A2 MILK- IMPACT ON NUTRITION
AND SUSTAINABILITY
STATE OF THE SCIENCE AND THE WAY FORWARD
JACOBUS STRYDOM
FOOD AFRICA (PTY) LTD
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
A2 MILK – FACTS & OPPORTUNITIES
• TYPES OF PROTEINS IN MILK
• POLYMORPHISM IN BETA CASEIN – A1 & A2
• RELEASE OF BIOACTIVE PEPTIDE
• LINK TO DISEASE
• BCM7 --- ANTI-NUTRITIONAL FACTOR?
• SPRINGBOARD TO SUSTAINABILITY
MILK PROTEINS
• CASEINS
• ALPHA S-1 & 2 CASEIN
• BETA CASEIN
• KAPPA CASEIN
• WHEY PROTEINS
• ALPHA LACTALBUMIN
• BETA LACTOGLOBULIN
• IMMUNOGLOBULINS
• ENZYMES & BACTERIOSTATIC PROTEINS
• LACTO -FERRIN, LACTO-PEROXIDASE, PHOSPHATASE, LYSOZYME…..
MILK PROTEINS
β-CASOMORPHIN – 7
BCM 7 LINKS TO DISEASE
• JUVENILE DIABETES
• AUTISM & SCHIZOPHRENIA
• SIDS
• DELAYED PSYCHOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT
• ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE IN ADULTS
• DIGESTIVE DISCOMFORT, CONSTIPATION
TIMELINE
1995
IHD MORTALITY & JUVENILE (0-14a) DM
LAUGESON, ELLIOTT, MACLACHLAN
1999
AUTISM & SCHIZOPHRENIA
SUN et al.
2003
SIDS HYPOTHESIS
SUN et al.
2004
NZ FOOD SAFETY REPORT
SWINBURN
2006
OXIDISED LDL - DIRECT EVIDENCE
STEINEROVA et al.
2007
DEVIL IN THE MILK
WOODFORD
2009
EU FOOD SAFETY REPORT
8 AUTHORS
2009
DELAYED DEVELOPMENT - DIRECT EVIDENCE
KOST et al.
2011
SIDS – DIRECT EVIDENCE
WASILEWSKA et al.
2011
BOVINE BCM7 IN LACTATING MOTHERS
KOSTYRA et al.
DNA DATA & NEW TESTING
• ROUTINE TEST ALREADY AVAILABLE
• ANIMALS ARE TESTED, NOT THE MILK
• PHENOTYPE FOLLOWS GENOTYPE (NEITHER A DOMINANT NOR RECESSIVE TRAIT)
• IE. A2/A1 HETEROZYGOUS COW PRODUCES 50% A2 MILK AND 50% A1 MILK
• BASED ON USING ONLY A2 SEMEN – 10 YEARS TO CONVERT TO ALMOST 100% A2
• BREEDING SOCIETIES: BULLS’ GENETIC STATUS GENERALLY KNOWN
WHY REGULATE?
• EXAMPLE OF PASTEURISATION:
• REQUIRED EFFORT AND COST
• BENEFIT WAS SO HUGE IT BECAME THE LAW
• REGULATING TO ACHIEVE 100% A2/A2
• RESPONSIBLE / ORGANISED APPROACH
• FOOD SAFETY BASIS
• COST IS MINOR COMPARED TO PASTEURISATION
• NO CONSUMER EDUCATION NEEDED
WHAT’S NEXT?
• SCIENTIFIC RISK ASSESSMENT PROGRAM:
• CAUSATIVE AGENT (ALREADY KNOWN: BCM 7)
• DETERMINE DOSE – RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP
• EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
• RISK CHARACTERISATION
• YOPI
• INFANT FORMULA – CASEIN FREE / WHEY BASED VARIETIES
• LACTATING MOTHERS
LINK TO SUSTAINABILITY
• REGULATE NOW:
• BAN IMPORTATION & SALE OF A1 GENETICS
ASAP
• EVALUATE LOCAL BREEDING STOCK (DESK-TOP & LAB)
2017 - 2022
• REGULATE TO CONVERT TO 100% A2/A2 BY 2022
2018
• BAN IMPORTATION OF A1 DAIRY PRODUCTS
2022
• ESTABLISH SA AS WORLD LEADER
A2 - SUMMARY
• THE SCIENCE IS REAL
• FOOD SAFETY
• DO SCIENTIFIC RISK ASSESSMENT (IN SA CONTEXT)
• ENSURE IT BECOMES A NON-ISSUE THROUGH WISE REGULATORY SUPPORT
• TAKE THE LEAD!
• SUPPORT INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
• LINK TO SUSTAINABILITY
THANK YOU
[email protected]
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