Supplemental material
Production of novel applicable derivatives from biodiesel glycerin
Afshin Abrishamkar, Armin Isenmann and Amin Abrishamkar
DOI 10.1515/gps-2017-0028
Obtained spectra by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
The GC/MS analysis of the samples of two trials (at room and elevated temperature) was performed
after 2, 4 and 6 h and quenched in methanol. The relevant spectra are illustrated in Figure S1-Figure S4.
In Figure S1 and Figure S2, the main peaks at 23 min have been trimmed to the same height. The
elevation at very short retention times (< 1 min) gave very crowded mass spectra; therefore, this region
has been excluded from evaluation. In fact, there is clearly a shift towards longer retention time and this
implies a decrease in polarity with the reaction time. The splitting of the main peak can be due to
isomers or adducts on the glycerin.
In Figure S3 and Figure S4, the three curves have been adjusted to the same height of their base peaks at
23 min. In comparison with the eluograms of trial at room temperature (Figure S1 and Figure S2) the
peaks here are more symmetric and narrow, and thus, easier to integrate (and it might be attributed to
the possible slightly lower concentrations).
50.0e6
45.0e6
40.0e6
35.0e6
30.0e6
25.0e6
20.0e6
15.0e6
10.0e6
5.0e6
0.0e6
-5.0e6
5.0
7.5
10.0
17.5
15.0
12.5
20.0
22.5
25.0
27.5
Figure S1: Mass spectra for trial at room temperature (abundance vs time [min]), at three different
reaction times: 2 h (red), 4 h (blue), and 6 h (black).
60e6
50e6
40e6
30e6
20e6
10e6
22.00
22.25
22.50
22.75
23.00
23.25
23.50
23.75
24.00
Figure S2: Magnified mass spectra for trial at room temperature around 23 minutes (abundance vs time
[min]), at three reaction times: 2 h (red), 4 h (blue), and 6 h (black).
22.5e6
20.0e6
17.5e6
15.0e6
12.5e6
10.0e6
7500e3
5000e3
2500e3
0e3
-2.5e6
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
Figure S3: Mass spectra for trial at elevated temperature (abundance vs time [min]), at three different
reaction times: 2 h (red), 4 h (blue), and 6 h (black).
50e6
40e6
30e6
20e6
10e6
0e6
22.70
22.75
22.80
22.85
22.90
22.95
23.00
23.05
Figure S4: Magnified mass spectra for trial at elevated temperature around 23 minutes (abundance vs
time [min]), at three reaction times: 2 h (red), 4 h (blue), and 6 h (black).
Mass spectrum for reactants and products
The mass spectrum entries found in Wiley online library for reactants (glycerin, formic acid and urea)
as well as some of the products (glycidol, formamide and glycerin carbonate) are shown through Figure
S5-Figure S10. All the illustrated spectra are according to “Intensity vs. mass-to-charge ratio (m/z)”.
61
Int.
OH
43
HO CH 2 CH CH 2 OH
750
31
500
18
250
74
0
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
83
75
80
85
m/z
Figure S5: Mass spectrum of “glycerin”.
29
Int.
O CHOH
750
46
500
250
0
27.5
30.0
32.5
35.0
37.5
40.0
42.5
45.0
47.5
m/z
Figure S6: Mass spectrum of “formic acid”.
44
Int.
60
H 2 N CO NH 2
17
750
500
250
28
0
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Figure S7: Mass spectrum of “urea”.
50
55
60
m/z
44
Int.
O
750
CH 2 OH
31
500
15
250
55
73
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
m/z
Figure S8: Mass spectrum of “glycidol”.
45
Int.
H 2NCH O
750
500
29
250
0
27.5
30.0
32.5
35.0
37.5
40.0
42.5
45.0
m/z
Figure S9: Mass spectrum of “formamide”.
44
Int.
29
750
500
250
55
87
72
0
30
40
50
60
70
101
80
90
100
135
110
120
Figure S10: Mass spectrum of “glycerin carbonate”.
130
149
140
m/z