Name ____________________________
Unit 5 EXAM REVIEW:
Plants and Animals are Interdependent
1. Which ecological term best describes the polar bear in the cartoon?
A. herbivores
B. parasites
C. carnivores
D. producers
2. Base your answer to the following question on the food web and graph
below. The graph represents the interaction of two different populations,
A and B, in the food web.
Population A is made up of living animals. The members of population B feed on these living animals.
The members of population B are most likely
A. scavengers
B. autotrophs
3. Nutritional relationships between organisms
are shown in the diagram.
The mouse population would most
likely decrease if there were
A. an increase in the frog and tree
populations
B. a decrease in the snake and hawk
populations
C. an increase in the number of
decomposers in the area
D. a decrease in the amount of
available sunlight
C. predators
D. parasites
Per ____
Name ____________________________
Per ____
4. A food web is represented below.
Which statement best describes energy in this food web?
A. The energy content of level B depends on the energy
content of level C.
B. The energy content of level A depends on energy
provided from an abiotic source.
C. The energy content of level C is greater than the
energy content of level A.
D. The energy content of level B is transferred to
level A.
5. What process is illustrated in the sequence below that occurs constantly in the
biosphere?
A. decomposer
B. producer
C. herbivore
D. carnivore
6. In a certain ecosystem, rattlesnakes are predators of prairie dogs.
If the prairie dog population started to increase, how would the ecosystem most likely regain stability?
A. The rattlesnake population would start to decrease.
B. The rattlesnake population would start to increase.
C. The prairie dog population would increase rapidly.
D. The prairie dog population would begin to prey on the
rattlesnakes.
7. Base your answer to the
following question on the
information and graph.
A population of paramecia (single
celled aquatic organisms) was
grown in a 200 -mL beaker of
water containing some smaller
single celled organisms.
Population growth of the
organisms for 28 hours in shown
in the graph.
One likely explanation for the
change in the paramecium population from 26 hours to 28 hours is that the
A. carrying capacity of the beaker was exceeded
B. rate of reproduction increased
C. time allowed for growth was not sufficient
D. oxygen level was too high
Name ____________________________
Per ____
8. Study the table.
An experiment is performed and the growth rate of bean plants is
calculated. The growth rate is determined by measuring plant height at
the end of each week. Which statement correctly interprets the data?
A. The growth rate is constant each week.
B. The growth rate is increasing each week.
C. The growth rate is decreasing at the same rate each week.
D. The growth rate is decreasing at a different rate each week.
9. The picture
shows the energy
flow through a
meadow
community.
Which of the
following
would most likely
occur to the
populations within
the community of
organisms
immediately after a
wildfire burns the
environment?
A. Hawks would increase and foxes would increase.
B. Hawks would decrease and foxes would increase.
C. Meadow plants would increase and rabbits would decrease D. Meadow plants would decrease and rabbits would
decrease.
10. A food chain is shown. For the food chain shown, which of the
following changes would have the most severe consequences?
A. a drastic decrease in rainfall, causing drought
B. the poaching of predatory hawks by game hunters
C. the introduction of a second predator that eats field mice D. a parasitic infestation that reduces the cricket population
11. A chemical pesticide was applied to an area of this ecosystem by a landowner to control the mouse population. There
was a decrease in the mouse population due to the presence of this pesticide. Which one of the following would most
likely occur first due to this change in the ecosystem?
A. The amount of grass would decrease.
B. The snake population would increase.
C. The rabbit food supply would increase.
D. The snake food supply would increase.
Name ____________________________
12. The available chemical energy in this ecosystem _________.
Per ____
A. decreases as it flows from consumer to producer
B. remains constant as it flows from consumer to producer
C. decreases as it flows from producer to consumer
D. increases as it flows from producer to consumer
13. Which one of the following is true of grass in an ecosytem?
A. It converts oxygen to glucose.
B. It produces carbon dioxide from oxygen and water.
C. It produces glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
D. It converts water to energy.
14. Which of the following groups receives
energy directly from all other groups?
A. decomposer
B. secondary consumer
C. primary consumer
D. producer
15. Use the diagram to answer the question that follows.
The letters in the diagram represent various species in a food web. Recall that in a food
web diagram, the arrows indicate the direction energy flows through an
ecosystem. Which letter represents a species that is most likely a carnivore?
A. letter a
B. letter b
C. letter c
D. letter d
16. What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?
A. They consume other organisms.
B. They break down dead organic matter.
C. They use the Sun's energy to make food.
D. They convert inorganic matter into organic matter.
17. Which food chain correctly summarizes the flow of energy through an ecosystem?
A. sun • rabbit • grass • fox
B. rabbit • fox • sun • grass
C. fox • sun • rabbit • grass
D. sun • grass • rabbit • fox
18. Which of the following pathways of energy flow would give the final consumer the smallest percentage of original
energy available in a food chain?
A. Grass → grasshopper → robin → hawk
B. Grass → grasshopper → frog → snake → hawk
C. Grass → mouse → wolf
D. Grass → mouse →snake → hawk
Name ____________________________ Per ____
19. A marine food web is shown. Which of the following diagrams correctly represents an energy pyramid from this web?
A.
B.
C.
D.
20. A simple food chain in a wetland is represented.
algae → paramecium → mosquito larva → trout → blue heron
An ecologist doing population counts in the wetland observes a drop in the number of trout over an extended period of
time. What change is most likely responsible for the trout decline?
A. migration of blue herons out of the wetland area
B. introduction of a predator that feeds on blue heron eggs
C. application of insecticides to wet areas where mosquitoes breed
D. implementation of new conservation laws to
protect the wetland
21. Which of the following receives the largest amount of its energy directly from the sun?
A. carrots
B. eggs
C. wolves
D. chickens
22. The diagram shows the flow of energy
through the organisms in a Maryland river.
Use the chart to answer the following question.
Which of these organisms are the producers in the
river ecosystem?
A. algae
B. minnows
C. trout
D. zooplankton
23. The same diagram above shows the flow of energy through the organisms in a Maryland river. Use the same chart to
answer the following question. Which level of the pyramid represents the largest percentage of available energy?
A. algae
B. minnows
C. trout
D. zooplankton
Name ____________________________
24. What is the lowest level of the energy pyramid that contains carnivores?
A. Level 1
B. Level 2
C. Level 3
D. Level 4
Per ____
25. The following diagram shows an energy pyramid for an area within an
ocean ecosystem.
How is the shape of the pyramid related to energy flow within the ecosystem?
A. Most energy is concentrated at the highest trophic level.
B. Energy is equally distributed among the organisms in each trophic
level.
C. Only a small amount of energy is available to organisms in ocean
ecosystems.
D. Only a small amount of energy from one trophic level is available to
organisms at the next highest level.
26. Which group shown in the energy pyramid is most immediately
affected by the decomposition of other organisms?
A. producers
B. 1st consumers
C. 2nd consumers
D. 3rd consumers
27. Which of the following is at the top of an energy pyramid?
A. herbivore
B. decomposer
C. producer
D. carnivore
28. In a food pyramid, which best explains why the number of organisms decreases from one trophic level to the next?
A. Consumers at the lower level require more energy that the top-level consumers.
B. Consumers at the top level require more energy that the lower-level consumers.
C. The consumers are feeding on larger organisms that have less energy.
D. The consumers are feeding on smaller organisms that have less energy.
29. Which best summarizes the order of energy flow in a food chain?
A. sun to decomposers to producers to consumers
B. sun to consumer to decomposers to producers
C. sun to producers to consumers to decomposers
D. sun to producer to decomposers to consumers
Name ____________________________
Per ____
30. A biologist collected the data shown in the table.
Which statement is supported by the data in the
table?
A. Populations do not vary from month to month
B. The populations are highest in September.
C. The grasshoppers increased in length in July.
D. Seasonal variations may affect populations.
31. Which ecological term includes everything represented in the picture
A. ecosystem
B. community
C. population
D. species
32. Bacteria and fungi are responsible for recycling nutrients from dead plants
and animals.
The graph shows bacterial and fungal activity in a grassland environment for
one year.
During which month will the most nutrients be ready for growing plants to use?
A. February
B. March
C. June
D. August
33. Jill assembles a closed terrarium that contains moist soil, rocks, green plants, and two grasshoppers. After observing
the terrarium for two months, she draws the following conclusion:
The terrarium doesn’t have enough consumers. Which supporting data most likely gave Jill enough evidence for her
conclusion?
A. The producer population decreased.
B. The producer population increased.
C. The consumer population decreased.
D. The decomposer population increased.
Name ____________________________ Per ____
34. Ashley thought that fewer seeds would grow in salt water than fresh water. To test her hypothesis, she performed the
following steps:
1. Plant ten seeds in a small container of soil.
2. Pour salt water into a container.
3. Place the container in sunlight.
4. Watch the container for five days.
After five days, Ashley found that only two seeds grew. She decided that her hypothesis was correct.
Which statement describes why Ashley should be less confident that her hypothesis is correct?
A. She grew the seeds only in salt water and did not have seeds growing that were given fresh water as a control.
B. She placed the container in sunlight only and should have place another container in the dark as a control.
C. She planted ten seeds in the same container when she should have planted only one seed to keep the experiment
controlled.
D. She planted the seeds in only one container with soil when she should have used two containers, filling one with
sand.
35.
The graph above shows the relationship between an island’s size (in hectares) and the number of plant and animal
species on the island. What can be concluded from the graph?
A. There is no relationship between an island’s size and biodiversity.
B. Flamingo Island has more diversity of plant and animal species than Blue Island.
C. Island of the Wind has greater numbers of plant and animal species because it is protected by the two larger islands.
D. As an island’s size increases, the numbers of plant and animal species on the island increase.