THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
MINISTRY OF WATER
Water Sector Development Programme
THE WATER SECTOR STATUS REPORT
2014
Marking the End of WSDP phase-I
OCTOBER 2014
i
Table of Contents
1.1
2
3
THE POLICY AND REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................1
1.1.1
Sector Direction Guided by the National Water Policy 2002 .....................................1
1.1.2
Sector Regulation .....................................................................................................1
1.2
THE 1ST SEVEN YEARS OF WSDP ......................................................................................3
1.3
STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT ............................................................................................5
SECTOR FINANCING ..........................................................................................................5
2.1
ORIGINAL COMMITMENTS, REVISED COMMITMENTS AND DISBURSEMENTS ...........................5
2.2
FUND RELEASE TO IAS AND EXPENDITURES .......................................................................6
2.3
2013/2014 BUDGET PERFORMANCE..................................................................................7
SECTOR PERFORMANCE ..................................................................................................7
3.1
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT .........................................................................7
3.1.1
Status of Water Resources in the Country ................................................................8
3.1.2
Transboundary Water Resources Management .....................................................11
3.1.3
Water Quality, Water Sources Conservation and Pollution Control .........................11
3.1.4
Formation and Strengthening of WRM Institutions .................................................12
3.1.5
Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Plans .......................13
3.1.6
Priority Water Resources Infrastructures ................................................................13
3.2
RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION ...............................................................14
3.2.1
Water Points and Beneficiaries ..............................................................................14
3.2.2
Outputs that Contributed to the Presented Outcomes ............................................17
3.2.3
Status on Registration of COWSOs........................................................................17
3.2.4
Sustainability of Rural Water Supply Services ........................................................18
3.2.5
Outputs and Outcomes of the National Sanitation Campaign .................................18
3.3
URBAN WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION ..............................................................19
3.3.1
Household Connections, Kiosks and Beneficiaries in Dar es Salaam .....................19
3.3.2
Household Connections, Kiosks and Beneficiaries in Urban Centers .....................20
3.3.3
Household Connections, Kiosks and Beneficiaries in Small Towns and National
Projects..............................................................................................................................20
3.3.4
Sewerage Services and Point Source Sanitation in Urban Areas ...........................20
3.3.5
Outputs and Outcomes in Cumulative Figures Featuring WSDP I Achievements ...21
3.3.6
Sustainability and Operational Efficiency ................................................................23
i
3.4
4
5
INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING AND CAPACITY BUILDING ...............................24
3.4.1
Staffing plan and performance ...............................................................................24
3.4.2
Human Resources Development ............................................................................25
3.4.3
Working Tools and Equipment ...............................................................................26
3.4.4
Office Accommodation ...........................................................................................26
3.4.5
Monitoring and Evaluation ......................................................................................26
3.4.6
Procurement Arrangement and Performance .........................................................29
3.4.7
Safeguards Arrangements and Compliance ...........................................................30
STATUS ON IMPLEMENTATION OF 8TH JWSR UNDERTAKINGS ..................................32
4.1
STATUS ON WRM UNDERTAKINGS ..................................................................................32
4.2
STATUS ON RWSS UNDERTAKINGS.................................................................................32
4.3
STATUS ON UWSS UNDERTAKINGS.................................................................................33
4.4
STATUS ON ISCB UNDERTAKINGS ...................................................................................33
KEY ISSUES AND LESSONS ............................................................................................33
5.1
W ATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT.................................................................................33
5.2
RURAL W ATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION .........................................................................34
5.3
URBAN W ATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION .........................................................................34
5.4
SANITATION AND HYGIENE ..............................................................................................34
5.5
PROGRAMME DELIVERY SUPPORT ...................................................................................34
ii
List of Figures
Figure 1: Rainfall Status in Lake Nyasa Basin ................................................................................... 9
Figure 2: Rainfall Trends in Rufiji Basin.............................................................................................. 9
Figure 3: Water Levels at Nyumba ya Mungu Dam......................................................................... 10
Figure 4: Water Level Trends in Lake Tanganyika .......................................................................... 10
Figure 5: C2 Programme Targeting During WSDP I (Water Points) .............................................. 14
Figure 6: Programme Targeting During WSDP I (Beneficiaries) .................................................... 15
Figure 7: Planned Vs Achieved Water Points .................................................................................. 15
Figure 8: Cumulative Trend of Constructed Water Points Each Year............................................ 16
Figure 9: Baseline, Planned, Achieved and Cumulative Figures (Water Points) .......................... 16
Figure 10: Baseline, Planned, Achieved and Cumulative Figures (Beneficiaries) ........................ 17
Figure 11: Trends in Water Supply Connections in DSM and UWSAs .......................................... 20
Figure 12: Trends in Sewer Connections in DSM and UWSAs ...................................................... 21
Figure 13: Baseline, Planned and Achievements in Water Connections ...................................... 22
Figure 14: WSDP I Baselines, Planned and Achievements in Beneficiaries ................................ 22
List of Tables
Table 1: Summary of Regulated WSSAs ........................................................................................... 2
Table 2: WSDP Commitments Vs Disbursements as of June 2014 in USD ................................... 6
Table 3: Funds Released Vs Expenditure as at June 2014 .............................................................. 6
Table 4: WSDP Approved Budget Vs Actual Disbursements 2013/2014 ........................................ 7
Table 5: Baseline and WSDP I Results for C3 ................................................................................. 21
Table 6: Summary of Planned Contracts and Status (2007-June 2014) ....................................... 29
iii
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AfDB :
African Development Bank
AMCOW:
African Ministers Council on Water
BRN
Big Results Now
:
BWBs :
Basin Water Boards
CAG
Controller and Auditor General
:
CD Plan:
Capacity Development Plan
CDD
:
Community Demand Driven
CFA
:
Nile Basin Cooperative Framework Agreement
COWSOs:
Community Owned Water Supply and Sanitation Organizations
CWSP :
Chalinze Water Supply Project
CWST :
Council Water and Sanitation Team
DAWASA:
Dar es Salaam Water Supply and Sewerage Authority
DAWASCO:
Dar es Salaam Water Supply Company
DDCA :
Drilling and Dams Construction Agency
DfID
:
Department for International Development
DRC
:
Democratic Republic of Congo
DSM
:
Dar es Salaam
DWE :
District Water Engineer
EAC
:
East African Community
eGA
:
e-Government Agency
EMA
:
Environmental Management Act
ESIA :
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ESMF :
Environmental and Social Management Framework
EWURA:
Energy and Water Utilities Regulatory Authority
GoT
:
Government of Tanzania
GPS
:
Global Positioning System
IAs
:
Implementing Agencies
ICT
:
Information Communication Technology
iv
IDA
:
International Development Association
ISO
:
International Standards Organization
IWRM :
Integrated Water Resources Management
IWRMD:
Integrated Water Resources Management and Development
IWRMDP:
Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Plan
JSM
:
Joint Supervision Mission
JWC
:
Ruvuma River Joint Water Commission
JWSR :
Joint Water Sector Review
JWSR :
Joint Water Sector Review
KfW
:
German Bank for International Development
KPIs
:
Key Performance Indicators
LGAs :
Local Government Authorities
LVEMP:
Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project
Majls :
Urban Water Supply Database
MIS
Management Information System
:
MoEVT:
Ministry of Education and Vocational Training
MoF
Ministry of Finance
:
MoHSW:
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
MoU
Memorandum of Understanding
:
MoW :
Ministry of Water
MTR
Mid Term Review
:
NAWAPO:
National Water Policy
NBI
Nile Basin Initiative
:
NRW :
Non Revenue Water
NSC
:
National Sanitation Campaign
PCU
:
Programme Coordination Unit
PIM
:
Programme Implementation Manual
PMO-RALG: Prime Minister’s Office, Regional Administration and Local Government
RAP
:
Resettlement Action Plan
v
RPF
:
Resettlements Policy Framework
RS
:
Regional Secretariats
SADC :
Sothern African Development Community
SC
Steering Committee
:
SRBDP:
Songwe River Basin Development Programme
TMA
:
Tanzania Meteorological Agency
ToR
:
Terms of Reference
TWG :
Technical Working Groups
TZS
:
Tanzanian Shillings
USD
:
United States Dollar
UWSAs:
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities
WASH :
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
WASSA:
Water Supply and Sanitation Act
WB
World Bank
:
WEO :
Ward Executive Officer
WPM :
Water Point Mapping
WPMS :
Water Point Mapping System
WRMA :
Water Resources Management Act
WSDP :
Water Sector Development Programme
WSSAs:
Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities
WUAs :
Water User Associations
ZAMCOM:
Zambezi Basin Watercourse Commission
vi
Preface
The water sector has undergone significant reforms in terms of policy, institutional and legal
frameworks, which have to larger extent necessitated efficient and effective implementation of
various programme interventions so far. This transformational set up strengthens sector
institutions for improving the integrated water resources management and development, and
ensuring that the number of people with access to clean and safe water supply and sanitation
services in urban and rural areas reaches the targets aspired by our macro economic policies
such as the National Development Vision by 2025.
The emphasis of the Sector Wide Approach (SWAp) model of Water Sector Development
Programme (WSDP), which commenced its implementation in July 2007 was on infrastructure
investment, capacity building to ensure efficiency and sustainability and developing the systems
that ease data management, monitoring and evaluation, and reporting. This Water Sector
Status Report provides a good overview of where we are now bearing in mind progress and
lessons since Programme commencement.
The report also provides an eye on key issues of concern that may hinder our immediate near
future interventions; so that we keen in dealing with challenges when they arise. As every body
may recall, the design of Phase II calls for more strategic approach, particularly with regard to
establishing the measures necessary to widen the investment resources bases through output
based arrangements (OBA) coupled with dual goal of creating surpluses in local revenue
collection and attracting private sector capital investment; commercial and soft loans; and
allocations from the national budget and the water fund. Also, the need to increase the
effectiveness and efficient of systems and management to create competitive entities, that
provide an affordable water service to the people within their service area. The pace of
executions of projects in rural water supply and water resources components of the Programme
were not convincing as to the set targets in the preceding phase. This situation is necessitating
the ministry as well as sector stakeholders to focus and give it more attention in terms of
strategies and planning.
Given the above background, the water sector status report highlights the state of
implementation by the Programme in terms of service delivery in area of water resources and
water supply cumulatively, and issues that arising in the course of implementation of planned
activities in terms of financial and physical performance. It is my hope that discussions
emanating from the aforementioned details of the report will be important ingredient in the
decisions to set the course and progress of the Programme. The contributions of stakeholders
are highly sought for improvements in this concluding chapter of the WSDP Phase I and the
envisaged takeoff of WSDP Phase II.
Eng. Mbogo Futakamba
ACTING PERMANENT SECRETARY
Ministry of Water
vii
WATER SECTOR STATUS REPORT 2014
1
INTRODUCTION
1.1
1.1.1
The policy and regulatory environment
Sector Direction Guided by the National Water Policy 2002
The sector direction as per the National Water Policy of 2002 is guided by three pronged sub
sector guidance; the IWRM participatory principles for water resources management and
development; full cost recovery for provision of water supply and sanitation services in urban
areas but with lifeline tariff considerations to the most poor; and beneficiary participation in
ensuring sustainable and equitable water supply and sanitation services in rural areas. The
following operational directives further guides the sector:
i)
Water resources governance through the National Water Board as the sector ministry’s
advisory body, participatory operations through 9 basins that are led by Boards of
Directors; catchment committees and water user associations. Priority interventions
include monitoring water quantity for demand and supply management; water quality
surveillance to enforce adherence to quality standards; and conservation and protection of
water sources for environmental sustainability.
ii)
Provision of water supply and sanitation services in rural areas through community
ownership and management of rural water supply and sanitation facilities under close
guidance of Local Government Authorities. Communities are final deciders of the price of
water in their localities as they are responsible for operating and maintenance (O&M) of
rural water schemes. The number of water points installed over a period of time is a major
indicator for access.
iii)
Provision of water supply and sanitation services in urban areas through urban water
supply authorities that are governed by Boards of Directors. Members of Boards of
Directors are selected from amongst local residents in the authority area of service. Due to
the fact that urban water authorities are required to work towards full cost recovery; bill
efficiency, number of water connections over time, non-revenue water and number of
public tapes/kiosks constructed constitute important operational indicators.
Targets of the National Water Policy of 2002 are compatible to the targets of the National
Development Vision 2025 because the policy was formulated basing on the pillars of the
national vision. They include universal (100%) access to water supply in urban areas by 2025;
ensuring at least the country reaches 90% water supply coverage in rural areas by 2025; and
ensuring that water resources are available in a sustainable manner to serve as a driver to both
social and economic needs.
1.1.2
Sector Regulation
Legislation and supporting regulations have been enacted at different times to regulate
provision of water supply and sanitation services in Tanzania. The most recent endeavour on
this aspect was enactment of two pieces of legislation by the parliament of the United Republic
of Tanzania in 2009; these are the Water Resources Management Act (WRMA) and Water
Supply and Sanitation Act (WASSA). The two laws repealed all previous water laws except the
Water Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act No. 1 of 1999, which reformed DAWASA; the
DAWASA Act of 2001, which made DAWASA subject to regulation by the Energy and Water
1
Utilities Regulatory Authority (EWURA); and EWURA Act of 2001. The WRMA and WASSA
laws establish institutions and provide mandates for policy implementation.
The WRMA establishes IWRM institutions including the National Water Board, Basin Water
Boards, Catchment Committees, and Water User Associations – WUAs; and supports joint
IWRM management bodies on shared waters with other countries. The WASSA establishes
Community-Owned Water Supply Organizations (COWSOs) for water supply and sanitation
services in rural areas; Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities – WSSAs for water supply and
sanitation services in urban areas; and establishes the National Water Investment Fund. While
most of institutions for water supply and sanitation are now operational, the pace for
establishment of prerequisite institutions for water resources management in Tanzania,
especially for catchment committees are still in preparatory stages.
The Ministry of Water regulates water Resources Management, both technical and economic,
but powers are delegated to Basin Water Boards. The Ministry also regulates rural water supply
but regulation powers are delegated to Local Government Authorities.
Regulation of Urban Water Supply Utilities (technical and economic) is a responsibility of the
Energy and Water Utilities Regulatory Authority (EWURA), which is the licencing authority for all
Urban Water Supply Authorities. As a regulator, EWURA’s primary objective is to protect the
long-term interests of customers with regard to tariff quality and reliability of essential services.
EWURA is responsible for approving business plans of urban water and sanitation authorities,
issuing licences and approving tariffs that are billed to customers. Other regulatory functions
include monitoring performance of WSSAs and advising the Ministry of Water on policy changes
regarding operations of WSSAs and impacts of major investments on customer tariffs.
Powers to regulate the water supply and sanitation service providers emanate from EWURA
Act, Cap 414; Water Supply and Sanitation Act No. 12 of 2009, Cap 272; and Dar es Salaam
Water Supply and Sewerage Authority Act No. 12 of 2001, Cap 273. The Water Supply and
Sanitation Act, Cap 272 became operational on 1 st August 2009. The Act provides room for
sustainable management and adequate operation and transparent regulation of water supply
and sanitation services with a view to give effect to the National Water Policy, 2002. The Act
recognizes the functions of EWURA in water sector regulation. DAWASA Act, Cap 273 provides
for sustainable management and adequate operation and transparent regulation of water supply
and sanitation services within DAWASA designated area, which include Dar es Salaam and
parts of Kibaha and Bagamoyo.
Regulated WSSAs and Scope
EWURA regulates 130 autonomous Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities which provide
water supply and sanitation services in regional and district headquarters, small towns and
National Projects Water Authorities, as shown on List of WSSAs declared by the Minister
responsible for water as of January 2014.
Table 1: Summary of Regulated WSSAs
No.
1
Type of Utilities
Dar es Salaam Water and Sewerage Authority
No. of Utilities
1
2
2
3
4
5
6
(DAWASA)
Dar es Salaam Water and Sewerage Corporation
(DAWASCO)
Regional Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities
(WSSAs)
District Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities
National Projects Water Authorities
Small Town Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities
Total
1
23
72
8
25
130
Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (WSSAs) are categorized as AA, A, B and C
depending on their commercial viability; while AA and A are commercial utilities, B and C are
non commercial water authorities.
It is mandatory for water supply and sanitation service providers, as categorized above, to
obtain a license from EWURA. Licenses are categorized in three classes, which are Class I,
Class II, and Class III Licenses according to criteria’s as in detailed criteria for awarding Class I,
II and III Licenses.
Procedures for application and issuance of the licenses have been elaborated in The Water
Supply and Sanitation Services Rules, 2010. Applicants are supposed to fill in license
application Form No. 400 - Application for Water Supply and Sanitation License and submit the
same to EWURA for evaluation and issuance of a license. After issuing a license, the licensee
authority is liable to be regulated in the areas of bulk water supplies, retail water supplies,
operatorship and leased assets.
1.2
The 1st Seven Years of WSDP
The Water Sector Development Programme 2006-2025 (WSDP), which is being implemented in
phases of 5 years each, commenced its implementation in 2007. The four components of
WSDP I were:
i)
Component 1: Water Resources Management - IWRM priorities are implemented through 9
Basin Water Boards with emphasis on the governance of water resources;
ii) Component 2: Rural Water Supply and Sanitation -water supply and sanitation service
improvement in rural areas through 168 Local Government Authorities;
iii) Component 3: Urban Water Supply and Sewerage service improvement in urban areas
through 23 UWSAs; 109 Small Town Authorities and 8 National Projects;
iv) Component 4: Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building together with other
priorities like financing mobilization and allocation, coordination, monitoring, evaluation and
reporting within the dialogue mechanism are executed with oversight of the Ministry of
Water.
The overall objective of WSDP is to strengthen sector institutions for improved integrated water
resources management and improved access to water supply and sanitation services. The
desire is to attain the aspirations of the national and international macro economic policies such
as National Development Vision; which envisions universal access to water supply services in
urban areas by 2025; and covering at least 90% of the population with water supply services in
the rural areas by 2025; while ensuring environmental sustainability.
3
The first phase of WSDP, which started in July 2007 was supposed to be accomplished in June
2012. However, the Mid Term Review (MTR) of April 2010 done by stakeholders, noted that the
Programme was not on track in relation to its targets due to several operational challenges;
hence, in June 2011 it was restructured by adjusting not only targets and priority activities, but
also Phase I completion date was extended to June 2014.
The restructuring plan with realistic revised targets, financing plan, work plan, procurement plan,
and disbursement projections was approved in June 2011. Also, the results-framework and
performance indicators, implementation arrangement, including the dialogue mechanisms, as
well as the Programme Implementation Manual (PIM), were revised. The restructured plan also
elevated the sanitation sub-component into the National Sanitation Campaign (NSC) under the
coordination of the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare.
Major aims of the restructured WSDP were to strengthen planning, budgeting, procurement and
reporting processes through the use of the Water Sector Management Information System
(MIS) which became operational in 2011, the urban water supply database (MajIs), and
streamlining the rural water infrastructure monitoring through the Water Point Mapping System.
Several achievements have been recorded so far, which have led to improvements in both
financial and physical progress reporting. Although improvements resulting from restructuring
innovations were recorded, by June 2014, there were outstanding operational challenges as
analyzed during WSDP I evaluation and during preparation of WSDP II. They include:
i)
Slow progress in the preparation of IWRMDPs and establishment of Catchment
Committees;
ii)
LGAs 10 village projects approach faced delays up to the end of the phase it was not
accomplished; evaluation report recommended to change focus towards district wide
planning;
iii)
Equity, sustainability (O&M) and capacity development was still a challenge throughout
the sector;
iv)
Less focus to district head quarters and small towns led to less investments and
capacities in the respective utilities. Much of urban interventions were targeted to Dar es
Salaam and other regional urban towns;
v)
The increase of financial commitments from 951 million USD of the Program at
Programme commencement in 2007, to 1.4 billion USD by June 2014 called for more
accuracy in projecting WSDP II commitments;
vi)
MIS utilization addressed various challenges in financial reporting, needs enhancements
and up-scaling;
vii)
Efficiency of CWSTs (in LGAs) requires augmentation by a team of middle level officers
for day to day follow up and reporting;
viii)
Capacity building still needs various interventions to augment previous efforts;
ix)
The use of consultants to conduct hydrogeological studies (for boreholes drilling in LGAs),
and later employing contractors to drill had several challenges, one contract for the all
round of activities until the output is realized was proposed as a solution;
The lessons under water resources management during WSDP I included:
i)
Water User Associations are key institutions in raising awareness to communities hence
their establishment is important for minimized water use conflicts, improved water
4
allocation mechanisms, catchment conservation, and in promoting willingness to pay
water use fees;
ii)
Communities and LGAs need to be involved in conservation of water sources and
groundwater recharge area so as to reduce growing tensions du toe encroachment and
degradation of water sources as a result of growing human development activities in water
catchments and groundwater recharge areas;
iii)
Inadequate water storage infrastructure impedes the nation’s ability to deal with climate
variability, which is impacting the food, energy, water and environmental security and
causing huge economic loss. Climate change is going to further stress the nation’s water
resources. They need appropriate focus during implementation of IWRMD plans;
iv)
Data collection, rehabilitation and construction of water resources monitoring stations as
well as information management system is still needed in all BWBs and need to be
sustained;
v)
Protection of water sources from contamination is very important as it assures availability
of water with good quality and it reduces treatment costs.
1.3
Structure of the Report
The reports is structured starting with the introduction chapter that elaborates the sector policy,
legal and regulatory framework together with a snapshot of the first 7 years of WSDP
implementation. Chapter 2 presents Programme financing status followed by chapter 3 that
details on sector performance on all the four components of WSDP I. Chapter 4 summarizes on
implementation of the undertakings that were agreed last year during the 8 th JWSR and chapter
5 brings to attention of stakeholders key issues of concern and lessons to consider when
charting for next undertakings, especially during the second day of the next JWSR.
2
2.1
SECTOR FINANCING
Original Commitments, Revised Commitments and Disbursements
A joint agreement between Development Partners (DPs) and GoT was made to commit funds
for the WSDP in the first phase of five years period from 2007/2008 to 2011/2012 at an
estimated cost of USD 951 million. Through a programme restructuring finalized in 2011 the
need for the additional financing was required and the entire original budget increased to USD
1,439 million whilst the WSDP I has been extended up to June 30, 2014.
From the available Basket Fund of US$ 612.7 million, a total of US$ 593.5 million has already
been disbursed by the six Basket DPs. Currently, all the Basket DPs have already fully
disbursed their committed contributions to the Basket except AfDB who has a small portion
undisbursed amounting to USD 8.1 million. Other Basket DPs, have additional financing of
which, DFID (GBP 10 million), IDA/WB (USD 45 million), KfW (Euro 15 million) who agreed
to finance a Gap) are yet to disburse their additional commitment except KfW disbursed Euro 6
million, to some of the ongoing contractual obligations that are supposed to be financed by
Basket DPs (as shown in table below).
5
Table 2: WSDP Commitments Vs Disbursements as of June 2014 in USD
Sources
GoT
Basket
Partners*
Earmarked
Partners**
Own
Source
Total
Original Commitment
in USD
Revised
Commitment
251,000,000
251,000,000
Actual
Disbursement
June, 2014
304,017,973
330,000,000
612,379,117
593,450,525
97%
370,000,000
569,849,433
340,436,905
60%
0
5,385,324
5,385,324
100%
951,000,000
1,438,613,874
1,243,290,727
86%
as
Performa
nce (%)
121%
Source: Water Sector MIS
2.2
Fund Release to IAs and Expenditures
For the past seven years of implementation of WSDP, a total of USD 1,243 million was
allocated, out of this, USD 1,127 million, equivalent to 91% were spent. Most of unspent
balance is still in Holding Accounts (USD 4,106,486) and other balances are with LGAs, small
towns, district headquarters and basins.
Table 3: Funds Released Vs Expenditure as at June 2014
Component
Code
Component
Description
Released
(USD)
Water Resource
Management
73,430,968
65,663,850
89%
7,767,118
1
Rural
Supply
Water
437,679,792
363,321,865
83%
74,357,927
2
647,892,468
621,667,920
96%
26,224,548
3
Urban
Water
Supply
and
Sanitation
80,181,015
76,815,175
96%
3,365,840
4
Institutional
Strengthening
and
Capacity
Building
4,106,486
0
1,243,290,728
1,127,468,809
Funds in Holding
A/Cs & Forex Acc
Amt
Used Amt (USD)
% Used
Balance
(USD)
Amt
4,106,486
91%
115,821,919
Total
Source: Water Sector MIS
6
2.3
2013/2014 Budget Performance
Though there has been more pressure to the government to insure that the BRN aspirations are
full achieved on the RWS subcomponent, more fund allocations have been substantially
increased to support this initiative. However, timely fund release has been a major challenge
during the period under review resulting into slow progress. Until the end of FY 2013/2014 only
64% of the annual allocation was released to the IAs; TZS 166.0 million from GoT and TZS
268.22 million from DPs, (See Table 4 below).
Table 4: WSDP Approved Budget Vs Actual Disbursements 2013/2014
Component Description
Approved
(TZS)
Water Resource Management
23,948,143,000
25,502,646,520.58
106%
Rural Water Supply
345,005,362,004
212,696,210,623.66
62%
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
288,746,037,000
172,599,752,398.53
60%
23,427,171,849.12
90%
434,225,781,391.89
64%
Institutional
Building
Strengthening
and
Budget Actual Release (TZS)
Capacity 25,949,100,000
683,648,642,004
Total
%
Source: Water Sector MIS:
Considering this level of disbursement, the sector could not fully achieve the key set milestones
and priorities set for this particular year.
3
3.1
SECTOR PERFORMANCE
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
The basic foundation of the Water Sector Development Programme is designed to improve the
governance of water resources management in Tanzania; while responding to the present and
future social economic anthropogenic water needs and needs of natural ecosystems.
The objectives of the WRM component include:i)
To develop a sound water resources management and development framework in all
nine water basins, for optimizing the utilization of the water resources in a sustainable
manner for the various competing uses;
ii)
To promote good governance of water resources through empowering water users,
encouraging participatory and transparent decision-making in the allocation, utilization,
protection and conservation of water resources, devolving ownership to the user level,
and granting secure water Use Permits with responsibilities to the water users,
community groups, local government and basin boards; and promote economic
instruments to encourage wise use of water; and
iii)
To strengthen the capacity of basins’ offices to address trans-boundary and lake basin
issues.
7
3.1.1
Status of Water Resources in the Country
Tanzania is articulated as copious in surface and ground water resources sufficient for its
present consumptive and non-consumptive needs. However, the distribution of the resource is
not uniform temporally and spatially; in a way, some areas have been affected with severe and
prevalent water shortages. This situation is coupled with climate variability, uncoordinated
sectoral development plans, inadequate water security infrastructures, diminishing water
resources, population growth with ever increasing social-economic activities, catchment
degradation, climate change and water use conflicts.
Tanzania’s annual renewable water resource is 89 km 3 and the annual average of available
water per capita was 2000 m3 in 2012 contrary to 2700 m3 in the year 2001. This amount is
projected to lessen by 30% corresponding to1400 cubic meters per capita per year in 2025 as a
result of diminution of water resources and increase of population.
The country receives two major rainfall modals in the regions; uni-modal (Dec-April) in southern,
southwest central, southern west and western part of the country and the bimodal (Oct- Dec and
March –May) found in the north, north eastern and northern coast. Most parts of the country
receives rainfall less than 1000mm per annum except highlands and parts of the extreme South
and West where 1400 - 2000mm can be experienced. Ground water availability is mainly
controlled by geology and climate, and unevenly distributed over the country.
During the WSDP I period, (2006-2014), many areas of the country continued to receive
average rainfall in general; with exception in April-May, 2014 with above average rainfall
unevenly distributed. The eastern and coastal regions (Wami/Ruvu, Pangani Basins) and some
areas in southern west (Nyasa and Rukwa Basins) of the country received above average
rainfall in 2014. Significant rainfall events were also recorded in 2009, 2010. During the seven
years of the WSDP 1, tremendous increasing trends of flows in most of the rivers and water
levels in dams and lakes have been observed (figure 1). Water levels in all major dams were
generally, above minimum operation levels, except for Mtera dam of which its level in 2013 was
below the operation level due to extensive water uses in the previous year.
The Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika water levels have been observed increasing
dramatically from 2006 – 2014 with Lake Tanganyika increase of water level by 2 meters (figure
4). In concluding, the water situation favored water related activities such as farming and
livestock keeping in the Basins. The quality of groundwater is generally good acceptable for
most uses, the main problems are salinity and high fluoride concentrations that may exceed
standards (14mg/l) in Pangani Basin.
8
Figure 1: Rainfall Status in Lake Nyasa Basin
Figure 2: Rainfall Trends in Rufiji Basin
9
Figure 3: Water Levels at Nyumba ya Mungu Dam
Figure 4: Water Level Trends in Lake Tanganyika
3.1.1.1 Monitoring Water Resources in Tanzania
A total of 320 monitoring stations have been rehabilitated and new stations constructed in all 9
Basins for surface, groundwater and water quality monitoring. In general there are 410 quit
operational monitoring stations at present. Operationalization of the stations has improved
ability of Basin Water Boards to carry out their mandated tasks of ensuring sustainable water
resources management and development. Likewise, a mechanism for sharing climatic data is
being developed in order to enhance collaboration and sharing on water resources data
between Ministry and Tanzania Meteorological Agency (TMA).
3.1.1.2 Granting of Water Use, Effluent Discharge and Drilling Permits
Processes to grant water use permits, effluent discharge permits and drilling permits have
been greatly improved in all BWBs. A total of 3680 water use permits have been granted to
ensure sustainable allocation of water; 9 provisional discharge permits were issued to control
10
pollution in water sources. Notable achievement has been made in annual water use fees
collection due to improved allocation procedures.
3.1.2
Transboundary Water Resources Management
The country shares eleven international water bodies with other riparian nations; this is more
than any other nation in Africa. The water bodies include the three great African Lakes; Victoria,
Tanganyika and Nyasa, and other transboundary water bodies Lakes Natron, Chala and Jipe,
and the Rivers Kagera, Mara, Umba, Ruvuma and Songwe. Given how critical water security is
to the livelihoods of Tanzanians and the national economy, is very crucial for Tanzania to foster
regional cooperation and integration, and seeks opportunities to maximize benefits from the use
of its international water resources.
Ongoing programmes/projects are implemented within the frameworks of the following regional
institutions; African Ministers Council on Water (AMCOW), East African Community (EAC) Lake Victoria Basin Commission, Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) - Zambezi
Basin Watercourse Commission (ZAMCOM) and Ruvuma River Joint Water Commission
(JWC), Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), Lake Tanganyika Authority and other bilateral Agreements
such as Songwe River Basin Developments Programmes (SRBDP).
Transboundary water management initiatives under those institutions are all working
satisfactorily. During WSDP I several ratifications of regional and bilateral Agreements have
been achieved which subsequently established the Ruvuma River Joint Water Commission
(JWC) in November 2009 and Zambezi Basin Watercourse Commission (ZAMCOM) in June,
2011. The process for ratification of the Nile Basin Cooperative Framework Agreement (CFA) is
underway where it will be tabled in parliament this November 2014. Bilateral Agreements; one
between Tanzania and DRC on Lake Tanganyika Water initiative was reached in April 2014 and
between Tanzania and Malawi on implementation of Phase II of the Songwe River Development
Programme on July 2012.
The implementation of the Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project II is ongoing with
development of 104 new Community Demand Driven (CDDs) sub-projects proposals of which
61 sub-projects were approved and implementation of 33 have started. The Lake Chala-Jipe
and Umba River Joint Program was adopted in February 2014. Under the Ruvuma Shared
Watercourse Support Project (SADC); Basin Monograph and Ruvuma Integrated Water
Resources Management Strategy have been approved; and the six community projects
implemented. Updated report on feasibility Study and Final Shared Vision 2050 on Songwe
River Basin Development Project were submitted in April 2014.
3.1.3
Water Quality, Water Sources Conservation and Pollution Control
Deterioration of water quality and pollution of water sources resulting from natural and
anthropogenic activities are evident in many parts of the country. In addressing this challenge,
the Water Quality Management and Pollution Control Strategy has been successfully developed
where, its operationalization has led to systematic water quality monitoring and timely control of
pollution.
All laboratory equipment, which are vital in water quality surveillance, has been installed in
water laboratories across the country in concurrency with training for their use aiming at
11
improved laboratory practices in zonal and regional laboratories. The plan to acquire more
laboratory equipment, laboratory chemicals and reagents; is underway. Mwanza Zonal
laboratory has completed preparation for ISO 17025 requirement for accreditation and is waiting
for evaluation by SADC Accreditation Board. Ambient water quality and discharge monitoring
annual capacity for water laboratories in Tanzanian is currently on the average of 4000 water
and 1000 wastewater samples.
Inspection of wastewater discharges from mines and industries into water sources are regularly
undertaken and water quality and pollution control points and sampling location have been
established. The annual average of 20% of the sampled effluents fails to meet standards
indicating the need for intensive monitoring and enforcement of regulatory requirements.
Demarcation of important water sources are underway of which 158 important water sources to
include springs, groundwater well fields, rivers, dams and wetlands have been investigated and
identified for protection. Kawa Dam in Rukwa Basin and Makutupora groundwater well field in
Wami/Ruvu have been gazetted as water sources protected areas and other 7 groundwater well
fields in Lake Rukwa basin are at final stages of being gazetted. Awareness creation has been
carried out in all basins to raise the stakeholder participation on water sources protection and
conservation. A Program document for effective and sustainable protection and conservation of
water sources has been prepared for implementation in WSDP II.
The Water Sector Climate Change Strategic Action Plan to implement the National Climate
Change Strategy has been developed to enable water resource management adaption to
climate change. The Ministry in collaboration with GIZ has established a Water sector dialogue
forum, which serves as a platform for coordination and exchange of experience and lessons and
research findings on climate change.
3.1.4
Formation and Strengthening of WRM Institutions
The National Water Policy (NAWAPO, 2002) and its principal legislation Water Resources
Management Act 2009 (WRMA) entrusts responsibility for water resources to the River/Lake
Basins and catchments management entities with active participation of local government and
community based organizations. Water resources management involves catchment
management which integrates land use planning and optimizes various land uses with other
sectors such as agriculture, forestry, grasslands, energy, livestock, fisheries etc. Five levels of
water resources management which are national water board, basin water boards, catchment
water committees, district councils and the lowest level water users associations and
communities have been provided in WRM Act, 2009.
During WSDP I, several water resources institutions have been established such that; all the 9
Basin Water Boards have been established and the National Water Board formed in January,
2012 and both have been operational since then. A total of 90 Water User Associations have
been formed across the country and progressively, have aided in resolving a number of use
conflicts. The processes to form Catchment Water Committees are at advanced stages of which
38 catchments and 86 sub-catchments were studied and identified to have pressing water
resources management issues that require immediate interventions.
12
3.1.5
Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Plans
The Integrated Water Resources Management and Development (IWRMD) approach has been
adopted internationally, as a suitable way for efficient, equitable and sustainable development
and management of water resources. The IWRMD Plans for each basin facilitates
mainstreaming water issues in the political economy of a country and as such in all societal and
economic sectors and stresses the importance of involving all stakeholders in the decisionmaking processes. The National Water Policy (NAWAPO, 2002) emphasizes adoption of
integrated water resources management approaches to be operational through the IWRMD
Plans for each water basin. The status in the preparation of IWRMD Plans in Tanzania as of
September 30th 2014 is as follows:
i)
Draft final reports of Ruvuma, Rufiji, Nyasa, Tanganyika, and Internal Drainage Basins
IWRMD Plans, have been discussed by stakeholders and comments collected.
Incorporation of those comments is underway and final reports are expected by
December 2014.
ii)
The water resources assessment report for Wami/Ruvu water basin that was done under
JICA support was completed far early in January 2014. However, contract for
preparation of its plan will be signed next January and completion is expected by
September 2015. Likewise, the IWRMDP for Lake Rukwa water basin is now finalizing
water resources assessment; completion is also expected by next year 2015.
iii)
The IWRMDP for Lake victoria is being executed under the auspices of the broader Lake
Victoria Basin Vision management framework under LVEMP II. With the fact that
preparation of IWRMDP for Pangani water basin also requires retendering; it has been
advised that the two basins accomplish their IWRMDPs during implementation horizon
of WSDP II (2014-2019).
3.1.6
Priority Water Resources Infrastructures
Priority Water Resources Infrastructures includes the construction of strategic dams and other
priority investment projects that seek to improve water security of the country. The government
is at advance stages of preparations ESIA and detailed designs for the construction of three
major dams, the Farkwa dam in Dodoma; the Lugoda Dam in Iringa; and the Kidunda dam in
Morogoro. The preliminary engineering studies for rehabilitation of the six (6) dams in Internal
Drainage Basin have been completed and the Environmental Audit is on-going, while one dam
has been rehabilitated. A total of 30 boreholes have been drilled in Pangani Basin, whereby 22
were successful for augmentation of dry seasons and conjunctive use of surface and
groundwater for water supply and irrigation purposes. The environmental audit for rehabilitation
of Mchema dam in Masasi town has been concluded and recommended not to rehabilitate the
dam due to uneconomic viability reasons. Another site for construction of a dam was
recommended. All the dams will be constructed during WSDP II and Construction of the 20
deep boreholes in Kimbiji and Mpera will be completed by December 2015.
13
3.2
RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
The overall objective of the component is to improve the provision of clean and safe water
supply and promotion of improved hygiene and sanitation in rural areas through LGAs. The
component is made of two components; management support and investments for water
infrastructure. In the mid period of WSDP I, a sub component of National sanitation campaign (NSC)
under the coordination of the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare was introduced and now has been
elevated into a sparate component under WSDP II.
3.2.1
Water Points and Beneficiaries
Planned water points during WSDP I were 41,900 but during restructuring it was reduced to
14,790 because of fears of ambitiousness. However, implementation by February 2014
indicated achievement of 28,246 water points, corresponding to serving 7.1 million people. The
target after implementation of additional financing interventions was again not correct (31,747
water points to serve 7.9 million people) because by June 2014 figure XX indicates that the
actual achievement by June 30 2014 was 32,846 water points, benefitting 8,211,500 people;
thanks to the increased focus given to rural water supply under the Big Results Now (BRN),
which managed to install about 16,784 water points in a span of only one year from July 2013 to
June 2014; a direct indication that BRN can lead us in achieving the targets if commitment
remains high. The total cumulative achievement in rural water supply when the baseline in 2007
is added to the actual programme achievement by June 30 2014 is 77,584 water points, serving
19,396,000 people in rural areas of Tanzania Mainland, equivalent to 51% of the rural
population, only 3% short of the BRN target of 54% that was planned by June 2014. Graphic
presentation of status is as follows:
Figure 5: C2 Programme Targeting During WSDP I (Water Points)
14
Figure 6: Programme Targeting During WSDP I (Beneficiaries)
Figure 7: Planned Vs Achieved Water Points
15
Figure 8: Cumulative Trend of Constructed Water Points Each Year
Figure 9: Baseline, Planned, Achieved and Cumulative Figures (Water Points)
16
Figure 10: Baseline, Planned, Achieved and Cumulative Figures (Beneficiaries)
3.2.2
Outputs that Contributed to the Presented Outcomes
166 LGAs have been engaged in implementing the projects so far (excluding Musoma MC and
DCC)
Out of 643 total planned projects during 2013/2014 for provision of water supply services in 694
villages; 253 projects (39%) have been completed, serving 280 villages. Implementation of 390
projects in 414 villages had to spill over for completion in 2014/2015. This makes the load for
projects completion in 2014/2015 to be a total of 1,053 projects (after adding 663 projects
planned for 2014/2015), 82 projects are still not initiated because of lack of financing. This
makes completion of 1,053 projects by December, 2015 to be difficult.
3.2.3
Status on Registration of COWSOs
Out of 2,728 planned BRN COWSO establishments by June 2014, only 460 were registered
(17%). This slowness is due to lack of funds allocated to LGAs for undertaking registration
beyond project villages and even where there were funds that were sent for this purpose, they
were used for other purposes including monitoring, supervision, and capacity building activities
other than COWSOs registration. The activity of COWSO registration requires prioritization and
follow up.
17
3.2.4
Sustainability of Rural Water Supply Services
Sustainability of rural water supply schemes remains a significant problem. This observation
was recently confirmed in the field visits to Mtwara, Kilombero and Temeke councils. Most of
the completed schemes are motorized, some are serving multiple villages and in some places
there are no COWSOs established or community agreement on payment for use of water.
Delayed completion of sustainability strategy that has been in draft form since April 2014 is a
concern that is being aired by stakeholders. This report echoes stakeholder recommendations
to urgently implement Interventions agreed in BRN lab and other task forces with regard to
adoption of various sustainability principles.
A min lab/workshop should be organised as immediate as possible to thrush out the key areas
of interventions that are already in the work plan for FY 2014/15 to ensure that these are
implemented effectively and at the same time finalise the sustainability strategy. Sustainability
starts with project planning and not completion, it is therefore important to include the
sustainability principles within the revised Programme Implementation Manual.
3.2.5
Outputs and Outcomes of the National Sanitation Campaign
The total target on rural household sanitation for 4 years under the National Sanitation
Campaign (NSC) was 1.52 million improved latrines and 812 schools in school WASH.
2014 A total of 384,709 improved latrines were achieved (25%), and 128 schools equivalent to
16% of total planned schools planned WASH activities, were achieved by June 2014.
Delays in funds transfer to LGAs persist and have greatly affected delivery of national sanitation
and hygiene campaign. In this case, with only one year remaining for implementation it is
unlikely that the original targets will be met.
The total funding commitment for sanitation and hygiene under phase I (2011-2014/15) was
USD 24.2 million. As of June 2014, only USD 8.5 million (35%) of the funds has been released
for sanitation and hygiene. This level of funding has translated to achieving 25% and 16% of
household and school WASH targets. The bulk of funds (USD 15.7million) for implementation of
sanitation and hygiene campaign has not yet been released. There is urgent need to advocate
for urgent release of funds; especially from AfDB, which has not yet released its final
disbursement of USD 8 million fund reserved for sanitation and hygiene.
18
3.3
URBAN WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
The overall objective of the Urban Water Supply and Sewerage Component is to improve
service provision in the DAWASA service area that includes Dar es Salaam, Kibaha, Bagamoyo
and some parts of Mkuranga; WSSAs that comprise 23 regional headquarters; 104 District
Headquarters and small towns and areas serviced by 8 National Projects.
Utilities perform their duties legally, after obtaining licenses issued by EWURA. All 23 Regional
town utilities have acquired permanent licenses, and both DAWASA and DAWASCO have a
license issued by EWURA. By June 2014, 87 District and Small Towns utilities have been given
utility licenses while more applications are still under scrutiny. EWURA also continues approving
tariffs, and continues monitoring the performance of the water utilities.
During WSDP Phase I implementation, activities under this component were implemented under
the two sub components; Management support and Project investment. All these sub
components acquired significant achievements. Most of the planned activities under
management support were done accordingly. Investments on water supply and sewerage
infrastructures received sufficient support from both Government and DP’s funding as most of
the planned project under WSDP I were implemented.
3.3.1
Household Connections, Kiosks and Beneficiaries in Dar es Salaam
The component continues with improvement of water supply services in the city of Dar es
Salaam through improvement of water production at Lower Ruvu and Upper Ruvu water works,
Development of Mpera and Kimbiji ground water sources and construction of Kidunda Dam to
regulate Ruvu River. Other investment activities include construction of transmission line 55 km
from Lower Ruvu water works, Development of boreholes and design of transmission mains,
reservoirs and other infrastructure for Kimbiji-Mpera water supply project. The purpose of this
program is to improve water production from 300 million litres per day to 756 million litres per
day, rehabilitation and expansion of distribution network to reduce NRW. The program also
involves improvement of wastewater management.
Since the start of the program in 2007, DAWASCO has been involved on improving service
delivery as a result; +976,770 additional people in urban areas serviced by DAWASA, which
include Kibaha, Bagamoyo, and Dar es Salaam City have been provided with access to safe
and clean water supply through additional +63,918 domestic connections and +90 additional
kiosks. There are currently 116,919 water supply connections and 205 kiosks in sub urban
areas of Dar es Salaam (data source: MajIs, being verified by EWURA).
NRW Reduction in Dar es Salaam
The level of NRW in Dar es Salaam is an issue of concern due to its increasing trend. The
current level is over 50%. Dar es Salaam Water Supply and Sanitation Project (2002-2011) had
financed a baseline study and preparation of technical specifications for a performance based
contract for non-revenue water reduction in Dar es Salaam. The study was completed in
October 2011. DAWASCO has established an independent NRW unit, which has become
operational and signed an agreement with a consultant, to carry out a mini study on two pilot
DMAs (Kawe and Boko) and develop a strategy for NRW.
19
3.3.2
Household Connections, Kiosks and Beneficiaries in Urban Centers
Currently there are 23 regional urban centers with Urban water Authorities in the country.
Achievement under WSDP I investments and capacity building have benefited +1,358,580
additional people through additional +128,858 domestic connections and +280 additional kiosks.
Currently 3,534,630 people have access to water supply through 312,563 domestic connections
and 1,636 kiosks in the Regional towns. (data source: MajIs, being verified by EWURA).
Parallel to increased water connections the percentage of the non-revenue water, decreased
from 37% in 2007 to 36% in 2014.
Figure 11: Trends in Water Supply Connections in DSM and UWSAs
3.3.3
Household Connections, Kiosks and Beneficiaries in Small Towns and National
Projects
Significant achievements have been recorded on improvement of water services in Districts,
Small Towns and National Projects. Since the start of the program in 2007, capacity building
has been provided and investment sub-projects have been done under short-term contract or
quick win projects. Each year funds are sent to various towns under this category for
implementation of immediate works (quick-wins) to improving water supply services to
customers, while waiting for long term solutions as per plan. There are about +529,440
additional people who have access to water supply services of house connections and
constructed water kiosks. Currently some 1,811,150 people in these towns have access to
water through about 104,040 domestic connections and about 3,083 kiosks (data source: MajIs,
being verified by EWURA).
3.3.4
Sewerage Services and Point Source Sanitation in Urban Areas
Sewerage services need special attention especially after improving water services in most
urban areas. Under WSDP phase I, investment was done in few regions where extension of
sewer lines and construction of waste water treatment plants including sludge ponds and
constructed wetlands were provided. The results of such effort are about +160,830 additional
people have access to sewerage services through +13,832 additional connections, Currently
about 505,295 people use about 41,479 sewerage connections (data source: MajIs, being
verified by EWURA).
20
The use of septic tanks in areas where sewerage system is not provided is encouraged. Sewer
emptier trucks are used to transfer wastewater from septic tanks to waste stabilization pond for
treatment.
Figure 12: Trends in Sewer Connections in DSM and UWSAs
3.3.5
Outputs and Outcomes in Cumulative Figures Featuring WSDP I Achievements
Table 5: Baseline and WSDP I Results for C3
Output Indicators
No. of domestic connections
- Dar es Salaam
- Regional Centers
- District, Small Towns, NPs
No. Kiosks / public standpipes
- Dar es Salaam
- Regional Centers
- District, Small Towns, NPs
No. Sewerage connections
- Dar es Salaam
- Regional Centers
No. of people with access to
clean and safe water
- Dar es Salaam
- Regional Centres
- District, Small Towns, NPs
No. of people with access to
sewerage connections
- Dar es Salaam
- Regional Centres
Baseline
2007
Status
Oct 2014
Achievement
Increase
289,252
53,001
183,705
52,546
533,522
116,919
312,563
104,040
+ 244,270
+ 63,918
+ 128,858
+51,494
+ 84 %
4,496
115
1,356
3,025
4,924
205
1,636
3,083
+ 428
+ 90
+ 280
+ 58
+ 10 %
27,647
13,599
14,048
41,479
18,101
23,378
+ 13,832
+ 4,502
+ 9,330
+ 50 %
4,275,775
7,140,565
+ 2,864,790
+ 67 %
818,015
2,176,050
1,281,710
344,464
1,794,783
3,534,630
1,811,150
505,295
+ 976,770
+ 1,358,580
+ 529,440
+ 160,830
+ 47 %
203,985
140,480
271,515
233,780
+ 67,530
+ 93,300
21
Figure 13: Baseline, Planned and Achievements in Water Connections
NOTE: 85% success towards the target is recorded for water connections.
Figure 14: WSDP I Baselines, Planned and Achievements in Beneficiaries
NOTE: 95% success towards the target is recorded for beneficiaries. This is because the
number of beneficiaries is calculated not only on piped connections but also other sources like
boreholes and public standpipes/kiosks.
22
3.3.6
Sustainability and Operational Efficiency
Since UWSAs are commercial bodies that are determined to serve their clients or customers
through standards approved by the regulator, operational efficiency and sustainability of
services are core regulatory issues. EWURA regulates water supply provided through the pipe
network and removal of wastewater through a pipe network. Generally, EWURA regulates
networked services related to either supply of drinking water or removal of wastewater.
Normally, Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities provide water supply and sanitation services
directly to consumers, or through and intermediary service provider contracted to operate water
supply and sewerage assets.
Monitoring Compliance
EWURA provides directions to Licensees to ensure that the needs of the consumers of the
service are met, and such services are sustainable. Additionally, it is responsible for ensuring
that Licensees operate in an efficient manner so as to protect the well being of users and the
public at large. One of the most appropriate means to achieve this objective is through
stipulation of various service standards and performance indicators as included in Guidelines for
Preparing a Business Plan for Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities. Guidelines for Preparing
a Business Plan for Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (WSSAs) have been prepared by
EWURA pursuant to section 29 (2) of the Water Supply and Sanitation Act 2009. The objective
of this Guideline is to assist WSSAs structure their Business Plans so as to effectively manage
water supply and sanitation services and to comply with the regulatory requirements.
Business Plan
A business plan is a comprehensive management tool that sets out the WSSA’s mission and
objectives and, based on an assessment of where the WSSA is today, sets out the strategies,
programmes and activities, and financial projections to achieve the position in which it wishes to
be within the period of the plan.
A business plan provides a framework within which a Water Supply and Sanitation Authority
(WSSA) can develop and implement strategies over the planning period. It also provides the
basis for EWURA to measure and monitor the performance of the WSSA in achieving its
desired objectives and targets. A Business Plan will also be used by EWURA to determine and
approve a three-year tariff. As a minimum, Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities are obliged
to prepare their Business Plans in conformity to the guidelines.
Technical Regulation
Technical regulation include benchmarking standards; code of practice; levels of investments;
planning and procurements for major projects; health, safety and environmental issues. In
accomplishing these tasks, EWURA has prepared Guidelines on Water Quality Monitoring for
the utilities to be able to prepare their own plans for water quality monitoring.
The guidelines require that tests to be conducted in accordance with Tanzania Bureau of
Standards (TBS) on Drinking (Portable) Water Specifications [Refer to TZS 789: 2008; TZS 574
(Part 2): 2002; TZS 564 (Part 2): 1997; TZS 574 (Part 3): 2003 and TZS 574 (Part 1): 2002]
23
Economic Regulation
Economic regulation includes, but is not limited, reviewing, setting rates and charges. EWURA
has put in place a number of guidelines to facilitate tariff reviews in a transparent and
predictable manner. The applicable guidelines include, Tariff Application Guidelines, 2009 and
the Tariff Setting Guidelines for Small Water Utilities.
Regulatory Reports
WSSAs submit reports to EWURA in two ways, through Water Utilities Management System
(MajIs) and an Annual Report, which include an Annual Audited Financial Accounts.
Water Utilities Information System (MajIS)
Water Utilities Information System (MajIS) is one of the tools used by EWURA to monitor
monthly performance of WSSAs, whereby data and information are entered at the respective
WSSA’s headquarters and received by EWURA and the Ministry of Water on monthly basis.
Apart from the improved efficiency and effectiveness of data collection and reporting, the data
stored in the MajIs serves to improve data and information accessibility for monitoring, planning
and decision making as well as dissemination to all stakeholders; and to support effective
management audits with the objective of analysing, evaluating, reviewing and appraising
performance of commercially operating water utilities
WSSAs Annual Reports
WSSAs submits draft annual report including draft annual financial statements by 30 th
September and final annual report including annual audited financial accounts to the MoW and
EWURA according to the prescribed format before 31st December of every year.
Water Utilities Performance Report
On the basis of reports submitted by WSSAs, EWURA prepares Annual Water Utilities
Performance Reports for the regional, districts, small towns and National Projects water utilities
that provide comparative performance of respective WSSAs in Tanzania.
3.4
3.4.1
INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING AND CAPACITY BUILDING
Staffing plan and performance
Because of the agreement to prepare the capacity building plan within the implementation
period of WSDP I, there was no single documented staff development plan for WSDP. In its ad
hoc endeavours, since 2007 to June 2014 a total of 609 staff were recruited from different
cadres such as community development officers (41), Hydrologist (33), record management
assistant (16), Economist (20), technicians (171), Supplies officers (18), Hydro geologist (31),
Engineer (122), Statisticians (5), Legal officers (4), Chemist (13), Information officer (11),
Accountant (39), Drivers(33), Internal Auditor (9), Computer Operator and Computer System
analyst (12), Secretary (25), Transport Officer (1), Financial Specialist (1), Procurement
specialist (1), Monitoring and Evaluation specialist (1) and Medical attendant (9).
24
Moreover, a total of 39 technicians from the basin water offices have been deployed to District
Council, Regional Council and City Council. As a mechanism of strengthening the Local
Government Authority,the Ministry has transferred (2) accountant and (1) Engineer to join the
coordination team at PMO-RALG.
Preparation of the sector CD plan is still at an early stage. Each component has prepared a
concept note/framework to guide preparation of CD plans. Based on these concept notes each
IA will prepare its CD plan. The IAs’ CD plans put together will form the sector CD plan by end
of March 2015. As regards staff recruitments, out of the 475 staff (125 Water Engineers, 150
Water Technicians Grade II and 200 Water Technicians Grade III) approved, 36 staff (24
Engineers and 12 Technicians) had taken up their posts. The recruitment of the remaining 439
staff is still under processing by the Public Service Recruitment Secretariat.
Support to executive agencies in strengthening their capacities was also reckoning as the Water
Development and Management Institute received support in teaching equipment including land
surveying instruments, meteorological investigation equipment, water supply engineering and
plumbing equipment, soil laboratory equipment, water quality laboratory equipment, classroom
furniture (including tables and Chairs), 2098 books, 250KVA generator and various water
pumps. Drilling rigs and motor vehicles were also given to the DDCA to ensure that it plays its
role in execution of the WSDP.
3.4.2
i)
Human Resources Development
Tailored Trainings
The WSDP has done a lot in terms of tailored trainings mainly those trainings designed to
mitigate fiduciary risks. Up to June 2014, a total of 8,669 staff from all WSDP implementing
agencies were trained in groups as follows:

3,843 staff trained on financial management and internal controls;

2,566 staff trained on the use of Management Information System (MIS) to input
financial, procurement, contract management, planning and budgeting data and
information online;

1,200 staff trained on Water Point Mapping System and its updating mechanism;

622 staff trained on procurement and contract management;

109 staff trained on the use of laboratory equipment and chemical management; and

329 staff trained on the use of Strategic Budget Allocation System (SBAS) software in
strategic planning and budgeting.
Note: Previous training reports do not separate gender of participants. This will need to be
observed in future.
ii) Other Trainings
25

3.4.3
A total of 182 staff mainly from MoW headquarters attended individual trainings within
and outside the country.
Working Tools and Equipment
For the period of 2007-2014 a total of 250 vehicles were procured. The distribution was MoW
headquarters (33), Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (32), Basin Water Offices
(36), PMO-RALG (1), MoHSW (1), DDCA (6), LGAs (120), and RSs (21). Moreover, 400 motor
cycles were procured, out of these 2 were distributed to MoW headquarter and 388 were sent to
LGAs.
A number of office equipment were procured including 241 printers, 129 photocopiers, 175
facsimiles, 201 desktop computers, 60 laptop, 15 digital projectors, 12 photocopier machines
164 scanner and other related ICT equipment which were distributed to MoW and other
Implementing agencies.
3.4.4
Office Accommodation
WSDP I constructed a total of 98 office accommodations and rehabilitated 69 offices across all
its implementing agencies. Basin Water Boards together with Water Quality Laboratories
constructed 14 offices and rehabilitated 3; LGAs constructed 67 and rehabilitated 54; District
HQs and Small Towns constructed 8n office buildings, UWSAs constructed 6 and MoW
constructed 6 buildings at MoW HQ and rehabilitated 12, although some with minor
rehabilitations. The office buildings in total has produced 1336 offices that are being used by
2,672 staff who previously had difficulties in their working environments.
3.4.5
i)
Monitoring and Evaluation
Sector Coordination
As a result of WSDP I restructuring in 2011, the Programme Coordination Unit (PCU) was
established and its staff mixture improved covering M&E, procurement, environmental and
social safeguards, budget and planning, fiduciary management, component 1, 2, 3 and 4. This
has improved both programme coordination through the enhanced dialogue mechanism. For the
past two financial years 34 TWG meetings, 2 WSWG meetings, 4 JSM, 2 SC meetings and 2
JWSR meetings were conducted. Considering that technical and strategic issues are discussed
in the dialogue mechanism arrangement; conducted meetings mark a success story of WSDP
coordination as stakeholders were well unified monitoring implementation of WSDP. For
effective follow up of decisions made during dialogue meetings, matters arising from the TWG
meetings' minutes, agreed actions from the JSM aide memoire and the undertakings in the
JWSR workshop proceedings are implemented and monitored regularly in the subsequent
dialogue meetings.
Institutional coordination arrangements between MoW and PMORALG have continued
improving. A joint annual work plan, which sets out roles and responsibility between the
Directorate of Rural Water Supply and Sanitation at MoW and the Water Sector Working Group
at PMO-RALG has been developed and agreed by the two ministries. In addition, the two
ministries have agreed to establish a quarterly coordination meeting between the director levels
and bi-annual meetings at the Permanent secretary level. These meetings are not only
consultative but also decision-making bodies on matters that relate to intergovernmental
operational arrangements.
26
In terms of supervision and monitoring support to LGAs the two ministries have agreed on a
coordination arrangement based on zonal teams between PMORALG and MOW to ensure
effective technical support. Each zonal team deals up with a list of contracts for each of the LGA
under their zone for effective support. The zonal team’s responsibility is not only to collect
reports but also to provide effective technical support to LGAs and Regions to ensure that the
different pillars of the programme are effectively implemented.
To ensure effective implementation of sanitation activities, MoU was signed among line
ministries (MoW, MoEVT, MoHSW and PMO–RALG). Each quarter, line ministries meet to
discuss WSDP implementation challenges under component 2. The sector coordination unit at
PMO–RALG was enhanced as 1 Community Development Officer, 2 Water Engineers, 1 Health
Officer, 1 Economist were deployed from MoW, MoHSW and PMO–RALG respectively. That
team ensures a well-coordinated implementation of WSDP planned activities at LGAs.
ii) Performance Monitoring

M&E Framework
The Draft Water Sector Monitoring and Evaluation Framework is being finalized after
collecting internal government comments from PMO-RALG and the MoHSW. It will be
shared for wider circulation once MoW management approves it. The framework has the
main document and WSDP II results matrix, sample customer satisfaction survey tool,
and field monitoring draft checklists as amongst annexes.

Management Information System (MIS)
MoW has made some progress in improving its ICT infrastructure. Internet bandwidth
has been upgraded from 2Mbps to 20Mbps, and MoW intends to get Internet bandwidth
through RCIP coordinated by e-Government Agency. Efforts to use the government
domain for official email communication has been done and is reported to be 85%
completed. As a long-term solution to address security issues, draft ToR for Information
Security Policy & Disaster Recovery Plan has been prepared and submitted to eGA for
approval.
MIS enhancements have been completed and 90% testing has also been completed.
The enhancement supports a number of features including: linking each contract with
funding source; financial projections; annual financial reports; providing progress in
achievement of BRN KPI’s and linking with financial expenditure and physical progress
in percentage, and a new module for internal audit reporting. Draft ToRs for scaling-up
sector MIS to support WSDP II requirements are being finalized.

Water Point Mapping
In 2010/2011, the government conducted the water-point mapping throughout the
country, through the same exercise, the water point mapping system for curbing rural
water infrastructure monitoring data inconsistencies was established. Although there has
been positive progress in institutionalising water point-mapping system across the
WSDP implementing agencies especially those in component 2; progress has been
slow. Training on the WPM including the use of GPS for updating new water points has
been done to all LGAs. Pilot updating using WEOs and DWEs has been done with
support from WaterAid in six LGAs. A water point mapping system review has been
27
done with an independent firm and key recommendations for improving both system and
data credibility were identified, discussed and agreed with the Ministry and other key
stakeholders. A roadmap for implementation of recommendations has been set out and
agreed with the WPM contractor with deadlines for October 15, 2014 and December
2014 depending on agreement on the definition for water point functionality and
availability of GPS equipment. Experience from the initial training of users’ show that
LGAs will require more hands on practical training as opposed to class based training in
order to be able to use the system effectively.
As part of the BRN reporting system improvements that targets reduction of data
inconsistencies, the Ministry with support from Presidential Delivery Bureau has
designed a google.doc reporting system to simplify reporting by LGAs. However, the
innovation requires synchronisation and harmonization with other monitoring systems so
as to have a single source for rural water supply sub-sector that will serve all the users.
The designed WPMS and its updating mechanism remain to be the long lasting solution
for this purpose.

National Census and Surveys

Financial audit
MoW has been facilitating and coordinating number of audits which includes, financial
audits, technical audits, in-depth financial management reviews and statement of
expenditure reviews of WSDP in compliance with Finance Act (and its regulations),
National Audit Act, International Financial Standards, WSDP MoU, PIM and Financial
Management addendum.
Internal Audit
A reasonable effort has been made since the last year to ensure that internal audit
reporting coverage improves. The budget for Internal Audit Unit at the Ministry has been
increased and internal audit departments of LGAs has been supported financially to
make sure that they audit the water projects in their area in quarterly basis. Furthermore
the Internal Auditors from all the WSDP implementing agents were trained on report
writing skills and how to access the MIS and generate various reports that might be
needed for audit purpose.
There is still a challenge on the submission of the quarterly internal audit reports from
LGAs and WSSAs, but the situation is improving. The number of audit reports submitted
to MoW from LGAs stood at an average of 65% while those from WSSA stood at an
average of 76%. But more efforts will be put to ensure that all WSDP IAs submit the
required reports and timely.
External Audit
The audit report for FY 12/13 was submitted on time with the CAG issuing an unqualified
(clean) opinion. However, the report for the MoW and LGAs has not been aggregated
and an addendum to the management letter, which specifically relates to the LGAs, was
issued later by the CAG. The addendum, which concludes that 15 LGAs had qualified
28
audit reports, out of which 9 have satisfactorily resolved the issues and clearance on the
remaining 6 is underway.

Technical Audits (key lessons)
The consultant commissioned by CAG commenced work in July 2014, progress is
underway with Draft report expected by end of October 2014.
3.4.6
Procurement Arrangement and Performance
Table 6: Summary of Planned Contracts and Status (2007-June 2014)
Planned
Contracts
Contract
s
Awarde
d
Contracts
Not
Initiated
Contract
s
Initiated
Complete
d
Contracts
No of
Contract
s
Contract
s
Cancell
ed
WSDP
No of
Contrac
ts
No of
Contracts
No of
Contrac
ts
No of
Contract
s
No of
Contrac
ts
No of
Contract
s
No of
Contract
s
Goods
118
92
24
2
75
17
24
1
Works
1348
1209
139
560
465
83
0
141
1068
139
7
12
296
169
83
1
10
4
6
0
3
0
6
0
2036
1770
252
14
515
1254
252
23
Goods
8
5
1
2
3
2
0
0
Works
23
18
0
6
6
12
0
1
Consultancy
Sub-Total
Earmarked
Financing
40
35
1
4
22
13
0
0
71
58
2
11
31
27
0
1
Goods
20
5
2
13
2
3
0
0
Works
65
33
9
23
12
21
0
4
Consultancy
33
20
1
13
6
14
0
0
Non Consultancy
Subtotal GOT
Funding
10
0
6
2
0
0
0
0
128
58
18
50
20
38
0
4
2235
1886
272
77
566
1319
252
28
PARTICULARS
Contracts
in
Progress
Terminat
ed
Contracts
Basket Fund
Consultancy
Non-Consultancy
Sub-Total Basket
Fund
Earmarked
Financing
GOT Financing
Grand Total
The Summary Table above shows all procurement and contract management activities carried
out under WSDP for the period from 2006/07 to June 2014. The summary shows that:
29
Out of planned 2234 procurement and contract management activities, 1886 contracts were
awarded to successful bidders of which 566 contracts have been completed.
Total of 77 contracts have been initiated but not yet signed, 272 contracts have not been
initiated, 1319 contracts have been in progress, 252 contracts have been cancelled and 28
contracts have been terminated.
3.4.7
Safeguards Arrangements and Compliance
On Safeguard Management, the Ministry of Water has agreed to provide a second contract to
the safeguard adviser, starting early November 2014. The main tasks of the consultant will
include preparation of guidelines on best engineering practices which meets environmental and
social requirements of EMA and WB safeguard policies; and capacity building of safeguard staff
at MoW and IAs. This follows revision of the ESMF and RPF documents, which will be approved
for use during WSDP II implementation. During training of 71 safeguards staff from various
Implementing Agents (IAs) the revised screening form was tested using relevant parameter
(magnitude, Scope and Sensitivity of specific sites). The water engineers
and community
development officers shared their field experiences to determine CATEGORY of subprojects
from their locations. Out of 1077 projects screened from three components, 931 (89.45%) were
assigned categories ie. A= 12, Category B = 149, and Category C = 810 while 146 are yet to
be screened. Out of 931 projects, only 27 (2.5%) had resettlement issues. These projects will
be tracked using the revised template forms prepared by the consultant. Details on specific
category A projects is as follows:
i)
Chalinze Water Supply Project (CWSP) (Phase III): This is an earmarked project
financed by the Government of India with WSDP Basket funding the preparation of
safeguards documents (ESIA and RAP). A draft ESIA report has been submitted to the
Bank for review. However, according to the title and the project description of this draft
report the ESIA is covering the CWSP Phase II, which is almost completed. As such, the
exact scope and environmental and social risks (category) of the CWSP Phase III are
still not clear. Therefore, it was agreed that DAWASA will ensure that the ESIA covers
the proposed project design of CWSP Phase III and re-submit the draft ESIA together
with the draft RAP to the Bank for review by end of October 2014.
ii)
Lower Ruvu Pipeline (transmission main): This project is in the Basket fund but it is
100% financed by the government. According to the RAP a total of 424 people are
affected by this project and so far 407 have been fully compensated. However, the RAP
was not disclosed. The Bank requested that the RAP to be disclosed immediately. In
addition, there are 17 court cases and it is not clear if these 17 are part of the 424.
DAWASA should provide the Bank with a review of the resettlement and the status of
the 17 affected people whether they are included in the RAP or not. Accordingly, the
RAP needs to be updated and disclosed. The implementation review report of the RAP
will be submitted to the Bank for review and comments by October 31, 2014
iii)
Kimbiji/Mpera Well Field: The final draft ESIA reports were submitted to the Bank and
comments were provided to DAWASA. These remaining comments need to be
addressed and included in the final draft ESIAs report before the Bank can provide a No
Objection. Regarding resettlement, compensation started before the RAP was disclosed
on April 28, 2014 and the Bank therefore requested a review of the RAP implementation.
30
The consultant to do this review has been contracted and the final draft report will be
sent to the Bank by October 31, 2014.
iv)
Kidunda Dam: Design of Kidunda Dam and Access Road completed and draft unified
ESIA for the dam, hydropower and access road submitted on July 31, 2014. Final ESIA
will be submitted on October 31, 2014.
v)
Farkwa Dam: The mission was informed that based on concerns raised by the Bank and
local stakeholders, suggesting that consultations may need to be expanded, public
consultation was held in Dodoma on September 19, 2014. It was agree that by October
31, 2014 MOW would forward to the Bank a brief report containing the outcomes from
this public consultation. The mission again noted the importance of using the preliminary
findings from the ESIA including major issues raised by stakeholders as input to
decision-making regarding the final dam design. In addition to this, MOW should ensure
that the ESIA scope of work includes all ancillary infrastructure required for full
performance of the subproject, including the dam access road upgrade and the
installation of the pipeline to Dodoma. MOW informed the mission that the final draft
ESIA and RAP are expected to be finalized before the end of 2014 and will submitted to
the Bank for comments once it is ready for review.
vi)
Lugoda Dam & Maluluma Hydro Power: The ESIA/RAP work was put on standby for
almost a year due to the fact that the final design from the feasibility study was still to be
completed. The MOW informed the mission that as of September 8, 2014 the ESIA/RAP
team has resumed work. The ESIA inception report was submitted to the Bank for
review and comments were provided to the MOW.
vii)
The objective of the proposed project are the following: 1) regulating river flows during
the dry season; 2) generating electricity by constructing hydropower plant(s) and
expected to generate a firm power greater than 2 megawatts; 3) irrigation in Madibira for
a possible additional 3000 hectares; and 4) irrigation in the upper parts of the catchment
in Mufindi District especially in Sadani and Igomaa areas. The mission emphasized that
under the IWRM plans developed in Component 1, the geographic area around Madibira
is highlighted as one of irrigation-related water scarcity and the ESIA should therefore
take those recommendations into account.
viii)
The ESIA inception report highlights the fact that based on results from an estimation of
the potential reservoir volume and the possible run-off into the downstream area during
the dry season for the Lugoda Dam, these four project objectives cannot be achieved or
seem very unlikely to be achieved. Specifically, the ESIA Inception Report states that:
“Because of the results of this estimation, it is advised not to pursue the project as
originally planned but to reconsider and redesign it according to the actual conditions
prevailing in the project area”. To respond to this concern it was agreed that by October
17, 2014 the MOW would submit to the Bank an update on how these issues raised in
the ESIA Inception Report will be addressed in the final project design.
ix)
Expansion of Upper Ruvu Treatment Plant and Extension of the Transmission and
Distribution Mains: The Government of India finances this project but the preparation of
the safeguards documents (ESIA and RAP) is funded under WSDP Basket. The draft
ESIA report has been submitted to the Bank for review and it was agreed that comments
would be provided by October 10, 2014. The preparation of the draft RAP is still ongoing
and will be submitted to the Bank by October 24, 2014. The mission visited two of the
31
project sites and noted that construction works are already underway despite the fact
that neither the ESIA nor the RAP reports have been disclosed and approved by the
Bank. This is not in compliance with the EMA and Bank Policies and a safeguards audit
will therefore be conducted.
4
4.1
STATUS ON IMPLEMENTATION OF 8TH JWSR UNDERTAKINGS
Status on WRM Undertakings
Undertaking1: Commission and complete Water Resources management financing option
study.
Status: Implementation didn’t go beyond preparation of ToR because of lack of financing.
Undertaking 2: Preparation of water sources protection and conservation program.
Status: The water sources protection and conservation program was prepared through a
participatory approach and now it is waiting internal government approval.
Undertaking 3: Convene High level Ministerial forum for coordination of water resources
management and development.
Status: The first high-level meeting was conducted on 22 nd Nov 2013. The meeting resolved
that the concept note on water resources management and development be developed. Draft
concept Note has been developed and circulated for sharing within MoW.
4.2
Status on RWSS Undertakings
Undertaking 4: Enhancement of WPM and finalization of activities including Capacity Building
to implementing agencies.
Status: Training on the WPM including the use of GPS for updating new water points has been
done to all LGAs. Pilot updating using WEOs and DWEs has been done with support from
WaterAid in six LGAs. A water point mapping system review has been done with an
independent firm and key recommendations for improving both system and data credibility were
identified, discussed and agreed with the Ministry and other key stakeholders. A roadmap for
implementation of recommendations has been set out and agreed with the WPM contractor with
deadlines for October 15, 2014 and December 2014 depending on agreement on the definition
for water point functionality and availability of GPS equipment. Experience from training of
users’ show that LGAs will require more hands on practical training as opposed to class based
training in order to be able to use the system effectively.
Undertaking 5: Enhancing human resource capacity at RS and LGA for implementation of
WSDP and BRN initiative through undertaking of staff inventory, direct recruitment,
redeployment and service contracts.
Status: out of the 475 staff (125 Water Engineers, 150 Water Technicians Grade II and 200
Water Technicians Grade III) approved, 36 staff (24 Engineers and 12 Technicians) had taken
up their posts. The recruitment of the remaining 439 staff is still under processing by the Public
Service Recruitment Secretariat.
32
4.3
Status on UWSS Undertakings
Undertaking 6: Finalize gazetting of Small Towns and appointment of board members to small
and district towns in which WSDP urban projects are implemented.
Status: PMO-RALG has increased follow up and technical support on this undertaking. During
the Line Ministries Convention in Dodoma on 13th September 2014, it was agreed a specific
official will be assigned for this purpose. The result of this is a reduction of authorities operating
without boards of directors from 21 last year to 6, without counting those of which their
mandates expired because of time elapsing.
Undertaking 7: Encourage UWSAs to access loans from financial institutions
Status: Several meetings and workshop were conducted to encourage UWSAs to access loans
from financial institutions.
Undertaking 8: Enhance UWSAs capacity to engage in sanitation initiatives in their areas of
jurisdiction.
Status: Most UWSAs have included septic tank emptiers in their budget for this purpose.
4.4
Status on ISCB Undertakings
Undertaking 9: Finalize the enhancement of WSDP MIS
Status: MIS enhancements were completed as scheduled
Undertaking 10: Obtain permission for establishment of the environmental and social
safeguards unit within the MoW
Status: Proposal prepared and submitted to Government for approval.
Undertaking 11: Design a training Programme for WSDP
Status: After completing the Training Needs Assessment in April 2014, the training Programme
was prepared. However, its finalization has bee advised to wait the complete review of CD plan
because the training Programme needs to be part of the CD Plan.
Performance in the implementation of the 8 th JWSR undertakings is rated satisfactory because
out of 11 undertakings, 10 were successfully implemented. The exception lies with the financing
option study for component 1.
5
5.1
i)
KEY ISSUES AND LESSONS
Water Resources Management
IWRMD Plans finalization is a key aspect in ensuring integrated and coordinated crosses
sector demand management and water governance. There is serious need to ensure
33
that the 6 IWRMDPs are completed by December as promised and that the foundation
for ensuring they are prepared in all basins is laid and sealed;
ii)
IWRM needs broader stakeholder involvement at different levels. More emphasis is
needed on communication and outreach, especially through documenting WSDP I
lessons and success stories as a way of building up momentum for WSDP II; and
iii)
Climate Change adaptation need to be given more space during dialoging and
consensus building.
5.2
Rural Water Supply and Sanitation
i)
COWSO registration has been very slow! There is need to ensure that we send fund
transfers to LGAs with clear instructions for COWSO registration and capacity building
so as each LGA prioritizes it and the activity need to have its own KPIs and should
effectively be monitored; and
ii)
To improve infrastructure monitoring and general rural water supply data management;
updating of WPMS needs to be immediately prioritized at all levels.
5.3
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
i)
Out of 104 District and Small Town Authorities; 6 still have no boards and boards in 23
authorities have expired. There is need to expedite legal procedures so as to have
legally mandated boards for governance in all those towns;
ii)
NRW is still high in almost all major towns and old national projects. This needs
considerable amount of investment of resources to mitigate its impacts in concurrency
with other WSDP II priorities;
iii)
Water sources availability is an issue not only in urban areas but also in rural areas.
Protection and conservation needs to be prioritized during planning and budgeting; and
iv)
District HQs, Small Towns and National Projects implementation and managerial
capacities requires special focus if appropriate procedural and operational features of
envisaged investments is going to be executed.
5.4
i)
5.5
i)
Sanitation and Hygiene
National Sanitation Campaign is now being implemented in 162 LGAs and is making
steady progress. There is need to expedite more communication and collaboration of
MoW, MoHSW, MoEVT and PMO-RALG at National level; and between stakeholder
departments in all LGAs and RSs through a clear, easy to comprehend sanitation and
hygiene funds management guideline; followed with a harmonized monitoring,
evaluation and reporting template.
Programme Delivery Support
WSDP II is comprised of a wishful long list; it requires careful prioritization and
sequencing during next planning and budgeting cycles.
34