Staff capacity building for dairy
development from Pant Nagar
University
12-14 August 2013
Welcome by G.K. Singh, Dean, College of
Veterinary and Animal Sciences
• Welcome the participants
• History of development of this university
• Present conditions of Uttarakhand (UK)
– Agriculture- scarce land
– Dairy –next option for livelihood
– Migration
• What are important constraints of dairy development in UK
–
–
–
–
•
•
Less productive local breeds
Scarcity of quality feed
Difficulty in marketing- economies of scale
Diseases
First time with ILRI-field staffs- will be good to have reflection of
field conditions
Will do all support for any ILRI project in these region
Welcome address by Dean
Participants with Dean and
co-ordinator, extension
Training schedule
Date
Time
Topic
speaker
12.08.2013
9.30-10.30
Registration and visit to college information centre
Dr.Avadhesh Kumar, dept of AH ext
and Edu
10.30-11.00
Inauguration of the training programme
D.G.K.Singh, Dean
11.00-12.30
Challenges and strategies the dairy development in
UK
D.S.C.Tripathi, dept of AH ext and
Edu
14.30-17.30
Management strategies for dairy development in UK
Dr.D.V.Singh & Dr. Sanjay Sharma,
Dept of LPM
9.30-12.30
Feeding of dairy animals and strategies to combat
the scarcity of feed and fodder in UK
Dr.Anil Kumar & Dr. B.C. Mondal,
Dept of Animal Nutrition
14.30- 16.00
Prevention and control of diseases in dairy animals
Dr.Nidhi Arora, Dept of clinical
medicine
16.00- 17.30
Economic assessment of dairy farming
Dr.D. Bardhan, Dept of livestock
economics
9.30-11.00
Health management of dairy animals
Dr.J.L.Singh, dept of clinical
medicine
11.00-12.30
Management of parasitic diseases in dairy animals
Dr.Stuti Vats, Dept of
vet.Parasitology
14.30-16.00
Reproductive health management of dairy animals
Dr.Shiv Prasad, Dept of OG
16.00-17.00
Feedback and valedictory of training programme
Dr.Avdhesh Kumar, Dept of vet ext
and edu
17.00-18.30
Dairy farm visit
Dr.Thanammal, ILRI
13.08.2013
14.08.2013
Challenges-strategies-Dairy Devt
Dr.Tripathi
• Status
– Consumption pattern changing
– Demand in next 30 yrs,
• Agri- 32%, horticulture- 104%, fisheries- 132%, imp Livestock/AH-154%, so more
demand for LV products
– In UK-land scarcity- barren land increased
– Livestock population increased but % decreased, increased buffaloes
– But decreased productivity of dairy animals
– GDP-Milk-77% and dung-12%- importance of dung
• Challenges
– Lack of good germ plasm management- lack of good breeds
– Scarcity of feed and insufficient nutrition for milk production (36%-dry fodder, 50%green fodder, 65%-concentrates)
– Wastage of feed and fodder due to lack of manger/ground feeding
– Diseases- loss of production
Challenges-strategies-Dairy Devt
Dr.Tripathi
•
•
•
Strategies
Breed
– Breed improvement policy for different states
– Maintenance of good breed germplasm
– Research with universities for pedigree improvement
– Stepwise breed improvement plan in UK
Feed
– Balanced feed with concentrates in feed
– Chaffing fodder/ promotion of manger feeding
– Feed supplements
– Sourcing good grass seeds for feed scarcity like Napier
• Health care
– Training of local people for first aid and AI practice
– His study shows budget for animal health decreased over years
– First aid and treatment camps
Management strategies for dairy devt
Dr.D.V.Singh & Dr.Sanjay Sharma
• What is management
– No waste of resources
– Efficient use of resources for maximum output
• Discussion of feed and shed management
• Status-feed (“energy generated is energy conserved”)
–
–
–
–
Very scarce land
More labour for collection of fodder
Wastage of fodder
Lack of green fodder year round
• Status- shelter
–
–
–
–
–
Animals need comfort for production/rest
Less space
Cleanliness is questionable
Taboos- closed house, nobody can see the animals etc
More ammonia gas reported these shelters of UK-decreased productionstress
Management strategies for dairy devt
Dr.D.V.Singh & Dr.Sanjay Sharma
•
Strategies
– Show farmers how to save fodder- wastage prevention demonstration through chaffing
fodder- manager practice- similar studies done in KVK in UK (ask detail later)
– Planning year round green fodder- barley/napier etc
– Demonstration of good housing management
– Getting confidence of old and traditional farmers-respect their views and include in
interventions
– Replacement of low yielding dairy animals through breed improvement
– Involve farmers in research-action research
– Table given for right approach of breed improvement for different altitudes
– Decrease the calving interval through breeding plan- farmers has to be given capacity building
in breed improvements
– Importance of feeding calf for decreasing the calving interval and first calving
– Identification of heat and right time AI importance
– Balanced feed ration
– Deworming management
– Mastitis prevention and controls measures
– Disease control- importance of vaccinations
– Importance of space or shelter comfort for regurgitation which is important digestibility and
for milk production
Feeding dairy animalsDr.Anil Kumar
• Importance of new-born calf feeding
–
–
–
–
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Onset of first heat
Fertility will be good
More milk production
Decreased calving interval
What is balanced feed?
Types of feeds
List of feeds
Importance of minerals
Importance of water
Importance of feed supplements
How to make concentrate mixture
Importance of oilseed cakes?
Fodder conservation techniques
Feeding pregnant animals
How to combat feed scarcityB.C.Mondal
•
Reasons for feed scarcity
– Scarce land
– Disasters
– Decreased rainfall
•
•
Alternates
Tree leaves
–
–
–
•
Mixed cultivation
–
•
•
Cereal, fodder grass and trees
Agro-industrial bi-products
–
–
•
Bhimal is good with high protein-18%?
Most trees have tannin content which decrease protein digestion-so limited quantity feeding
Bhimal less tannin
Straws-poor digestibility-lack protein
Need for supplementation with protein like soyabean cake, ground nut cake etc
Feed supplements
– UREA/Molasses- 100 kg wheat straw-1kg urea and 10 kg molasses
– Urea release nit in rumen, molasses for energy
Concentrate mix
– Grains-(30-35%) maize, bajra,oat, millet, barley
– Grain bi-products- (20-25%) rice and wheat bran
– Minerals and vits- (2%)
– Agro-ind bi-products- (30-35%) soyabean, gn,mustard
– Salt- (1%)
– How much concentrates?
– For 13kg milk-1kg conc- increase 1kg for every 3 lts of milk
Prevention and control of diseases
Dr.Nidhi Arora
• Main diseases
• Causes, symptoms, tests/diagnosis techniques, basic treatments,
prevention and control for following diseases
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Mastitis
Metritis
FMD
Milk fever
Infertility
Tympany
Skin problems
Retained placenta
• How to identify a sick animals and importance of isolation of sick
animals from healthy animals
• Importance of vaccinations
Economic assessment of dairy animals
Dr.D.Bardhan
•
•
•
•
•
Highly technical? Not understood by staffs
How to calculate the economic profitability? Return minus cost
Definitions of all terms
They have done one research in Nainital area for economic profitability
They found dairy is not profitable if we include the labour, if labour is not
included its little profitable but as livelihood option? Need much
interventions on the feeding and breed interventions
• Ask for his study paper? later
Management of parasitic diseases
D.Stuti Vats
• Diff altitudes-diff type of parasites
• 2 types-external and internal
• Lifecycle, symptoms, tretamnet and prevention discussed
for major parasites
–
–
–
–
–
–
Liver flukes
Amphistoms
Tapeworms
Round worms
Blood protozoa-tryps, babesia, Theliria etc
Coccidiosis
• Deworming schedule
– Small ruminants-Nov-May-Aug
– Large ruminants- May-Sep
• Visit to Lab to see different type of worms
Visit to Clinics
Dr.J.L.Singh
•
•
•
•
Discussed on identification of sick animals
Importance of measurement of clinical parameters
70-75% problems related with feed and water
Visit to lab, clinical examination, x ray etc
Reproductive health management
Dr.Shiv Prasad
• Main parts of reproductive systems
• Identification of heat and importance of AI in right time to decrease
calving interval
• Management of infertility
• Management of important reproductive problems like retained
placenta, milk fever, meritis etc
Feedback
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Training was good- first time to know the different strategies and diseases
Need more days- may be 5 days
Some practical exposure to fields like fodder, dairy, feed and shelter managementlack of field exposure
Some classes can be in field- dairy feeding and management
Visit to near villages for the exposure for diff management practices will be helpful
Economic assessment- need training in simple way
It will be good to have some basic training for some farmers (innovators)
Pant Nagar can help in identification of good breeds?
Support needed for feeding trial in field (university promised that they will give
field research support- we have to write to them request with topics)- I will send a
detail request for feeding trial (fodder waste prevention and concentrate feeding)technical support for design of trial
Can have access to university for any data if needed
University did not charged extra for extra persons