Building Sustainable Rice Data and
Information System in Africa
Aliou Diagne
Program Leader & Impact Assessment Economist
Policy and Impact Assessment Program
Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
CARD 2nd Group Countries NRDS Development Workshop
Cotonou, Benin
5 - 9 July, 2010
Outline
• Background
• Project objectives
• Institutional arrangements and implementation
• Countries’ survey designs and data
• Progress to date
• Preliminary Results
• Perspectives
Background
1. December 2007 Consultative Workshop on “Fostering the
Exchange of Statistical Data and Information on the Rice
Economies of AfricaRice Member States»
2. Follow up on the December 2007 Workshop
recommendations:
– Establishment of National consultative framework for
rice data harmonization in pilot countries (Burkina Faso,
Cote d’ Ivoire, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal),
– Joint publications of rice data and information.
3. Implementation of a Regional Strategy for rice data and
information: Emergency Rice Data System.
Emergency Rice Data System for
Sub Saharan Africa
• The project works with NARES partners in the 21 CARD
candidate countries:
- Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African
Republic, Côte d’Ivoire, DR Congo, Guinea,
Madagascar, Mali, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo, Gambia,
Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sierra
Leone, Tanzania and Uganda
• The project addresses the need for better quality rice
data in all of the 21 CARD candidate countries to
support the implementation and monitoring of national
rice development strategies,
Emergency Rice Data System for
Sub Saharan Africa
Project Objectives:
1. Strengthen the capacity of national agricultural
statisticians and NARS scientists on best practices on
agricultural survey design, sampling methodology for rice
data collection and statistical analysis and publication,
2. Harmonize rice data collection methodologies,
3. Collect, process, analyze and publish updated Nationally
representative rice statistical data in 21 countries in SubSaharan Africa,
4. Publish policy briefs based on these data.
Organization and Implementation of
Project Activities
• Implemented the same way in all the 21 countries,
• Executed jointly by the NARS and the NASS,
• Designed to build a close and durable collaboration
between the NARS and the NASS in each country to
ensure the regularity of data collection,
• Responsibilities of each of the two national partners have
been clearly delineated and assigned with the
corresponding budgets to manage.
Organization and Implementation of
Project Activities
• Overall In-country project coordination by the National
Agricultural Research Institute (NARS).
• Design of the survey, data collection and processing by
the National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS).
• Questionnaire adaptation and training of enumerators are
the joint responsibility of both partners (NARS rice
researchers and NASS statisticians).
• Data analysis and publication are also a joint responsibility
of both national partners.
Organization and Implementation of
Project Activities
• Overall project coordination by AfricaRice: Two regional
coordinators hired.
•
Preparation of harmonized draft data collection tools,
tabulation plans and reports outline (English and French)
•
Technical support and backstopping to country teams by
AfricaRice
• Cross-country data analysis and synthesis by AfricaRice
• Organization of regional launching and Methodological
workshops.
The Launching Workshops: Outcomes
 In total, 45 participants attended these two launching
workshops including an expert statistician from AfDB and
a M&E consultant of CARD -- Only Mozambique was not
represented,
 In general, each country was represented by a NARS
agricultural economist and a statistician from the NASS
 Existing country data collection systems and sampling and
the draft of proposed harmonized rice data collection tools
were reviewed
 Countries Actions plans and Budgets were developed and
administrative and organizational issues related to the
country survey implementations
AfricaRice-AfDB joint Training Workshop on
the Methodology of crop-specific Surveys
Outputs
 Countries presented their data collection methodology and
shared with participants their experiences
 Two experts statisticians consultants reviewed and
commented on the various methodologies used by countries
 survey design options for collecting nationally representative
detailed crop-specific data were reviewed
 A technical report (in French and English) was written by
the consultants to serve as a guide for future crop-specific
surveys.
Survey design and data collected
Survey design and data collected
• Sampling Method and Sample Size
COUNTRIES
SAMPLING METHOD
SAMPLE SIZE
1. Benin
Sampling at 2 levels
1255
2. Burkina Faso
Sampling at 2 levels
760
3. Cameroon
Sampling at 2 levels
1200
4. Côte d’Ivoire
Sampling at 2 levels
3 325
5. The Gambia
Sampling at 2 levels
370
6. Ghana
Sampling at 2 levels
1120
7. Guinea
Sampling at 2 levels
1085
8. Kenya
Sampling at 2 levels
572
9. Liberia
Sampling at 3 levels
1500
10. Madagascar
Sampling at 3 levels
1606
11. Mali
Sampling at 2 levels
2 495
Survey design and data collected
• Sampling Method and Sample Size
Countries
Sampling Method
Sample Size
12. Mozambique
Sampling at 2 levels 492
13. Nigeria
Sampling at 2 levels 10,500
14. Central African Republic
Sampling at 2 levels 2140
15. Democratic Republic of Congo Sampling at 2 levels 848
16. Rwanda
Sampling at 2 levels 395
17. Senegal
Sampling at 2 levels 1863
18. Sierra Leone
Sampling at 2 levels 1300
19. Tanzania
Sampling at 4 levels 1050
20. Togo
Sampling at 2 levels 727
21. Uganda
Sampling at 2 levels 1537
Type of Information Collected
• NARS scientists’ (country/province level):
– Main rice growing ecologies (areas and constraints)
– Main biophysical and socio-economic constraints in rice
production in the country
– Information on improved rice varieties in the country
• Village level
– Main rice growing ecologies (areas, varieties, and yield)
– Main biotic and abiotic stresses (+frequency, area affected
and yield losses)
– Socioeconomics constraints (access to key input, post
harvest, product market etc.)
– Inventory and characteristics of all varieties in the village
– Village infrastructures and wages for different agric. tasks
…Type of Information Collected
• Farmer/household level:
– Knowledge and experience of main biotic and abiotic
stresses (+frequency, area affected and yield losses)
– Socioeconomics constraints (access to key input, post
harvest, product market etc.)
– Knowledge and cultivation of village varieties
– Seed access and management by variety (availability,
source and transaction)
– Rice area cultivated, production and sale by variety
– Land allocation and input used for all crops
– Assets (non-productive, agricultural, livestock, etc..)
– Food and non-food expenditures
– Access to communication (Radio, TV and mobile)
Project implementation: Progress to date
Project Implementation: Progress to date
 In-country project coordination units established with two
focal points by country (1 NARS & 1 NASS) by July 2009
 Signing of MoUs between AfricaRice and all NARES
completed in August 2009
 Transfer of funds completed for all participating countries
in September 2009.
 2 Stata 11 single-user licenses for data analysis purchased
and shipped to each country in August 2009
 Data collection completed in almost all countries by
February 2010
 Almost all country draft final reports sent to Africa by April
30, 2010
Project Implementation: Progress to date
• Status of country reports and databases
S/N
COUNTRY
REPORT
SENT TO
AFRICARICE
DATABASE SENT TO AFRICARICE
1
Benin
Yes
Yes, all modules
2
Burkina-Faso
Yes
Yes, all modules
3
Cameroon
Yes
Yes, all modules
4
Côte d'Ivoire
Yes
Yes, all modules
5
The Gambia
Yes
Yes, except questionnaire for scientist
6
Ghana
Yes
Yes, except Complementary and Scientist Questionnaires
7
Guinea
Yes
Only Producer Questionnaire
8
Kenya
Yes
Yes, except Complementary questionnaire
9
Liberia
Yes
No
10
Madagascar
Yes
Yes, except scientist questionnaire
Project Implementation: Progress to date
• Status of country reports and databases
S/N
Country
Report sent to AfricaRice
Databases sent to AfricaRice
11
Mali
Yes
No
12
Mozambique
Yes
No
13
Nigeria
No
Only part of Producer
Questionnaire
14
Central African Republic
Yes
Yes, all modules
15
Democratic Republic of Congo
No
Yes, all modules
16
Rwanda
Yes
Yes, all modules
17
Senegal
Yes
Only producer questionnaire
18
Sierra Leone
No
Yes, except scientist questionnaire
19
Tanzania
No
No
20
Togo
Yes
Yes, all modules
21
Uganda
No
No
Technical assistance provided by AfricaRice
•
Development of Standardized questionnaires and
Review of countries’ adapted questionnaires
•
Development of the enumerator guide, reporting format
along with a tabulation plan (in French and English)
•
Development of countries’ data entry templates (for
countries using Access)
•
Provision of Stata program codes to produce the tables
and conduct some of the statistical analyses
•
Field monitoring missions to the various countries
Preliminary Survey Results
Distribution of Rice Farming Households’ Heads
by Gender and Age
18 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique,
Nigeria, DRC, RCA, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
Distribution of heads of rice farming
households by marital status
16 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Nigeria, DRC,
RCA, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
Proportion of farmers by field size
11 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Madagascar, DRC, RCA, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
Rice Yield by Ecology: All varieties
Yield by ecology (t/ha)
3.80
3.229
2.359
1.858
1.553
0.925
Irrigated
Upland Upland with Lowland Mangrove
supplementary
irrigation
From village level
9 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Madagascar, RCA, DRC, Rwanda, Togo
Other
Rice Yield by Ecology: All varieties
Irrigated
Benin
Burkina-Faso
Cameroon
Côte d'Ivoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Kenya
Liberia
Madagascar
Mali
Mozambique
Nigeria
RCA
RDC
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
All countries
Upland
2.6
2.7
4.4
1.7
2.9
1.6
4.8
2.0
2.1
1.2
1.1
2.0
6.3
Upland with suppl.
irrigation
1.4
2.3
Lowland
Mangrove
2.9
4.4
2.8
2.8
All
ecologies
2.2
2.5
3.0
3.8
3.4
1.3
1.7
1.6
2.2
1.5
1.0
0.4
1.4
1.3
1.5
6.3
3.0
1.7
1.8
2.1
2.0
3.2
1.9
1.6
2.3
3.8
Average Rice Yield in All Ecologies
Average yield in all ecologies (t/ha)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
From village level
9 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Madagascar, RCA, DRC, Rwanda, Togo
To
go
Rw
an
da
RD
C
RC
A
as
ca
r
M
ad
ag
Gh
an
a
er
oo
n
Ca
m
o
aFa
s
Bu
rk
in
Be
ni
n
0
Rice Yield by Variety: All ecologies
Yield by variety (t/ha)
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Traditional
Improved
AfricaRice
NERICA
From village level
5 countries: Benin, Madagascar, DRC, Senegal, Togo
Improved
AfricaRice
non-NERICA
Improved
NARS
Other
improved
Knowledge and use of rice varieties
by farming communities
% knowledge of varieties
% farmers growing varieties in 2009
100%
100%
90%
90%
80%
80%
70%
70%
60%
60%
50%
50%
40%
40%
30%
30%
20%
20%
10%
10%
0%
0%
Traditional
Improved
AfricaRice
NERICA
Improved
AfricaRice
non-NERICA
Improved
NARS
Other
improved
Traditional
8 countries: Benin, Cameroon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, DRC, Rwanda
Improved
AfricaRice
NERICA
Improved
ADRAO nonNERICA
Improved
NARS
Other
improved
Major constraints in irrigated ecology
7 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, Madagascar, RCA, DRC, Rwanda
Major constraints in upland ecology
6 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Madagascar, DRC, RCA, Sierra Leone
Major constraints in upland with supplementary
irrigation ecology
5 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, DRC, RCA
Major constraints in lowland ecology
6 countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cameroon, Madagascar, RCA, DRC
Major constraints in mangrove ecology
4 countries: Benin, Burkina, RCA, Sierra Leone
Perspectives
• Further revision and update of Country and Synthesis
reports – Final reports due end of September 2010
• Support to country teams to conduct in-depth analysis of
data collected to:
‒
‒
‒
‒
Update the NRDS data and conduct ex-ante impact analysis,
Conduct rice research priority settings
Analyze competitiveness of local rice production
Publish papers and policy briefs
• Publication of data in Google Map and analysis of
aggregated data by AfricaRice
• Build on the partnership established by this project and
continue the work started for the next five years
Thank you