TONPILZ TRANSDUCER SIMULATION
Simulation of individual tonpilz stacks and tonpilz arrays
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INTRODUCTION
• Tonpilz devices are able to achieve a combination of low
frequency and high sensitivity in a compact package
• PZFlex is capable of simulating a wide range of tonpilz devices,
from simple stacks to complex multi stack arrays
• This presentation covers a range of capabilities:
– Simple wizard models
– CAD based model of a tonpilz stack
– 5x5 Array model using the same CAD design
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WHAT CAN BE SIMULATED
• Anything you can in reality, and more.
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Electrical Impedance and conductance
Mode Shapes
Pressure and displacement levels
Beam patterns
TVR
OCV
New materials such as single crystal and
lead free PZT
• Crosstalk
• Rear breakthrough
• Temperature rises
Experimental
measurements can be
easily duplicated in
simulation
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WIZARD MODEL
• Wizards are simple graphical tools that allow models of common
devices to be constructed very quickly
• There are a number of wizard models relevant to tonpilz design:
• As well as producing a range of standard outputs, wizards generate
PZFlex model files which can be modified by the user to customise
the design
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2D BOLTED RING TONPLIZ WIZARD
Wizard interface
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Resulting geometry
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WIZARD RESULTS
• Wizards allow many common outputs to be generated:
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Impedance / admittance
– Virtual hydrophone
Displacement / pressure output – Mode shapes
Virtual vibrometer
– Directivity
TVR / OCV
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IMPORTING CAD DESIGNS
• CAD geometry can easily be imported into PZFlex using Midas
FX+, a powerful FEA pre-processor
Solidworks model
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Meshing in Midas FX+
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PZFlex Model
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TONPILZ STACK IN AIR IMPEDANCE
• In air impedance gives a clear indication of device
behaviour at different frequencies
Main electrical
resonance at 17.3kHz
Additional
resonances at
37.0kHz and 43.6kHz
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TONPILZ STACK IN AIR MODE SHAPE
• Modes shapes help establish the nature of each mode
Main thickness
mode at 17.3kHz
Head mode at
43.6kHz
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ARRAY MODELS
• The CAD model of the tonpilz stack can easily be patterned into an array
• Array geometry can be controlled parametrically, allowing different
array designs investigated rapidly
5x5 array in water element
impedance
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EXTRAPOLATION OUTPUTS
• Kirchhoff extrapolation can be used to generate far field outputs
TVR
TVR (left) and
17.3kHz beam
pattern (below)
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Frequency (Hz)
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ARRAY MODE SHAPE
• Cross-talk can propagate through the array structure, and can be observed in
the mode shape videos. It can also be measured on adjacent electrodes
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EXECUTION TIME
Wizard 2D
3D Stack
3D Array
Elements
4,290
212 thousand
2.5 Million
Runtime
6 seconds
2 minutes 45
seconds
1 hour
Memory
5 MBytes
60 MBytes
1.5 GBytes
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SUMMARY
• PZFlex is ideally suited to analysing tonpilz designs, and is capable of
handling everything from simple 2D models to large 3D array designs
• Time domain outputs directly replicate experiment allowing direct
comparison
• The analysis tools integrated into Flexlab make it easy to analyse
designs and understand how they are performing
• Rapid execution of models makes it possible to perform large design
sweeps and design optimisation studies
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