10th Grade Biology Benchmark Study Guide:
Name____________________________________
Period__________ Date
Multiple Choice: (2 points each)
1. Which structure is paired with its primary function?
4. Based on the diagram below, indicate what
kind of transport (active or passive) would be
needed:
Use the following image to answer Question 2
A. To bring molecule B INTO the cell:
____________________
B. To move molecule B OUT OF the cell:
____________________
C. To bring molecule A INTO the cell:
____________________
D. To move molecule A OUT OF the cell:
____________________
5. Active transport requires cellular energy
(__________) to occur. Passive transport does not.
2. Which population would increase most if the insects
were eliminated?
Use your knowledge of biology and PROCESS OF
ELIMINATION to answer question 6.
A. decomposers
B. producers
C. primary consumers
D. secondary consumers
3. What is the length of the caterpillar shown below:
a. A. In centimeters _______________
B. In millimeters________________
6. Which two structures in the diagrams above share
a similar function?
A. A and G
B. C and H
C. B and G
D. D and F
Use the diagram below to answer question 7.
A biological process that occurs in plants is
represented below. Use the diagram to answer
question 10-11.
9. Use the diagram above to complete the
information in the table below.
7. A stomata in the lower surface of the leaf has a
function most similar to the function of which cell
structure (organelle)?
__________________________________________
Use the information below to answer question 8.
Thrips are insects that feed on the pollen and
flowers of certain plants. The size of a thrip
population depends on the number of flowers
available.
8. Which graph best represents changes in a
population of thrips if winter was longer than usual
and the summer was too cool and dry for many
flowers to bloom?
Substance/Chemical
A
B
C
D
10. The chemical process shown above can be
correctly identified as
______________________________________.
11. Use the diagram below to complete the
information in the table.
Organelle
A
B
C
D
Function
Corals come in about 1,500 known species-from
soft swaying fans to stony varieties with hard
skeletons that form reef bases. They are made up of
polyps, tiny animals that live in colonies and feed at
night on microscopic plants and creatures. The
coral’s surface is the living part, with color infused
by single-celled algae called zooxanthellae that live
in polyp tissue. The algae act like solar panels,
passing energy to the coral as they photosynthesize
while feeding on the coral’s waste.
Extremely sensitive, corals survive in a narrow
range of temperature, sunlight, and salinity. An
uncommonly severe El Nino in 1998 raised ocean
temperatures and changed currents, causing
bleaching that devastated reefs worldwide.
Scientists say parts of the Indian Ocean lost up to
90 percent of corals, The bleaching struck reefs
around the Persian Gulf, East Africa, Southeast
Asia, and the Caribbean. Some recovered. Many
died. …
Use the information in the passage above to
answer Question 12.
12.The relationship between the polyps and the
zooxanthellae can best be described as ___.
A. negative for both
B. neutral for both
C. positive for both
D. negative for one and positive for others.
Read the passage below to answer questions 13a13b.
In the 1980s, global deforestation was estimated at
17 to 20 million hectares per year, an area the size
of Great Britain. Today, the area affected by
deforestation has decreased significantly in some
regions of the world through the use of sustainable
forest management. However, there are still regions
of the world affected by wide-scale deforestation,
because of the short-term economic benefits. The
harmful effects of deforestation on regional and
worldwide climate and ecology continue as forest
areas are destroyed.
13a. What has happened to deforestation over the last
twenty years?
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
13b. Based on your knowledge of the relationship
between plants and other species, why is
deforestation so harmful?
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
14. How does deforestation affect levels of carbon in
the atmosphere?
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Use the information in the table below to answer
Question 15.
The amount of expansion of the dough in each
cylinder was measured after 15 minutes. The
results are shown in the data table below.
15a. What is the independent variable?
___________________________________
15b. What is the dependent variable?
___________________________________
15c. Make a conclusion statement about how water
temperature affects volume of bread dough:
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
16. A valid inference based on the data shown below
is that ___.
A. most photosynthetic organisms live below a depth
of 150 cm
B. oxygen production increases as photosynthetic
organisms move deeper in the lake
C. photosynthetic organisms respond to changing
light levels
D. photosynthetic organisms move up and down to
increase their rate of carbon dioxide production
17. Use the graphic organizer below, to complete the
missing information in the table below.
20. Describe the relationship between the lungs and
heart? _____________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
21. How does an enzyme affect the rate of a
reaction? __________________________________
Use the diagram below to answer question 22.
Type of Cell
A
B
C
D
E
18. How do vaccines work to protect people from
viruses?
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
19. What type of solution does the following illustration
represent?
___________________________________________
22. Identify the stages of the human immune
response shown at each number?
1
2
3
23. How are viral infections transmitted?
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Use the diagram below to answer question 24.
27. Which body system is responsible for
communication with and controlling all other body
systems?
_________________________________________
28. What will happen to the rate of photosynthesis
and glucose production in the area covered by black
paper?
24. If the flowering plants receive a total of 10,000
kcal/m2 of energy, how many total kcal/m2 of energy
to the secondary consumers in this energy pyramids?
___________________________________________
25. Describe 2 mechanisms the body uses to cool
itself in order to maintain homeostasis:
1. ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Use the following diagram to answer number 26.
25. Crawfish are one of the many invertebrates in
lake food web shown below. Given the information in
this food web, which change would most likely cause
an increase in the crawfish population in the lake?
____________________________________
__________________________________________
26. How is atmospheric nitrogen converted to nitrogen
compounds by living organisms?
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________