CHAPTER 6 MUSCULAR SYSTEM
STUDY GUIDE
1.
Know the 3 types of muscle and characteristics of each SKELETAL, CARDIAC,
SMOOTH
Muscle type
Voluntary /
Striations
Nuclei
Intercalated
Involuntary
disks
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
INTERCALATED DISCSMUSCLE FIBER-
2.
Know the 4 FUNCTIONS of muscle.
3.
Know the layers of skeletal muscle and the connective tissue around the layers.
LAYER
EPIMYSIUM
TENDON
APONEUROSIS
FASCICLES
PERIMYSIUM
MUSCLE FIBER
ENDOMYSIUM
FUNCTION
5.
Parts of MUSCLE CELL
Fiber part
SARCOLEMMA
T TUBULE
SARCOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
SARCOMERE
Z DISC
MYOFIBRILS
ACTIN
MYOSIN
I BAND
A BAND
Description / function
7.
Know the parts of a NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION.
SARCOLEMMA
T TUBULE
AXONAL
TERMINAL
SYNAPTIC
CLEFT
ACETYLCHOLINE
VESICLES
ACETYCHOLINE
RECEPTORS
8.
ESSAY PART ONE- Describe how DEPOLARIZATION occurs at a
neuromuscular junction. (what ions are used, how does it stop)
9.
ESSAY PART TWO- Describe how sarcomeres shorten in the SLIDING
FILAMENT THEORY (what ions are used, how does it stop)
BODY MOVEMENT
FLEXION
EXTENSION
HYPEREXTENSION
ABDUCTION
ADDUCTION
CIRCUMDUCTION
ROTATION
DORSIFLEXION
PLANTAR FLEXION
EVERSION
INVERSION
PRONATION
SUPINATION
OPPOSITION
PROTRACTION
RETRACTION
DEPRESSION
ELEVATION
ACTION / LOCATIONS
10.
Know the following terms. ORIGIN and INSERTION
11.
Know the following terms- PRIME MOVER (AGONIST), SYNERGIST,
FIXATOR, ANTAGONIST- be able to give examples
12
Know the ways that muscles are named. (7)
17.
Know what is meant by muscles being “all or nothing” contractions. Know how a
muscle DEPOLARIZES and REPOLARIZES
18.
Know what is meant by the terms: THRESHOLD STIMULUS, TWITCH,
REFRACTORY PERIOD, SUMMING OF CONTRACTIONS
19.
Know what is meant by RECRUITMENT and SUSTAINED CONTRACTIONS
20.
Know what is meant by the terms MUSCLE TONE and TETANUS
21.
Know the difference between ISOTONIC and ISOMETRIC contractions and
examples of each.
22.
What is MUSCLE FATIGUE and OXYGEN DEBT? What is the result?