NATIONAL ISSUES REPORT
NAMIBIAN ENERGY SECTOR FOCUS ON MITIGATION
NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
AWARENESS-RAISING WORKSHOP
Safari Hotel, Windhoek, Namibia
23-25 September 2008
Detlof von Oertzen
Why energy is a key sector for Namibia
Liquid Fuels
LP Gas
Nuclear
Coal
Biomass
Hydro
Renewables
Primary Energy Carriers
Liquid &
gaseous fuels
Mining, agriculture,
industry &
manufacturing
Electricity
Power generation
Final Energy Forms
Consumer choices
Habitat & lifestyle
Mobility & leisure
Accessible & reliable energy is the key to economic growth.
Energy Sources & Uses - 2007
APPROXIMATE Total Energy Consumption by Source
Total ~15 TWh
Renewables
0%
Biomass
15%
Diesel & heavy fuel
oils
40%
Electricity
24%
LP Gas
1%
Namibia's Electrictricity Use by Sector (estimate)
2006 (excl Skorpion)
Mining &
processing
24%
Streetlights
1%
Domestic credit meter
16%
* indicates estimate
Namibia's Total Energy Use by Sector (estimate)
2006
Agriculture &
fisheries
4%
Water pumping
2%
Commercial,
industrial &
agricultural
45%
Domestic - prepayment meter
12%
Petrol: leaded &
unleaded
20%
Mining,
industry,
manufacturing
& commerce
27%
Domestic
9%
Transport
60%
Energy sector potentials for mitigation
Transport sector
• enhancing the fuel efficiency of the national fleet
• incentivising fuel switching to LPG/CNG & biofuels
• increasing the application of energy efficiency measures
Electricity sector
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•
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Energy efficiency and demand management
Baynes hydro-electric generation scheme
Lower Orange / Divundu Popa - small hydro schemes
Renewables: biomass, wind, solar, geothermal, wave
Natural gas
“Clean” coal?
Nuclear?
Key issues: investment & financial flows
• Vision 2030 & White Paper on Energy
• strategic direction of energy sector
• structural aspects: responsibilities &
support mechanisms
• incentives for energy sector developments
– taxes, tariffs and targets
• currency export caps
• experience re clean-carbon projects
• productive use of energy
Recommendations & Conclusions
• Energy needs to be treated as a crosscutting economy-wide theme
• Strategic direction & targets
– Energy Act & Energy sector regulator
• Tariffs, taxes & investment incentives
• Sector diversification
• Accessibility, reliability &
affordability