THE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
(equal chances for minorities, for
students with special needs, with risk of
social exclusion)
Authors:
Satiye & Şakir ERTUĞRUL
The Education of Disabled Students
If the students are disabled or if somebody has mental problems ,
they need to go to some special schools which has different and
special education systems. There are special schools for:
• Deaf and half deaf students
• Blind and half blind students
• Students who have mental problems or mentally disabled.
Education Institution for the Disabled in Turkey
There are five schools for the blind. They are in Ankara , Gaziantep ,
İstanbul and İzmir.They have dormitories. They have two prep classes
and five primary classes. In secondary part , they have normaly
secondary school curriculum. 18 deaf schools have dormitories , too.
They stay in dormitories. Apart from this, there are students who stay
with their parents, not in dormitories .At the deaf school , students
have two prep classes and 6 year-primary-education. Special skills are
taught to the students.Counseling and Research Centre choose the
students for these schools for special education.
Education for Mentally Disabled Children
In Turkey goverment opened some
centres for these people.They can stay there
forever.During days they can learn sewing
and handcraft or they learn making , creating
something. Teachers take them picnic or they
are taken to swimming. They can learn single
sport activities.These centres have dormitories
so they stay there at nights.Their nurses and
staffs look after them both day and night.
In these centres there are teachers who
teach them body care, counting numbers and
simple mathematic problems reading and
writting, too.
The most important thing is to educate
them to look after themselves without help.
The students who are educated at such education centres can work at
Simple workshops to produce simple handcraft like sewing carpets or simple
montages of some goods under the control of their teachers .
The Education of the Children who can’t adapt the Society
There are some children who have mental balance problems. Sometimes
their balance may be corrupted because of the family relation. Some of
these children can be aggressive or pessimistic and introverted. If they have
serious problems psychiatrists , pedagolists and special educationists help
them together in the special centres. If these children need medicine under
the control of the doctors , they are given medicine or if they need therapy ,
it is given them by the specialists.
In these special education centers, experts create relaxation place for
from unhappy family atmosphere for these children. Specialists try to built
sincere relations with these children. They are careful on preparing the
school atmosphere helpful and sincere for the students.
The Education of the Children who are Physically Disabled
Some of these disabled children
can go to normal schools with
crutches or wheel chairs .They can
share all activities by the help of
modern devices and tools like
special pens, special typewriters
and special computers.
The Blind Children
We use Braille Alphabet
which has some embossed
spots for the blind.Blind
children can read the books
written with the Braille
alphabet with their fingers.
They can also write
whatever they want with the
Braille alphabet. They can
have information using the
speaking books. Now, they
can use computer for their
education. They use the
embossed map , abacus and
speaking calculator for the
maths. They can learn to
walk with the dog and stick.
The Deaf Students
If a student don’t hear, it
means that he can’t speak,
either. Because it prevents
communication. The teacher
have different ways to teach
them. Students are taught
looking at lips and triying to
understand what they mean.
They learn how to use their
lips and begin to speak. They
use body language, too.
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