_Liquid
liquid gas
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Oil
heating oil
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
1,10
-
1,00
-
-
-
1,07
Coal
coal
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Coal_Hard
hard coal
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Coal_Lignite
lignite coal
-
-
-
1,20
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,20
Bio
biomass
-
-
-
1,20
-
-
1,00
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Bio_FW
firewood
-
-
-
1,20
-
-
-
-
1,00
-
-
-
1,10
Bio_WP
wood pellets
-
-
-
1,20
-
-
-
-
1,00
-
-
-
1,10
Bio_WC
wood chips
-
-
-
1,20
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,20
Bio_Other
other biomass
-
-
-
1,20
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,20
El
electricity
-
-
-
3,00
-
-
2,90
-
2,17
-
-
-
2,69
El_OP
off-peak electricity
-
-
-
3,00
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3,00
El_Prod
electricity production
-
-
-
3,00
-
-
2,90
-
-
-
-
-
2,95
DH
district heating
-
-
-
1,30
-
-
-
-
1,00
-
-
-
1,15
DH_Gas_NoCHP
district heating gas
without chp
-
-
-
1,30
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,30
DH_Gas_CHP33
district heating gas
with 33% chp
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
DH_Gas_CHP67
district heating gas
with 67% chp
-
-
-
0,90
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,90
DH_Gas_CHP100
district heating gas
with 100% chp
-
-
-
0,70
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,70
DH_Oil_NoCHP
district heating oil
without chp
-
-
-
1,30
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,30
68
Table 56:
TABULA Database Evaluation
Non-renewable primary energy factors by energy carrier and country
f_p_NonRen [ - ]
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
Gas
natural gas
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
1,05
-
1,00
-
-
-
1,05
Gas_E
natural gas E
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Gas_LL
natural gas LL
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Gas_Liquid
liquid gas
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Oil
heating oil
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
1,10
-
1,00
-
-
-
1,07
Coal
coal
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Coal_Hard
hard coal
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
Coal_Lignite
lignite coal
-
-
-
1,20
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,20
Bio
biomass
-
-
-
0,20
-
-
1,00
-
-
-
-
-
0,60
Bio_FW
firewood
-
-
-
0,20
-
-
-
-
0,00
-
-
-
0,10
Bio_WP
wood pellets
-
-
-
0,20
-
-
-
-
0,00
-
-
-
0,10
Bio_WC
wood chips
-
-
-
0,20
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,20
Bio_Other
other biomass
-
-
-
0,20
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,20
El
electricity
-
-
-
2,60
-
-
-
-
2,17
-
-
-
2,39
El_OP
off-peak electricity
-
-
-
2,60
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,60
El_Prod
electricity production
-
-
-
2,60
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,60
DH
district heating
-
-
-
1,30
-
-
-
-
1,00
-
-
-
1,15
DH_Gas_NoCHP
district heating gas
without chp
-
-
-
1,30
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,30
DH_Gas_CHP33
district heating gas
with 33% chp
-
-
-
1,10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,10
DH_Gas_CHP67
district heating gas
with 67% chp
-
-
-
0,90
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,90
DH_Gas_CHP100
district heating gas
with 100% chp
-
-
-
0,70
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,70
DH_Oil_NoCHP
district heating oil
without chp
-
-
-
1,30
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,30
Supply System Components
Table 57:
Carbon dioxide emission factors by energy carrier and country
f_CO2 [g/kWh]
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
Gas
natural gas
-
-
-
250
-
-
177
-
226
-
-
-
218
Gas_E
natural gas E
-
-
-
250
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
250
Gas_LL
natural gas LL
-
-
-
270
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
270
Gas_Liquid
liquid gas
-
-
-
270
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
270
Oil
heating oil
-
-
-
310
-
-
249
-
277
-
-
-
279
Coal
coal
-
-
-
440
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
440
Coal_Hard
hard coal
-
-
-
440
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
440
Coal_Lignite
lignite coal
-
-
-
450
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
450
Bio
biomass
-
-
-
40
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
40
Bio_FW
firewood
-
-
-
40
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
20
Bio_WP
wood pellets
-
-
-
40
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
20
Bio_WC
wood chips
-
-
-
40
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
40
Bio_Other
other biomass
-
-
-
40
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
40
El
electricity
-
-
-
680
-
-
989
-
470
-
-
-
713
El_OP
off-peak electricity
-
-
-
680
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
680
El_Prod
electricity production
-
-
-
680
-
-
989
-
-
-
-
-
835
DH
district heating
-
-
-
420
-
-
-
-
420
-
-
-
420
DH_Gas_NoCHP
district heating gas
without chp
-
-
-
300
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
300
DH_Gas_CHP33
district heating gas with
33% chp
-
-
-
250
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
250
DH_Gas_CHP67
district heating gas with
67% chp
-
-
-
200
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
200
DH_Gas_CHP100
district heating gas with
100% chp
-
-
-
150
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
150
DH_Oil_NoCHP
district heating oil
without chp
-
-
-
420
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
420
70
Table 58:
TABULA Database Evaluation
Prices by energy carrier and country
price [€/kWh]
AT
BE
CZ
DE
DK
FR
GR
IE
IT
PL
SE
SI
common
Gas
natural gas
-
-
-
0,06
-
-
0,03
-
0,08
-
-
-
0,05
Gas_E
natural gas E
-
-
-
0,06
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,06
Gas_LL
natural gas LL
-
-
-
0,06
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,06
Gas_Liquid
liquid gas
-
-
-
0,06
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,06
Oil
heating oil
-
-
-
0,06
-
-
0,10
-
0,13
-
-
-
0,10
Coal
coal
-
-
-
0,06
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,06
Coal_Hard
hard coal
-
-
-
0,06
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,06
Coal_Lignite
lignite coal
-
-
-
0,06
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,06
Bio
biomass
-
-
-
0,05
-
-
0,05
-
-
-
-
-
0,05
Bio_FW
firewood
-
-
-
0,05
-
-
-
-
0,04
-
-
-
0,04
Bio_WP
wood pellets
-
-
-
0,05
-
-
-
-
0,05
-
-
-
0,05
Bio_WC
wood chips
-
-
-
0,05
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,05
Bio_Other
other biomass
-
-
-
0,05
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,05
El
electricity
-
-
-
0,20
-
-
0,14
-
0,17
-
-
-
0,17
El_OP
off-peak electricity
-
-
-
0,15
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,15
El_Prod
electricity production
-
-
-
0,20
-
-
0,14
-
-
-
-
-
0,17
DH
district heating
-
-
-
0,08
-
-
-
-
0,09
-
-
-
0,09
DH_Gas_NoCHP
district heating gas
without chp
-
-
-
0,08
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,08
DH_Gas_CHP33
district heating gas
with 33% chp
-
-
-
0,08
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,08
DH_Gas_CHP67
district heating gas
with 67% chp
-
-
-
0,08
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,08
DH_Gas_CHP100
district heating gas
with 100% chp
-
-
-
0,08
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,08
DH_Oil_NoCHP
district heating oil
without chp
-
-
-
0,08
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,08
Table 59:
Assessment factors by energy carrier /
derived default values (simplified common values)
not yet determined! see comment at the beginning of the chapter
Résumé
5 Résumé
The evaluation of the TABULA database provided a number of important insights and findings and will be
the basis for a further development in different directions:
 Feedback of data input
The comparison with other countries gives indications of unclear definitions or data input errors. This
may prompt TABULA partners to check and maybe revise their input or to provide supplemental data.
 Means for introducing and improving the quality assurance
The analysis of the variation of the quantities enables the definition and assignment of plausibility limits. These can in the future be used for an introduction of quality assurance procedures which enable
an immediate control of plausibility in the phase of data entering.
These QA mechanisms can of course also serve for plausibility controls on national level (e.g. during
EPC issuing).
 Selection of measures for Refurbishment Packages 1 and 2:
The rules for the definition of refurbishment packages on the two levels are until now rather vague
(RP1 / Standard: "commonly realised during renovation"; RP2 / Advanced: "usually only realised in very
ambitious renovations or research projects"). However, a cross-country comparison and discussion of
energy upgrade quality is a very important task for the future. During the further development of the
approach a justification for the fixing of these standards should be provided by each partner.
 Utilisation of the averages / default values for simplified assessment of building portfolios and
stocks:
The analyses of the TABULA database delivered a number of average or default values for envelope and
supply system components as well as dependencies of the thermal envelope area on certain basic parameters. Apart from quality assurance procedures these findings also offer the possibility of a simplified assessment of housing portfolios and stocks. The data acquisition would be reduced to the following intake quantities:
 thermal envelope area: living space, number of storeys, number of attached neighbour buildings,
utilisation state of attic and cellar;
 U-values: construction year (class), structure type, type of windows, later applied insulation
measures (insulation thickness and renovated area fraction)
 supply system: type of energy carrier, heat generator, storage, distribution (for space heating and
dhw).
Starting from these data energy balance calculations can be performed that deliver a rough estimate
of the energy quality of the housing portfolio or stock and (in case that the typical relation of measured and calculated consumption is known) also an estimation value of the energy consumption by
energy carrier. Vice versa, if the measured consumption is known for a specific building the above
mentioned intake quantities enable an allocation of the actual heat losses and an estimation of the
possible energy savings by distinct measures (recommendations for operational rating).
72
TABULA Database Evaluation
Appendix A – Thermal Envelope Area Analysis Report
Appendix A – Thermal Envelope Area Analysis Report