What is CO2
• It is derived from Process waste and therefore not classed
as a GWP gas.
• CO2 is naturally Occuring Gas
• No - Ozone depletion potential (ODP)
• No - Global warming potential (GWP)
• No - Atmospheric life
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CO2 is colourless and odourless
CO2 is stored as a liquid in a cylinder
CO2 is for total flood and local application uses
CO2 is for unoccupied applications only as it is hazardous to
humans at the concentrations required to extinguish fires
How does CO2 work
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CO2 is discharged into an enclosure or directly on to the surface
requiring protection, and displaces the oxygen.
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CO2 reduces the oxygen level to below that which can support
combustion (the concentration varies depending on type of fire and risk).
Fire Extinguished
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CO2 creates a cooling effect on the fire and surrounding areas
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The minimum CO2 fire extinguishing concentration of 34% is NOT life
supporting
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CO2 is suitable for surface & deep seated class ‘A’ fires
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CO2 is suitable for flammable liquids & gas applications
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CO2 is suitable for live electrical equipment applications
The Benefits of CO2
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Clean agent
Proven components
Established technology
High availability
Low maintenance
Low/High pressure systems
Total flood/local applications
Initial and extended discharge
Class A,B,C and E fires
BS 5750 Quality Assurance
BS and NFPA design codes
Critical
temperature
69 Bar
Liquid region
Pressure - Bar
58 Bar
Solid region
Vapour
region
5.17 Bar
Triple point
Atmospheric
1 Bar
-79oC
-57oC
0oC
21oC
Temperature - oC
31oC
CO2 - Systems
‫فشار پائین‬
‫فشار باال‬
Total
Flood
Local
Application
Total
Flood
Local
Application
CO2 - High Pressure Storage
• Seamless steel cylinder - 45kg CO2
• 2/3 full liquid CO2
• 1/3 full CO2 vapour - 58 bar
• Reduced fill - tropics
CO2 - High Pressure Storage
Low Pressure Storage
• 20 bar @ -20oC
• Lagged pressure vessel
• Refrigeration unit
• CO2 bulk storage
• Multi discharge capability
Low Pressure Systems
• Bulk
• Mini-Bulk
Low Pressure Bulk Systems Advantages
• Wide range of storage tanks (680 - 54,430kg)
• Any fire control panel can be used
• Light weight valves + manual override
• Can be remotely located up to 150 mtrs
• Options for different power supply requirements
• FM approved option
• Total flooding, inerting, local application, extended
discharge systems, hose reel systems
Low Pressure CO2 Bulk Systems
Low Pressure Mini-Bulk Advantages
• FM Approved
• Wide range of storage tanks,159, 227, 363, 454 and 680 kg
(manifolding possible)
• Savings on footprint - max. diameter 112 cm for 680 kg tank
• Easy to service, no weighing (pressure gauges)
• Filling on site by CO2 bulk tankers
• Options for different power supply requirements
• Hose reel systems possible
• Stainless steel tanks
Low Pressure Mini-Bulk Systems
Total Flood Applications
High Pressure
Deep
Seated
Surface
Flammable liquid stores
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Gas turbines
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Engines
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Oil -filled switchgear
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Cable ways
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Transformers
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Total Flood Applications - cont’d
Low Pressure
Coal silos and ball mills/pulverisers
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Turbo-generators
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Cement pulverising & dust collectors
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Paint mixing
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Local Applications
System
High
Pressure
Low
Pressure
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Coating machines
Fuel transfer/lube oil pumps
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Grinding mills
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Aluminium & Steel rolling mills
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Printing presses & ink storage
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Quench tanks
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Manual CO2 hosereels
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CO2 - Design Basis
• BS - 5306 Part 4
• NFPA - 12
• Min. concentration 34%
• Electrical risks 50%
CO2 - Limitations
• Life safety - Above 5% hazardous
- Consider need for interlocks
• Heavier than air - Low level vent & purge required
CO2 - Other Limitations
• Thermal shock
• Static electricity
• Enclosure leakage
CO2 - Features & Benefits
• Simple technology
– High reliability
• Low cost gas
– Cost effective
• Clean agent
– No residue, no decomposition
• High pressure storage
– Cost effective < 1 tonne
• Low pressure storage
– Large systems, Tanker filling, multishot
• Local application
– Risk specific protection
• Total flooding
– Volume protection
• Non-corrosive
– Ideal for electronic systems
CO2 - Features & Benefits cont.
• Surface
– Rapid extinguish 1 min discharge
• Deep seated
– Only gas suitable
• Directional valves
– Central bank high/low pressure
• Extended discharge
– Leaking enclosures
• Hosereels
– Manual fire fighting
• Inerting
– Explosion hazards
• Naturally occurring inert gas – Long term availability worldwide
Summary
CO2 :
• Inert gas
• Available worldwide
• Clean agent
• Surface & deep seated fires
• Total flood & local application
• High pressure (58bar)
• Low pressure (20 bar)
CO2
SIMPLE
RELIABLE
VERSATILE
Cost effective fire protection for
unmanned applications
Applications
• Wormald has many years experience in the CO2 extinguishing
systems market around the World
• Some of the applications for CO2:
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Archives
Coating Machines
Commercial Fryers
Degreasing and Cleaning
Processors
Dip Tanks
Electrical Cabinets
Flammable Liquid Storage
Flow Coating Machines
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Floor Covering Machines
Lubricating Oil Plants
Printing Machines
Rolling Mills
Turbines
Spray Booths
Switch Rooms
Waste Disposal Equipment
And many more Commercial and industrial uses.