Waves and Electricity TEST
Study Game
Includes:
• Nature of Science (Variable Identification, Hypothesis Writing, Conclusions,
Graph and Data table interpretation)
• Waves (Light and Sound transfers)
• Magnetism
• Static Electricity
• Electricity
Energy (reminders)
•Mechanical –Emphasis on Kinetic and Potential, Sound
•Chemical (fuel, batteries)
•Thermal (includes heat transfers—Conduction, Convection, Radiation)
•Electrical (Circuits, Conductors/Insulators/Semiconductors, Voltage,
Resistance, Current AND an understanding of magnetism as
background)
•Electromagnetic (Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum)
•Nuclear- Fission vs. Fusion
DO NOT FORGET
It is my assumption you have reviewed the
study guide in its entirety prior to today
OR you will do this tonight. Anything
from the study guide is fair game for
your test, just like anything from your old
waves quiz is also.
1 Tally Questions
# 1 Becky holds a magnet near
an object on a table and observes
that the object moves away from
the magnet she holds. What can
you conclude from this
observation?
A. The object must be a magnet.
B. The object is not a magnet, but could
be made of iron or nickel.
C. The object is not a magnet, but could be
made of aluminum or copper.
D. The object could be made of plastic or
wood
# 1 Answer: Becky holds a
magnet near an object on a table
and observes that the object
moves away from the magnet she
holds. What can you conclude
from this observation?
A. The object must be a magnet. *
B. The object is not a magnet, but could
be made of iron or nickel.
C. The object is not a magnet, but could be
made of aluminum or copper.
D. The object could be made of plastic or
wood
# 2 Avery makes a circuit with a cell, wires,
and a buzzer. Which best explains the
transfer of energy.
A. Chemical energy from the cell, circuit closes
and it coverts to electrical, electromagnetic
energy for the sound/buzzer, and heat is the
unusable energy (wasted).
B. Chemical energy from the cell, circuit closes
and it coverts to mechanical, electrical energy
for the sound/buzzer, and heat is the unusable
energy (wasted).
C. Chemical energy from the cell, circuit closes
and it coverts to electrical, mechanical energy
for the sound/buzzer, and heat is the unusable
energy (wasted).
# 2 answer Avery makes a circuit with a cell,
wires, and a buzzer. Which best explains the
transfer of energy.
A. Chemical energy from the cell, circuit closes
and it coverts to electrical, electromagnetic
energy for the sound/buzzer, and heat is the
unusable energy (wasted).
B. Chemical energy from the cell, circuit closes
and it coverts to mechanical, electrical energy
for the sound/buzzer, and heat is the unusable
energy (wasted).
C. *Chemical energy from the cell, circuit closes
and it coverts to electrical, mechanical energy
from the sound/buzzer, and heat is the unusable
energy (wasted). *
ALL Classes-- Remember it is a FORCE
that creates a change (increase or
decrease) in the amount of energy….
Forces discussed so far are:
Contact (touching)
Non-Contact
Friction
Magnetism
Drag
Gravity
Applied
Elastic
Review these to see how they can change
the amount of energy in an object (noncontact is a small focus at this point)
#3
What are the 3 main subatomic
parts of an atom?
Where is each located? (picture?)
What are their charges?
Which is the smallest?
# 3 Answer
(- charge) very small!
Move around creating an
unbalance, allowing energy to
transfer
(+ charge)
(0 charge
neutral)
(contains the protons + and the
neutrons 0, so overall charge is +)
***HONORS—
Do you remember
• What charged atoms are called?
• What are they called if they are
negatively charged?
• Positively charged?
#4
Magnets
A.
B.
C.
D.
attract nearly all metal objects
neither repel nor attract metal objects
attract some metals objects
There is not enough information to
answer the question.
# 4 Answer
Magnets
A. attract nearly all metal objects
B. neither repel nor attract metal objects
C. * attract some metals objects *Only
those that are Ferromagnetic (contain
iron).
D. There is not enough information to
answer the question.
# 5 To make an electromagnet you
could
A. electrically charge a magnet by
rubbing it with a piece of cloth.
B. magnetize an electrically charged
object by rubbing it with a piece of
cloth.
C. connect a magnet in a closed electric
circuit with a battery
D. connect a magnetic material in a
closed electric circuit with a battery.
E. coil a wire around magnetic material
and connect it in a closed circuit with
a battery.
# 5 Answer To make an
electromagnet you could
A. electrically charge a magnet by rubbing it with a
piece of cloth.
B. magnetize an electrically charged object by
rubbing it with a piece of cloth.
C. connect a magnet in a closed electric circuit
with a battery
D. connect a magnetic material in a closed electric
circuit with a battery.
E. *coil a wire around magnetic material
and connect it in a closed circuit with
a battery. *You need a GOOD
conductor (wire) surrounding a
ferromagnetic material.
#6
A hypothesis must contain or strongly imply
which of the following?
A. Only the Test/independent variable
B. Only the Outcome/dependent
variable
C. Both the Test and Outcome
variables
D. Both the Test and Outcome
variables, as well as all the
constants
# 6 Answer
A hypothesis must contain or strongly imply which
of the following?
A. Only the Test/independent variable
B. Only the Outcome/dependent variable
C. *Both the Test and Outcome variables
(you need to know what data to change,
and what data to monitor/collect).
D. Both the Test and Outcome variables, as
well as all the constants
#7
• The two pictures below show a
change in WHAT? Describe.
• 1
• 2
# 7 Answer
The two pictures below show a change in
Frequency/Pitch. Picture 1 has a
lower frequency, so a lower pitch than
Picture 2
• 1
Tuba
• 2
Trumpet
2 Tally Questions
#1
Three different circuits were set up
during the experiment and each circuit
had a battery, an ammeter, and one or
more bulbs. All bulbs were identical.
What is the test/independent variable?
What is the outcome/dependent variable?
Name 3 constants.
What type of circuit is this? How did you know?
# 1 Answer
Three different circuits were
set up during the experiment and each circuit had
a battery, an ammeter, and one or more bulbs. All
bulbs were identical.
What is the test/independent variable? # of Bulbs
What is the outcome/dependent variable? Amount of
electric current (mA).
Name 3 constants. Battery (brand, size, voltage),
ammeter, bulb (brand, size wattage), type of wire,
circuit type (series/parallel), battery holder, bulb
holder
*This is a series circuit. The Current goes down as each
bulb is added. They are sharing the current.
# 2 Categorize the following objects as
conductor or insulator by using the letter:
Conductor
A
B
(nail)
E
C
(eraser)
F
(wooden
ruler)
Insulator
(Aluminum Can)
G
(Magnet)
D
(Paperclip)
(Wrench)
H
(Copper wire)
Do you know what water is?
Do you know which of these are FERROMAGNET
Materials?
Extra tally!!!
**(not expected to know)
# 2 Answers: Categorize the following
objects as conductor or insulator by using
the letter:
Conductor
Insulator
A
C
B
D
G
E
H
F
A, D, and G (all steel) are Ferromagnetic because iron is part of their
composition (make up). They can all attract a magnet or become
electromagnets with the help of H. BUT, it is the METAL that make
them conductors
#3
Match the following: (Write the
word, followed by the letter of the
definition it matches. Bonus 10
points if you can name all 3 units
each is measured in.
Voltage Electric Current Resistance
A. Flow of electricity (how much or many
negative charges or electrons are moving)
B. The amount of electric potential (the ability
of the current to move—how forceful).
C. When the current flows through ANY
material this slows it down
#3 Answer
Match the following:
(Write the word, followed by the letter of
the definition it matches. Bonus 10
points if you can name all 3 units each is
measured in.
Electric Current (A) Flow of electricity (how
much or many negative charges or electrons
are moving) *Measured in Amperes or mA
Voltage (B) The amount of electric potential
(the ability of the current to move—how
forceful). *Measured in Volts
Resistance (C) When the current flows through
ANY material this slows it down *Measured in
Ohms
#4
Just checkin…….
What does the LAW of conservation of
energy state?
#4 Answer
What does the LAW of conservation of energy state?
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed,
only changed, transferred, or converted.
Explain….how is this a law and NOT a theory?
A LAW is a statement or description of a scientific
phenomenon under certain conditions. A theory is
scientific (widely accepted and well supported)
explanation for an observation of a phenomenon or
pattern in the natural world.
Thus, the Law of CE states what happens to energy as it is
changed, though an explanation as to why this happens is
not given.
#5
Explain why light and sound travel at
different speeds through different
mediums. Include, specifically, which
needs a medium to travel through? Draw
pictures of the different types of media
(mediums) if that helps!
# 5 Answer
Explain why light and sound travel at different speeds through different mediums. Include,
specifically, which needs a medium to travel through? Draw pictures of the different
types of media (mediums) if that helps!
Sound needs a medium to travel through, meaning matter MUST be
present in order for it to exist because that matter has to vibrate (or
molecules have to bump into each other. The closer the molecules
are, the easier (and faster) sound is transferred.
Sound FASTEST
Sound Slowest
Light SLOWEST
Light FASTEST
LIGHT travels fastest with NO medium because matter forces light to
bend, refract, diffract or even be absorbed.
HENCE WE SEE THINGS (like lightening) and THEN HEAR THEM (thunder)
• Honors---Make sure you know and
can explain the Doppler Effect!
• What movement “seems to do” to
frequency of waves…
#6
Draw a picture of two transverse waves with
a change in Amplitude. Include what an
increase in Amplitude would mean for this
type of wave in real life. *Think
Electricity!!!!
# 6 Answer
Draw a picture of two transverse waves
with a change in Amplitude
SMALLER AMPLITUDE (SMALLER WAVE)
(DIMMER LIGHT)
LARGER AMPLITUDE (LARGER WAVE)
(BRIGHTER LIGHT)
#7—Honors only
If a circuit has a voltage of 15.2 (V)
and a current of 7.4 amperes (I),
what is the resistance (R)? Show
your work. *Round to the nearest
10th.
#7 Answer
If a circuit has a voltage of 15.2 (V) and a
current of 7.4 amperes (I), what is the
resistance (R)? Show your work. *Round
to the nearest 10th.
R=V ÷ I
2.1 = 15.2 ÷ 7.4
Resistance = 2.1 Ohms
# 8 Honors
A cell gives off 15 volts with a current of 3 amps.
How much power does each bulb receive in a
series circuit if there are 4 light bulbs? *You
have to have the right units!
Power = Voltage x Current
# 8 Honors
A cell gives off 15 volts with a current of 3 amps.
How much power does each bulb receive in a
series circuit if there are 4 light bulbs?
Power = Voltage x Current
45 watts = 15 volts x 3 amps
Series circuit with 4 bulbs, SO 45 watts ÷ 4 bulbs =
11.25 watts per bulb
4 Tally Questions
#1
Explain the difference between a
series circuit and a parallel circuit.
*Perhaps draw them!
#1 Answer
Explain the difference between a series circuit and a parallel
circuit.
In a series circuit, all of the components are in
ONE loop. Opening this type of circuit (broken
bulb, bad connection, etc.) will result in the entire circuit not
working. Also, each device has to SHARE the electric
current in that ONE loop.
In a parallel circuit, each electrical device has
its OWN loop; its own path to the source (battery).
Even if one loop is broken(or open) in a parallel
circuit, the electricity continues to flow in the
other closed loop. Also, each device gets its
OWN electric current…no sharing!
#2 – Honors only
What is the difference between a
conductor, insulator, and a
semiconductor?
#2 answer
What is the difference between a conductor,
insulator, and a semiconductor?
• A conductor is a material that current can pass through easily, like
metals.
• An insulator is a material that current cannot pass through easily, like
Plastic, Rubber , Glass
• A semiconductor is a material with an electrical conductivity that is
between that of an insulator and a conductor.
• Semiconductors can be conductors as well as insulators.
Temperature can alter their conductivity (Colder = More insulatorlike). The combination of different semiconductors produces devices
with special electrical properties, which allow control of electrical
signals. ….without semiconductors, there would be no radios, no
TV's, no computers, no video games, and VERY poor medical
diagnostic equipment.
Honors…
• The difference between conductors and
insulators can be explained by looking at
the number of free electrons in
them. Conductors have a large number of
free electrons which can carry charges
(they can move around easily), while
insulators have practically no free
electrons.
5 Tally Questions
FOR THE GROUP
Three different circuits were set up during the
experiment and each circuit had a bulb, an
ammeter (to measure electric current), and one
or more cells (C-cell). All cells were identical.
The experiment will show the relationship
between the number of batteries and the amou
of electric current in a circuit.
Part A: Write a hypothesis for this experiment.
Three different circuits were set up during the
experiment and each circuit had a bulb, an ammeter
(to measure electric current), and one or more cells
(C-cell). All cells were identical. The experiment will
show the relationship between the number of
batteries and the amount of electric current in a
circuit.
Part A: Write a hypothesis for this experiment.
Test V.= # of cells
Outcome V. = amount of electric current
(measured in milliamperes)
Hypothesis Example: If the number of cells in
a circuit increases, then the amount of
electric current will increase because there
will be more voltage to pull from in the
Part B: Below is the data table from the
experiment.
Now that you see the data, write a conclusion for
the results. Don’t forget to address your
hypothesis.
Amount of
electric current
Number of cells (mA)
1
42
2
65
3
80
Part B: Below is the data table from the experiment.
Now that you see the data, write a conclusion for the results.
Don’t forget to address your hypothesis.
Amount of
Number
of cells
electric
current (mA)
Our experiment purpose was to
determine of there is a relationship
1
42
between the number of cells and the
2
65
amount of electric current within an
3
80
electric circuit. My hypothesis,
If the number of cells in a circuit increases, then the
amount of electric current will increase because more
voltage to pull from, was supported. My evidence is
that when my circuit contained 1 cell the amount of
electric current running through the circuit was 42 mA.
When I increased to 2 cells and then to 3 cells, the
electric current also increased to 65 mA and then to 80
mA. Thus, a relationship between the # of cells and
mA was shown.
***Notice, this conclusion restated my hypothesis,
said whether or not it was supported, and then used
ALL data as evidence.
Bonus 10 points: What would this
look like in a graph? --Set one up.
Amount of
electric current
Number of cells (mA)
1
42
2
65
3
80
What would this look like in a graph? -Set one up.
Number
of cells
Amount
of electric
current
(mA)
1
42
2
65
3
80
Amount of electric
current (mA)
How the number of cells affects the
amount of electric current in a circuit
100
80
60
40
20
0
80
65
42
1
2
Number of cells
3
Discuss the Electromagnetic
Spectrum
• What type of waves transfer this energy?
• Give examples of parts of the spectrum,
and compare wave based properties.
Discuss the Electromagnetic
Spectrum
• What type of waves transfer this energy?
– Transverse waves
• Give examples of parts of the spectrum,
and compare wave based properties.
– See next slides