CHAPTER 9
Perspectives on
Learning in
Human Resource
Development
Chapter Outline
• Introduction
• Theories of Learning
• Learning Models at the Individual Level
• Learning Models at the Organizational Level
• Conclusion
• Reflection Questions
Theories of Learning
• Behaviorism
• Cognitivism (Gestalt)
• Humanism
• Social Learning
• Constructivism
• Holistic Learning
Learning Models at the Individual Level
• Andragogy: The Adult Learning Perspective
• Experiential Learning Model
• Informal and Incidental Workplace Learning
• Transformational Learning
Learning Models
at the Organizational Level
• Learning Organization Strategy
• Learning Organization and Performance Outcomes
Chapter 9
Reflection
Questions
1. Think about all the six learning theories discussed
in this chapter. Which is most attractive to you and why?
2. Think about the four learning models at the individual level
presented in this chapter. Which is most attractive to you/why?
3. How can the andragogy in practice model be applied to enhance
the learning that takes place through HRD?
4. Do you believe that organizations can learn? Or, are
organizations merely the sum of individual learning? Take a
position and explain.
5. If learning is a defining construct for the HRD discipline and
field of practice, how can learning be made more powerful in
organizations?