Significant Factor of
Soil Forming in
Cache valley
GIS in Water Resources, Fall 2016
Utah State University
Plant, Soil, Climate Department
Hiroaki Shimada
Introduction
Japan
Hungary
Brazil
Utah (Logan)
Mongolia
Introduction
Soil forming factors
Sc=f(cl,o,r,p,t)
Climate
Organisms
Relief
Parent material
Time
(Jenny,1941)
Saor Sc = f(s,c,o,r,p,a,n,)+e
Soil
Climate
Organisms
Relief
Parent material
Age
Spatial location
e :estimated error
(McBratney et al., 2003)
Introduction
Soils as carbon pool
Inorganic carbon
33%
Organic carbon
67%
2,248 Pg Carbon in soil (0 – 100 cm)
K. Zamanian et al., 2016
Introduction
Objective
To estimate significant factors to soil forming
(especially focusing on movement of Carbon in Cache valley)
Study site and data
USDA Natural Resources
Conservation Service
USGS
NED 10m
Cache valley area, Parts of Cache and box elder counties,
Utah/ UT603/ Tabular and Spatial, complete
https://viewer.nationalmap.gov/basic/#productSearch
http://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/WebSoilSurvey.aspx
Methods
To calculate each properties from DEM
with ArcGIS (e.g. Hillshade, Drop)
To make table with Zonal statistics as Table
To plot data and make a trendline with Excel
Result
AAE:
Agassiz
Horizion Depth Range Cation Exchange
Effective
Capacity
Cation
Range
Soil
Exchange
pH Range
Capacity
Calcium
Range
Carbonate Range Gypsum Range Salinity Range Sodium Adsorption Ratio Range
0-7
7-18
18-22
10-25
10-20
---
-------
6.1 - 8.4
6.1 - 8.4
---
0-3
0-3
---
0
0
---
0.0
0.0
---
0
0
---
AAG2:
Agassiz
Horizion Depth Range Cation Exchange
Effective
Capacity
Cation
Range
Soil
Exchange
pH Range
Capacity
Calcium
Range
Carbonate Range Gypsum Range Salinity Range Sodium Adsorption Ratio Range
0-7
7-18
18-22
10-25
10-20
---
-------
6.1 - 8.4
6.1 - 8.4
---
0-3
0-3
---
0
0
---
0.0
0.0
---
0
0
---
ABG2:
Agassiz
Horizion Depth Range Cation Exchange
Effective
Capacity
Cation
Range
Soil
Exchange
pH Range
Capacity
Calcium
Range
Carbonate Range Gypsum Range Salinity Range Sodium Adsorption Ratio Range
Bradsha
w
0-7
7-18
18-22
10-25
10-20
---
-------
6.1 - 8.4
6.1 - 8.4
---
0-3
0-3
---
0
0
---
0.0
0.0
---
0
0
---
Horizion Depth Range Cation Exchange
Effective
Capacity
Cation
Range
Soil
Exchange
pH Range
Capacity
Calcium
Range
Carbonate Range Gypsum Range Salinity Range Sodium Adsorption Ratio Range
0-14
14-27
27-60
10-25
5.0-15
4.0-15
-------
6.1 - 7.8
6.1 - 7.8
6.6 - 8.4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0-2.0
0.0-2.0
0.0-2.0
0
0
0
Result
Percentage (%) x thickness of horizon [m]
Hillshade x CaCO3
Elevation x CaCO3
3200
y = -0.0076x + 1534.9
R² = 0.0013
y = 0.0026x + 67.005
R² = 0.003
200
2700
150
2200
100
1700
50
1200
0
-5.00E+02 5.00E+02 1.50E+03 2.50E+03 3.50E+03 -5.00E+02
5.00E+02
1.50E+03
2.50E+03
3.50E+03
Drop x CaCO3
y = 35.082x + 1E+06
10001200
R² = 0.0009
8001200
6001200
4001200
2001200
1200
-5.00E+02 5.00E+02 1.50E+03 2.50E+03 3.50E+03
Hillshade x OC
3200
2700
y = -74.084x + 73.294
R² = 0.0002
200
Elevation x OC
y = 3698.4x + 1460.2
R² = 0.0229
Drop x OC
8001200
150
y = 5E+06x + 1E+06
R² = 0.0013
6001200
100
4001200
2200
50
1700
1200
0.00E+00
10001200
2.00E-02
4.00E-02
6.00E-02
0
0.00E+00
2001200
2.00E-02
4.00E-02
6.00E-02
1200
0.00E+00
Not correlated
2.00E-02
4.00E-02
6.00E-02
Result
Percentage (%) x thickness of horizon [km] x area [km^2]
Hillshade x CaCO3
2700
2200
1700
1200
0.00E+00 2.00E-07 4.00E-07 6.00E-07 8.00E-07
200
Drop x CaCO3
y = -8914.2x + 72.182
R² = 3E-05
10000000
Drop
y = -3E+08x + 1523.2
R² = 0.002
Hillshade value
3200
100
y = -5E+11x + 1E+06
R² = 0.0002
5000000
0
0.00E+00 2.00E-04 4.00E-04 6.00E-04 8.00E-04
0
0.00E+002.00E-074.00E-076.00E-078.00E-07
CaCO3 [km^3]
CaCO3 [km^3]
CaCO3 [km^3]
Drop x OC
Hillshade x OC
2200
1700
1200
0.00E+00
5.00E-08
1.00E-07
Organic carbon [km^3]
1.50E-07
200
150
100
50
0
0.00E+00
10000000
8000000
y = -231694x + 72.31
R² = 0.0003
Drop
y = 2E+10x + 1502.9
R² = 0.0776
2700
Hillshade value
Elevation x OC
Elevation [m]
Elevation [m]
Elevation x CaCO3
y = 35.082x + 1E+06
R² = 0.0009
6000000
4000000
2000000
5.00E-05
1.00E-04
1.50E-04
0
0.0E+001.0E+032.0E+033.0E+034.0E+035.0E+03
Organic carbon [km^3]
Not correlated
OC [km^3]
Things to be done
To try another tools and estimation
(please give me suggestions…)
Thank you for your attention
Questions
Slope
Questions