Bloom’s Taxonomy
It was established in 1956 by Benjamin
Bloom
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Bloom's taxonomy:
• is an educational theory
And
• it classifies learning areas into
three domains
Three Domains:
1- Affective
2- Psychomotor
3- Cognitive
1- Affective
Relating to:
• attitude
Or
• emotional intelligence
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2- Psychomotor
Relating to:
• physical abilities
Or
• skills
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3- Cognitive
Relating to:
• knowledge
And
• thinking skills
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Within Cognitive domain,
there are six skills:
1- Knowledge
2- Comprehension
3- Application
4- Analysis
5- Synthesis
6- Evaluation
Usage of Taxonomy of educational
objectives (cognitive domain):
1- Provide classification of the goals of
our educational system.
&
2- To be helpful for teachers,
administrators, professional specialists
and workers who deal with curricular
and evaluation problems.
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
1- What is Knowledge
?
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
Knowledge includes those behaviours
and test situations which emphasize
the remembering, either by
recognition or recall, of ideas,
materials or phenomena.
(Boom et all., 1956, p. 62).
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1: Knowledge
Bloom’s Taxonomy
2- What is Comprehension
?
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
Comprehension represents the largest class
of intellectual skills and abilities. The central
feature of the act of comprehension is taking
in new information via some form
of communication.
2: Comprehension
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
Note: The taxonomy does not limit
communication to the presentation of
information in linguistic (verbal or written)
form. It can also be presented symbolically
or experientially.
2: Comprehension
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
3- What is Application
?
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
Application requires a step beyond
Comprehension. In Comprehension, the
student requires to know the abstraction
well enough.
3: Application
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
However, in Application, a new problem
given to the student, he will then apply the
appropriate abstraction without having to be
shown how to use it in that
situation.
3: Application
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
4- What is Analysis
?
Bloom’s Taxonomy
Remember two things,
1- In Comprehension, the emphasis is on the
grasp of the meaning and
intent of the material.
4: Analysis
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
And
2- In application, it is on remembering and
bringing to bear upon given material the
appropriate
generalizations or
4: Analysis
principles.
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
However, Analysis emphasizes the
detection of relationship of the parts and of
the way they are organized.
Analysis is divided
into
4: Analysis
three subcategories:
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
1- The identification or classification of
elements,
2- Relationships among elements,
And
3- Organizational
4: Analysis
principles that govern
elements.
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
5- What is Synthesis
?
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
Synthesis is putting together elements and
parts as to form a whole. This is a process of
working with elements, parts, et., and
combining them in such a
way as to constitute a
5:
Synthesis
pattern or structure which
did not exist before.
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
Generally, this would involve a
recombination of parts of previous
experiences with new material,
reconstructed into a new
and more or less well
5:
Synthesis
integrated whole.
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
6- What is Evaluation
?
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
Evaluation involves making judgments
about the value of knowledge.
6: Evaluation
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
By definition, evaluation is a form of
decision making, done at a very conscious
and thoughtful level, as
opposed to decisions that are
6: Evaluation
made quickly without much
conscious thought.
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Conclusion
Bloom’s taxonomy is an educational theory
which is divided into six skills: