BIOLOGY I Chapter 9 Outline
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
For graded assessments, you will need to be familiar with the following terms: calorie, glycolysis, cellular
respiration, NAD+, fermentation, anaerobic, aerobic, Kreb’s cycle, electron transport chain.
I.
CHEMICAL PATHWAYS
A. Food provides living things with the _______________________________ they need to grow and
_________________________. What two things does food serve as? __________________________ &
__________________________.
B. What is the difference between a calorie and a “C”alorie?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________.
The process that releases energy from food molecules begins with a pathway called ___________________.
Does glycolysis require oxygen to proceed? _________ When oxygen is present, glycolysis proceeds
through two other pathways that give ________________________ energy. When oxygen is not present,
glycolysis proceeds down a different pathway called _____________________. Where does glycolysis take
place within a eukaryotic cell? _______________________ The two processes that require energy are
called ______________________ & _____________________. Glycolysis and the former two processes make up a
broad term called _____________________________________ by biologists.
C. During glycolysis, a 6-carbon molecule called _________________ is broken down through a series of
enzymatic reactions into two 3-carbon molecules called ____________________________. During this process
how many NET ATP’s are produced? ________________ What is the electron carrier that is involved in the
process of glycolysis? ____________________ What is the reactant and what is the product that involves the
electron carrier during this step of cell respiration? ______________________________________________________
D. What are the two types of fermentation? _________________________ & ____________________________.
Fermentation is said to be an ______________________ process because it does not require oxygen. What
are the product differences in the two types of fermentation? Alcoholic: _____________ & ____________
Lactic acid: __________________. What is the common product of these two processes? ______________ which
is a(n) _____________________________.
(STANDARD CLE-3210.3.2 & CLE-33210.3.3)
II.
THE KREB’S CYCLE AND ELECTRON TRANSPORT
A. These two steps of cellular respiration require oxygen and are therefore said to be
______________________. This is why respiration is used as a _____________________ for breathing. Why is
oxygen such an important part of cell respiration? _____________________________________________________
What happens during the Kreb’s cycle? ___________________________________________________________________
Why is the Kreb’s cycle also known as the citric acid cycle?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
During the Kreb’s cycle, _________________________ is produced and is exhaled on the breath. What
molecule begins the Kreb’s cycle? _______________________. What high energy electron carriers are
produced during the Kreb’s cycle? _______________________________ And what are theses two molecules
formed from? _________________________________ What is an important molecule during the several steps
that the Kreb’s cycle contains? _________________________________ Finally, which important general
chemical energy carrying molecule is produced during the Kreb’s cycle? ___________ and what is it
produced from? ______________
B. During the electron transport chain (ETC), high energy electrons are extracted from both
___________________ & _______________. This extraction is used to convert _________ to __________. During the
ETC, ______________ serves as the final electron acceptor. Where does the electron transport chain occur
in a eukaryotic cell? _______________________________________
C. Roughly, how many ATP molecules can be produced during aerobic cell respiration from one
molecule of glucose? ____________________________ Why do our bodies feel warmer after vigorous exercise?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
COMPARING PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELL RESPIRATION
Photosynthesis
Cell respiration
Function
Energy capture
Energy release
Location
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Reactants
CO2 & H2O
C6H12O6 & O2
Products
C6H12O6 & O2
CO2 & H2O
Equation
6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2
6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O
D. In the space provided below, replicate the above table. You will need three columns and six rows.
Fill in your sketched table with the exact information given above and on page 232 on figure 9-10.